高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures精品随堂练习题

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一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．He admitted ________(take) sme cash frm the drawer.
2．Only a ________ (minr) f the peple supprted the revlutin.
3．The guide tld us that the museum is________(definite) wrth visiting.
4．It is said that he narrwly escaped __________ (kill) in the traffic accident the ther day.
5．Apart __________ having fun with friends, travelling arund the wrld will be anther way t relax and learn.
6．My stay in America was a unique pprtunity fr me t explre the American culture and see the __________ (diverse) f peple’s life there.
7．If __________ (frtune) enugh, they may dig ut the prblem and get back t happy marriage again.
8．The tw fficers were extremely lucky__________(escape) serius injuries.
9．The idea ccurred ______ him in a dream.
10．It prvides infrmatin n persnalities, __________ (histry) events and ther cntent yu'd expect t find in an encyclpedia.
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
11．He _________ (承认) that he had taken my umbrella by mistake.
12．The yung man is ________(寻找) an pprtunity t shw his ability.
13．The city is prviding free transprtatin t the stadium frm ________(在城镇中心区的) area.
14．Jeremy Lin has________(赢得)a gd reputatin fr his excellent basketball skills.
15．What cmes next is the endless ________(一系列) f steps. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
16．Advertising can be beneficial t the custmers if it is true t its ______________(宣称；声称).
17．In the afternn,I headed t a lcal museum that shwed the _____________(历史)changes in Califrnia.
18．________________(之后), I ate sme delicius Mexican-Chinese ndles frm a fd truck.
19．Only a ______________(少数) f peple supprt these new laws.
20．The children _____________(挣得) their allwance by ding chres arund the huse.
1．having taken##taking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他承认从抽屉里拿了一些现金。admit ding “承认做某事”用动名词或用动名词的完成时。故填having taken或taking。
2．minrity
【详解】考查名词。句意：只有少数人支持变革。根据“a”可知，空处需要填名词单数，minr是形容词，表示“较小的，次要的”，名词是minrity，表示“少数”，a minrity f表示“少数的”符合句意。故填minrity。
3．definitely
【详解】考查副词。句意：导游告诉我们，这座博物馆肯定值得一游。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词作状语，修饰形容词wrth。故填definitely。
4．being killed
【详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：据说他在前几天的那场交通事故中勉强死里逃生。escape ding sth逃脱做某事，动词kill和主语he之间是被动关系，故此处用动名词的被动式。故填being killed。
5．frm
【详解】考查介词。句意：除了和朋友一起开心得玩之外，环游世界会是放松和学习的另一种方式。apart frm为固定短语，意为“除了……之外(还)”。故填frm。
6．diversity
【详解】考查名词。句意：在美国的逗留对我来说是一个独特的机会，让我探索美国文化，并看到那里的人们生活的多样性。分析句子可知，设空处前有定冠词the修饰，作see的宾语，应用名词diversity, 表示“多样性，多样化”是不可数名词，故填diversity。
7．frtunate
【详解】考查形容词和省略。句意：如果够幸运的话，他们可能会找到问题所在，然后重获幸福的婚姻。分析句子可知，主从句主语一致，从句含有be动词形式，If后省略了they are, 设空处应用形容词作表语，完整的句子结构应是If they are frtune enugh, they may dig ut the prblem and get back t happy marriage again.故填frtunate。
8．t escape
【详解】考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意：两名警察非常幸运，没有受重伤。此处是动词不定式作结果状语。故填t escape。
9．t
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个主意是他在梦中想到的。ccur t sb意为“浮现在某人脑海中”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词t。故填t。
10．histrical
【详解】考查形容词。句意：百科全书中包含性格信息，历史事件以及其他你期待找到的内容。根据“events”可知，空处需要填形容词来修饰名词。Histry是名词，表示“历史”，形容词histrical表示“历史的，有关历史的”符合句意。故填histrical。
11．admitted
【详解】考查动词。句意：他承认错拿了我的伞。根据汉语提示可知，admit承认，动词，宾语从句使用的是过去完成时，表示发生在主句谓语动词之前的动作，故主句应用一般过去时。故填admitted。
12．seeking
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个年轻人正在寻找机会来展示他的能力。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要“寻找”对应的动词seek的现在分词形式，表示是主语The yung man主动发出的动作，和前面的is一起作现在进行时的谓语动词结构。故填seeking。
13．dwntwn
【详解】考查形容词。句意：市政府提供从市区到体育场的免费交通。名词area前用形容词修饰。根据汉语提示及句意，故填dwntwn。
14．earned
【详解】考查时态。句意：林书豪以其出色的篮球技术赢得了良好的声誉。赢得为earn，本句为现在完成时，空处填过去分词。故填earned。
15．series
【详解】考查名词。句意：接下来就是看不见尽头的一系列台阶。该空需要一个名词，名词series意为“系列”，由endless(无数的)可知，此处应用series的复数形式，series单复数同形。故填series。
16．claims
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果广告是真实的，就能对顾客有利。根据句意和汉语提示应填claim“宣称；声称”作宾语，根据句意用复数，故填claims。
17．histrical
【详解】考查形容词。句意：下午，我去了当地一家展示加利福尼亚州历史变迁的博物馆。根据空格后的名词changes可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，结合汉语提示“历史”是histrical。故填histrical。
18．Afterwards
【详解】考查副词。句意：随后，我吃了一份快餐车售卖的美味的墨西哥式中国面条。根据句意以及汉语提示可知，副词afterwards“之后；后来”符合句意，设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填Afterwards。
19．minrity
【详解】考查名词。句意：只有少数人支持这些新法律。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词。表示“少数”应用minrity，意为“少数；少数群体；少数民族”。故填minrity。
20．earn
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：孩子们靠在家里做家务挣零花钱。根据句意和汉语提示，用填earn“挣得”符合句意，根据句意用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填earn。
学科素养提升
三、阅读理解
A
While tea may have its rigins in Asia, nw it has fund its way int their fd culture and traditins in many cuntries. It is a special way f cnnecting peple all ver the wrld in different ways and ceremnies. That finally all results in a grup f peple sitting tgether and enjying a cup f tea.
Chinese tea culture
Since China is cnsidered as the birthplace f tea, it is n wnder that Chinese tea culture is rich in histry and traditin. Tday, Chinese tea cntinues t be used in Chinese medicine and is cmmnly used n bth frmal and infrmal ccasins either fr persnal enjyment r as a Chinese cultural traditin.
Japanese tea culture
Japan als has a lng histry with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind f grund green tea. Japanese tea is cmmnly used in Japanese tea ceremnies and nly in recent years has becme ppular in western culture.
British tea culture
When it cmes t British tea, British tea culture is what cmes t mind. A ht cup f Earl Grey tea ften serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternn as a pick-me-up fr the day, which makes yu feel better and mre energetic. Even thugh tea may nt be native t England, this British tea traditin is still ging strng tday.
Mrccan tea culture
When yu visit Mrcc, it is hard t miss the utstanding tea culture that is such a special way t welcme guests. Befre any gathering, a pt f mint(薄荷)tea is always prepared and served amng the hst and guests. This is an expressin f Mrccan traditin and kindness, which shuld always be accepted by guests as a sign f appreciatin and respect t the hst.
21．What d Chinese and Japanese tea cultures have in cmmn?
A．They have a lng histry.
B．They are used in medicine.
C．They are well knwn fr green tea.
D．They have lng been widely recgnized.
22．Why d the British prefer the afternn tea?
A．T shw kindness.
B．T get new energy.
C．T bring ut respect
D．T bserve a traditin.
23．What wrd can best describe Mrccan peple?
A．Hnest.
B．Cnfident.
C．Grateful.
D．Friendly.
B
Wrking r learning in a freign cuntry can be a difficult experience, bth prfessinally and persnally, due t the cultural shck.
The hardest part f wrking abrad isn’t t find a place t stay r learn the language but t vercme the cultural shck. The anthrplgist (人类学家) Kalver Oberg first put frward the term “culture shck”. He reprted that it was caused by the “anxiety” that results frm lsing all ur familiar signs and symbls f cmmunicatin while living and wrking in anther culture.
These things are part f daily life, and include gestures, facial expressins and custms. When we enter a new culture, these signs are usually s different that they’re n lnger cmprehensible (可理解的) t us. “When an individual enters a strange culture”, wrte Oberg, “all r mst f these familiar signs are eliminated. He r she is like a fish ut f water, hwever brad-minded he r she may be.”
This is what happened t Lara, a yung IT cnsultant frm America wh began t wrk in suthern Eurpe last year. Three weeks after arriving in Eurpe, she sent a desperate e-mail begging t return hme. “The peple are s rude,” she wrte. “They eat at strange hurs and I’m starting t feel appetizing t lcal fd. I can’t get anything dne because their way f ding business is s efficient. I just want t be hme.”
What Lara and ther IT cnsultants meet n their wrk abrad is a culture shck. While we can’t prevent it frm happening, we can still take steps t weaken its effects.
24．What is the mst challenging fr a wrker living abrad fr the first time?
A．Learning the new language.
B．Finding a place t stay.
C．Adapting t the new culture.
D．Earning a high incme.
25．Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrd “eliminated”?
A．Remved.B．Accepted.C．Questined.D．Challenged.
26．What des Lara’s versea experience mainly tell us?
A．Life abrad is always in a mess.
B．Clleagues abrad aren’t easy-ging.
C．Wrking abrad isn’t a wise chice.
D．Culture acceptance matters much fr a freigner.
27．What might fllw the end f the passage?
A．Measures taken t further understand culture shck.
B．Measures taken t explre the causes f culture shck.
C．Measures taken t reduce the influences f culture shck.
D．Measures taken t rid the influences f culture shck.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
June 21 was Li Lan’s first day back in San Francisc after camping in the Redwd Frest and visiting Napa Valley. She___28___(admit) that it definitely felt gd t cme back t the city again. The fact that the city rebuilt ___29___(it) after the earthquake that ccurred in 1906 was amazing. ___30___(lcate) n tp f big hills, many beautiful ld buildings ffered great ___31___(view) f the city, the cean, and the Glden Gate Bridge.
In the mrning, Li Lan visited the Missin District. ___32___(walk) arund and lked at the street art fr a few hurs, she ate sme delicius Mexican-Chinese ndles fr lunch. In the afternn, Li Lan headed t a lcal museum,___33___she learned a lt abut the histry f Califrnia. In 1848, gld ___34___(discver) near San Francisc, which made ver 300,000 peple frm all ver the wrld rush here t seek their frtune. In fact, few achieved their dreams f becming rich. Sme died r returned hme, but mst remained t earn ___35___living despite great hardship. It was immigrants frm different cuntries and cultures that built up Califrnia very ___36___(rapid) and led t its becming a state f the United States in 1850. In the evening, Li Lan went t Chinatwn. There were many cafes and restaurants t chse ____37____. After selecting a restaurant, she enjyed Chinese fd served n beautiful china plates.
21．A 22．B 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。虽然茶起源于亚洲，但如今世界上许多国家的饮食文化和传统中都融入了茶的元素。文章主要介绍了中国、日本、英国和摩洛哥的茶文化。
21．推理判断题。根据Chinese tea culture部分中“Since China is cnsidered as the birthplace f tea, it is n wnder that Chinese tea culture is rich in histry and traditin.(由于中国被认为是茶的发源地，难怪中国茶文化具有丰富的历史和传统。)”以及Japanese tea culture部分中“Japan als has a lng histry with tea, especially Japanese Matcha.(日本也有悠久的茶历史，尤其是日本抹茶。)”可知，中国和日本茶文化的特点是有着悠久的历史。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据British tea culture部分中“ A ht cup f Earl Grey tea ften serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternn as a pick-me-up fr the day, which makes yu feel better and mre energetic.(下午喝一杯热伯爵茶，加一点牛奶和一块饼干，提神醒脑，让你感觉更好，更有活力。)”可知，英国下午茶是为了让人们感觉更有活力。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据Mrccan tea culture部分中“This is an expressin f Mrccan traditin and kindness, which shuld always be accepted by guests as a sign f appreciatin and respect t the hst.(这是摩洛哥传统和善良的表现，客人应该始终接受这一点，以表示对主人的欣赏和尊重。)”可知，摩洛哥的茶文化是非常友好的。故选D。
24．C 25．A 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述在国外工作或学习要克服文化冲击，文化冲击的影响以及克服文化冲击的重要性。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“The hardest part f wrking abrad isn’t t find a place t stay r learn the language but t vercme the cultural shck. (在国外工作最难的部分不是找地方住或学习语言，而是克服文化冲击。)”可知对于第一次在国外生活的员工来说，最大的挑战是克服文化冲击，适应新文化。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据上文“These things are part f daily life, and include gestures, facial expressins and custms. When we enter a new culture, these signs are usually s different that they’re n lnger cmprehensible (可理解的) t us. “When an individual enters a strange culture”, wrte Oberg (这些都是日常生活的一部分，包括手势、面部表情和习俗。当我们进入一个新的文化，这些标志通常是如此不同，他们不再是我们所能理解的。“当一个人进入一种陌生的文化，” 奥伯格写道)”可推测下文意思是所有或大部分这些熟悉的标志都被消除了。故猜测eliminated意为“消除”，和A选项Remved. “去除”意思相近，故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What Lara and ther IT cnsultants meet n their wrk abrad is a culture shck. (劳拉和其他IT顾问在国外工作时遇到的是文化冲击。)”及上文Lara海外经历的描述可推测对一个外国人来说，接受文化很重要。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What Lara and ther IT cnsultants meet n their wrk abrad is a culture shck. While we can’t prevent it frm happening, we can still take steps t weaken its effects. (劳拉和其他IT顾问在国外工作时遇到的是文化冲击。虽然我们不能阻止它的发生，但我们仍然可以采取措施削弱它的影响。)”可推测结尾应写采取措施减少文化冲击的影响。故选C。
28．admitted 29．itself 30．Lcated 31．views 32．Having walked 33．where 34．was discvered 35．a 36．rapidly 37．frm
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是李兰（Li Lan）对重建后的旧金山的介绍。
28．考查动词时态。句意：她承认再次回到这座城市的感觉真的很好。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据全文主时态以及语境可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时且与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填admitted。
29．考查代词。句意：这座城市在1906年发生的地震后进行了重建，这一事实令人惊讶。分析句子结构可知，此处应为代词作宾语，且主语与宾语为同一事物，所以应使用反身代词，it的反身代词为itself。故填itself。
30．考查非谓语动词。句意：坐落在山顶上，许多美丽的老建筑提供了城市、海洋和金门大桥的美丽景色。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，many beautiful ld buildings 与lcate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用过去分词，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Lcated。
31．考查名词。句意：坐落在山顶上，许多美丽的老建筑提供了城市、海洋和金门大桥的绝佳视野。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，view在此处意为 “风景”，是可数名词，由于空前没有限定词，所以此处应用复数形式。故填views。
32．考查非谓语动词。句意：她逛了几个小时，看了街头艺术，午餐吃了一些美味的墨西哥—中国面条。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语形式，walk与主语she之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且walk表示的动作发生在ate表示的动作之前，所以此处应用动词-ing形式的完成式。故填Having walked。
33．考查定语从句。句意：下午，李兰去了当地的博物馆，在那里她了解了很多关于加州的历史。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a lcal museum，且从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词表地点。故填where。
34．考查动词时态语态主谓一致。句意：1848年，旧金山附近发现了黄金，这使得世界各地30多万人涌向这里寻找财富。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，discver与主语gld之间是被动关系，再根据时间状语In 1848可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was discvered。
35．考查冠词。句意：一些人死了或回家了，但大多数人尽管艰苦卓绝，还是留下来谋生。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语earn a living意为“谋生”，所以此处应为冠词。故填a。
36．考查副词。句意：正是来自不同国家和不同文化的移民迅速建立了加利福尼亚，并导致它在1850年成为美国的一个州。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语，rapid的副词为rapidly。故填rapidly。
37．考查介词。句意：有许多咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。结合句意可知，此处应为“从……选择”为chse frm符合句意，所以此处应填介词，不定式短语作后置定语，修饰restaurants，不定式的逻辑宾语是restaurants，需加介词。故填frm。