高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures优秀精练

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【学习目标】
1. T get the infrmatin abut a city that has diverse cultures, figure ut the main structure f the passage by classifying and rganising the key infrmatin, and vice pinins abut its benefits and challenges f cultural diversity
2. T use the wrds and phrases frm the passage crrectly
课前预学区
【学习过程】
Step 1: 自主学习
任务一：自学课本unit 3的词汇与短语。
要求：根据录音及单词音标，首先会读单词接着边读边写记单词，注意中英文的转换，最后默写单词。
Step 2: 单词自学检测
一、基础词汇记其形
__________________ adj.不同的:多种多样的
2.___________________ n.机会:气
3. __________________ vt.适合;满需要;相配;合身n.西服;套装
_______________ n.项目; -件商品(或物品);一条(新闻)
_______________ vt.包含;含有;容纳
_______________ adj.极好的;整洁的;整齐的
________________ n.气候
8._______________ adj.具有民族特色的:异国风味的:民族的:种族的
9. ____________ vi.&vt 承认vt.准许进入(或加入)
10.____________ adv.肯定;确实
11.____________ vi.发生:出现
12.____________ adv.在市中心:往市中心
13.____________ n.传教(区);重要任务;使命
14.____________ n.地区;区域
15.____________ n. [pl]涂鸦;胡写乱画
【答案】
1.diverse adj.不同的:多种多样的
2.frtune n.机会:气
3. suit vt.适合;满需要;相配;合身n.西服;套装
item n.项目; -件商品(或物品);一条(新闻)
cntain vt.包含;含有;容纳
neat adj.极好的;整洁的;整齐的
climate n.气候
8.ethnic adj.具有民族特色的:异国风味的:民族的:种族的
9.admit vi.&vt 承认vt.准许进入(或加入)
10.definitely adv.肯定;确实
11.ccur vi.发生:出现
12.dwntwn adv.在市中心:往市中心
13.missin n.传教(区);重要任务;使命
14.district n.地区;区域
15.graffiti n. [pl]涂鸦;胡写乱画
二.语块记诵关(先填后记诵)
1. _____________________________. 适合做某事
2._____________________________仅举几例
3._____________________________ 幸运地做某事
4._____________________________ 据称……
5. _____________________________. 承认(做过)某事
6._____________________________系列或一连串(事件)
7. _____________________________碰运气
8. _____________________________被录取，被允许进入……
9. _____________________________寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
10. _____________________________.朝前进;向去
11. _____________________________谋生
12. _____________________________导致
13. _____________________________第一手资料
14._____________________________ 某人突然想起……
15. _____________________________ 安居下来；使平静下来
【答案】
1. be suitable t d sth. 适合做某事
2. t name but a few仅举几例
3. be frtunate t d sth./in ding sth. 幸运地做某事
4. It is claimed that... 据称……
5. admit(ding/having dne) sth. 承认(做过)某事
6. series f系列或一连串(事件)
7. try ne’s frtune 碰运气
8. be admitted t/int... 被录取，被允许进入……
9. seek ne's frtune寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
10. head t .朝前进;向去
11. earn a living谋生
12. bring abut导致
13. first hand第一手资料
14. It ccurs t /strikes/hits 某人突然想起……
15. settle dwn 安居下来；使平静下来
课中导学区
Step 1 Lead-in
What d yu knw and want t knw abut San Francisc?
Step 2. Reading
Activity 1:1 What type f writing is it?
2 What des Li Lan mainly tell us in the passage?
Answers:
1 It’s a travel jurnal.
2 She mainly tells us her travel experiences and feelings in San Francisc.
Activity 2: Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.The authr was back in San Francisc again and felt very gd.
Para.2 B. The authr wuld g t a jazz bar.
Para.3 C. The authr chse a Cantnese
restaurant t have a meal in China twn.
Para.4 D. The authr visited a lcal museum which
shwed the histrical changes in Califrnia.
Para.5 E.The authr intrduced the Missin District and tld us what she had dne there.
Activity 3: Analyse the structure f the passage and the main idea f each part.
Activity 4: Answer the questins using infrmatin frm the travel jurnal.
1.What impressed the writer first abut San Francisc?
2.What is s special abut the Missin District?
3.Why did Chinese immigrants g t San Francisc?
4.What examples f ethnic diversity can yu find in the jurnal?
5.What d yu think is Li Lan’s impressin f San Francisc?
Answers:
1 The beautiful ld buildings, many sitting n tp f big hills.
2 The Missin District is a vibrant, histrical area full f culture and life.
3 T seek their frtune in the gld rush.
4 The Missin District which is full f peple frm Mexic r Central America; Mexican-Chinese ndles frm a fd truck; Chinatwn.
5 She believes that peple frm diverse ethnic backgrunds have an influence n what the city is like nw and therefre cultural diversity shws in many aspects f the city.
Activity 5: Did Li Lan enjy her trip in San Francisc? Can yu find sme evidence t supprt yur idea?
Activity 6: Discuss these questins in grups.
1. Have yu ever been t a place that has a diverse culture? What d yu think brught abut the cultural diversity?
2. What are the benefits and challenges f cultural diversity?
课后思学区
一、语法填空
1．Apart that, there were all srts f disasters.
2．It suddenly (ccur) t me that I had left the dr unlcked.
3．They (seek) ut a shady spt where they might sit dwn and rest.
4．With effrt, the cmpany can (definite) imprve custmer satisfactin and reduce csts.
5．Our gvernment advcates shwing respect fr the custms f the (minr).
6．As was expected, the rphan frm the disaster-hit area (admit) int Peking University last year.
7．He escaped (punish)because he was absent yesterday.
8．One f their (missin) is t lk fr sme rare species f plants in this frest.
9． (frtune), when he went travelling abrad, he had his wallet stlen.
10．We seek (find) a way t make us get alng with the peple arund us.
语法填空
I have just cme back t San Francisc after 11 (camp) in the Redwd Frest and visiting the wine cuntry f Napa Valley. It 12 (definite) feels gd t be back in the city again. There are many beautiful ld 13 (build) n tp f big hills, ffering great views f the city.
My htel is in the Missin District, which is ne f the 14 (ld) parts f the city. An art mvement 15 (call) the “Missin Schl” started here, 16 is influenced by graffiti art and cmic art . I walked arund lking at the street art 17 then ate sme delicius Mexican-Chinese ndles. A real mix f cultures here!
I paid a visit t a lcal museum that shwed the histrical changes in Califrnia. America gt Califrnia frm Mexic in 1848. When gld 18 (discver) near San Francisc, peple frm all ver the wrld rushed there 19 (seek) their frtune, including many Chinese. The museum shws hw America was built by immigrants 20 different cuntries and cultures.
二、阅读理解
The Mst Ppulus Cities in the Wrld
The cities listed belw are the mst ppulus (人口稠密的) in the wrld, accrding t a 2018 U. N. reprt.
Tky, Japan
Ppulatin in Urban Area: 37,340,000
Ppulatin in City Area: 13,960,000
Tky is the mst ppulated city in the wrld and the largest “Megacity” in the wrld.
The city called the “Capital f the East” is lcated n the eastern cast f the Japanese main island f Hnshu.
Delhi, India
Ppulatin in Urban Area: 31,181,000
Ppulatin in City Area: 20,591,874
Delhi, als knwn as the Natinal Capital Territry f India is the largest city in the cuntry. Accrding t a U. N. reprt, the Indian capital is expected t be the spt f the wrld’s secnd mst ppulus city thrugh at least 2030.
Shanghai, China
Ppulatin in Urban Area: 27,796,000
Ppulatin in City Area: 22,315,474
This is China’s mst ppulated and als wealthiest city. Situated in the Yangtze River Delta, in eastern China, it has a huge business district, tw large airprts (Pudng and Hngqia) and the wrld’s fastest train (the Shanghai Maglev).
Sa Paul, Brazil
Ppulatin in Urban Area: 22,043,028
Ppulatin in City Area: 10,021,295
This busy metrplis (大都市) in sutheast Brazil, is the largest city f the Suthern Hemisphere (半球) and the largest Prtuguese-speaking city in the wrld.
21．Hw many peple are there in City Area f Delhi?
A．10,021,295.B．20,591,874.C．22,315,474.D．13,960,000.
22．Which f the fllwing cities is the richest in its cuntry?
A．Tky, Japan.B．Delhi, India.C．Shanghai, China.D．Sa Paul, Brazil.
23．What d the listed cities have in cmmn?
A．They belng t the same hemisphere.
B．They are the largest cities in their cuntries.
C．They all have a larger ppulatin in their cuntries.
D．They are all the richest in their wn cuntries.
Often a nickname is a shrtened frm f a persn’s name and it can als be a descriptive name fr a place. Many American cities have nicknames. They can help build up an identity, spread pride amng citizens and build their unity.
Ls Angeles has several nicknames. One is simply the city’s initials, L. A．It is als called the City f Angels because Ls Angeles means “the angels” in Spanish. Ls Angeles ften has warm, sunny weather, s anther nickname is the City f Flwers and Sunshine. Ls Angeles is smetimes called the Big Orange because f the fruit that grws in that city’s warm climate.
The American mvie industries are based in Ls Angeles. S it is nt surprising that it is called the Entertainment Capital f the Wrld. Many films are made in Hllywd. Millins f peple visit the area. N trip t Ls Angeles is perfect withut seeing the wrd “Hllywd” spelled ut in huge letters n a hillside. Many mvie stars live here. The city is smetimes called Tinseltwn. It cmes frm the shiny, bright and ften unreal nature f Hllywd and the mvie industry.
Anther nickname fr Ls Angeles is La-la Land, using the first letters f Ls and Angeles. This means a place that is fun and nt serius and maybe even ut f tuch with reality. A gd place fr watching unusual-lking peple is Venice. A system f waterways designed after the Italian city f Venice has been built there. Many peple lve Ls Angeles fr its warm weather, beautiful muntains and beaches and mvie stars.
On the whle, Ls Angeles is glwingly attractive just fr its rich nicknames.
24．What is the functin f a nickname f a place?
A．T make it attractive.B．T make its name easy t remember.
C．T make its citizens prud f it.D．T make it cnnected t ther cities.
25．Why is Ls Angeles called the City f Flwers and Sunshine?
A．Because f the fruit grwing there.
B．Because f the nice weather there.
C．Because f the language used there.
D．Because f the flwers grwing there.
26．Which f the fllwing can best replace the underlined sentence?
A．Missing the wrd “Hllywd” means yu haven’t been t Ls Angeles.
B．Seeing the letters “Hllywd” means yu’ve been really t Ls Angeles.
C．If yu visit Ls Angeles, yu shuld first pay a visit t the wrd “Hllywd”.
D．Yur trip t Ls Angeles is nt cmplete if yu miss the big letters “Hllywd”.
27．What can we learn frm the text?
A．Ls Angeles has five nicknames.
B．Ls Angeles was built after Venice.
C．Hllywd is the mst famus place in Ls Angeles.
D．Each nickname reflects ne f Ls Angeles’ characters.
参考答案：
1．frm
【详解】考查介词。句意：除此之外，还有各种各样的灾难。apart frm“除了”为固定短语，符合句意，故填frm、
2．ccurred
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我突然想起来我没有锁门。根据从句中的had left可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，且ccur表示的动作发生在had left之后，所以应用一般过去时。it ccurs/ccurred t sb. that...为固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”。故填ccurred。
3．sught
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：他们找到了一块可以坐下来休息的阴凉的地方。结合句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填sught。
4．definitely
【详解】考查副词。句意：通过努力，公司一定可以提高客户满意度，降低成本。修饰动词imprve应用副词definitely，作状语。故填definitely。
5．minrities
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的政府提倡尊重少数民族的风俗习惯。此处应用名词作宾语，the minrities固定用法，意为“少数民族”，故填minrities。
6．was admitted
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：不出所料，这位来自灾区的孤儿去年考入了北京大学。动词admit和主语the rphan之间是被动关系，根据时间状语last year可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是the rphan，为单数，be动词应用was，故填was admitted。
7．being punished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为昨天缺席，他没有受到惩罚。escape ding sth.表示“避免做某事”，此处表示“被惩罚”，故使用动名词的被动结构。故填being punished。
8．missins
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们的使命之一是在这片森林中寻找一些稀有的植物。根据空格前的代词their可知，空格处应填名词作主语，missin意为“使命”为可数名词，根据动词is 可知，此处为ne f+名词的复数形式作主语。故填missins。
9．Unfrtunately
【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，他在国外旅行时钱包被偷了。根据句意可知，钱包被偷是不幸的事，且应用副词修饰主句。故填Unfrtunately。
10．t find
【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们试图找到一种方法，让我们与我们周围的人相处。短语seek t d，意为“试图做某事”，一般用不定式作宾语，故填t find。
11．camping 12．definitely 13．buildings 14．ldest 15．called 16．which 17．and 18．was discvered 19．t seek 20．frm
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回到旧金山参观的经历。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：我刚从红杉林露营并参观葡萄酒之乡纳帕谷回到旧金山。空处作介词after的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填camping。
12．考查副词。句意：再次回到这座城市的感觉真是太好了。所填词修饰动词feels，故应用其副词形式。故填definitely。
13．考查名词复数。句意：在大山上有许多美丽的老建筑，可以看到城市的美景。building是可数名词，根据前面的many可知，所填词应是名词复数。故填buildings。
14．考查形容词最高级。句意：我的酒店在教会区，那是这个城市最古老的地区之一。“ne f the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。故填ldest。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：一场被称为“教会派”的艺术运动在这里开始，受到涂鸦艺术和漫画艺术的影响。mvement与call之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。
16．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，所填词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是mvement，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
17．考查连词。句意：我四处走走，看看街头艺术，然后吃了一些美味的墨西哥中式面条。结合句意可知，walked和ate是并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。
18．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当金矿在旧金山附近被发现时，世界各地的人们涌向那里寻求财富，其中包括许多中国人。主语gld和动词discver之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was discvered。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。rush there t d sth.“匆忙赶到那里去做某事”，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t seek。
20．考查介词。句意：这个博物馆展示了来自不同国家和文化的移民是如何建设美国的。结合句意可知，此处表示“来自……”，用介词frm，故填frm。
21．B 22．C 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个世界上人口最稠密的城市。
21．细节理解题。根据Delhi, India部分“Ppulatin in City Area: 20,591,874 (市区人口：20591 874个)”可知，德里市区人口数为20591874。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据Shanghai, China部分“This is China’s mst ppulated and als wealthiest city. (这是中国人口最多、也是最富有的城市)”可知，上海是中国最富有的城市。故选C项。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The cities listed belw are the mst ppulus (人口稠密的) in the wrld, (以下是世界上人口最稠密的城市)”可知，以下所列举的是世界上人口最稠密的城市，由此推知，这些城市在自己的国家里人口也较多。故选C项。
24．C 25．B 26．D 27．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了洛杉矶的一些绰号的由来与历史。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“They can help build up an identity, spread pride amng citizens and build their unity.(它们可以帮助建立一种身份，在公民中传播自豪感，建立团结)” 可知，一个地方的绰号可以让当地居民感到自豪。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ls Angeles ften has warm, sunny weather, s anther nickname is the City f Flwers and Sunshine.(洛杉矶经常有温暖、阳光明媚的天气，所以另一个绰号是鲜花和阳光之城)” 可知，洛杉矶被称为鲜花和阳光之城是因为洛杉矶经常有温暖、阳光明媚的天气。故选B项。
26．词句猜测题。根据第三段“N trip t Ls Angeles is perfect withut seeing the wrd “Hllywd” spelled ut in huge letters n a hillside.(如果不在山坡上看到用大写字母拼写出来的“好莱坞”一词，任何一次洛杉矶之旅都是不完美的)”可知，如果你错过了“好莱坞”这几个大字，你的洛杉矶之旅就不完整了。故选D项。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“One is simply the city’s initials, L. A. It is als called the City f Angels because Ls Angeles means “the angels” in Spanish. Ls Angeles ften has warm, sunny weather, s anther nickname is the City f Flwers and Sunshine. Ls Angeles is smetimes called the Big Orange because f the fruit that grws in that city’s warm climate.(一个是洛杉矶的首字母缩写L. A.，洛杉矶也被称为天使之城，因为洛杉矶在西班牙语中的意思是“天使”。洛杉矶经常有温暖、阳光明媚的天气，所以另一个绰号是鲜花和阳光之城。洛杉矶有时被称为大橘子，因为这种水果生长在该市温暖的气候中)”、第三段“The American mvie industries are based in Ls Angeles. S it is nt surprising that it is called the Entertainment Capital f the Wrld.(美国电影业总部设在洛杉矶。因此，它被称为世界娱乐之都也就不足为奇了)”以及第四段“Anther nickname fr Ls Angeles is La-la Land, using the first letters f Ls and Angeles. This means a place that is fun and nt serius and maybe even ut f tuch with reality.(洛杉矶的另一个昵称是La La Land，使用Ls和Angeles的首字母。这意味着一个有趣而不严肃的地方，甚至可能脱离现实。”可知，文章中提到的洛杉矶的每个绰号都反映了洛杉矶的一个特点。故选D项。