高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures同步测试题

Unit 4 Section III 课时训练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．As we all know，QianXuesen is a famous ________(物理学家)．

答案：physicist

2．In the wild，this fish can reach a ________(重量)of 5 kilos.

答案：weight

3．His sister is studying ________(生物学)at college.

答案：biology

4．Do you know the name of the ________(卫星)?

答案：satellite

5．The young man knows little about Newton’s Law of ________(万有引力)．

答案：Gravity

Ⅱ.短语填空

get close to，make a trip，get the hang of，watch out，break out

1．I am surprised that a quarrel ________________ between the two neighbours because they used to be close friends.

答案：broke out

2．Do __________ while you are crossing the street.

答案：watch out

3．After two months’studying，I finally ________ driving.

答案：got the hang of

4．Last month I ________________ to Wuhan and learned a lot，which was very helpful.

答案：made a trip

5．As everybody knows，walking in the outside can help us to ________________ nature.

答案：get close to

Ⅲ.单项填空

1．When the fire ________，the people in the building lost their head and ran in all directions.

A．broke in　　　　　　　 B．broke away

C．broke out  D．broke down

解析：句意：当火灾发生时，楼里的人们吓坏了，四处逃窜。break in“破门而入”；break away“挣脱”；break out“爆发”；break down“抛锚，垮掉”。

答案：C

2．—I’m thinking of the test tomorrow.I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.

   —________！I’m sure you’ll make it.

A．Go ahead  B．Good luck

C．No problem  D．Cheer up

解析：句意：——我正在想明天的考试。恐怕这次我过不了关。——振作点！我相信你一定能行。Go ahead！“干吧！”Good luck！“祝你好运！”No problem！“没问题！”Cheer up！“振作点！”

答案：D

3．________ I’ve heard the music，I understand why you like it.

A．Unless  B．Even though

C．Now that  D．In case

解析：句意：既然我听了这音乐，我就明白你为什么喜欢它了。unless除非；even though即使；now that既然；in case万一。

答案：C

4．The old photo called up my memory of the small forest during my childhood，through which ________ a clean stream.

A．floated  B．flowed

C．flooded  D．flew

解析：句意：这张老照片让我想起了童年的小树林，一条清澈的小溪在其中流淌。float飘；flow流淌；flood发洪水；flew是fly的过去式。

答案：B

5．—Why don’t you like your job?

   —It’s always being ________ by my director.

A．watched at  B．watched out

C．watched over  D．watched on

解析：watch over“监视；监督”。句意：——你为什么不喜欢你的工作？——总是被我的领导监督。watch不和at，on连用；watch out“当心；提防”。

答案：C

6．—What’s the ________ like when you were in Shanghai that day?

   —It was sunny，and you know the ________ there is warm and wet all year round.

A．climate；weather  B．weather；climate

C．climate；climate  D．weather；weather

解析：weather指的是短期的、具体某一天的天气。climate指的是长期的天气特征，意为“气候”。第一空问的是具体那天的天气，第二空是说上海一年到头的气候。故选B项。

答案：B

7．They set down the curtain to ________ the sunshine.

A．block out  B．block up

C．block in  D．block off

解析：block out意为“遮住(光线)”；block up意为“塞住”；block in意为“画出某物的草图，筹划”；block off意为“封锁”。根据句意应选A项。

答案：A

8．Ann’s ill，but with careful nursing she will ______ soon.

A．put on  B．get over

C．pull through  D．carry out

解析：句意：安生病了，但是在精心的护理下，她很快会恢复健康。put on“穿上”；get over“克服”；pull through“恢复健康”；carry out“执行”。

答案：C

9．—Do you feel like going on picnic this weekend?

   —________.I was thinking about how to relax myself.

A．I believe not  B．Not really

C．I couldn’t agree more  D．What a pity

解析：句意：——本周末你想去野餐吗？——我非常同意，我正想着怎样放松一下呢。“I couldn’t agree more.”“我很赞同。”

答案：C

10．Robert is interested in ________ astronomy and he wishes he could make a trip into ________ space one day.

A．the；the  B．an；the

C．an；\                                 D. \；\

解析：句意：罗伯特对天文学感兴趣，他希望能有一天去太空旅行。学科名词前不加冠词；space，nature这类词前也不加冠词。

答案：D

11．He speaks English well indeed，but of course not ________ a native speaker.

A．as fluent as  B．more fluent than

C．as fluently as  D．much fluently than

解析：由句意及句子结构可知，此处应用副词fluently修饰动词speak。表示“不如……那样流利”，应用“not as/so...as”。故答案为C项。

答案：C

12．(2011陕西高考)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ________ the present one.

A．as three times big as

B．three times as big as

C．as big as three times

D．as big three times as

解析：该题考查“倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as”结构，因此选B项。

答案：B

13．She spent the whole afternoon ________ on her back in the pool.

A．floating  B．winding

C．tricking  D．escaping

解析：句意：她整个下午都仰面浮在水池里。float“(在水中)漂浮”，符合句意。wind“蜿蜒；缠绕”；trick“诱导”；escape“逃跑”。

答案：A

14．She was always ________ with the children in the kindergarten，never hitting nor scolding them.

A．careful  B．calm

C．strict  D．gentle

解析：句意：她对幼儿园的孩子总是很温和，从来不打不骂。gentle“温和的，温柔的”，符合句意。careful“仔细的，认真的；细心的”；calm“心情平静的；风平浪静的”；strict“严厉的；严格的”。

答案：D

15．The branch came down with a ________.

A．panic  B．crash

C．dash  D．drop

解析：句意：树枝啪啦一声掉了下来。crash“(东西倒下、坠落、打破等时发出的)碰撞声”，符合句意。panic“惊恐”；dash“猛冲”；drop“坠落”。

答案：B

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

If man were to disappear from the face of the Earth today，his footprint on the planet would remain for a very short time in geological terms.

Within hours，nature would begin to eradicate(根除)its impact.In 50,000 years all that would remain would be archaeological traces.Only radioactive materials and a few man­made chemical pollutants would last longer.

Modern human beings have managed just 150,000 years on Earth，and by contrast，the dinosaurs populated the planet for 165 million years.

Man’s environmental footprint would，according to a report in New Scientist，begin to weaken almost immediately，with light pollution the first to go as power stations stopped to provide energy.

By tomorrow，street lights and house lights left on by their former occupants(居住者)would start to go out.Streets and cultivated fields would be the next to go.Within 20 years village streets and rural roads would have vanished under a cover of weeds；fields would be overgrown within months.Urban streets would take a little longer，but even in huge man­made cities，such as London and Birmingham，plants would have taken over in about 50 years.

Buildings would decay rapidly.Wooden structures would collapse first，attacked by all kinds of insects.All such homes would be gone in a century.Glass and steel buildings in cities would mostly fall down within 200 years.Brick，stone and concrete structures would last longer.With exceptions—the pyramids are already 5,000 years old—by the next millennium(一千年)there would be little more left than ruins.

Wildlife would thrive in the absence of Man.Most of the 15,589 threatened species will begin to recover immediately towards historical populations.Carbon dioxide emissions(排放)would continue to cause climate change for another 100 years，but after 1,000 years all would be back to pre­industrial levels，with all man­made traces vanishing in 20,000 years.

If,50,000 years hence，an alien archaeologist were to land on an Earth without man，it might be quite frustrated by the paucity(极少量)of evidence that we were here at all.

语篇解读：科学家们作了一个大胆的设想：人类消失后，地球将会是什么样子。

1．Judged from geological terms，the history of modern humans ________.

A．is rather short

B．will last forever

C．is not important at all

D．can hardly affect the planet

解析：细节理解题。第三段说，现代人在地球上只存在了15万年，而恐龙在这个星球上生存了长达1.65亿年。故选A项。从文中所述事实来看，二氧化碳的排放会继续影响气候变化，放射性物质即使在人类消失多年后还会存在，很多物种受到生存威胁，这一切都能说明人类的历史对地球的影响还是很大的。故不选D项。

答案：A

2．The underlined word“vanished”can be replaced by “________”．

A．destroyed  B．disappeared

C．crashed  D．loosened

解析：词义猜测题。从under a cover of weeds(在野草的覆盖之下)来看，“不出20年，乡村街道和公路就会消失在覆盖的野草之下”。本文讲人类消失后地球会是什么样，这一词在后文亦出现：but after 1,000 years all would be back to pre­industrial levels，with all man­made traces vanishing in 20,000 years。

答案：B

3．Which of the following would last longest if man disappeared from the Earth?

A．Light pollution.  B．Steel buildings.

C．City streets.  D．Radioactive materials.

解析：推理判断题。第四段说，首先消失的是光污染。第五段说，像伦敦和伯明翰这样大城市的街道大约50年后，也会被植物占领。第六段说玻璃和钢结构建筑大多也会在200年之内倒塌。第二段说，五万年后，人类留下的就只有一些考古遗迹了，只有放射性物质和一些人为制造的化学污染物会继续存在一段时间。由此综合比较，可推知答案为D项。

答案：D

4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A．most buildings on Earth are not strongly constructed

B．aliens would rule the Earth after the disappearance of man

C．human activities are the main cause of endangered species

D．pollution happened before the beginning of industrialization

解析：推理判断题。倒数第二段说，人类消失后，地球会变成野生动植物的天堂。15,589种受到威胁的物种的大部分会立即开始复苏，逐渐恢复到原有的数量。由此可推知C项正确。

答案：C

B

From the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations，human beings have achieved many successes.But there are still numerous tasks in front of us and we should not stop trying to progress.

The international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration.It is not only helpful but also essential.It provides a proper space environment for many experiments that we have wanted to do a long time.It is also a base for observing the earth and the universe.It could also be an important base for later travel to the Moon and Mars.In a word，if we want to explore space more，the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.

As the space station costs a lot of money，it is hard for one country alone to establish one.The USA seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone，and it has tried to do so，but not very successful.So it aggregated many other countries to work on it together.Though it is still extremely expensive，it is much cheaper than doing it alone.It is really a job that needs everyone’s effort and will benefit everyone.

But even so，the funds needed are still a big problem.As for the USA，it seems that it has too many things to spend its money on.Although it is the richest country in the world，it has much debt every year.It has to make arrangements about its finance，and try to find a balance in all these issues.

5．What is the author’s attitude towards building and developing the international space station?

A．Supportive.  B．Doubtful.

C．Critical.  D．Dissatisfied.

解析：推理判断题。纵览全文不难看出，如果人类要想进一步探索太空并且惠及自己的话就要建造空间站，因此我们可以推测作者对建立空间站是持支持态度的(supportive)。

答案：A

6．From Paragraph 2 we learn that ________.

A．the necessity of building the international space station is not realized now

B．many experiments have been done in the international space station

C．the international space station is necessary for people to explore space more

D．people have traveled to Mars from the international space station

解析：细节理解题。由第二段的最后一句话可知，人类要想进一步探索太空的话，就要建造空间站，故C项正确。其余三项所述与文章信息不符。

答案：C

7．Which of the following is NOT a reason for countries’cooperation in building the international space station?

A．It requires a lot of money.

B．It needs everyone’s effort.

C．It will benefit every participating country.

D．It is too far away from the earth.

解析：细节理解题。A、B、C三项所述均与文章第三段的文意相符，而D项所述文中无信息依据。

    答案：D

    8. The underlined word"aggregated"in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by

    A. united                              B. scolded

    C. allowed                             D. forbade

    解析：词义猜测题.该词前面的内容是:建造空间站要花很多钱，一个国家很难自己来

独立承担此事.美国似乎是唯一一个能够这么做的国家，但是也并不成功，再由该词后的内

容可知，许多国家联合起来做这件事就容易得多，并丑惠及每个参入国.因此据此推测该词

意思为“联合”(united).

    答案：A