高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures练习题

Unit 2 Section II 课时训练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The boy lifted the stone with all his______(力量)．

答案：strength

2．It is healthier to keep a______(平衡的)diet every day.

答案：balanced

3．______(好奇心)can make a scientist out of a child.

答案：Curiosity

4．The______(缺点)of the book is the author’s inability to support his argument.

答案：weakness

5．I don’t want any cake.I’m______(减肥)．

答案：slimming

Ⅱ.短语填空

be tired of，be full of，win back，lose weight，get away with

1．The small room______ people who are talking loudly.

答案：is full of

2．He______ his city job and dreams of getting back to the countryside.

答案：is tired of

3．If you are trying hard to______，you ought to take exercise every day.

答案：lose weight

4．Tom had thought he could______punishing，but he was wrong.

答案：get away with

5．Once you lie to others，it’s difficult for you to______their trust in you.

答案：win back

Ⅲ.单项填空

1．The boy ______ on the ground ______that he______ the book on the table.

A．lied；lied；laid　　　　　　 B．lying；lied；laid

C．who lied；lay；lay   D．lying；laid；lay

解析：考查动词词义辨析。由句意“躺在地上的那个男孩撒谎说他把书放在桌子上了。”和词形变化可知B项正确。

答案：B

2．People have always been ______ about exactly how life on earth began.

A．curious   B．excited

C．anxious   D．careful

解析：句意：人们一直对地球上的生命到底是如何产生的很好奇。be curious about“对……好奇；想知道”，符合句意。excited“兴奋的；激动的”；anxious“忧虑的；担心的”；careful“小心的；细心的”。

答案：A

3．To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their ______ and weaknesses.

A．strengths   B．benefits

C．techniques   D．values

解析：考查词义辨析。句意：为了使队员在比赛中表现得更好，教练首先要了解他们的优势和弱势。strength“长处，优势”，符合句意。benefit“利益”；technique“技术”；value“价值”。

答案：A

4．More and more Chinese people have realized that they should go on______ balanced diet and do______ exercise every day.

A．a；不填   B．the；an

C．the；the   D．不填；an

解析：diet与不定冠词连用时，表示某种饮食(结构)。go on a diet为固定搭配，意为“节食”；exercise“体育锻炼”，为不可数名词。do exercise“进行体育锻炼”。故选A项。

答案：A

5．She had learned to ______ working efficiency(效率)with good human relationships.

A．balance  B．improve

C．raise   D．increase

解析：句意：她已经学会平衡工作效率和良好的人际交往之间的关系了。balance sth.with sth.意为“保持……与……的平衡”，是固定搭配，符合句意。improve“改进”；raise“提升；举起”；increase“增加”。

答案：A

6．Though Jenny is the best student in study，she shouldn’t______telling a lie.

A．break away from   B．get away with

C．stay away from    D．come up with

解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管Jenny是成绩最好的学生，但也不能撒了谎而不受惩罚。break away from“摆脱；脱离”：get away with“被放过；(做了坏事)不受惩罚”；stay away from“与……保持距离”；come up with“提出……”。

答案：B

7．Mr.Smith，______ of the ______ speech，started to read a novel.

A．tired；boring  B．tiring；bored

C．tired；bored  D．tiring；boring

解析：be tired of“对……感到厌烦”；boring“乏味的；无聊的”。

答案：A

8．—Would you like some more chicken?

—No，thanks.I am ______ a diet and try to ______weight.

A．on；lose  B．on；put on

C．in；have  D．in；lose

解析：be on a diet“节食”；lose weight“减肥”；put on weight“发福”。

答案：A

9．—His girlfriend deserted him because of his taking drugs.

—He is doing what he could to______ her love.

A．win over  B．win back

C．win through  D．win out

解析：句意：——因为吸毒，他的女朋友离开了他。——他正尽一切可能重新获得她的爱情。win back“重新获得”，符合句意。

答案：B

10．—Good morning.Can I help you?

—I’d like to have this package______.

A．be weighed  B．weighing

C．to weigh   D．weighed

解析：句意：——早上好，请问我能帮您做点什么？——我想称这件包裹的重量。weighed作宾语this package的补足语；have sth.done“请某人做某事”，强调这件事并不是自己动手来完成，而是交由别人来做。

答案：D

11．Just to satisfy my______，how much did you pay for your car?

A．curiosity  B．permission

C．application  D．sadness

解析：句意：我只是出于好奇，请问你买这辆车花了多少钱？curiosity“好奇，好奇心”，符合句意。satisfy one’s curiosity“满足某人的好奇心”。permission“许可；允许”；application“应用；用途；申请”；sadness“悲哀；悲伤”。

答案：A

12．The clothes in this shop will be sold______a discount for season reasons.

A．on  B．with

C．for  D．at

解析：句意：因为换季的原因，这家商店的衣服将打折销售。at a discount为固定搭配，意为“打折，减价”。

答案：D

13．The headmaster won’t have students______cheating in the exam.

A．getting away from  B．getting away with

C．getting down to  D．getting out of

解析：句意：校长决不容许学生们考试作弊却不受惩罚。get away with“逃脱处罚”，符合句意。get away from“从……中离开”；get down to“开始认真处理/对待”；get out of“离开；停止”。

答案：B

14．I always know when he is ______，so I know where he has gone.

A．going through  B．giving in

C．telling lies  D．losing heart

解析：句意：他什么时候说谎我都知道，所以我知道他去哪儿了。tell lies“说谎”，符合句意。go through“经历；经受”；give in“投降；屈服；让步”；lose heart“丧失勇气或信心”。

答案：C

15．(2011大纲全国高考)Mr.Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a______boss.

A．better  B．good

C．best  D．still better

解析：比较级与否定词连用可表示最高级含义。根据“Mr.Stevenson is great to work for”可知，Mr.Stevenson是一个不错的老板，因此“我真的找不到一个比他还好的老板了”，即在我看来他是最好的老板。

答案：A

Ⅳ.完形填空

A lifestyle with six hours of TV a day can cut the lifespan(寿命)by five years.Instead，just 15 minutes of exercise a day can __1__ the lifespan by three years and cut death risks by 14%，research suggests.The __2__ shows that this is the least amount of activity an adult can do to get a(n)__3__body.

15 minutes of exercise a day is about __4__ of the amount suggested in the UK.Stuart Biddle，a university teacher，__5__ that a lot of people in the UK were not willing to do exercise and that they __6__ in front of the computer for a long time every day.In his opinion，doing exercise for 30 minutes a day might seem to be a __7__ for someone，but starting low and building up could be accepted.At the same time，the UK government is considering changing the __8__ suggested—half an hour—into 15 minutes and hopes that the people become healthy.

Doing exercise for 15 minutes a day is a good __9__ to start with for those who do little or no exercise.People who start to do exercise will __10__ a taste of the advantage of doing exercise and will be willing to increase the amount little by little.

More exercise __11__ to a longer life.Doing __12__ exercise for an additional 15 minutes will __13__ all­cause death risks by another 4%.England’s Medical Department Leader Sally said：“Doing exercise every day is __14__ for health and many studies can support what we already know—that is，doing some __15__ each day brings health and a sedentary(久坐的)__16__ carries more risks.”She added：“We hope the studies will help more people __17__ that any form of exercise will do good to health as long as you __18__ it on every day，even though for a short time.”

You can get healthy with a(n)__19__ amount of sports.More is always better，__20__ less is a good point to start with.

语篇解读：生命源于运动，研究显示，每天15分钟的运动能延长三年的寿命并减少14%的死亡率。每天运动的时间越长越有益于身体健康。

1．A.live   B．keep

   C．change  D．increase

解析：“Instead”表示该句与前一句形成逻辑上的对比关系，前一句指出一天看6小时电视的生活方式可能减少5年的寿命，由此可推断出，此处表示延长寿命。

答案：D

2．A.research   B．story

   C．program  D．activity

解析：根据上文“research suggests”可推断出此处意思为这项研究显示。

答案：A

3．A.attractive  B．beautiful

   C．thin  D．healthy

解析：根据下文“any form of exercise will do good to health”可知此处意思为拥有健康的身体。

答案：D

4．A.one­fourth  B．half

   C．two­thirds  D．three­fifths

解析：根据下文“the UK government is considering changing the______suggested—half an hour—into 15 minutes”可知15分钟是英国提倡的运动时间的一半。

答案：B

5．A.answered  B．decided

   C．advised  D．found

解析：根据语境可知Stuart Biddle发现很多英国人不愿做运动。

答案：D

6．A.slept  B．sat

   C．stood  D．ran

解析：根据“in front of the computer”可知此处是坐在电脑前。

答案：B

7．A.prediction  B．challenge

   C．wish  D．chance

解析：根据上文“a lot of people in the UK were not willing to do exercise”可知很多英国人不愿做运动，故可推断出，每天30分钟的运动对一些人来说是一种挑战。

答案：B

8．A.amount  B．way

   C．day  D．place

解析：根据此处的语境“changing the______suggested—half an hour—into 15 minutes”可知此处是将建议的运动量从半小时改为15分钟。

答案：A

9．A.opportunity  B．point

   C．attitude  D．number

解析：根据语境可知，对于那些很少做运动或者从不做运动的人来说，每天15分钟的运动量是一个很好的开端。

答案：B

10．A.choose  B．prefer

    C．expect  D．have

解析：根据语境可知，开始做运动的人将会体会到做运动的好处。

答案：D

11．A.turns  B．takes

    C．leads  D．belongs

解析：上一段指出“People who start to do exercise...will be willing to increase the amount little by little.”且前文指出15分钟的运动可延长3年的寿命，故可推断出更多的运动将会带来更长的寿命。

答案：C

12．A.easy  B．daily

    C．interesting  D．simple

解析：根据下文“Doing exercise every day”可知此处答案。

答案：B

13．A.cut   B．build

    C．create  D．raise

解析：根据上文“cut death risks by 14%”可知，每天做15分钟的运动可能降低14%的死亡率，可推知此处是说每天再多做15分钟运动则可将各种病因导致的死亡风险再减少4%。

答案：A

14．A.enough  B．ready

    C．fit  D．good

解析：根据下文“any form of exercise will do good to health as long as you______it on every day”可知每天做运动有益于健康。

答案：D

15．A.housework  B．shopping

    C．exercise  D．cooking

解析：根据下文“any form of exercise will do good to health”可知此处答案。

答案：C

16．A.risk  B．task

    C．lifestyle  D．part

解析：根据上文“A lifestyle with six hours of TV a day can cut the lifespan by five years.”可推知久坐的生活方式将会带来更多的危险。

答案：C

17．A.receive  B．feel  

    C．realize  D．wonder

解析：根据语境可知此处表示更多的研究将帮助人们认识到只要坚持做，任何运动都有益于健康。

答案：C

18．A.carry   B．take

    C．call  D．push

解析：根据语境可知此处意思为只要坚持做，任何运动都有益于健康。

答案：A

19．A.common  B．small

    C．unusual  D．full

解析：根据上文“even though for a short time”可推断此处意思为少量运动可以使人身体健康。

答案：B

20．A.and   B．or

    C．while  D．therefore

解析：前半句意思为“更多总是好的”，后半句意思为“少量是一个好的开端”，由此可推断，此处表示逻辑上的对比关系。

答案：C

Ⅴ.阅读理解

It seems school children all over the world complain about their school food.Cherie Blair，the wife of previous Prime Minister Tony Blair，said that she would prepare a packed lunch for her son if school dinners do not improve.So what do students of your age eat for lunch at school?

Japan 

High schools have canteens(食堂)，which serve everything from noodles to rice，but not burgers and chips.Other children bring food from home such as cold rice balls，meat or fish，pickles(泡菜)and vegetables.

Students take home a menu for the coming month containing notes on nutrition(营养)value.Twice a year parents are invited to have a taste of the food.The class with the fewest leftovers(剩饭)at the end of the month receives a prize.

United States 

A typical menu from a US school is made up of a hamburger with fried potatoes or roast chicken，lettuce and pickles，fruit and cookies.School lunches must also provide at least one­third of the daily dietary allowances(定量)of protein，vitamin A，vitamin C，iron，calcium，and calories.

Australia 

Meat pies，sausage rolls and hotdogs are all traditional dishes in Australian school shops.But as the nation pays more attention to children’s health，healthier foods have started to find their way onto school menus.

Many schools have used a traffic light system.The sale of red­labelled foods，including pastries，chocolate and soft drinks，is served only twice a week.Healthier green­labelled foods such as sushi(寿司)，sandwiches，corn and watermelon，however，are available every day.

In some schools，students have a choice of up to 89 foods to choose from，including popcorn and rice.

South Africa 

Most of South Africa’s schools do not serve meals at all.Classes end at 1：30 pm and students get their own lunches.Many students bring food from home，usually sandwiches.

Fast food and fried food sell the best among students，which has led to a rise in obesity among children.But as more people began to realize the fact that being too fat may cause different diseases，some schools in towns have led the way towards better nutrition.Now students at these schools are provided with lunches of porridge with vegetables，such as cabbages，onions，beans，carrots and tomatoes.

1．What does the underlined word“obesity”in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．Nutrition.  B．Addiction.

C．Food shortage.   D．Overweight.

解析：从文中的“But as the nation pays more attention to children’s health，healthier foods have started to find their way onto school menus.”且文章中提到的其他国家也对此采取了措施可知D项正确。

答案：D

2．We can infer from the passage that______.

A．a typical menu from a US school consists of enough nutrition

B．most students in South Africa eat their lunch at home

C．many schools in Australia have traffic lights outside their school

D．you can have whatever you like in school canteens in Japan

解析：从第B段的"A typical menu from a US school is made up of a hamburger with fried potatoes or roast chicken, lettuce and pickles, fruit and cookies”可知美国某学校的菜单营养丰富。

答案:A

3. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Schools should try to satisfy the needs of students

B. Schools serve different foods from country to country

C. Food served in the US is the best of all

D. Schoolchildren all over the world dislike their school food

解析：从全文可知，不同国家的学校为学生提供的食物是不一样的.

答案:B