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2021年高考英语三轮冲刺《考前30天冲刺》练习十（含答案）
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这是一份2021年高考英语三轮冲刺《考前30天冲刺》练习十（含答案），共8页。试卷主要包含了单项填空，完形填空，短文改错，任务型阅读，阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、单项填空
Steven was very abut what he thught f Cherry's perfrmance. thugh it might anny her.
A. sceptical B. sensitive C. anxius D. explicit
There was nthing they culd d .
A.but wait B.except waiting C.nly t wait D.unless they waited
They decided t the partnership.
A.break up B.break thrugh C.break ut D.break dwn
It may nt wrk ut that ne living in an English-speaking cuntry will acquire the language ________.
A. effectively B. fluently C. autmatically D. severely
It is well knwn _____Cnfucius was brn in the city f Qufu in Shandng prvince, China.
A.whether B.where C.that D.what
二、完形填空
The summer befre I went ff t cllege,Mm std me in her usual spt behind the irning bard(烫衣板)and said,“Pay attentin:I’m ging t teach yu t irn.”
Mm clearly explained her （1） fr this lessn.I was ging t be （2） and needed t learn this vital skill.Als,I wuld be meeting new peple,and prperly irned clthes wuld help me make a gd （3） .
“Learn t irn a shirt,”Mm said,“and yu can irn anything.”
But irning shirts was nt （4） wrk.It didn’t make use f lng muscles we used t thrw a baseball,and it wasn’t a （5） peratin like ice-skating.Irning was like driving a car n a street that has a stp sign every 10 feet. Mrever,an irn prduced steam and it carried an element f （6） .If yu tuched the wrng part f it,yu’d get burnt.If yu frgt t turn it ff when yu （7） ,yu might burn dwn the huse.
As fr technique,Mm （8） me t begin with the flat spaces utward,always pushing the irn frward int wrinkled(有褶皱的)parts.Cllars had t be dne right.Mm said they were clse t yur face,where everyne wuld （9） them.
Over the years,I’ve learned t irn shirts skillfully,which gives me a sense f（10）.Whatever failures I suffer in my life,an irned shirt tells me I am gd at smething. （11） ,thrugh irning I’ve learned the methd fr slving even the mst trublesme prblems.“ （12） wrinkles ne at a time,”as Mm might have said,“and befre lng everything will get irned ut.”
（1）A.reasns B.rules C.emtins D.methds
（2）A.helpful B.cnfident C.pwerful D.independent
（3）A.cnclusin B.suggestin C.impressin D.bservatin
（4）A.usefulB.easyC.specialD.suitable
（5）A.directB.singleC.smthD.strange
（6）A.dubtB.pressureC.surpriseD.danger
（7）A.went away B.fell dwn C.jumped ff D.lked up
（8）A.taughtB.chseC.frcedD.sent
（9）A.tuchB.designC.seeD.admire
（10）A.hnestyB.freedmC.justiceD.pride
（11）A.InsteadB.BesidesC.OtherwiseD.Hwever
（12）A.Make up B.Deal with C.Ask fr D.Rely n
三、短文改错
During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and anther animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f chicken. They als I went here again,they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f chicken.They als had a small pnd,which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had imprved. At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return fr every tw years, but he agreed.
四、任务型阅读
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air.” __（1）__ Accrding t recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
__（2）__ If the air yu're breathing is clean—which it wuld be if yu're away frm the smg f cities—then the air is filled with lifegiving, energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs, yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles (肌肉) and yur brain.
Recently, peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing (治愈). __（3）__ In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green, grwing things can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and put peple int a better md (情绪). Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. __（4）__ It gives us a great feeling f peace.
（5）__ While the sun's rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D—but still prtect yur skin—put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that's plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day's wrth f Vitamin D.
A．Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B．S what are yu waiting fr?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F．Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G．All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
五、阅读理解
A
Science has a lt f uses. It can uncver laws f nature, cure diseases, make bmbs, and help bridges t stand up. Indeed science is s gd at what it des that there’s always a temptatin(诱惑) t drag it int prblems where it may nt be helpful. David Brks, authr f The Scial Animal: The Hidden Surces f Lve, Character, and Achievement, appears t be the latest in a lng line f writers wh have failed t resist the temptatin.
Brks gained fame fr several bks. His latest bk The Scial Animal, hwever, is mre ambitius and serius than his earlier bks. It is an attempt t deal with a set f weighty tpics. The bk fcuses n big questins: What has science revealed abut human nature? What are the surces f character? And why are sme peple happy and successful while thers aren’t?
T answer these questins, Brks surveys a wide range f disciplines(学科). Cnsidering this, yu might expect the bk t be a dry recitatin f facts. But Brks has structured his bk in an unrthdx(非常规的), and perhaps unfrtunate, way. Instead f intrducing scientific theries, he tells a stry, within which he tries t make his pints, perhaps in rder t keep the reader’s attentin. S as Harld and Erica, the her and herine in his stry, live thrugh childhd, we hear abut the science f child develpment and as they begin t date we hear abut the thery f sexual attractin. Brks carries this thrugh t the death f ne f his characters.
On the whle, Brks’s stry is acceptable if uninspired. As ne wuld expect, his writing is mstly clear and, t be fair, sme chapters stand ut abve the rest. I enjyed, fr instance, the chapter in which Harld discvers hw t think n his wn. While Harld and Erica are certainly nt strng r memrable characters, the mre serius prblems with The Scial Animal lie elsewhere. These prblems partly invlve Brks’s attempt t translate his tale int science.
（1）The authr mentins the functins f science at the beginning f the passage t____.
A.illustrate where science can be applied
B.demnstrate the value f Brks’s new bk
C.remind the reader f the imprtance f science
D.explain why many writers use science in their wrks
（2）Accrding t the authr, which f the fllwing culd be a strength f the bk?
A.Its strng basis.
B.Its cnvincing pints.
C.Its clear writing.
D.Its memrable characters.
（3）What is the authr’s general attitude twards the bk?
A.Cntradictry.
B.Supprtive.
C.Cautius.
D.Critical.
（4）What is the authr likely t write abut after the last paragraph?
A.Prblems with the bk.
B.Brks’s life experience.
C.Death f the characters.
D.Brks’s translatin skills.
B
阅读下面的短文，完成下列各题：
Anyne caring abut their health will be able t speak ut a few f the majr vitamins, and pssibly take an educated guess at what they d. Vitamin C, fund in ranges and ther fruit and vegetables, is imprtant fr wund repair. And the much-talked-abut “sunshine” vitamin D, prduced by the skin in respnse t UV light, is essential fr strng bnes.
But what abut vitamin P? It might well have yu scratching yur head. And that's nt surprising: the term was first cined in the 1930s t describe a small grup f cmpunds that prvide pigment(天然色素) t plants, and were believed t have health benefits. A century later, these cmpunds are nw better knwn as flavnids(类黄酮).
Tday, scientists have identified between 4,000 and 6,000 different kinds and we nw knw they are respnsible fr many f the flavrs and smells f fruit and vegetables and als that they prtect them frm invaders such as pests and bacteria.
They are equally imprtant nutrients fr the bdy, helping maintain bnes and teeth, and fr the prductin f the prtein cllagen(胶原), which prvides structure t bld vessels, muscles and skin.
They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness, including xidatin(氧化), a natural prcess by which the bdy's cells age and can becme damaged and defective. That means they culd help t prtect against chrnic diseases including cancer and heart disease.
（1）What d we knw abut vitamin P?
A.We wuld scratch ur head if we tk it.
B.It refers t the cmpunds als called flavnids.
C.It was made int a cin in the 1930s.
D.Peple didn't think it beneficial in the past.
（2）Which is NOT the functin f vitamin P fr humans accrding t the passage?
A.Helping maintain bnes and teeth.
B.Assisting in prducing prtein cllagen.
C.Accelerating the circulatin f the bld.
D.Aiding the bdy t handle the main factrs f illness.
（3）Which f the fllwing best explains “defective” underlined in the last paragraph?
A.Harmful. B.Discuraged. C.Vague. D.Deficient.
（4）Hw des vitamin P help slw the aging prcess?
A.By fighting against xidatin.
B.By maintaining bnes.
C.By strengthening muscles.
D.By prtecting against chrnic diseases.
\s 0 参考答案
D
A
答案为：A；
C
答案为：C；
二、完形填空
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,从母亲教我熨烫衣服这件事上,我不仅学到了熨衬衣的技能,而且也获得了解决生活难题的自信。
（1）【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据本段下文内容,母亲是给我讲学习熨烫衣服的原因。
（2）【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从首段第一句及下面内容知,我将要离家上大学开始独立。
（3）【解析】选C。词语辨析题。我将要结识新的人们,正确的熨烫衣服能有助于我(给人)留下一个好印象。
（4）【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从下文所述及此句的关键词but知,熨衬衣并不是一件容易的事情。
（5）【解析】选C。背景常识题。熨衣服也不像滑冰那样可以平滑的操作。
（6）【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从此句及下一句知,熨斗能产生水蒸气甚至还有一定的危险。
（7）【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。当你离开时如果忘记关闭它,可能会(引发火灾)烧掉房子。
（8）【解析】选A。词汇复现题。从文章第一段中I’m ging t teach yu t irn及全文知,母亲教(teach)我从衣服外面平整的部分开始。
（9）【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。母亲说领子是靠近脸部的部分,而且人人都会看到它。
（10）【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从下句语境中:无论我在生活中遇到什么挫折,一件熨好的衬衣都让我知道我能够把事情做好,故此处指我学会了熟练地熨烫衬衣,这也给了我自豪感(自信心)。
（11）【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从下句知,此处继续陈述我从熨烫衣服中所收获到的东西。应用besides(除此之外还有)表递进。
（12）【解析】选B。词语辨析题。正如母亲所说,每次熨平一个褶皱(解决一个问题),很快所有的问题就都能解决了。deal with解决,处理,符合语境。
【参考答案】
（1）cuntryside前加the
（2）find改为fund
（3）anther改为ther
（4）here改为there
（5）chicken改为chickens
（6）which前面加in 或者which改为where
（7）sell改为selling
（8）happily改为happy
（9）return后面去掉fr
（10）but改为and
【解析】
（1）考查定冠词。特指用定冠词the。表示“乡下，农村”的cuntry或cuntryside前面要带定冠词the。
（2）考查时态。此处谓语需要和句子前后时态保持一致，也采用一般过去时。
（3）考查形容词。由于animals是复数，所以用ther修饰,意为“其他的”。anther做定语要修饰单数名词。
（4）考查行文逻辑错误。指代远处用there,意为“那里”。
（5）考查名词单复数。dzens f 后接名词的复数形式。
（6）考查关系词。定语从句中缺少地点状语。先行词为pnd,因此用in which或where。
（7）考查动名词误用。介词后用动名词做宾语。
（8）考查形容词、副词误用。此处felt是连系动词，接形容词做表语，故将happily改成happy。
（9）考查固定搭配。此处 every tw years为每两年的意思。时间名词有every ,each, last, next ,this, that等词修饰时，其前不用介词。
（10）考查并列连词。根据连词前后句意为并列关系而非转折关系，因此用and恰当。
答案为：篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。
E 空格前一句句意：我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气”长大的，空格后一句句意：根据最近的研究，答案是肯定的。由此可判断E项“但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样对你有好处吗？”符合语境。
A 空格处为本段的中心句。根据空格后的内容可知，如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的，那么空气中就充满了维持生命的.让人充满活力的氧气。如果在户外锻炼，人的身体会学会深呼吸，让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。所以本段主要说明了呼吸新鲜空气的好处，故A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。
G 空格后的“these places”与G项中的“recvery centers”相呼应，因此G项“全国各地的康复中心已经开始建造康复花园”符合语境。
C 空格前介绍了接近大自然.看绿色植物对病人的康复有益，空格后一句“它给我们一种非常好的内心平和的感觉”，由此可推断出空格处应该表达置身于大自然的好处，故选C项“置身于大自然使我们精神焕发”。
D 空格后一句句意：虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。这是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处，故D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是阳光”符合语境。
答案及解析：
答案：（1）D; （2）C; （3）D; （4）A
解析：
（1）【语篇导读】本文是一篇书评。作者列举了Brks的几本书,指出了书中值得肯定的地方,同时也找出了其不足之处。
推理判断题。文章第一句提到科学有许多用途,可以揭示自然的规律、治病、制造原子弹等等,后面又提到David Brks。由此可知,许多作家在作品中运用科学知识,就是因为它的功能很多,所以选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ ne wuld expect,his writing is mstly clear...”可知,撰写清楚是他的书的一个优点,所以选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的...“wh failed t resist the temptatin.”和第三段中的“yu might expect the bk t be a dry recitatin f fact. But Brks has structured his bk in an unrthdx,and perhaps unfrtunate, way.”可知,Brks写的和人们期望的不一样。由此可知,作者是持批判的态度。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,这些问题涉及Brks把他的故事转换成科学的企图,由此可知,作者在本段谈到这本书的问题,所以选A。B项“Brks的生活经历”;C项“人物的死亡”;D项“Brks的翻译技巧”都与该段无关。
【长难句分析】Indeed science is s gd at what it des that there's always a temptatin t drag it int prblems where it may nt be helpful.的确,科学对它做的事情如此擅长,以至于总有一种要把它拖进无能为力解决的问题中的诱惑。本句是一个复合句。引导的是结果状语从句;where it may nt be helpful是定语从句,修饰prblems。
答案为：B; C; D; A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“these cmpunds are nw better knwn as flavnids(类黄酮)”可知B选项正确。“It might well have yu scratching yur head” 意为“它很有可能会让你挠头(冥思苦想)”,故A选项错误;“the term was first cined in the 1930s”意为“这个术语是20世纪30年代被创造的”,故C选项错误。根据“were believed t have health benefits”可知D选项错误。
推理判断题。根据文章后两段的介绍可知,维生素P对人体的作用有三种:(1) helping maintain bnes and teeth(有助于维持骨和牙齿):(2)… imprtant… fr the prductin f the prtein cllagen(胶原)(有助于产生胶原蛋白);(3)help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness(帮助身体应对一些导致疾病的主要驱动因素),因此A、B、D选项是对的,而C选项“Accelerating the circulatin f the bld” 说法不对,原文应该是 “The prtein cllagen(胶原) prvides structure t bld vessels, muscles and skin.”
词义猜测题。根据最后一段 “They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness, including xidatin(氧化), a natural prcess by which the bdy's cells age and can becme damaged and defective.”我们知道氧化会使我们的细胞衰老,受损或变得有缺陷。
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness, including xidatin(氧化), a natural prcess by which the bdy's cells age and can becme damaged and defective.”可知,维生素P可帮助抗氧化。氧化是人体细胞老化的自然过程,会导致细胞受损和有缺陷,与题干中的slw the aging prcess呼应。
一、单项填空
Steven was very abut what he thught f Cherry's perfrmance. thugh it might anny her.
A. sceptical B. sensitive C. anxius D. explicit
There was nthing they culd d .
A.but wait B.except waiting C.nly t wait D.unless they waited
They decided t the partnership.
A.break up B.break thrugh C.break ut D.break dwn
It may nt wrk ut that ne living in an English-speaking cuntry will acquire the language ________.
A. effectively B. fluently C. autmatically D. severely
It is well knwn _____Cnfucius was brn in the city f Qufu in Shandng prvince, China.
A.whether B.where C.that D.what
二、完形填空
The summer befre I went ff t cllege,Mm std me in her usual spt behind the irning bard(烫衣板)and said,“Pay attentin:I’m ging t teach yu t irn.”
Mm clearly explained her （1） fr this lessn.I was ging t be （2） and needed t learn this vital skill.Als,I wuld be meeting new peple,and prperly irned clthes wuld help me make a gd （3） .
“Learn t irn a shirt,”Mm said,“and yu can irn anything.”
But irning shirts was nt （4） wrk.It didn’t make use f lng muscles we used t thrw a baseball,and it wasn’t a （5） peratin like ice-skating.Irning was like driving a car n a street that has a stp sign every 10 feet. Mrever,an irn prduced steam and it carried an element f （6） .If yu tuched the wrng part f it,yu’d get burnt.If yu frgt t turn it ff when yu （7） ,yu might burn dwn the huse.
As fr technique,Mm （8） me t begin with the flat spaces utward,always pushing the irn frward int wrinkled(有褶皱的)parts.Cllars had t be dne right.Mm said they were clse t yur face,where everyne wuld （9） them.
Over the years,I’ve learned t irn shirts skillfully,which gives me a sense f（10）.Whatever failures I suffer in my life,an irned shirt tells me I am gd at smething. （11） ,thrugh irning I’ve learned the methd fr slving even the mst trublesme prblems.“ （12） wrinkles ne at a time,”as Mm might have said,“and befre lng everything will get irned ut.”
（1）A.reasns B.rules C.emtins D.methds
（2）A.helpful B.cnfident C.pwerful D.independent
（3）A.cnclusin B.suggestin C.impressin D.bservatin
（4）A.usefulB.easyC.specialD.suitable
（5）A.directB.singleC.smthD.strange
（6）A.dubtB.pressureC.surpriseD.danger
（7）A.went away B.fell dwn C.jumped ff D.lked up
（8）A.taughtB.chseC.frcedD.sent
（9）A.tuchB.designC.seeD.admire
（10）A.hnestyB.freedmC.justiceD.pride
（11）A.InsteadB.BesidesC.OtherwiseD.Hwever
（12）A.Make up B.Deal with C.Ask fr D.Rely n
三、短文改错
During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and anther animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f chicken. They als I went here again,they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f chicken.They als had a small pnd,which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had imprved. At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return fr every tw years, but he agreed.
四、任务型阅读
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air.” __（1）__ Accrding t recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
__（2）__ If the air yu're breathing is clean—which it wuld be if yu're away frm the smg f cities—then the air is filled with lifegiving, energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs, yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles (肌肉) and yur brain.
Recently, peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing (治愈). __（3）__ In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green, grwing things can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and put peple int a better md (情绪). Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. __（4）__ It gives us a great feeling f peace.
（5）__ While the sun's rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D—but still prtect yur skin—put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that's plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day's wrth f Vitamin D.
A．Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B．S what are yu waiting fr?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F．Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G．All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
五、阅读理解
A
Science has a lt f uses. It can uncver laws f nature, cure diseases, make bmbs, and help bridges t stand up. Indeed science is s gd at what it des that there’s always a temptatin(诱惑) t drag it int prblems where it may nt be helpful. David Brks, authr f The Scial Animal: The Hidden Surces f Lve, Character, and Achievement, appears t be the latest in a lng line f writers wh have failed t resist the temptatin.
Brks gained fame fr several bks. His latest bk The Scial Animal, hwever, is mre ambitius and serius than his earlier bks. It is an attempt t deal with a set f weighty tpics. The bk fcuses n big questins: What has science revealed abut human nature? What are the surces f character? And why are sme peple happy and successful while thers aren’t?
T answer these questins, Brks surveys a wide range f disciplines(学科). Cnsidering this, yu might expect the bk t be a dry recitatin f facts. But Brks has structured his bk in an unrthdx(非常规的), and perhaps unfrtunate, way. Instead f intrducing scientific theries, he tells a stry, within which he tries t make his pints, perhaps in rder t keep the reader’s attentin. S as Harld and Erica, the her and herine in his stry, live thrugh childhd, we hear abut the science f child develpment and as they begin t date we hear abut the thery f sexual attractin. Brks carries this thrugh t the death f ne f his characters.
On the whle, Brks’s stry is acceptable if uninspired. As ne wuld expect, his writing is mstly clear and, t be fair, sme chapters stand ut abve the rest. I enjyed, fr instance, the chapter in which Harld discvers hw t think n his wn. While Harld and Erica are certainly nt strng r memrable characters, the mre serius prblems with The Scial Animal lie elsewhere. These prblems partly invlve Brks’s attempt t translate his tale int science.
（1）The authr mentins the functins f science at the beginning f the passage t____.
A.illustrate where science can be applied
B.demnstrate the value f Brks’s new bk
C.remind the reader f the imprtance f science
D.explain why many writers use science in their wrks
（2）Accrding t the authr, which f the fllwing culd be a strength f the bk?
A.Its strng basis.
B.Its cnvincing pints.
C.Its clear writing.
D.Its memrable characters.
（3）What is the authr’s general attitude twards the bk?
A.Cntradictry.
B.Supprtive.
C.Cautius.
D.Critical.
（4）What is the authr likely t write abut after the last paragraph?
A.Prblems with the bk.
B.Brks’s life experience.
C.Death f the characters.
D.Brks’s translatin skills.
B
阅读下面的短文，完成下列各题：
Anyne caring abut their health will be able t speak ut a few f the majr vitamins, and pssibly take an educated guess at what they d. Vitamin C, fund in ranges and ther fruit and vegetables, is imprtant fr wund repair. And the much-talked-abut “sunshine” vitamin D, prduced by the skin in respnse t UV light, is essential fr strng bnes.
But what abut vitamin P? It might well have yu scratching yur head. And that's nt surprising: the term was first cined in the 1930s t describe a small grup f cmpunds that prvide pigment(天然色素) t plants, and were believed t have health benefits. A century later, these cmpunds are nw better knwn as flavnids(类黄酮).
Tday, scientists have identified between 4,000 and 6,000 different kinds and we nw knw they are respnsible fr many f the flavrs and smells f fruit and vegetables and als that they prtect them frm invaders such as pests and bacteria.
They are equally imprtant nutrients fr the bdy, helping maintain bnes and teeth, and fr the prductin f the prtein cllagen(胶原), which prvides structure t bld vessels, muscles and skin.
They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness, including xidatin(氧化), a natural prcess by which the bdy's cells age and can becme damaged and defective. That means they culd help t prtect against chrnic diseases including cancer and heart disease.
（1）What d we knw abut vitamin P?
A.We wuld scratch ur head if we tk it.
B.It refers t the cmpunds als called flavnids.
C.It was made int a cin in the 1930s.
D.Peple didn't think it beneficial in the past.
（2）Which is NOT the functin f vitamin P fr humans accrding t the passage?
A.Helping maintain bnes and teeth.
B.Assisting in prducing prtein cllagen.
C.Accelerating the circulatin f the bld.
D.Aiding the bdy t handle the main factrs f illness.
（3）Which f the fllwing best explains “defective” underlined in the last paragraph?
A.Harmful. B.Discuraged. C.Vague. D.Deficient.
（4）Hw des vitamin P help slw the aging prcess?
A.By fighting against xidatin.
B.By maintaining bnes.
C.By strengthening muscles.
D.By prtecting against chrnic diseases.
\s 0 参考答案
D
A
答案为：A；
C
答案为：C；
二、完形填空
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,从母亲教我熨烫衣服这件事上,我不仅学到了熨衬衣的技能,而且也获得了解决生活难题的自信。
（1）【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据本段下文内容,母亲是给我讲学习熨烫衣服的原因。
（2）【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从首段第一句及下面内容知,我将要离家上大学开始独立。
（3）【解析】选C。词语辨析题。我将要结识新的人们,正确的熨烫衣服能有助于我(给人)留下一个好印象。
（4）【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从下文所述及此句的关键词but知,熨衬衣并不是一件容易的事情。
（5）【解析】选C。背景常识题。熨衣服也不像滑冰那样可以平滑的操作。
（6）【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从此句及下一句知,熨斗能产生水蒸气甚至还有一定的危险。
（7）【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。当你离开时如果忘记关闭它,可能会(引发火灾)烧掉房子。
（8）【解析】选A。词汇复现题。从文章第一段中I’m ging t teach yu t irn及全文知,母亲教(teach)我从衣服外面平整的部分开始。
（9）【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。母亲说领子是靠近脸部的部分,而且人人都会看到它。
（10）【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从下句语境中:无论我在生活中遇到什么挫折,一件熨好的衬衣都让我知道我能够把事情做好,故此处指我学会了熟练地熨烫衬衣,这也给了我自豪感(自信心)。
（11）【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从下句知,此处继续陈述我从熨烫衣服中所收获到的东西。应用besides(除此之外还有)表递进。
（12）【解析】选B。词语辨析题。正如母亲所说,每次熨平一个褶皱(解决一个问题),很快所有的问题就都能解决了。deal with解决,处理,符合语境。
【参考答案】
（1）cuntryside前加the
（2）find改为fund
（3）anther改为ther
（4）here改为there
（5）chicken改为chickens
（6）which前面加in 或者which改为where
（7）sell改为selling
（8）happily改为happy
（9）return后面去掉fr
（10）but改为and
【解析】
（1）考查定冠词。特指用定冠词the。表示“乡下，农村”的cuntry或cuntryside前面要带定冠词the。
（2）考查时态。此处谓语需要和句子前后时态保持一致，也采用一般过去时。
（3）考查形容词。由于animals是复数，所以用ther修饰,意为“其他的”。anther做定语要修饰单数名词。
（4）考查行文逻辑错误。指代远处用there,意为“那里”。
（5）考查名词单复数。dzens f 后接名词的复数形式。
（6）考查关系词。定语从句中缺少地点状语。先行词为pnd,因此用in which或where。
（7）考查动名词误用。介词后用动名词做宾语。
（8）考查形容词、副词误用。此处felt是连系动词，接形容词做表语，故将happily改成happy。
（9）考查固定搭配。此处 every tw years为每两年的意思。时间名词有every ,each, last, next ,this, that等词修饰时，其前不用介词。
（10）考查并列连词。根据连词前后句意为并列关系而非转折关系，因此用and恰当。
答案为：篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。
E 空格前一句句意：我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气”长大的，空格后一句句意：根据最近的研究，答案是肯定的。由此可判断E项“但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样对你有好处吗？”符合语境。
A 空格处为本段的中心句。根据空格后的内容可知，如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的，那么空气中就充满了维持生命的.让人充满活力的氧气。如果在户外锻炼，人的身体会学会深呼吸，让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。所以本段主要说明了呼吸新鲜空气的好处，故A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。
G 空格后的“these places”与G项中的“recvery centers”相呼应，因此G项“全国各地的康复中心已经开始建造康复花园”符合语境。
C 空格前介绍了接近大自然.看绿色植物对病人的康复有益，空格后一句“它给我们一种非常好的内心平和的感觉”，由此可推断出空格处应该表达置身于大自然的好处，故选C项“置身于大自然使我们精神焕发”。
D 空格后一句句意：虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。这是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处，故D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是阳光”符合语境。
答案及解析：
答案：（1）D; （2）C; （3）D; （4）A
解析：
（1）【语篇导读】本文是一篇书评。作者列举了Brks的几本书,指出了书中值得肯定的地方,同时也找出了其不足之处。
推理判断题。文章第一句提到科学有许多用途,可以揭示自然的规律、治病、制造原子弹等等,后面又提到David Brks。由此可知,许多作家在作品中运用科学知识,就是因为它的功能很多,所以选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ ne wuld expect,his writing is mstly clear...”可知,撰写清楚是他的书的一个优点,所以选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的...“wh failed t resist the temptatin.”和第三段中的“yu might expect the bk t be a dry recitatin f fact. But Brks has structured his bk in an unrthdx,and perhaps unfrtunate, way.”可知,Brks写的和人们期望的不一样。由此可知,作者是持批判的态度。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,这些问题涉及Brks把他的故事转换成科学的企图,由此可知,作者在本段谈到这本书的问题,所以选A。B项“Brks的生活经历”;C项“人物的死亡”;D项“Brks的翻译技巧”都与该段无关。
【长难句分析】Indeed science is s gd at what it des that there's always a temptatin t drag it int prblems where it may nt be helpful.的确,科学对它做的事情如此擅长,以至于总有一种要把它拖进无能为力解决的问题中的诱惑。本句是一个复合句。引导的是结果状语从句;where it may nt be helpful是定语从句,修饰prblems。
答案为：B; C; D; A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“these cmpunds are nw better knwn as flavnids(类黄酮)”可知B选项正确。“It might well have yu scratching yur head” 意为“它很有可能会让你挠头(冥思苦想)”,故A选项错误;“the term was first cined in the 1930s”意为“这个术语是20世纪30年代被创造的”,故C选项错误。根据“were believed t have health benefits”可知D选项错误。
推理判断题。根据文章后两段的介绍可知,维生素P对人体的作用有三种:(1) helping maintain bnes and teeth(有助于维持骨和牙齿):(2)… imprtant… fr the prductin f the prtein cllagen(胶原)(有助于产生胶原蛋白);(3)help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness(帮助身体应对一些导致疾病的主要驱动因素),因此A、B、D选项是对的,而C选项“Accelerating the circulatin f the bld” 说法不对,原文应该是 “The prtein cllagen(胶原) prvides structure t bld vessels, muscles and skin.”
词义猜测题。根据最后一段 “They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness, including xidatin(氧化), a natural prcess by which the bdy's cells age and can becme damaged and defective.”我们知道氧化会使我们的细胞衰老,受损或变得有缺陷。
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness, including xidatin(氧化), a natural prcess by which the bdy's cells age and can becme damaged and defective.”可知,维生素P可帮助抗氧化。氧化是人体细胞老化的自然过程,会导致细胞受损和有缺陷,与题干中的slw the aging prcess呼应。
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