选择性必修 第二册Lesson 3 The Advertising Game优秀复习练习题

Unit 6 The Media  Period 3 The Advertising Game

解析版

一、单句语法填空

1. Most of the educators are in favor of providing more ___________(free) to the teenagers, believing that it may make them more creative and independent.

【答案】freedom

【解析】考查词性转换。该句句意：大多数教育者支持给青少年学习的自由，他们相信这样会使青少年更有创造力并更独立。设空处应填名词，作providing的宾语，故填freedom。

2. All rights reserved, no one is allowed to copy or use this paper for other ______________ (commerce) purposes.

【答案】commercial

【解析】考查词性转换。该句句意：版权所有，任何人不得复制或使用本论文作其他商业用途。设空处应填形容词，表示“商业的”，作定语修饰名词purposes，故填commercial。

3. Qingdao is an ___________(attract) city ___________(locate) on the eastern coast of China.

【答案】attractive; located

【解析】考查词性转换和非谓语。该句句意：青岛是个位于中国东海岸的吸引人的城市。该句设空处均应作定语修饰限定city，attractive：吸引人的；city和locate是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词做city的后置定语。故填attractive；located。

4. Obviously, TV plays an important part in people’s lives, for it brings us__________(vision) images from around the world.

【答案】visual

【解析】考查词性转换。该句句意：显然，电视在人们的生活中起着很重要的作用，因为它给我们带来来自全世界的视频图像。设空处应填形容词，作定语修饰名词images，故填visual。

5. With time going by, we have come to realize that creativity is what it takes to keep a nation highly ______________(compete) .

【答案】competitive

【解析】考查词性转换。该句句意：随着时间的推移，我们逐渐认识到，创造力是保持国家高度竞争力的必要条件。句中keep a nation highly ___________为keep的复合结构，设空处为宾补，表示“有竞争力的”，故填形容词competitive。

6. Lack of confidence resulted in his failure in the ___________(compete).

【答案】competition

【解析】考查词性转换。该句句意：缺乏信心导致他在比赛中失败。设空处应填名词，作in的宾语，故填competition。

7. In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, __________(combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.

【答案】combining

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近几年，英语单词infosphere出现了，结合了“信息”和“气氛”这两个单词。该句谓语为has appeared，设空处combine应非谓语化，因combine与infosphere之间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填combining。

8. Whether pollution ____________(link) to the disease is under debate.

【答案】is linked

【解析】考查时态和语态。该句句意：污染是否与这种疾病有关联尚在讨论中。设空处为主语从句的谓语部分，根据主句谓语is且结合语意可知，此处应用一般现在时；又因link...to...  将……和……联系/连接起来，be linked（to）：（与……）相关联。此空应用被动语态。故填介词is linked。

9. We want to encourage students to participate___________ the running of the college.

【答案】in

【解析】考查动词短语。该句句意：我们要鼓励学生参与大学的管理。participate in参与。故填in。

10. I sincerely hope that the festival will be a great success and I’m looking forward to your ________________ (participate).

【答案】participation

【解析】考查词性转换。该句句意：我真诚地希望艺术节取得圆满成功，并期待您的参与。设空处应填名词，作介词to的宾语，意为“参加；参与”。故填participation。

二、完成句子

1. 加拿大是一个由许多不同民族组成的国家。(consist)

Canada is a country ______________________________________ .

【答案】consisting of many different nationalities

【解析】考查动词短语。consist of…：由……组成/构成；该句的谓语为is，所以consist of…应非谓语化，作后置定语修饰country，应consist of与country之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词短语，即填consisting of many different nationalities。

2. 该软件过滤掉了那些内容不适合儿童的网站。（whose，suitable）

The software filters out (过滤掉) Internet sites ___________________________________.

【答案】whose content is not suitable for children

【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。关系代词whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，意为“……的”。be suitable for：适合于……的。故填whose content is not suitable for children。

3. 在我的城市，每年都有政府赞助的烟火表演。(sponsor)

In my city, there is an annual firework show___________________________.

【答案】sponsored by the government

【解析】考查非谓语。该句is为谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，show和sponsor为逻辑动宾关系，应填过去分词短语。故填sponsored by the government。

4. 生命就像一次长跑，在此过程中，我们通过与他人的竞争来超越自我。（compete）

Life is like a long race ______________________________________________.

【答案】where we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves

【解析】考查定语从句和动词短语。该句谓语为is，race为先行词，compete with/against sb与某人竞争。故填where we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves。

5. 他过去常常打牌，但现在他习惯于晚饭后散步。（used）

He ______________, but now he is used to taking a walk after supper.

【答案】used to play cards

【解析】考查动词用法。used to do sth.：过去常常做某事。故填used to play cards。

三、 阅读理解

 The cola wars became a cultural phenomenon. Credit for that goes to Donald Kendall, PepsiCo's brilliant former boss, who died on September 19th aged 99. A gifted salesman, he rose quickly through the ranks from his start on the bottling line to become the firm’s top sales and marketing executive at the young age of 35.

Seven years later he was named CEO. In 1974 he invested in the Soviet Union, which allowed Pepsi to become the first Western product to be legally sold behind the iron curtain. By the time he resigned as boss in 1986, PepsiCo’s sales had shot up nearly 40 times, to $7.6 billion. His legacy continues to shape the industry.

Mr. Kendall offered a mix of strategic vision, principled leadership and marketing talent. Two years after taking charge he acquired Frito-Lay, a leading producer of snacks, giving PepsiCo an advantage of diversity that continues to this day. PepsiCo brought in $67 billion last year in sales compared to Coca-Cola’s $37 billion.

But his most famous move was the all-out marketing blitz (闪电战) against Coca-Cola, long the global market leader in non-alcoholic drinks. The two firms had competed for decades, but they mostly fought low-grade battles. Mr. Kendall changed that, by forcing both companies into an advertising arms race. In 1975 Coca-Cola spent around $25 million on advertising and PepsiCo some $18 million. By 1985 those figures had shot up to $72 million and $57 million, respectively. In 1995 Pepsi outspent Coke by $112 million to $82 million.

This was a risky strategy for both cola competitors but it paid off by helping non-alcoholic drinks win a greater “share of throat”. Last year Coca-Cola and PepsiCo remained in the leading position as usual. Also, the cola wars benefited both companies by turning them into “the world’s best marketers”. Today a decades-long addiction to cut-price quantity growth has been replaced by a focus on income and profits.

【语篇导读】

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了百事可乐杰出的前任老板唐纳德•肯德尔利用营销策略，发动可乐大战并取得巨大成功的故事。

1. What was Donald Kendall's first position in PepsiCo?

A. CEO. B. A worker. C. A salesman. D. Marketing executive.

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A gifted salesman, he rose quickly through the ranks from his start on the bottling line to become the firm's top sales and marketing executive at the young age of 35”可知，Donald Kendall作为一名有天赋的推销员，他从装瓶生产线起步，在35岁的时候迅速晋升为公司的销售和营销高管。由此可知，他最一开始是生产线上的一个工人。故选B项。

2. What can we learn about Cola companies from the passage?

A. PepsiCo has always been ahead of Coca-cola in sales.

B. Coca-Cola preferred low-grade battles to marketing wars.

C. Coca-Cola bought a snack firm to enrich its product diversity.

D. PepsiCo spent $ 30 million more than Coca-cola in advertising in 1995.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 1995 Pepsi outspent Coke by $112 million to $ 82 million”可知，1995年百事可乐的支出是1.12亿美元，超过可口可乐是8200万美元。由此推知，百事可乐在1995年在广告上的花费比可口可乐多30万美元。outspend意为“开支比……更大，花费超过……”。故选D。

3. Why does the author list the figures in the fourth paragraph?

A. To prove the success of both Cola companies in advertising products.

B. To suggest both Cola companies spent too much money in advertising.

C. To describe how PepsiCo got ahead of Coca-Cola in the fierce marketing wars.

D. To confirm marketing wars between the Cola companies were a wise move.

【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。第四段中所列举这些数字就是为了说明两家公司为了获取市场，在广告方面的激烈竞争。结合选项，C选项表达此意。故选C项。

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Donald Kendall was to blame for the cola cultural phenomenon.

B. Donald Kendall was the most successful boss in PepsiCo history.

C. Donald Kendall started the cola blitz wars and achieved great success.

D. Donald Kendall's marketing strategies benefited both Cola companies.

【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意题。第一段提到：可乐大战成为了一种文化现象。这要归功于唐纳德·肯德尔。二段主要介绍了Donald Kendall对百事可乐公司的巨大贡献。第三段主要介绍肯德尔收购了零食生产商菲多利，使百事可乐公司占据优势。第四段主要介绍肯德尔的全面的营销策略，这使得百事可乐和可口可乐两家公司进入激烈的广告战。最后一段介绍了肯德尔发起的可乐大战带来的影响。因此整篇文章主要介绍了肯德尔发动可乐大战，并获得巨大成功的过程。C选项切题。故选C项。

四、七选五

Newton’s law of motion (运动定律), where every action has a reaction, is appropriate not just to physics.   1.  from the value of products and prices of produces to customer choices, advertising affects society and plays an important role in increasing business sales.

  2.  When companies use advertising, sales increase, according to Marcel Bleustein-Blanchet, founder of a French advertising company. The increase in business sales also promotes the quality of life for consumers. Basically, advertising causes a chain reaction that increases the economy of the area where the product or service ad is.

  3.  In the minds of consumers, advertising can add value to a product. The image or brand that advertising helps to create becomes a part of the product, which is what makes one product brand more valuable than the competitors. This is why a consumer may be willing to pay a higher price for a name brand product rather than buy a brand they are not familiar with at a lower cost.

Pricing.   4.  It spurs(促进) a sense of competition. When one company advertises a product for its price, its competitors want to stay competitive. Then they may lower their prices to meet the competition.

Consumer choice. Advertising also has an influence on businesses because it leads to the creation of new products and improvement of existing products to meet consumers' needs.   5. However, when advertising introduces a new product that is better than the existing one. market share can quickly shift to the company offering the newly-advertised product.

A. Product value.

B. Product quantity.

C. Economic influence.

D. Advertising can be a form of price control.

E. An increase in competition has effects on the market.

F. One company may possess a larger share of the market for a time.

G. It is also true that advertising causes reactions that occur in society and business.

【语篇导读】

这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍牛顿运动定律，每一个作用力都有一个反作用力引出本文话题——广告的效应。

【答案及解析】

1. G根据前文"Newton's law of motion（运动定律）.where every action has a reaction， is appropriate not just to physics牛顿运动定律，每一个作用力都有一个反作用力，这不仅适用于物理学".及下一句（广告影响社会，在增加企业销售中起着重要的作用。）可知选项G"广告引起社会和商业上的反应也是事实"衔接上下文。故选G项。

2. C本段主要讲述了广告会增加销售额，商业销售的增长也提高了消费者的生活质量。尤其是根据下文Basically, advertising causes a chain reaction that increases the economy of the area where the product or service ad is. 广告会引起连锁反应，增加产品或服务广告所在地区的经济。"可知，本段的主题句应是"经济影响"。故选C项。

3. A本段主要介绍了广告可以增加产品的价值以及广告的好处，尤其是"In the minds of consumers, advertising can add value to a product在消费者的心目中，广告可以增加产品的价值"可知，本段的中心句应为"产品价值"。故选A项。

4. D根据上文的Pricing（定价）及下文的It spurs（促进）a sense of competition. When one company advertises a product for its price, its competitors want to stay competitive. Then they may lower their prices to meet the competition.这激发了竞争意识，当一家公司为其产品做广告时，其竞争对手想要保持竞争力。然后他们可以降低价格以应对竞争。可知，此处应填"广告可以是控制价格的一种形式"。故选D项。

5. F根据下文的However, when advertising introduces a new product that is better than the existing one. market share can quickly shift to the company offering the newly-advertised product. 当广告引入一个比现有产品更好的新产品时。市场份额可以迅速转移到提供新广告产品的公司。可知，选项F"一家公司可能一次占有更大的市场份额"与下文衔接，故选F项。

五、完形填空

To advertise effectively today, you must abandon the old -school idea of reaching the masses. All advertising is local and personal. The key to effective advertising today is to focus on the    1   .

Some are the    2    ways every advertiser could work out. You can print a specific offer of your goods or service on door- hangers and place them on doorknobs in your area. Door-hangers on doorknobs will produce results in direct    3    about the strength of your offer. If you need to reach the drivers, flyers(宣传单) under windshield wipers may have better effect than door-hangers. Imagine, how    4    if you hire someone to be a walking ad or launch a T-shirt advertising,    5   , you can print your products on T-shirts of your    6   . In the early 1970s “Hamp Baker Says Drive with Care” was spray-painted on cars, which was a public service ad. Ever since, spray-painted sign has become more and more    7   .

More grand ways are as follows: virtual showroom. Build a website to    8    virtual showroom. Use it when people call to ask    9    about your company, your products or your. services. Also you can even use an old slide projector to put on a nighttime show. They’re    10    effective, and in the long run, cheap. Nothing is quite as powerful as a public    11    that seizes public attention. You can invite a band to give a performance.    12   , you can hire famous models to show it vividly.

Nothing screams “expert” quite as loudly as a book written about a subject. You simply can’t    13    the power of your name on the cover of a book. You might only sell a few copies online, but the copies you give away in your town will make you a fortune. You won’t make money on the book. You’ll make it because of the book.

Of course, word-of-mouth is the best way to promote your    14   . Friends and past customers recommend your products to their family, friends and colleagues. Word-of-mouth works because the    15    is based on previous positive experiences.

【语篇导读】

这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了要想在今天有效地做广告，你必须放弃触及大众的老派思想，今天有效的广告的关键是关注个人，并提出了一些有效的广告方式。

1. A. quantity B. product C. individual D. style

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文All advertising is local and personal.可知此处表示关注个人。句意：今天有效的广告的关键是关注个人。A. quantity总量，数量；B. product产物，产品；C. individual个人；D. style风格。故选C项。

2. A. peculiar B. common C. amusing D. imaginary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据该句定语从句every advertiser could work out可知此处表示常见的方法。该句句意：有些是每个广告客户都能想到的常见方法。A. peculiar独特的，特殊的；B. common通常的，共同的；C. amusing有趣的，好玩的；D. imaginary虚构的，假想的。故选B项。

3. A. description B. decision C. discussion D. permission

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据about the strength of your offer可知此处表示把提供的东西的优点直接地展现出来。该句句意：环形门环的门吊架会把你提供的东西的优点直接地展现出来。A. description描述，描写；B. decision决定，决心；C. discussion讨论；D. permission允许，许可。故选A项。

4. A. astonishing B. funny C. impressive D. inevitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据if you hire someone to be a walking ad or launch a T-shirt advertising可知如果你能这样做的话，会令人印象深刻。该句句意：想象一下，如果你雇一个人来做走动广告或推出一款T恤广告，你会给人留下多么深刻的印象…A. astonishing惊人的；B. funny有趣的，好笑的；C. impressive感人的，令人印象深刻的；D. inevitable必然的，不可避免的。故选C项。

5. A. that is B. at the same time C. as a result D. on the other hand

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语词义辨析。根据you can print your products on T-shirts of your…是对上文内容意思的说明，只是语意转化，因此要用that is。该句句意：想象一下，如果你雇一个人来做走动广告或推出一款T恤广告，你会给人留下多么深刻的印象，也就是说，你可以把你的产品印在员工的T恤上。A. that is就是说，换言之；B. at the same time同时，然而；C. as a result结果是；D. on the other hand另一方面。故选A项。

6. A. officials B. employers C. consumers D. employees

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文if you hire someone可知此处表示员工。该句句意：想象一下，如果你雇一个人来做走动广告或推出一款T恤广告，你会给人留下多么深刻的印象，也就是说，你可以把你的产品印在员工的T恤上。A. officials裁判，官员；B. employers雇主；C. consumers消费者；D. employees员工。故选D项。

7. A. expensive B. permanent C. popular D. comfortable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据Ever since和has become more and more可知此处表示从那时起喷漆标志变得越来越流行。该句句意：从那时起，喷漆标志变得越来越流行。A. expensive昂贵的；B. permanent永久的；C. popular受欢迎的，流行的；D. comfortable舒适的，舒服的。故选C项。

8. A. refer to B. serve as C. stand for D. pick up

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。根据Build a website to可知此处表示建立一个网站的目的。该句句意：建立一个网站作为虚拟的“展厅”。A. refer to参考，涉及；B. serve as作为，担任；C. stand for代表，象征；D. pick up捡起，收拾。故选B项。

9. A. locations B. tips C. salaries D. details

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据about your company, your products or your services.可知是询问细节。该句句意：当人们打电话来询问有关你的公司、产品或服务的细节时，就可以使用它。A. locations地点；B. tips秘诀，技巧；C. salaries工资；D. details细节。故选D项。

10. A. unbelievably B. consequently C. accidentally D. occasionally

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据该句and in the long run, cheap，and连接并列语意和结构可知，此处表示他们的效果是难以置信的有效。该句句意：他们是难以置信的有效，从长远来看，便宜。A. unbelievably难以置信地；B. consequently因此；C. accidentally意外地；D. occasionally偶尔，间或。故选A项。

11. A. speech B. contest C. debate D. performance

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文You can invite a band to give a performance.可知此处指表演。该句句意：没有什么比一场公众表演更能吸引公众的注意力了。A. speech演讲，讲话；B. contest比赛，竞赛；C. debate辩论；D. performance表演，执行。故选D项。

12. A. For example B. Moreover C. However D. To be exact

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据You can invite a band to give a performance.和you can hire famous models to show it vividly.之间是进一步补充的关系，因此要用表示补充的并列词。该句句意：此外，你可以聘请一些著名的模特来生动地展示它。A. For example例如。举例；B. Moreover而且；C. However然而，可是；D. To be exact确切地说。故选B项。

13. A. create B. guess C. imagine D. protest

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文but the copies you give away in your town will make you a fortune.可知，此处表示无法想象。该句句意：你简直无法想象你的名字印在书的封面上的力量。A. create创造；B. guess猜测；C. imagine想象；D. protest抗议，反对。故选C项。

14. A. manufacture B. reflection C. comment D. business

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据to promote和下文Friends and past customers recommend your products to their family, friends and colleagues.可知口碑是推动生意的最佳方式。该句句意：当然，口碑是推动生意的最佳方式。A. manufacture制造，加工，产品；B. reflection反映，反思；C. comment评论；D. business生意，商业。故选D项。

15. A. information B. relationship C. pronunciation D. achievement

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据该句的主句Word-of-mouth works可知，能口口相传的是信息，所以该句句意：口口相传之所以有效，是因为这些信息是基于先前的积极经验。A. information信息；B. relationship关系；C. pronunciation发音，读法；D. achievement成就。根据is based on previous positive experiences可知此处表示信息。故选A项。