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统考版2022届高考英语一轮复习必修3Unit7TheSea课时提能练含解析北师大版20210218221学案
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这是一份统考版2022届高考英语一轮复习必修3Unit7TheSea课时提能练含解析北师大版20210218221学案，共14页。学案主要包含了语篇解读等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·洛阳市第二次统一考试)Plastic is the wrkhrse material f the mdern ecnmy.Light and durable，it's been used t make a vast number f prducts since its intrductin ver 100 years ag.
Hwever，a study carried ut by the Wrld Ecnmic Frum，the Ellen MacArthur Fundatin(基金会) and McKinsey & Cmpany shwed the breakdwn f the status in the glbal plastic system.A full 32% f the 78 millin tns f plastic packaging prduced annually is left t flw int ur ceans.
The Ocean Cleanup，a startup funded in 2013，is the brainchild f Byan Slat，wh came up with the idea fr the cmpany when he was just 17 years ld.Since then，it's received mre than $2 millin in funding(基金)．The cmpany plans t use a large device that will be fixed t the bttm f the Pacific Ocean.This will have arms that spread ut ver 100 km，getting all f the plastic garbage pushed int its nets.This is then cllected by a 10,000metrecube cntainer that will be emptied mnthly.
Mst recently，the Ocean Cleanup launched a team f explrers abard a specially refitted C130 Hercules aircraft heavily laded with specialized sensr equipment.It discvered that the prblem was wrse than expected with an abundance f plastics measuring up t 1.5m acrss and at a higher density than previusly thught.The rganizatin will cntinue t pilt the device and will start remving the pile befre the end f the decade.
Once the plastic is ut，what shuld we d with it? The fundatin hpes that the plastic frm the cean will have a cmmercial value which can help t fund the prject.Ocean plastic is nt easy t use，fr it's mixed with everything frm intact PET bttles t micrplastics.Hwever，sme f the wrld's biggest cmpanies als see the chance t market prducts made f cean plastic.
Transfrming tday's plastic ecnmy frm its present frm (takemakewaste) t a zer waste circular ecnmy (takemaketakemake) is a difficult challenge.Hwever，with cperative actin frm prducers，recyclers，gvernments and cnsumers alike and cntinuing innvatin，it can be dne.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了The Ocean Cleanup想出了一个收集海洋塑料垃圾的方法，但关于收集的塑料应该如何处理，该基金会希望海洋塑料能有商业价值以资助该项目，而世界上一些大公司也看到商机，能从商业上利用海洋塑料垃圾。
1．What's Byan Slat's idea abut?
A．A way t cllect cean plastic waste.
B．A new prduct made f cean plastic.
C．A machine t recycle plastic garbage.
D．An rganizatin t research int plastic.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段对The Ocean Cleanup的介绍可知，Byan Slat的想法是把海洋中的塑料垃圾收集起来，故选A。]
2．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “density” in Paragraph 4?
A．Flexibility. B．Thickness.
C．Width. D．Strength.
B [词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“with an abundance f plastics measuring up t 1.5m acrss and at a higher density than previusly thught”可推知，density与该句中的“1.5m acrss”呼应，应是一个与度量相关的名词，而C项“宽度”上文已提及，故B项与画线词词义相近。]
3．What d sme biggest cmpanies expect f the cean plastic?
A．It'll be turned int treasure.
B．It'll spnsr the fundatin.
C．It'll be recycled by the gvernment.
D．It'll take the frm f takemakewaste.
A [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“sme f the wrld's biggest cmpanies als see the chance t market prducts made f cean plastic”可知，一些大公司想要推销由海洋塑料制成的产品，即变废为宝，故选A。]
4．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A diary. B．A guidebk.
C．A nvel. D．A magazine.
D [文章出处题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了The Ocean Cleanup能收集海洋塑料垃圾，而世界上一些大公司能在商业上利用塑料垃圾，由此可推知，本文最可能摘自杂志，故选D。]
B
(2020·福州市第一学期质量检测)As yu mve ut f yur teens and int yur 20s and 30s，yur musical tastes start t slidify and yu likely quit keeping up with ppular music.Nw，research has fund the average age at which yur music library is unlikely t change：33.
The study's authr reached this cnclusin by analyzing data n U．S.Sptify users and cmparing it t artist ppularity data frm music intelligence cmpany The Ech Nest.
T determine the age at which we stp seeking ut new tunes，the authr gathered selfreprted age data frm Sptify and lked at users' “Taste Prfiles”，which tracks hw many times listeners have streamed music f individual artists.These artists were then matched t their ppularity rank n The Ech Nest.
The average teen listens almst nly t music amng the Billbard，the tp 200 albums in the cuntry，but this music represents a smaller part f their streaming as they age.In their teens，they listen t a lt f the same music，ver and ver again.Frank T．McAndrew，a prfessr f psychlgy at Knx Cllege，explains that that's the“mere expsure effect”at wrk，and it basically means，the mre we're expsed t smething，the mre we like it.
There are many reasns why a persn may stp streaming the current tp musical hits，and the authr lked int ne by identifying Sptify listeners with large amunts f children's music and nursery rhymes in their libraries.In ther wrds，when users may have becme parents.
But the study cncludes with sme gd news fr parents：“If yu're getting lder and can't find yurself staying as related t the ppular music as yu used t，have n fear—just wait fr yur kids t becme teenagers，and yu'll get expsed t all the ppular music f the day nce again！”
【语篇解读】 本文说明了青少年通过重复听相同的流行音乐来发展他们的音乐品味。当青少年长大后，他们的音乐品味会渐渐稳固，很可能会停止追随流行音乐。一项研究通过分析数据确定了人们不再物色新音乐的年龄并分析了人们停止追求流行音乐的原因。
5．What happens after teens grw lder?
A．They quit listening t music.
B．Their interest in music fades.
C．They change their music libraries.
D．Their musical tastes becme stable.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“As yu mve ut f yur teens and int yur 20s and 30s，yur musical tastes start t slidify and yu likely quit keeping up with ppular music”可知，随着青少年年龄增长，他们的音乐品味开始稳固下来，他们很可能会停止追随流行音乐。故选D。]
6．What is the way f the research?
A．Interviews. B．Analyzing data.
C．Observatin. D．Tracking ppularity.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段“The study's authr reached this cnclusin by analyzing data n U．S.Sptify users and cmparing it t artist ppularity data frm music intelligence cmpany The Ech Nest”可知，本文的研究方法是分析数据。故选B。]
7．Hw d teens develp their musical tastes?
A．They listen t the same music repeatedly.
B．They act like their favrite ppular stars.
C．They experience different styles f music.
D．They like tp music wrldwide.
A [推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“In their teens，they listen t a lt f the same music，ver and ver again”以及第三句中的“the mre we're expsed t smething，the mre we like it”可推知，青少年们通过重复听相同的音乐来发展他们的音乐品味。故选A。]
8．What's the gd news fr parents in the last paragraph?
A．Parents will regain their faith in music.
B．Parents will influence their teens in music.
C．Parents will hear their favrite music again.
D．Parents will enjy the music fr teens again.
D [细节理解题。 根据第六段中的“just wait fr yur kids t becme teenagers，and yu'll get expsed t all the ppular music f the day nce again”可知，当孩子们步入青少年时期，家长们又可以享受属于青少年的音乐了。故选D。 ]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·长沙市统一模拟考试)During his freshman year at Clumbia University，Sanfrd Greenberg std n campus with his classmate，Arthur Garfunkel.“Sanfrd，lk at the __1__.Yu see the clrs？The shapes？”Arthur asked.Sanfrd was __2__，because ther guys talked abut trips and sprts，but Arthur wanted t talk abut grass.
Was there a __3__ guy n campus than Sanfrd? Here he was，a pr kid frm Buffal，New Yrk n a full schlarship，taking classes frm masters such as physicist Len Lederman and pet Mark Van Dren.
But in 1960，Sanfrd's frtunes__4__.He was playing baseball when suddenly he culdn't __5__very clearly.He had t __6__ n the grass until his eyesight returned.At first he didn't believe it was anything __7__.
But when Sanfrd went back t Buffal，__8__ there tld him he had a very serius eye disease.They perated n his eyes，but he was still ging __9__.He was s sad that he __10__ t meet anyne frm cllege.
Hwever，Arthur__11__Sanfrd t g back t study at Clumbia.In September 1961，Sanfrd returned t campus.But he was__12__ abut getting arund alne and depended n Arthur t help him.
Then，ne afternn，Sanfrd and Arthur went t Manhattan.When it was time t g back t the __13__ ，Arthur said he had an imprtant meeting and culdn't g with Sanfrd.They __14__ fr the first time，and Arthur walked ff，leaving Sanfrd alne.It tk Sanfrd a lng time t get back t schl.But as he arrived at the university gate，smene almst __15__ him.
“Srry，sir.”
Sanfrd knew the __16__.It was Arthur's.Sanfrd was angry at first，but then he __17__ what Arthur had dne.
“It was ne f the mst__18__ ideas，”Sanfrd said.“Arthur，f curse，had been ___19__ me the whle way.”
After graduatin with greater__20__than thers，Sanfrd gt his MBA frm Clumbia and a Harvard and went n t becme a successful inventr and businessman.
【语篇解读】 桑福德在上大学期间突然患上了严重的眼疾，之后他拒绝见大学的任何人；后来在朋友亚瑟的鼓励下，他重新回到校园学习。但回校后，他不敢独自一人出行，而是依赖亚瑟的帮助。有一次，亚瑟想出了一个主意，让桑福德能独自走回学校。结果证明亚瑟的主意很有用。后来桑福德成了一名成功的发明家和商人。
1．A.cludsB．grass
C．trees D．baseball
B [根据下文中的“Arthur wanted t talk abut grass”可知，亚瑟想要谈论的是草；据此可知，他让桑福德看草。]
2．A.excited B．disappinted
C．surprised D．wrried
C [空后表述其他人都在谈论旅行和运动，而亚瑟却想谈论草，据此可推知，这让桑福德觉得很奇怪。surprised“觉得奇怪的”。]
3．A.luckierB．friendlier
C．smarter D．kinder
A [根据空后一句可知，桑福德是一个来自纽约州布法罗的穷孩子，但拿着全额奖学金，上着大师们的课。据此可知，此处表示“还有比桑福德更幸运的人吗”。]
4．A.imprved B．remained
C．arrived D．changed
D [根据上文表述的桑福德很幸运和下文表述的桑福德患上了严重的眼疾可推知，此处表示桑福德的命运发生了改变。]
5．A.hear B．smell
C．see D．speak
C [根据下文中的“until his eyesight returned”可知，在打棒球时，桑福德突然看不清东西了，他只好躺在草地上，直到视力恢复。]
6．A.lie dwnB．jump up
C．walk awayD．run alng
A [参见上题解析。A项意为“躺下”，故A项正确。]
7．A.difficult B．serius
C．new D．usual
B [根据下文中的“But”“a very serius eye disease”，并结合该句中的“At first he didn't believe”可知，开始他认为这不是什么严重的问题。]
8．A.teachers B．friends
C．relatives D．dctrs
D [根据语境并结合常识可知，当桑福德回到布法罗的时候，那里的医生告诉他，他得了一种非常严重的眼疾。]
9．A.blind B．deaf
C．wrng D．crazy
A [根据语境和空后一句表述的他如此难过以至于他拒绝见大学的人可知，尽管他的眼睛进行了手术，但是他还是会失明。]
10．A.plannedB．frgt
C．refused D．wished
C [参见上题解析。]
11．A.reminded B．persuaded
C．frced D．allwed
B [根据下文中的“Sanfrd returned t campus”可知，亚瑟说服桑福德重新回到哥伦比亚大学学习。persuade sb.t d sth.为固定用法，意为“说服某人做某事”，故B项正确。]
12．A.certainB．angry
C．nervus D．calm
C [根据该句中的“depended n Arthur t help him”可知，桑福德虽然重返校园，但由于严重的眼疾，他不敢自己一个人出去，所以他得依赖亚瑟的帮助。C项意为“惶恐的”，故C项正确。]
13．A.campusB．hspital
C．statin D．cmpany
A [根据语境和下文中的“he arrived at the university gate”可知，一天下午，桑福德和亚瑟去了曼哈顿，当该回校园时，亚瑟却说他有一个重要的会议要参加，不能和桑福德一起回去了。]
14．A.agreedB．estimated
C．discussed D．argued
D [根据该句中的“Arthur walked ff，leaving Sanfrd alne”可知， 他们第一次发生争吵，亚瑟愤然离去，留桑福德独自一人。]
15．A.shuted at B．kncked dwn
C．lked fr D．laughed at
B [根据下文中的“Srry，sir”可推知，在桑福德到校门口时，有人差点把他撞倒。B项意为“撞倒”，故B项正确。]
16．A.lk B．figure
C．vice D．gesture
C [根据上文中的“Srry，sir”可知，有人对他说“对不起，先生”；据此可推知，桑福德知道那是亚瑟的声音。]
17．A.dubted B．realized
C．believed D．wndered
B [根据语境可知，桑福德一开始感到恼怒，但是他随后理解了亚瑟所做的一切。]
18．A.annying B．awful
C．useless D．brilliant
D [根据语境和上文中的“Sanfrd was angry at first，but then he ________ what Arthur had dne”可知，桑福德说亚瑟让他独自回学校是一个绝妙的主意。]
19．A.misleadingB．shwing
C．guiding D．fllwing
D [根据语境可知，亚瑟一路跟着桑福德。D项意为“跟着”，故D项正确。A项意为“误导”，C项意为“指引，指导”，都与语境不符。]
20．A.effrtsB．lss
C．burden D．failure
A [根据语境并结合上文描述的桑福德患了严重的眼疾可知，付出了比别人更多的努力之后，桑福德获得了哥伦比亚大学的工商管理学硕士学位、哈佛大学的博士学位，而且成了一位成功的发明家和商人。]
课时提能练(十四)
必修3 Unit 7 The Sea(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·内江一模)
What is bdysurfing?
Bdysurfing is related t riding n a wave with n help frm aid tls such as a surfbard.That's why it is called the “purest” frm f surfing.In fact，it is ne f very few extreme sprts—free climbing and cliff diving are thers—that can be practiced using nthing but the human bdy.
Hw d yu d it?
T catch a wave，swim t where the waves break and，as ne appraches，start swimming twards the beach.Yu must try t travel at the same speed as the wave and，if yu d it crrectly，yu will feel the wave lifting yu and pushing yu frwards.Then try and cut alng the surface f the wave.
What d yu need?
It is mre enjyable and safer if yu use flippers (large flat rubber shes)．This is because they enable yu t swim faster and surf alng them mre easily.A wetsuit is als advisable.Anther aid is a handbard，a minisurfbard abut the size f an irn，held in ne hand t speed up alng the wave.If yu are lucky enugh t be surfing in warm water，make sure yu have yur bardshrts at the ready.
Unfficial wrld champinship
Bdysurfing is nt a prfessinal sprt，but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bdysurfing Classic each year.Lcal bdysurfers cmpete against athletes frm places such as Australia，Brazil，Japan r France.Famus bdybarder Mike Stewart has wn the event n fewer than 12 times，and Kelly Slater，the greatest surfer in histry，has als cmpeted.
【语篇解读】 夏威夷是著名的人体冲浪(bdysurfing)胜地，人体冲浪顾名思义就是只依靠身体在大海中随波逐流，其难度可想而知。本文介绍了这项运动的概念、技巧、装备及相关比赛。
1．Hw des a bdysurfer surf while in the sea?
A．Only using the human bdy.
B．Only relying n a surfbard.
C．Only fllwing a wave.
D．Only swimming alng the beach.
A [细节理解题。根据What is bdysurfing？部分的“Bdysurfing is related t riding n a wave with n help frm aid tls such as a surfbard.”及“In fact，it is ne f very few extreme sprts nthing but the human bdy.”可知，在人体冲浪这种极限运动中冲浪者不能使用任何冲浪工具，只能借助自己的身体踏浪前行。故A项正确。]
2．Which can make yu surf faster?
A．Flippers and a wetsuit.
B．A wetsuit and a handbard.
C．A handbard and bardshrts.
D．A handbard and flippers.
D [细节理解题。根据What d yu need？部分的“It is mre enjyable and safer if yu use flippers (large flat rubber shes)．This is because they enable yu t swim faster”及“Anther aid is a handbard，a minisurfbard abut the size f an irn，held in ne hand t speed up alng the wave.”可知，冲浪者可以借助手板和橡皮脚掌提高速度。故D项正确。]
3．What can we knw abut the Pipeline Bdysurfing Classic?
A．It is fr lcal bdysurfers.
B．It is held annually in Hawaii.
C．All famus bdysurfers favr it.
D．Mike Stewart attends it every year.
B [细节理解题。根据Unfficial wrld champinship部分的“but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bdysurfing Classic each year”可知，夏威夷的人体冲浪比赛the Pipeline Bdysurfing Classic每年举行一次。故B项正确。选项中的annually是原文中的each year的同义转述。]
B
(2020·洛阳市上学期尖子生第一次联考)On a cmfrtable sunny Sunday，I was ging t meet an ld university friend I hadn't seen fr years，and was really excited t hear all his news.My train was running a little late，but that was n big prblem—I culd text him t say I wuld be delayed.He wuld understand. was my mbile phne? I had that familiar sinking feeling.Yes，I'd left it at hme.
N mbile phne.I'm sure I'm nt alne in feeling anxius，n edge and wrried when I dn't have my phne with me.In fact，I knw I'm nt alne: twthirds f us experience this “nmphbia”．
That's accrding t a study which surveyed 1,000 peple in the UK abut their relatinship with mbile phnes，which says they check their mbile phnes 34 times a day，that wmen are mre “nmphbic” than men，and that 18t 24yearlds are the mst likely t suffer fear f being withut their mbiles : 77 % f them say they are unable t be apart frm their phnes fr mre than a few minutes.
D yu have “nmphbia” ?
·Yu never turn yur phne ff.
·Yu bsessively (着迷地) check fr texts，missed calls and emails.
·Yu always take yur phne t the bathrm with yu.
·Yu never let the battery run ut.
It's funny t think that arund 20 years ag the nly peple with mbile phnes wuld be businesspersns carrying their large，plastic “ bricks”．Of curse，these days，mbile phnes are everywhere.They have utnumbered peple acrss the wrld.
And when there are mre phnes than peple in the wrld，maybe it's time t ask wh really is in charge.Are yu in cntrl f yur phne，r des yur phne cntrl yu? S，what happened with my university friend? When I arrived a few minutes late he just laughed and said，“Yu haven't changed at all—still always be late！” And we had a great afternn catching up，full f jkes and stries，with n interruptins and n nagging(难以摆脱的) desire t check my phne.
Nt having it with me felt strangely liberating.Maybe I'll leave it at hme n purpse next time.
【语篇解读】 作者通过自己出门忘记带手机的经历引出“无手机焦虑症”这一话题，并得出了没有手机打扰也很不错的感悟。
4．What des the underlined wrd “nmphbia” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The fear f being ut f mbile phne cntact.
B．The addictin t keeping mbile phnes at hand.
C．The feeling f being alne and left behind.
D．The suffering f being anxius and wrried.
A [词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“I'm sure I'm nt alne in feeling anxius，n edge and wrried when I dn't have my phne with me”可知，当手机不在身边时，作者感到焦虑、紧张和担忧，并结合画线词所在句可知，画线词表示不能用手机联系的恐惧，故选A。]
5．We can infer that arund 20 years ag the mbile phne ________ accrding t the authr.
A．was nly affrded by businessmen
B．was as heavy as a brick
C．was seldm seen and accepted
D．was incnvenient t use
D [推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，20年前，唯一带着手机的群体是商人，他们拿着他们巨大的塑料“砖头”，由此可推知，20年前的手机使用起来是不方便的，故选D。]
6．What's the authr's attitude twards his experience withut mbile phnes?
A．Wrried. B．Favrable.
C．Neutral. D．Critical.
B [观点态度题。根据文章尾段可知，作者认为不带手机使自己感到异常的解脱；下次作者可能会故意把手机留在家里。由此可推知，作者对不带手机的经历持赞同的态度，故选B。]
7．What's the best title fr the passage?
A．The Develpment f Mbile Phnes
B．Meeting an Old University Friend
C．Being Withut My Mbile Phne
D．Using Mbile Phnes r Nt
C [标题判断题。根据尾段“Nt having it with time”并结合文章其他内容可知，作者通过自己的经历介绍“无手机焦虑症”这一话题并得出了不带手机也不错的感悟，故C项最适合作文章标题。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2020·武汉市部分学校高三质量监测)Sprts perfrmance can be influenced by many different things.__1__
There are many physical factrs that play a part in sprts perfrmance.__2___ The natural talent and strength f the players will make a difference.Als，it is imprtant t get enugh sleep befre yu are in a sprts event.__3___Eating gd meals is als imprtant.When yu are hungry，yu cannt perfrm the same.Yu might be thinking abut fd when yu shuld be thinking abut the game.
Of curse，the mre a team r a player practices，the mre likely they are t perfrm well.The same persn with the same physical abilities might just becme better as he practices.
Researching yur cmpetitrs can matter a lt in sprts perfrmance.Knwing their strengths and weaknesses can help yu adjust hw yu play t give yurself a better perfrmance against them.__4__If yu can figure ut where t hit the ball in tennis t cnfuse yur cmpetitr，fr example，then this can help yu scre pints.
__5___ If smene is very pessimistic abut a game，fr example，and is sure that he will lse，then he might increase his chances f ding s.If he is very nervus then he might be thinking abut that instead f fcusing n the game.If he is fcused then he might d better，achieving what he didn't even realize he culd.His cnfidence can als affect hw the ther team views him.
A．It is imprtant t be aware f these factrs.
B．It is necessary t get t knw yur cmpetitr and yurself.
C．Als，there are ways t play smething cleverly and d better.
D．If yu are tired，yu may nt perfrm as yu nrmally wuld.
E．If yu have practiced enugh t keep fit，yu shuld have a rest.
F．If smene is in gd shape，then f curse he will perfrm better.
G．There are many psychlgical factrs that can play a part in hw well yu perfrm.
【语篇解读】 在体育运动中，个人能力的发挥受到很多因素的影响，有身体方面和精神方面的因素，也有个人训练的程度以及对自己的对手的了解程度的因素。
1．A [该空承上启下，根据本段第一句中的“influenced by many different things”以及下文所讲的内容可知，后面四段承接第一段介绍了四个影响体育运动表现的因素。这与A项中的“be aware f these factrs”表述一致，故选A。]
2．F [根据空前一句中的“physical factrs”及空后一句“The natural make a difference”可推知，该空表述的是身体状况的好坏与体育运动表现的关系，这与F项中的“in gd shape，then f curse he will perfrm better”表述一致，故选F。]
3．D [根据空前一句可知，在体育比赛前睡眠充足是很重要的；D项“如果你很累，你可能没有平时表现得那么好”承接上文，故选D。]
4．C [前一句讲的是知道自己的竞争对手的优缺点的重要性，而该空后一句又举例说明如何在打网球时迷惑对手而得分，由此可知，该空应是表述了解对手之后能表现得更好的方法，故选C。]
5．G [该空为本段的首句，也是本段的主题句；根据该空后的“pessimistic abut a game”“very nervus” “fcused”以及“His cnfidence”可知，该段讲述的是心理方面的因素。故选G。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·广州模拟)A family can be tw r mre peple 1.________ share gals and values, have lngterm cmmitments t ne anther, and usually live in the same huse. Families range frm all srts f 2.________ (race), frms and sizes. Families differ in varius ways but each ne has 3.________ (it) wn definitin f a happy hme and family. S, what makes a happy family? There are many imprtant factrs that make a happy family.
Order is ne f the imprtant factrs that make a happy family. With rder there is n chas r 4.________(cnfuse) in the hme. A wellrganized family will be able t functin smthly and easily in 5.________ (cmplete) varius tasks that each individual must d. When each individual knws his/her wn respnsibility, he/she is capable and able t bring 6.________ (much) harmny and peace in the hme.
Quality time is definitely ne aspect t having a happy family. This quality time 7.________ (spend) tgether as a family n matter what the activity is will 8.________ (sure)strengthen a family's relatinship. Quality time 9.________ (help) t develp a bnd between family members. Nt nly will this strengthen ties, it will prvide yu 10.________ memries f times spent tgether, whether it is having fun, being sad, happy, r bad.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。文章作者针对如何让家庭快乐这一问题，给出了一些建议。
1．wh/that [考查定语从句。句意：一个家庭可以是两个或两个以上的人，他们有共同的目标和价值观，对彼此有长期的承诺，通常住在同一个房子里。这里含有一个定语从句，修饰先行词peple。关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以填wh/that。]
2．races [考查名词单复数。句意：家庭的范围从种族、形式和大小方面变动。被all srts f 修饰，用名词复数，所以填races。]
3．its [考查代词。句意：家庭各有不同，但每个家庭都有它自己的对幸福家庭的定义。文中表示“它的”修饰名词definitin，所以填its。]
4．cnfusin [考查名词。句意：有了秩序，家里就不会有混乱或困惑。There is/are ＋某物(人)，在该结构中，用名词，所以填cnfusin。]
5．cmpleting [考查固定用法。句意：一个组织良好的家庭能够顺利地完成每个人必须完成的各种任务。介词in之后，接动名词形式，所以填cmpleting。]
6．mre [考查比较级。句意：当每个人都知道自己的责任时，他/她就有能力为家庭带来更多的和谐与安宁。文中表示“更多的和谐与安宁”，用比较级，所以填mre。]
7．spent [考查过去分词。句意：无论活动是什么，这种与家人共度的美好时光肯定会加强家庭关系。“时光”和“度过”在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词短语作定语，所以填spent。]
8．surely [考查副词。句意：见上题。该空修饰动词strengthen，用副词，所以填surely。]
9．helps [考查主谓一致。句意：高质量的时间有助于发展家庭成员之间的联系。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语Quality time是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填helps。]
10．with [考查介词。句意：这不仅能加强你们之间的联系，还能让你们回忆起一起度过的时光。prvide sb.with sth.提供给某人某物，该句型是固定短语，所以填with。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·成都市高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测)Last summer I decided t get my first jb.This was pssible ne f the hardest tasks.Fr me，it was anther step mved frm a dependent child t a fairly independent adult.I had never hld a jb befre because f my parents wanted me t fcus n schl.S I had never wrked the day in my life.At first，it is extremely tugh.I sent applicatins hping t get my first cuple f chice.Yet I gt neither calls r emails.Luckily，halfway thrugh the third week，I finally gt a call.It was nt my first chice，but we culd nt say n.And after the interview，I was mre than ready start wrking the fllwing Mnday.
[答案]
Last summer I decided t get my first jb.This was eq \f(pssible,pssibly) ne f the hardest tasks.Fr me，it was anther step eq \f(mved,mving) frm a dependent child t a fairly independent adult.I had never eq \f(hld,held) a jb befre because eq \(f,＼) my parents wanted me t fcus n schl.S I had never wrked eq \f(the,a) day in my life.At first，it eq \f(is,was) extremely tugh.I sent applicatins hping t get my first cuple f eq \f(chice,chices).Yet I gt neither calls eq \f(r,nr) emails.Luckily，halfway thrugh the third week，I finally gt a call.It was nt my first chice，but eq \f(we,I) culd nt say n.And after the interview，I was mre than ready eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) start wrking the fllwing Mnday.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·洛阳市第二次统一考试)Plastic is the wrkhrse material f the mdern ecnmy.Light and durable，it's been used t make a vast number f prducts since its intrductin ver 100 years ag.
Hwever，a study carried ut by the Wrld Ecnmic Frum，the Ellen MacArthur Fundatin(基金会) and McKinsey & Cmpany shwed the breakdwn f the status in the glbal plastic system.A full 32% f the 78 millin tns f plastic packaging prduced annually is left t flw int ur ceans.
The Ocean Cleanup，a startup funded in 2013，is the brainchild f Byan Slat，wh came up with the idea fr the cmpany when he was just 17 years ld.Since then，it's received mre than $2 millin in funding(基金)．The cmpany plans t use a large device that will be fixed t the bttm f the Pacific Ocean.This will have arms that spread ut ver 100 km，getting all f the plastic garbage pushed int its nets.This is then cllected by a 10,000metrecube cntainer that will be emptied mnthly.
Mst recently，the Ocean Cleanup launched a team f explrers abard a specially refitted C130 Hercules aircraft heavily laded with specialized sensr equipment.It discvered that the prblem was wrse than expected with an abundance f plastics measuring up t 1.5m acrss and at a higher density than previusly thught.The rganizatin will cntinue t pilt the device and will start remving the pile befre the end f the decade.
Once the plastic is ut，what shuld we d with it? The fundatin hpes that the plastic frm the cean will have a cmmercial value which can help t fund the prject.Ocean plastic is nt easy t use，fr it's mixed with everything frm intact PET bttles t micrplastics.Hwever，sme f the wrld's biggest cmpanies als see the chance t market prducts made f cean plastic.
Transfrming tday's plastic ecnmy frm its present frm (takemakewaste) t a zer waste circular ecnmy (takemaketakemake) is a difficult challenge.Hwever，with cperative actin frm prducers，recyclers，gvernments and cnsumers alike and cntinuing innvatin，it can be dne.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了The Ocean Cleanup想出了一个收集海洋塑料垃圾的方法，但关于收集的塑料应该如何处理，该基金会希望海洋塑料能有商业价值以资助该项目，而世界上一些大公司也看到商机，能从商业上利用海洋塑料垃圾。
1．What's Byan Slat's idea abut?
A．A way t cllect cean plastic waste.
B．A new prduct made f cean plastic.
C．A machine t recycle plastic garbage.
D．An rganizatin t research int plastic.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段对The Ocean Cleanup的介绍可知，Byan Slat的想法是把海洋中的塑料垃圾收集起来，故选A。]
2．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “density” in Paragraph 4?
A．Flexibility. B．Thickness.
C．Width. D．Strength.
B [词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“with an abundance f plastics measuring up t 1.5m acrss and at a higher density than previusly thught”可推知，density与该句中的“1.5m acrss”呼应，应是一个与度量相关的名词，而C项“宽度”上文已提及，故B项与画线词词义相近。]
3．What d sme biggest cmpanies expect f the cean plastic?
A．It'll be turned int treasure.
B．It'll spnsr the fundatin.
C．It'll be recycled by the gvernment.
D．It'll take the frm f takemakewaste.
A [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“sme f the wrld's biggest cmpanies als see the chance t market prducts made f cean plastic”可知，一些大公司想要推销由海洋塑料制成的产品，即变废为宝，故选A。]
4．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A diary. B．A guidebk.
C．A nvel. D．A magazine.
D [文章出处题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了The Ocean Cleanup能收集海洋塑料垃圾，而世界上一些大公司能在商业上利用塑料垃圾，由此可推知，本文最可能摘自杂志，故选D。]
B
(2020·福州市第一学期质量检测)As yu mve ut f yur teens and int yur 20s and 30s，yur musical tastes start t slidify and yu likely quit keeping up with ppular music.Nw，research has fund the average age at which yur music library is unlikely t change：33.
The study's authr reached this cnclusin by analyzing data n U．S.Sptify users and cmparing it t artist ppularity data frm music intelligence cmpany The Ech Nest.
T determine the age at which we stp seeking ut new tunes，the authr gathered selfreprted age data frm Sptify and lked at users' “Taste Prfiles”，which tracks hw many times listeners have streamed music f individual artists.These artists were then matched t their ppularity rank n The Ech Nest.
The average teen listens almst nly t music amng the Billbard，the tp 200 albums in the cuntry，but this music represents a smaller part f their streaming as they age.In their teens，they listen t a lt f the same music，ver and ver again.Frank T．McAndrew，a prfessr f psychlgy at Knx Cllege，explains that that's the“mere expsure effect”at wrk，and it basically means，the mre we're expsed t smething，the mre we like it.
There are many reasns why a persn may stp streaming the current tp musical hits，and the authr lked int ne by identifying Sptify listeners with large amunts f children's music and nursery rhymes in their libraries.In ther wrds，when users may have becme parents.
But the study cncludes with sme gd news fr parents：“If yu're getting lder and can't find yurself staying as related t the ppular music as yu used t，have n fear—just wait fr yur kids t becme teenagers，and yu'll get expsed t all the ppular music f the day nce again！”
【语篇解读】 本文说明了青少年通过重复听相同的流行音乐来发展他们的音乐品味。当青少年长大后，他们的音乐品味会渐渐稳固，很可能会停止追随流行音乐。一项研究通过分析数据确定了人们不再物色新音乐的年龄并分析了人们停止追求流行音乐的原因。
5．What happens after teens grw lder?
A．They quit listening t music.
B．Their interest in music fades.
C．They change their music libraries.
D．Their musical tastes becme stable.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“As yu mve ut f yur teens and int yur 20s and 30s，yur musical tastes start t slidify and yu likely quit keeping up with ppular music”可知，随着青少年年龄增长，他们的音乐品味开始稳固下来，他们很可能会停止追随流行音乐。故选D。]
6．What is the way f the research?
A．Interviews. B．Analyzing data.
C．Observatin. D．Tracking ppularity.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段“The study's authr reached this cnclusin by analyzing data n U．S.Sptify users and cmparing it t artist ppularity data frm music intelligence cmpany The Ech Nest”可知，本文的研究方法是分析数据。故选B。]
7．Hw d teens develp their musical tastes?
A．They listen t the same music repeatedly.
B．They act like their favrite ppular stars.
C．They experience different styles f music.
D．They like tp music wrldwide.
A [推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“In their teens，they listen t a lt f the same music，ver and ver again”以及第三句中的“the mre we're expsed t smething，the mre we like it”可推知，青少年们通过重复听相同的音乐来发展他们的音乐品味。故选A。]
8．What's the gd news fr parents in the last paragraph?
A．Parents will regain their faith in music.
B．Parents will influence their teens in music.
C．Parents will hear their favrite music again.
D．Parents will enjy the music fr teens again.
D [细节理解题。 根据第六段中的“just wait fr yur kids t becme teenagers，and yu'll get expsed t all the ppular music f the day nce again”可知，当孩子们步入青少年时期，家长们又可以享受属于青少年的音乐了。故选D。 ]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·长沙市统一模拟考试)During his freshman year at Clumbia University，Sanfrd Greenberg std n campus with his classmate，Arthur Garfunkel.“Sanfrd，lk at the __1__.Yu see the clrs？The shapes？”Arthur asked.Sanfrd was __2__，because ther guys talked abut trips and sprts，but Arthur wanted t talk abut grass.
Was there a __3__ guy n campus than Sanfrd? Here he was，a pr kid frm Buffal，New Yrk n a full schlarship，taking classes frm masters such as physicist Len Lederman and pet Mark Van Dren.
But in 1960，Sanfrd's frtunes__4__.He was playing baseball when suddenly he culdn't __5__very clearly.He had t __6__ n the grass until his eyesight returned.At first he didn't believe it was anything __7__.
But when Sanfrd went back t Buffal，__8__ there tld him he had a very serius eye disease.They perated n his eyes，but he was still ging __9__.He was s sad that he __10__ t meet anyne frm cllege.
Hwever，Arthur__11__Sanfrd t g back t study at Clumbia.In September 1961，Sanfrd returned t campus.But he was__12__ abut getting arund alne and depended n Arthur t help him.
Then，ne afternn，Sanfrd and Arthur went t Manhattan.When it was time t g back t the __13__ ，Arthur said he had an imprtant meeting and culdn't g with Sanfrd.They __14__ fr the first time，and Arthur walked ff，leaving Sanfrd alne.It tk Sanfrd a lng time t get back t schl.But as he arrived at the university gate，smene almst __15__ him.
“Srry，sir.”
Sanfrd knew the __16__.It was Arthur's.Sanfrd was angry at first，but then he __17__ what Arthur had dne.
“It was ne f the mst__18__ ideas，”Sanfrd said.“Arthur，f curse，had been ___19__ me the whle way.”
After graduatin with greater__20__than thers，Sanfrd gt his MBA frm Clumbia and a Harvard and went n t becme a successful inventr and businessman.
【语篇解读】 桑福德在上大学期间突然患上了严重的眼疾，之后他拒绝见大学的任何人；后来在朋友亚瑟的鼓励下，他重新回到校园学习。但回校后，他不敢独自一人出行，而是依赖亚瑟的帮助。有一次，亚瑟想出了一个主意，让桑福德能独自走回学校。结果证明亚瑟的主意很有用。后来桑福德成了一名成功的发明家和商人。
1．A.cludsB．grass
C．trees D．baseball
B [根据下文中的“Arthur wanted t talk abut grass”可知，亚瑟想要谈论的是草；据此可知，他让桑福德看草。]
2．A.excited B．disappinted
C．surprised D．wrried
C [空后表述其他人都在谈论旅行和运动，而亚瑟却想谈论草，据此可推知，这让桑福德觉得很奇怪。surprised“觉得奇怪的”。]
3．A.luckierB．friendlier
C．smarter D．kinder
A [根据空后一句可知，桑福德是一个来自纽约州布法罗的穷孩子，但拿着全额奖学金，上着大师们的课。据此可知，此处表示“还有比桑福德更幸运的人吗”。]
4．A.imprved B．remained
C．arrived D．changed
D [根据上文表述的桑福德很幸运和下文表述的桑福德患上了严重的眼疾可推知，此处表示桑福德的命运发生了改变。]
5．A.hear B．smell
C．see D．speak
C [根据下文中的“until his eyesight returned”可知，在打棒球时，桑福德突然看不清东西了，他只好躺在草地上，直到视力恢复。]
6．A.lie dwnB．jump up
C．walk awayD．run alng
A [参见上题解析。A项意为“躺下”，故A项正确。]
7．A.difficult B．serius
C．new D．usual
B [根据下文中的“But”“a very serius eye disease”，并结合该句中的“At first he didn't believe”可知，开始他认为这不是什么严重的问题。]
8．A.teachers B．friends
C．relatives D．dctrs
D [根据语境并结合常识可知，当桑福德回到布法罗的时候，那里的医生告诉他，他得了一种非常严重的眼疾。]
9．A.blind B．deaf
C．wrng D．crazy
A [根据语境和空后一句表述的他如此难过以至于他拒绝见大学的人可知，尽管他的眼睛进行了手术，但是他还是会失明。]
10．A.plannedB．frgt
C．refused D．wished
C [参见上题解析。]
11．A.reminded B．persuaded
C．frced D．allwed
B [根据下文中的“Sanfrd returned t campus”可知，亚瑟说服桑福德重新回到哥伦比亚大学学习。persuade sb.t d sth.为固定用法，意为“说服某人做某事”，故B项正确。]
12．A.certainB．angry
C．nervus D．calm
C [根据该句中的“depended n Arthur t help him”可知，桑福德虽然重返校园，但由于严重的眼疾，他不敢自己一个人出去，所以他得依赖亚瑟的帮助。C项意为“惶恐的”，故C项正确。]
13．A.campusB．hspital
C．statin D．cmpany
A [根据语境和下文中的“he arrived at the university gate”可知，一天下午，桑福德和亚瑟去了曼哈顿，当该回校园时，亚瑟却说他有一个重要的会议要参加，不能和桑福德一起回去了。]
14．A.agreedB．estimated
C．discussed D．argued
D [根据该句中的“Arthur walked ff，leaving Sanfrd alne”可知， 他们第一次发生争吵，亚瑟愤然离去，留桑福德独自一人。]
15．A.shuted at B．kncked dwn
C．lked fr D．laughed at
B [根据下文中的“Srry，sir”可推知，在桑福德到校门口时，有人差点把他撞倒。B项意为“撞倒”，故B项正确。]
16．A.lk B．figure
C．vice D．gesture
C [根据上文中的“Srry，sir”可知，有人对他说“对不起，先生”；据此可推知，桑福德知道那是亚瑟的声音。]
17．A.dubted B．realized
C．believed D．wndered
B [根据语境可知，桑福德一开始感到恼怒，但是他随后理解了亚瑟所做的一切。]
18．A.annying B．awful
C．useless D．brilliant
D [根据语境和上文中的“Sanfrd was angry at first，but then he ________ what Arthur had dne”可知，桑福德说亚瑟让他独自回学校是一个绝妙的主意。]
19．A.misleadingB．shwing
C．guiding D．fllwing
D [根据语境可知，亚瑟一路跟着桑福德。D项意为“跟着”，故D项正确。A项意为“误导”，C项意为“指引，指导”，都与语境不符。]
20．A.effrtsB．lss
C．burden D．failure
A [根据语境并结合上文描述的桑福德患了严重的眼疾可知，付出了比别人更多的努力之后，桑福德获得了哥伦比亚大学的工商管理学硕士学位、哈佛大学的博士学位，而且成了一位成功的发明家和商人。]
课时提能练(十四)
必修3 Unit 7 The Sea(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·内江一模)
What is bdysurfing?
Bdysurfing is related t riding n a wave with n help frm aid tls such as a surfbard.That's why it is called the “purest” frm f surfing.In fact，it is ne f very few extreme sprts—free climbing and cliff diving are thers—that can be practiced using nthing but the human bdy.
Hw d yu d it?
T catch a wave，swim t where the waves break and，as ne appraches，start swimming twards the beach.Yu must try t travel at the same speed as the wave and，if yu d it crrectly，yu will feel the wave lifting yu and pushing yu frwards.Then try and cut alng the surface f the wave.
What d yu need?
It is mre enjyable and safer if yu use flippers (large flat rubber shes)．This is because they enable yu t swim faster and surf alng them mre easily.A wetsuit is als advisable.Anther aid is a handbard，a minisurfbard abut the size f an irn，held in ne hand t speed up alng the wave.If yu are lucky enugh t be surfing in warm water，make sure yu have yur bardshrts at the ready.
Unfficial wrld champinship
Bdysurfing is nt a prfessinal sprt，but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bdysurfing Classic each year.Lcal bdysurfers cmpete against athletes frm places such as Australia，Brazil，Japan r France.Famus bdybarder Mike Stewart has wn the event n fewer than 12 times，and Kelly Slater，the greatest surfer in histry，has als cmpeted.
【语篇解读】 夏威夷是著名的人体冲浪(bdysurfing)胜地，人体冲浪顾名思义就是只依靠身体在大海中随波逐流，其难度可想而知。本文介绍了这项运动的概念、技巧、装备及相关比赛。
1．Hw des a bdysurfer surf while in the sea?
A．Only using the human bdy.
B．Only relying n a surfbard.
C．Only fllwing a wave.
D．Only swimming alng the beach.
A [细节理解题。根据What is bdysurfing？部分的“Bdysurfing is related t riding n a wave with n help frm aid tls such as a surfbard.”及“In fact，it is ne f very few extreme sprts nthing but the human bdy.”可知，在人体冲浪这种极限运动中冲浪者不能使用任何冲浪工具，只能借助自己的身体踏浪前行。故A项正确。]
2．Which can make yu surf faster?
A．Flippers and a wetsuit.
B．A wetsuit and a handbard.
C．A handbard and bardshrts.
D．A handbard and flippers.
D [细节理解题。根据What d yu need？部分的“It is mre enjyable and safer if yu use flippers (large flat rubber shes)．This is because they enable yu t swim faster”及“Anther aid is a handbard，a minisurfbard abut the size f an irn，held in ne hand t speed up alng the wave.”可知，冲浪者可以借助手板和橡皮脚掌提高速度。故D项正确。]
3．What can we knw abut the Pipeline Bdysurfing Classic?
A．It is fr lcal bdysurfers.
B．It is held annually in Hawaii.
C．All famus bdysurfers favr it.
D．Mike Stewart attends it every year.
B [细节理解题。根据Unfficial wrld champinship部分的“but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bdysurfing Classic each year”可知，夏威夷的人体冲浪比赛the Pipeline Bdysurfing Classic每年举行一次。故B项正确。选项中的annually是原文中的each year的同义转述。]
B
(2020·洛阳市上学期尖子生第一次联考)On a cmfrtable sunny Sunday，I was ging t meet an ld university friend I hadn't seen fr years，and was really excited t hear all his news.My train was running a little late，but that was n big prblem—I culd text him t say I wuld be delayed.He wuld understand. was my mbile phne? I had that familiar sinking feeling.Yes，I'd left it at hme.
N mbile phne.I'm sure I'm nt alne in feeling anxius，n edge and wrried when I dn't have my phne with me.In fact，I knw I'm nt alne: twthirds f us experience this “nmphbia”．
That's accrding t a study which surveyed 1,000 peple in the UK abut their relatinship with mbile phnes，which says they check their mbile phnes 34 times a day，that wmen are mre “nmphbic” than men，and that 18t 24yearlds are the mst likely t suffer fear f being withut their mbiles : 77 % f them say they are unable t be apart frm their phnes fr mre than a few minutes.
D yu have “nmphbia” ?
·Yu never turn yur phne ff.
·Yu bsessively (着迷地) check fr texts，missed calls and emails.
·Yu always take yur phne t the bathrm with yu.
·Yu never let the battery run ut.
It's funny t think that arund 20 years ag the nly peple with mbile phnes wuld be businesspersns carrying their large，plastic “ bricks”．Of curse，these days，mbile phnes are everywhere.They have utnumbered peple acrss the wrld.
And when there are mre phnes than peple in the wrld，maybe it's time t ask wh really is in charge.Are yu in cntrl f yur phne，r des yur phne cntrl yu? S，what happened with my university friend? When I arrived a few minutes late he just laughed and said，“Yu haven't changed at all—still always be late！” And we had a great afternn catching up，full f jkes and stries，with n interruptins and n nagging(难以摆脱的) desire t check my phne.
Nt having it with me felt strangely liberating.Maybe I'll leave it at hme n purpse next time.
【语篇解读】 作者通过自己出门忘记带手机的经历引出“无手机焦虑症”这一话题，并得出了没有手机打扰也很不错的感悟。
4．What des the underlined wrd “nmphbia” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The fear f being ut f mbile phne cntact.
B．The addictin t keeping mbile phnes at hand.
C．The feeling f being alne and left behind.
D．The suffering f being anxius and wrried.
A [词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“I'm sure I'm nt alne in feeling anxius，n edge and wrried when I dn't have my phne with me”可知，当手机不在身边时，作者感到焦虑、紧张和担忧，并结合画线词所在句可知，画线词表示不能用手机联系的恐惧，故选A。]
5．We can infer that arund 20 years ag the mbile phne ________ accrding t the authr.
A．was nly affrded by businessmen
B．was as heavy as a brick
C．was seldm seen and accepted
D．was incnvenient t use
D [推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，20年前，唯一带着手机的群体是商人，他们拿着他们巨大的塑料“砖头”，由此可推知，20年前的手机使用起来是不方便的，故选D。]
6．What's the authr's attitude twards his experience withut mbile phnes?
A．Wrried. B．Favrable.
C．Neutral. D．Critical.
B [观点态度题。根据文章尾段可知，作者认为不带手机使自己感到异常的解脱；下次作者可能会故意把手机留在家里。由此可推知，作者对不带手机的经历持赞同的态度，故选B。]
7．What's the best title fr the passage?
A．The Develpment f Mbile Phnes
B．Meeting an Old University Friend
C．Being Withut My Mbile Phne
D．Using Mbile Phnes r Nt
C [标题判断题。根据尾段“Nt having it with time”并结合文章其他内容可知，作者通过自己的经历介绍“无手机焦虑症”这一话题并得出了不带手机也不错的感悟，故C项最适合作文章标题。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2020·武汉市部分学校高三质量监测)Sprts perfrmance can be influenced by many different things.__1__
There are many physical factrs that play a part in sprts perfrmance.__2___ The natural talent and strength f the players will make a difference.Als，it is imprtant t get enugh sleep befre yu are in a sprts event.__3___Eating gd meals is als imprtant.When yu are hungry，yu cannt perfrm the same.Yu might be thinking abut fd when yu shuld be thinking abut the game.
Of curse，the mre a team r a player practices，the mre likely they are t perfrm well.The same persn with the same physical abilities might just becme better as he practices.
Researching yur cmpetitrs can matter a lt in sprts perfrmance.Knwing their strengths and weaknesses can help yu adjust hw yu play t give yurself a better perfrmance against them.__4__If yu can figure ut where t hit the ball in tennis t cnfuse yur cmpetitr，fr example，then this can help yu scre pints.
__5___ If smene is very pessimistic abut a game，fr example，and is sure that he will lse，then he might increase his chances f ding s.If he is very nervus then he might be thinking abut that instead f fcusing n the game.If he is fcused then he might d better，achieving what he didn't even realize he culd.His cnfidence can als affect hw the ther team views him.
A．It is imprtant t be aware f these factrs.
B．It is necessary t get t knw yur cmpetitr and yurself.
C．Als，there are ways t play smething cleverly and d better.
D．If yu are tired，yu may nt perfrm as yu nrmally wuld.
E．If yu have practiced enugh t keep fit，yu shuld have a rest.
F．If smene is in gd shape，then f curse he will perfrm better.
G．There are many psychlgical factrs that can play a part in hw well yu perfrm.
【语篇解读】 在体育运动中，个人能力的发挥受到很多因素的影响，有身体方面和精神方面的因素，也有个人训练的程度以及对自己的对手的了解程度的因素。
1．A [该空承上启下，根据本段第一句中的“influenced by many different things”以及下文所讲的内容可知，后面四段承接第一段介绍了四个影响体育运动表现的因素。这与A项中的“be aware f these factrs”表述一致，故选A。]
2．F [根据空前一句中的“physical factrs”及空后一句“The natural make a difference”可推知，该空表述的是身体状况的好坏与体育运动表现的关系，这与F项中的“in gd shape，then f curse he will perfrm better”表述一致，故选F。]
3．D [根据空前一句可知，在体育比赛前睡眠充足是很重要的；D项“如果你很累，你可能没有平时表现得那么好”承接上文，故选D。]
4．C [前一句讲的是知道自己的竞争对手的优缺点的重要性，而该空后一句又举例说明如何在打网球时迷惑对手而得分，由此可知，该空应是表述了解对手之后能表现得更好的方法，故选C。]
5．G [该空为本段的首句，也是本段的主题句；根据该空后的“pessimistic abut a game”“very nervus” “fcused”以及“His cnfidence”可知，该段讲述的是心理方面的因素。故选G。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·广州模拟)A family can be tw r mre peple 1.________ share gals and values, have lngterm cmmitments t ne anther, and usually live in the same huse. Families range frm all srts f 2.________ (race), frms and sizes. Families differ in varius ways but each ne has 3.________ (it) wn definitin f a happy hme and family. S, what makes a happy family? There are many imprtant factrs that make a happy family.
Order is ne f the imprtant factrs that make a happy family. With rder there is n chas r 4.________(cnfuse) in the hme. A wellrganized family will be able t functin smthly and easily in 5.________ (cmplete) varius tasks that each individual must d. When each individual knws his/her wn respnsibility, he/she is capable and able t bring 6.________ (much) harmny and peace in the hme.
Quality time is definitely ne aspect t having a happy family. This quality time 7.________ (spend) tgether as a family n matter what the activity is will 8.________ (sure)strengthen a family's relatinship. Quality time 9.________ (help) t develp a bnd between family members. Nt nly will this strengthen ties, it will prvide yu 10.________ memries f times spent tgether, whether it is having fun, being sad, happy, r bad.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。文章作者针对如何让家庭快乐这一问题，给出了一些建议。
1．wh/that [考查定语从句。句意：一个家庭可以是两个或两个以上的人，他们有共同的目标和价值观，对彼此有长期的承诺，通常住在同一个房子里。这里含有一个定语从句，修饰先行词peple。关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以填wh/that。]
2．races [考查名词单复数。句意：家庭的范围从种族、形式和大小方面变动。被all srts f 修饰，用名词复数，所以填races。]
3．its [考查代词。句意：家庭各有不同，但每个家庭都有它自己的对幸福家庭的定义。文中表示“它的”修饰名词definitin，所以填its。]
4．cnfusin [考查名词。句意：有了秩序，家里就不会有混乱或困惑。There is/are ＋某物(人)，在该结构中，用名词，所以填cnfusin。]
5．cmpleting [考查固定用法。句意：一个组织良好的家庭能够顺利地完成每个人必须完成的各种任务。介词in之后，接动名词形式，所以填cmpleting。]
6．mre [考查比较级。句意：当每个人都知道自己的责任时，他/她就有能力为家庭带来更多的和谐与安宁。文中表示“更多的和谐与安宁”，用比较级，所以填mre。]
7．spent [考查过去分词。句意：无论活动是什么，这种与家人共度的美好时光肯定会加强家庭关系。“时光”和“度过”在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词短语作定语，所以填spent。]
8．surely [考查副词。句意：见上题。该空修饰动词strengthen，用副词，所以填surely。]
9．helps [考查主谓一致。句意：高质量的时间有助于发展家庭成员之间的联系。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语Quality time是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填helps。]
10．with [考查介词。句意：这不仅能加强你们之间的联系，还能让你们回忆起一起度过的时光。prvide sb.with sth.提供给某人某物，该句型是固定短语，所以填with。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·成都市高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测)Last summer I decided t get my first jb.This was pssible ne f the hardest tasks.Fr me，it was anther step mved frm a dependent child t a fairly independent adult.I had never hld a jb befre because f my parents wanted me t fcus n schl.S I had never wrked the day in my life.At first，it is extremely tugh.I sent applicatins hping t get my first cuple f chice.Yet I gt neither calls r emails.Luckily，halfway thrugh the third week，I finally gt a call.It was nt my first chice，but we culd nt say n.And after the interview，I was mre than ready start wrking the fllwing Mnday.
[答案]
Last summer I decided t get my first jb.This was eq \f(pssible,pssibly) ne f the hardest tasks.Fr me，it was anther step eq \f(mved,mving) frm a dependent child t a fairly independent adult.I had never eq \f(hld,held) a jb befre because eq \(f,＼) my parents wanted me t fcus n schl.S I had never wrked eq \f(the,a) day in my life.At first，it eq \f(is,was) extremely tugh.I sent applicatins hping t get my first cuple f eq \f(chice,chices).Yet I gt neither calls eq \f(r,nr) emails.Luckily，halfway thrugh the third week，I finally gt a call.It was nt my first chice，but eq \f(we,I) culd nt say n.And after the interview，I was mre than ready eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) start wrking the fllwing Mnday.
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