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七年级下册Section A精品学案设计
展开一、情态动词的基本用法
情态动词是表示说话人的语气、情态等的一类词。如:can(能,会)、may(可以),以后我们还将学到must(必须)、should(应该)、would(应该、想要)等。情态动词在运用时有以下三方面的特征:
1. 情态动词无主语人称及单复数的变化。
►They can play the piano.
►She can speak a little English.
►You may watch TV after supper.
2. 情态动词在句中运用时,后接动词原形。
►The girl can sing English songs.
►I can play Chinese chess.
3. 含情态动词的肯定句变为一般疑问句时,将情态动词提至句首,后加"?";变否定句时,在情态动词后加上"not"即可。
►This boy can dance well.
►—Can this boy dance well? (一般疑问句)
—Yes, he can. / No, he can’t.
►This boy can’t dance well. (否定句)
二、情态动词can的用法小结
can是情态动词,意为"能;会",表示某人或某物具备的能力,还可用来提出请求,没有人称和数的变化,后面直接接动词原形。下面来看一下它的具体用法。
1. 表示有能力做某事,意为"能;会"。
►I can speak English.我会讲英语。
►He can play basketball.他会打篮球。[来
【典例】I hear you have a home robot.
—Yes, it’s amazing. It ________ do all my housework.
A. must B. should C. could D. can
【答案】D
【解析】——我听说你有一个家用机器人。——是的,它真令人惊奇。它能做我的所有家务活。Must
2. 表示许可,意为"可以"。
►You can sit here.你可以坐在这儿。
【典例】—Can you please have a walk with me?
—Sorry, I ________. I have something important to do now.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. may not
【答案】C
【解析】"Could/Can you...?"是一个表示请求对方许可的句型,意为"你可以……吗?",肯定回答用"Sure./Yes, I can.",否定回答通常用"Sorry, I can’t."。学#科%网
3. 情态动词can表示推测,意为"可能",常用语否定句、疑问句中。
►It can’t be a cat. It has a short tail. 它不可能是猫,它有一个短尾巴。
【典例】—Is that girl under the tree Mary?
—No, it ________ be Mary. She is in Beijing now.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】本题用语境判断法。由答语第二句"她现在在北京"可知,树下的那个女孩不可能是玛丽。表示否定的推测,应用can’t。
下面一起来看一下can的句型变换:
(1)变为否定句
变为否定句时在情态动词can后加not,缩写为can’t。
►She can’t play the piano. 她不会弹钢琴。
(2)变为一般疑问句
变为一般疑问句时直接将情态动词can提到句首。肯定回答为:Yes, 主语+can.否定回答为:No, 主语+can’t.
►—Can you speak Japanese? 你会讲日语吗?—Yes, I can./No, I can’t.是的,我会。/不,我不会。[
【注意】用Certainly.作肯定回答,语气更肯定;用Sorry.作否定回答,语气则更委婉、客气。
►—Can you sing? 你会唱歌吗?—Certainly, I can.我当然会。
—Sorry, I can’t.很抱歉,我不会。
(3)变为特殊疑问句
变为特殊疑问句时,其句型通常为"疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+…?"
►What can you do? 你会做什么?
含情态动词can的句子的句式变换
否定句/一般疑问句及回答方式
否定句 | 主语+can+not+动词原形+其他. |
一般疑问句 | Can+主语+动词原形+其他? |
肯定回答 | Yes,主语+can. |
否定回答 | No,主语+can’t. |
含情态动词can的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他?
►What can you read? 你能读什么?
提问名词(词组)、代词 | 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句-画线部分(要提问的部分)? |
提问动词 (词组) | 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句-画线部分(要提问的部分)+do?(即用do替代画线部分) |
【典例】1.—Mom, can I play tennis?
—________ right now. I’d like you to help me with the housework.
A. No, you can B. Yes, you can’t C. Yes, you can D. No, you can’t
【答案】D
【解析】根据答语后一句可知现在不能去打网球,故回答为否定的,排除B、C,又因为A选项前后矛盾,故选D。学~科`网
2. She can draw a picture. (对画线部分进行提问)
________can she ________?
【答案】What; draw
3. She can draw a picture. (对画线部分进行提问)
________ can she________?
【答案】What; do
【注意】情态动词can没有数和人称的变化,其后总跟动词原形
►She can do it well.她能做好它。
情态动词can,可以表示能力,意为"会,能"。
►I can swim and skate.我会游泳和滑冰。
【典例】—I hear you have a home robot.
—Yes, it’s amazing. It ________ do all my housework.
A. must B. should C. could D. can
【答案】D
I. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I can’t________ (play) chess with you.I have too much homework to do.
2. —Can your parents ________ (speak) English?
—Yes, they can.
3. What can your sister ________ (do)?
4. Can you________ (swim) in the swimming pool with us on weekends?
5. Jim ________ (can not) dance.
II. 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
6. 你妹妹会游泳吗?
________your sister ________?]
7. 凯特会做什么?
What ________Kate ________?
8. 艾丽斯不会下象棋。
Alice ________ ________ chess.
9. 我会弹吉他。[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
I ________ ________ ________ ________.
10. ——你会讲汉语吗?——不会。
—________ you ________ Chinese?
—No, I ________.
III. 按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。
11. I can speak Chinese well.(改为一般疑问句)
________you ________Chinese well?
12. Tom can ride a horse.(改为否定句)
Tom ________ ________ a horse.
13. My father can speak English well.(改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ father________ English well?
14. She can draw. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ she ________?
15. Can Lin Fang and Li Mei play chess? (作肯定回答)
________, ________ ________.
16. Can Kate’s sister play the violin? (作否定回答)
________, ________ ________.
IV. 单项选择。
17. (2016 • 重庆中考B卷)He ________ speak English very well although he has studied it for only one year.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. must D. can
18. (2015 • 广东省佛山市中考)Jenny finally got the job because she ________ speak English well.
A. might B. must C. could
19.(2015 • 广东省茂名市中考)—Mr Li is giving the lesson.
—________ it be Mr. Li speaking? But he has already gone to England.
A. Shall B. Must C. Can
20.(2016 • 福建福州中考)—Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs. King?
—No, It ________ be her. She is wearing a white dress today.
A. can B. may C. must D. can’t
21. Tom ________ come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. may B. can C. has to D. must
22. They ________ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to
23. —May I take this book out?
—No, you ________.
A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. aren’t
24. You ________ go and see a doctor at once because you’re got a fever.
A. can B. must C. dare D. would
25. —Can you speak Japanese?
—No, I ________.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. may not
26. —He ________ be in the classroom, I think.
—No, he ________ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.
A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can’t D. may; mustn’t
27. —Can I swim in the river, Grandpa?
—________. It is dangerous.
A. Yes, you can B. No, you can’t C. Yes, you need D. No, you needn’t
28. Susan is good at English and she can ________ some English songs.
A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. to singing
29.(2016 • 临沂中考)Students ________ enjoy the colorful school life if they study at home instead of going to school.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. must D. can
30.(2015 • 北京中考)—Jack, ________ you ride a bike?
—Yes, I can.
A. can B. may C. need D. must
V. 阅读理解。
A
Musicians wanted
We want four good musicians for our rock band. Are you a musician? Can you sing? Can you play the piano, the guitar or the drums? Do you want to be the best musician? If you want to join us, please send(发送) an e-mail. Our e-mail address is rockband2009@pep. corn.cn. Or you can call Mr. Liu at 790—4566.
Teachers needed
Are you an art teacher? Can you paint(绘画) or draw well? Are you good with children? We need two teachers for our art club. Please find Mrs. Wang for more information(信息) or call 628—1183.
31. How many musicians do they want?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
32. What should you do if you want to join the rock band?
A. Send an e-mail. B. Find Mrs. Wang
C. Call 628 -1183. D. Sing a song.
33. What can we know from the two ads(广告)?
A. The art club has an e-mail address. B. Mrs. Wang is in the rock band.
C. There are many children in the art club. D. The rock band needs three teachers.
B
There are many clubs in our school.
Do you like playing pingpong? Mr. Wu can teach you.Come and join the pingpong club! You can have lessons on Friday and Saturday. Our school has a pingpong game every year.What about joining in it next year?
Do you want to dance? Dancing is great.It helps you look good and be healthy.Join the dancing club and dance for the school art festival on May 27th.You can have lessons on Monday and Wednesday.Our beautiful art teachers, Ms. Li and Ms. Wu, will teach you.
Everyone loves delicious food.I think you love it, too. How about joining the cooking club? Here Mrs. Ma can teach you to develop(养成) healthy eating habits, and make delicious and healthy food.There are lessons on the weekend. You can ask your mom or dad to take the lessons, too.
34. The underlined word "it" refers to(指的是) __________.
A. the pingpong ball B. the pingpong club
C. the pingpong game D. the pingpong lesson
35. The dancing lessons are on .
A. Friday and Saturday B. Monday and Wednesday
C. Wednesday and Friday D. Saturday and Sunday
36. The underlined phrase "the cooking club" means "__________" in Chinese.
A. 烹饪俱乐部 B. 旅游俱乐部
C. 生活俱乐部 D. 家庭俱乐部
37. What can we know from the passage?
A. Mr. Wu is good at playing basketball.
B. Ms. Li is a math teacher.
C. There is a school art festival every year.
D. Parents can join the cooking club.
38. What is the best title(最佳标题) for the passage?
A. Clubs are boring B. Clubs want you
C. My favorite clubs D. Clubs help us a lot
VI. 完形填空。
Look! There 39 many kites in the 40 . They are red, yellow and blue. I like 41 kites 42 much. But I can’t fly very 43 . My brother Peter can do 44 well. He often 45 me fly kites. We go out 46 our kites every Sunday. 47 my brother’s help, now I can fly 48 .
39. A. is B. are C. has D. have
40. A. the house B. my home C. sky D. wall
41. A. fly B. to fly C. flying D. flies
42. A. very B. so C. too D. as
43. A. good B. nice C. well D. high
44. A. them B. it C. this D. fly
45. A. helps B. help C. let D. ask
46. A. and B. take C. carry D. with
47. A. Under B. With C. For D. After
48. A. kite B. it C. kites D. them
I. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. play 2.speak 3.do 4.swim 5.can’t
II.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
6. Can; swim 7.can; do 8.can’t play 9.can play the guitar 10.Can; speak; can’t
III.按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。
11. Can; speak 12.can’t ride 13. Can your; speak
14. What can; do 15. Yes; they can 16. No; she can’t
IV. 单项选择。
18. C【解析】句意:因为吉娜英语讲得好,所以她最后得到了这份工作。might可以,可能;表示允许与推测;must必须,表示主观愿望;一定,表示推测;could能够,表示过去的能力。可能,表示推测。本题表示她具有讲好英语的能力,故选C。
19. C【解析】句意:——李老师在上课。——会是李老师在上课吗?他已经去了英国了。shall要,将要,表示将来的助动词;must必须,强调主观愿望;can能,会,表示主语所具备的能力;可能,用于疑问句中表示推测。故选C。
20. C【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意:——看那个穿着红色衣服的年轻女士。它是金夫人吗?——不是,那肯定不是她。今天她穿着白色的裙子。情态动词表示否定猜测时经常用can’t。mustn’t表示禁止,千万别,一定不要。结合句意可知选C。
21—26 ADABBC
27. B【解析】由Can...?开头的一般疑问句,其肯定回答为"Yes, ...can.",否定回答为"No, ...can’t.",故排除C、D两项;再由答语后一句"很危险"可知,不能在河里游泳,故选否定回答的B项。
28. A【解析】情态动词can后跟动词原形,故选A。
29. B【解析】句意:如果学生在家学习而不去上学,他们就________享受丰富多彩的学校生活。由句意可知选can’t不能。故选B。
30. A【解析】询问某人会不会做某事,用情态动词can。
V. 阅读理解。
A
文章大意:本文叙述了两个广告,广告一:叙述了要招聘4名音乐家,短文介绍了招聘的条件及联系方式。广告二:叙述了要招聘2名美术老师,如果想了解更多的信息可以咨询王夫人,或打这个628 -1183电话。
31. C【解析】细节理解题。根据We want four good musicians for our rock band.可知需要4名音乐家,故选C。
32. A【解析】细节理解题。根据If you want to join us, please send(发送)an e-mail. 可以发送一个邮件,所以选A。
33. C【解析】推理判断题。根据Are you good with children?可推知俱乐部里有一些孩子,故选C。
B
【文章大意】短文重点向学生介绍了学校里的三个俱乐部:乒乓球俱乐部,舞蹈俱乐部和烹饪俱乐部。介绍了它们的活动时间以及授课老师,如果有这方面爱好和需求的学生可以报名参加。
36. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文中的句子"Here Mrs. Ma can teach you to develop(养成) healthy eating habits,and make delicious and healthy food."制作美味健康的食物,应该加入烹饪俱乐部,故答案为A。
37. D【解析】细节判断题。根据"Do you like playing ping pong?Mr. Wu can teach you."判断,吴老师擅长打乒乓球;根据"Our beautiful art teachers,Ms. Li and Ms. Wu,will teach you."判断,李女士是美术老师;根据"Our school has a ping pong game every year"可知,学校每年举办一次乒乓球比赛;根据短文最后一句"You can ask your mom or dad to take the lessons,too."可知,也可以邀请父母加入烹饪俱乐部,故正确答案为D。学#科4网
38. B【解析】主旨大意题。A. Clubs are boring俱乐部无聊;B. Clubs want you俱乐部需要你的参与;C. My favorite clubs我最喜欢的俱乐部;D. Clubs help us a lot俱乐部对我们的帮助很大。通读全文可知,这是一则招收俱乐部成员的宣传广告,故B答案更具有概括性。
VI. 完形填空。
【文章大意】你喜欢放风筝吗?放风筝是一件很有趣的事情。作者一开始放得不好,但是他的哥哥很擅长这件事。最后在哥哥的帮助下,作者也能把风筝放得很好了。
39. B【解析】句意:看!天空中有很多风筝。is 是,be动词的形式,用于主语是单数的时候;are是,be动词的形式,用于主语是复数或是you的时候;has有,第三人称单数;have有,动词原形。这里是There be句型,并且空后many kites是复数形式,故选B。
40. C【解析】句意:看!天空中有很多风筝。the house 房子;my home 我的家;sky 天空;wall墙。根据常识可知,风筝是飞在天空中的,故应选C。
42. A【解析】句意:我非常喜欢放风筝。vey 很,非常;so 如此;too也;太; as像,作为。这里very much是固定短语,非常,修饰谓语动词like。
43. C【解析】句意:但是我放得不是很好。good好的,形容词;nice好看的,好的;well好,副词;high高的,形容词。这里填的词是来修饰动词fly的,应该用副词,四个选项中只有C是副词,故选C。
44. B【解析】句意:我的哥哥Peter能做得很好。them他们; it 它;this 这个;fly飞。这里的代词it代指前面那句话的fly kites放风筝这件事,故选B。
45. A【解析】句意:他经常帮助我放风筝。helps 帮助,是第三人称单数形式;help 动词原形;let让; ask问,请求。这里是help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事,因为主语He是第三人称单数,故选A。
46. D【解析】句意:每个星期天我们都带着我们的风筝出去。and和,是并列连词; take带走,动词;carry 携带,搬运;with带着,带有,是介词。B和C两个选项意思虽然合适,但是它们是一个动词,这句话中已经有了谓语动词是go out,故B不对,根据句意可知选D。
47. B【解析】句意:在我的哥哥的帮助下,现在我能很好地放风筝了。Under在…下面;With和…一起;For为了,因为;After在…之后。这里with one’s help是固定短语,在某人的帮助下,故应选B。
48. C【解析】句意:在我的哥哥的帮助下,现在我能很好地放风筝了。kite风筝,单数形式;it它;kites 是复数形式;them 他们。fly kites是固定短语,放风筝,故应选C。
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