高中英语Unit 3 Diverse Cultures当堂达标检测题

Unit 3 Diverse Cultures

课时素养检测

十二　Unit 3　Period 4

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　Around this time a few years ago,  it was common to see videos of friends on social media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them.  Known as the “ice bucket challenge”,  it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS.  But now,  there’s a new challenge and this time,  no water is involved. 

　　What is it?  Well,  think of a fruit that you’d never normally sink your teeth into.  Perhaps you’ve got it:  a lemon.  While we enjoy using lemons to add flavor to dishes,  very few of us would actually eat one as we’d eat an apple or an orange. 

　　But the horrible taste is the precise reason why the “lemon face challenge” is taking off.  Participants bite into a lemon,  taking a selfie (自拍) as they do it before posting the photo online.  The fun is all about expression people make as all that citric acid (柠檬酸) hits their taste buds(味蕾).  Every expression seems to say,  “This is worse than freezing water. ”

　　The serious side to this trend is the good cause it’s all in aid of.  The challenge aims to raise awareness of a rare brain cancer that affects young children.  It was started by Aubregh Nicholas,  an 11-year-old US kid.  She was diagnosed with this rare brain cancer herself in September 2017,  but has since raised almost $50, 000 to cover her medical expenses thanks to the challenge.  If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people,  it has to be something interesting and original.  That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces.  There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days.  The charity challenges,  however,  show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it.  

【语篇概述】本文是一篇议论文。“冰桶挑战”之后, 又一网红挑战“柠檬脸挑战“引发了全球关注。这些慈善挑战展示了网络文化是如何联合世界各地的人帮助那些最需要帮助的人。

1. Why is the ice bucket challenge mentioned in the article?

A. To show how charity gained its popularity online.

B. To introduce a similar challenge that raises money for charity.

C. To attract people’s attention to a rare disease.

D. To prove its popularity around the world.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段Known as the “ice bucket challenge”,  it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS. 可知, 文章中提到“冰桶挑战”是为了引入一个类似的挑战, 为慈善事业筹集资金。

2. Compared with the pre-Internet charity,  what is the advantage of online charity?

A. It raises more money,  than ever before.

B. It is started by the people who suffer rare diseases.

C. It brings people together easily and quickly.

D. It causes little doubt among people.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句The charity challenges,  however,  show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it.  可知, 在线慈善的优势是它能让最需要帮助的人们快速地得到救济。

3. What does the underlined phrase “took off” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Go away suddenly.

B. Become successful and popular.

C. Remove your clothes.

D. Take a break.

【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people,  it has to be something interesting and original. 可知, 如果一个挑战是要提高公众的知名度和贡献, 那就必须是一些有趣和原创的东西。 因此“冰桶挑战”在 2014 年能获得成功, 这也解释了为什么现在有那么多人在分享他们的柠檬脸。由此推知画线词的意思是“获得成功”, 故选B。

4. What is the author’s attitude towards online charity?

A. Positive. 　　　　　　 B. Indifferent.

C. Negative.      D. Ambiguous.

【解析】选A。观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句The serious side to this trend is the good cause it’s all in aid of. 可知, 作者认为在线慈善这种趋势很好。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句

　　根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Advice on Business Communication

　　In the 21st century,  more and more business is international. 　1　 More large companies now understand how important it is to have a knowledge of different cultures and languages. Here is some advice to improve business communication between people of different cultures.  

　　Slow down.

In a business situation it is very important to communicate your ideas and intentions clearly. Make sure there are no mistakes by speaking clearly and not too fast.

　　Take turns.

　　　2　 In everyday conversation this can seem strange,  but in cross-cultural business situations,  this formal style makes communication much easier.  

　　Give encouragement.

　　　3　 If the people you are talking with are having trouble finding the right English words,  be sensitive(体贴的) to this. They may need your help. Encourage them not to be shy in communicating.  

　　Use everyday language.

　　It is usually best not to use informal language or colorful variations(变体) of language. 　4　 It is advised to speak using well-known words and expressions.  

　　　5　 

　　In many countries,  business communication is quite serious and formal. People from other cultures may not be comfortable with jokes in a business situation. Even worse,  jokes might be seen as impolite or might not be understood.

A. Be careful about jokes.

B. Prepare a short speech.

C. It can be very difficult to speak good English.

D. After each of your questions,  wait for the other side to speak.

E. These will often not be understood by people from other countries.

F. Communication between people of different cultures is more important than ever.

G. Just ask how things are going and how they feel about the service you’re providing.

【语篇概述】本文为说明文。作者介绍了在21世纪, 商业变得越来越国际化。并且作者给出了几条有关如何进行成功的国际商业沟通的建议。

1. 【解析】选F。顺承关系。根据下文中的关键信息between people of different cultures可知, F项中的关键信息between people of different cultures与其一致; 且F项(不同文化的人之间的交流比以前更重要)也与空后的“更多的大公司现在也了解了掌握不同文化和语言知识是多么重要”之间具有语义上的顺承关系, 故选F项。

2. 【解析】选D。诠释关系。本段的主要内容是Take turns(轮流讲话), 这与D项(在你每次提出问题后, 等着另一方去说)表达的内容相吻合。空后是对D项做法的解释说明, 故选D项。

3. 【解析】选C。顺承关系。根据空处下一句中的having trouble finding the right English words可知, 这与C项(说流利的英语会很难)内容相吻合, 故选C项。

4. 【解析】选E。递进关系。空处是对上一句. . . usually best not to use. . . 的解释说明, 分析选项可知, E项符合题意, These指代空处上一句中的informal language or colorful variations of language, 故选E项。

5. 【解析】选A。总分关系。空处为本段的主题句。根据本段中的关键词jokes可知, A项(讲笑话时要小心)可以用作本段的主题句, 故选A项。

Ⅲ. 完形填空

　　During a recent holiday I visited Dusseldorf,  a city in the former West Germany. The nine-day trip impressed me deeply. I arrived at Dusseldorf airport at 7 pm. It was already dark outside. The first thing I needed to do was to find a place to　 1　. I decided to telephone the youth hotel. But to use the　2　 I needed some coins. I asked a lady for help. To my surprise,  she　3　 me three coins to use. But all phones in the airport needed phone cards.  And phone cards could only be　4　 at post offices during the daytime. I was afraid I　5　 be able to call the hotel. An old gentleman helped me. He couldn’t speak English but　6　 that I needed to make a phone call. He showed me where the phone was and inserted his phone card. I called the youth hotel and found a place to stay that night. The 　7　 of the German people made me feel that I was not far from home. And my first day in Germany wasn’t as　8　 as I expected.  

　　Wherever I went,  I asked people for　9　. It surprised me that almost every young German could speak English　10　. Older Germans　11　 speak English very well,  but they would try to help me whenever they could. One middle-aged man I　12　directions even drove me to the place I was looking for. My experience in Germany totally changed my　13　of Germans.  

　　Before,  I thought they were unfriendly to foreigners. In many World War Ⅱ films Germans were unfriendly. But things changed 　14　. And the people couldn’t be 　15　 friendly.  

【语篇概述】本文讲述了“我”到德国旅游时得到了德国人的帮助, “我”对德国人的印象由“坏”到“好”。

1. A. live　 　B. stay　 　C. work　 　D. visit

【解析】 选B。 找旅馆是为了有个地方可以住下, 并且下文“. . . and found a place to stay that night”一句中再现了“stay”一词, 因此选B。

2. A. hotel  B. taxi  C. phone  D. money

【解析】 选C。根据I decided to telephone the youth hotel. 及后文再现“phone” 一词, 可知答案选C。

3. A. lent  B. shared

C. borrowed D. gave

【解析】 选D。结合全文主旨可知硬币是给而不是借, 故选D。

4. A. bought B. found

C. used  D. called

【解析】 选A。根据文意可知, 电话卡只能在邮局买, 其他不符合语境, 故选A。

5. A. couldn’t  B. should

C. wouldn’t  D. will

【解析】 选C。根据And phone cards could only be______ at post offices during the daytime. 可知此处应为否定, 另外could不能与be able to 连用, 故答案选C。 

6. A. mistook  B. heard

C. wondered  D. understood

【解析】 选D。根据下文那位老人的所作所为可知, 他已“明白”我是想打电话。故选D。

7. A. kindness  B. help

C. phone   D. coins

【解析】 选A。根据 the German people made me feel that I was not far from home可知选A项。

8. A. unforgettable   B. interesting

C. terrible     D. exciting

【解析】 选C。根据下文Before,  I thought they were unfriendly to foreigners. 可推知, “我”本以为第一天会很糟糕。故选C。

9. A. directions B. advice

C. English   D. way

【解析】 选A。下文再现了“directions”一词可知, 答案选A。

10. A. often  B. fluently

C. little   D. much

【解析】 选B 。 根据上下文逻辑推知几乎每个年轻的德国人都会“流利”的英语, 这让我吃惊。故选B。

11. A. could  B. couldn’t

C. can    D. did

【解析】 选B。根据but they would try to help me whenever they could. 可推知老人说英语并不像年轻人说的那样好。故选B。

12. A. begged for  B. called for

C. asked for   D. paid for

【解析】 选C 。 本段首句已出现过该结构, 根据句子结构和语境可知, 答案选C。

13. A. love   B. life

C. impression  D. interest

【解析】 选C。根据首段中The nine-day trip impressed me deeply. 和全文内容可知, 在德国的经历改变了“我”对德国人原先的不良“印象”。故选C。

14. A. by then  B. since then

C. later    D. before

【解析】 选B。根据上文My experience in Germany totally changed my______of Germans. 可知, “从那时起”情况有所变化。故选B。 

15. A. still  B. much C. too  D. more

【解析】 选D。最后一句点明全文中心, 德国人已友好到极点, 无法“更友好了”。故选D。

Ⅳ. 语法填空

　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　It is a great 1. (true) that life is difficult.  Once we really understand and accept it,  then life is no longer difficult.  However,  most of us do not

2. (full) see it.  They just complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy.

　　3. makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a really painful one.  Problems, 4. (base) on their nature,  cause sadness or regret or anger or fear.  These are 5. (comfort) feelings,  often as painful as any kind of physical pain.  It is in the whole process of solving problems

6. life has its meaning.  Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure.  When we want to strengthen the growth of human spirit,  we encourage the human ability 7. (solve) problems,  just as in school we set problems for our children to deal with.  8. (learn) from the pain of meeting and working out problems is 9. great benefit.  As Benjamin Franklin said,  “Those things that hurt,  instruct. ” For this reason,  wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of 10. (problem).

【语篇概述】这是一篇议论文。生活是艰难的, 这是一个伟大的真理。一旦我们真正理解并接受它, 生活就不再困难。正因为如此, 明智的人应学会不要害怕, 而要欢迎问题带来的痛苦。

1. 【解析】truth。考查名词。根据上文great是形容词, 修饰名词, 故填truth。

2. 【解析】fully。考查副词。修饰动词see, 故填fully。

3. 【解析】What。考查主语从句引导词。此处是主语从句作主语, 从句缺少引导词, 从句缺少主语, 表示“……的”, 故填What。

4. 【解析】based。考查非谓语动词。be based on以……为基础, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 修饰problem, 故填based。

5. 【解析】uncomfortable。考查形容词。此处是形容词修饰名词, 结合句意可知答案为uncomfortable。

6. 【解析】that。考查强调句式。此处是强调句型, 强调in the whole process of solving problems, 故填that。

7. 【解析】to solve。考查动词不定式作后置定语。the ability to do sth. “做某事的能力”, 用动词不定式作后置定语, 故答案为to solve。

8. 【解析】Learning。考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词, 故learn只能是非谓语动词, 在句中作主语应用动名词形式, 故填Learning。

9. 【解析】of。考查固定搭配。固定搭配: be of great benefit意为“对……非常有利”, 故填of。

10. 【解析】problems。考查名词复数。problem为可数名词, 应用复数表示一类。

阅读理解

A

　　After I was married and had lived in Japan for a while,  my Japanese gradually improved to the point where I could take part in simple conversations with my husband and his friends and family.  And I began to notice that often,  when I joined in,  the others would look surprised,  and the conversational topic would come to a stop.  After this happened several times,  it became clear to me that I was doing something wrong.  But for a long time,  I didn’t know what it was.

Finally,  after listening carefully to many Japanese conversations,  I discovered what my problem was.  Even though I was speaking Japanese,  I was handling the conversation in a Western way.

　　A Western-style conversation between two people is like a game of tennis.  If I introduce a topic,  a conversational ball,  I expect you to hit it back.  If you agree with me,  I don’t expect you simply to agree and do nothing more.  I expect you to add something—a reason for agreeing,  another example,  or a detailed explanation to carry the idea further.  But I don’t expect you always to agree.  I am just as happy if you question me,  or challenge me,  or completely disagree with me.  Whether you agree or disagree,  your response will return the ball to me.

　　A Japanese-style conversation,  however,  is not at all like tennis or volleyball.  It’s like bowling.  You wait for your turn.  And you always know your place in line.  It depends on such things as whether you are older or younger,  a close friend or a relative stranger to the previous speaker,  in a senior or junior position,  and so on.

　　When your turn comes,  you step up to the starting line with your bowling ball and carefully bowl it.  Everyone else stands back and watches politely,  murmuring encouragement.  Everyone waits until the ball has reached the end of the alley(球场)and watches to see if it knocks down all the pins,  or only some of them,  or none of them.  There is a pause,  while everyone registers your score.

　　Then,  after everyone is sure that you have completely finished your turn,  the next person in line steps up to the same starting line,  with a different ball.  He doesn’t return your ball,  and he does not begin from where your ball stopped.  And there is always a suitable pause between turns.  There is no rush,  no scramble for the ball.

　　If you have been trained all your life to play one game,  it is no simple matter to switch to another,  even if you know the rules.  Knowing the rules is not at all the same thing as playing the game.

【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文, 作者结合自己的切身经历谈论了日式谈话和西式谈话的不同之处, 由此告诉我们与来自另一个国家的人交谈是困难的。

1. The author makes all of the following arguments EXCEPT that ______.  

A. Japanese-style conversations are like bowling.

B. Western-style conversations are like tennis or volleyball

C. in Japanese-style conversations,  you must wait your turn to speak

D. Western-style conversations are longer than Japanese-style conversations

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A Japanese-style conversation,  however,  is not at all like tennis or volleyball.  It’s like bowling.  You wait for your turn. ”可知, A、C项有提及。由第三段内容可知, B项正确。没有涉及D项, 故选择D项。

2. The author’s purpose in writing this article is to ______.  

A. instruct　　　　 B. entertain

C. joke     D. criticize

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知, 作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们日式谈话和西式谈话的不同之处, 由此可知, 作者写这篇文章就是为了给大家一些指导, 注意与来自另一个国家的人交谈时谈话方式的差异, 故A项正确。

3. The main idea of the article is ______.  

A. people talk differently in Japan than in the West

B. it’s important to take part in conversations

C. talking with someone from another country proves difficult

D. it’s rude to interrupt someone who is speaking

【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文, 特别是根据最后一段内容可知, 作者结合自己的切身经历谈论了日式谈话和西式谈话的不同之处, 由此告诉我们与来自另一个国家的人交谈是困难的, 故C项正确。

B

　　Born in America, I spoke English, not Chinese, the language of my ancestors.  When I was three, my parents flashed cards with Chinese characters at my face, but I pushed them aside.  My mom believed I would learn when I was ready.  But the time never came. 

　　On a Chinese New Year’s Eve, my uncle spoke to me in Chinese, but all I could do was stare at him, confused, scratching my head. “Still can’t speak Chinese? ”He laughed at me, “You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown. ”

　　“Hey, this is America, not China.  I’ll get some right now with or without Chinese. ” I replied and turned to my mom for permission.

　　“Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu, ”she said, handing over a $20 bill.  I repeated the words, running downstairs into the streets of Chinatown.

　　I found the fish stand surrounded in a sea of customers.  “I’d like to buy some fresh fish, ”I shouted to the fishman.  But he ignored my English words and turned to serve the next customer.  The laugh of the people behind increased with their impatience.  With every second, the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger—my blood boiling—forcing me to cry out, “Xian Sheng Yu, please. ” “Very Xian Sheng, ”I repeated.  The crowd erupted into laughter.  My face turned pale and I ran back home empty-handed, except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my pocket.

　　Should I laugh or cry? They’re Chinese.  I’m Chinese.  I should feel right at home.  Instead, I was the joke, a disgrace(丢脸)to the language.  

　　Sometimes, I laugh at my fish incident, but, in the end,  the joke is on me.  Every laugh is a culture lost; every laugh is my heritage(传统)fading away.

【语篇概述】本文通过介绍作者在美国出生, 小的时候不懂汉语, 到唐人街上买鱼被嘲笑的一次经历, 反映了作者对中国语言文化传承的反思。

4. What can we know from the first paragraph?

A. As a child,  the writer refused to learn Chinese though his parents asked him to.

B. The writer’s parents gave him too high expectation.

C. The writer’s mother tongue was English.

D. The writer’s parents favoured him.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。第一段主要告诉我们, 作者出生在美国, 父母在他小的时候让他学习汉语, 但他不学。故选A项。

5. How did the writer feel about buying fish before he got to the market in Chinatown?

A. Discouraged.  B. Confident.

C. Worried.   D. Frightened.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段作者说的话可知, 他对自己在唐人街买到鱼很自信。

6. Why did the fishman ignore the writer?

A. Because he thought the writer was joking.

B. Because he thought the writer might have no money.

C. Because he was too busy.

D. Because he thought the writer should have spoken Chinese.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第五段的“But he ignored my English words”可知, 卖鱼者认为作者不应该说英语, 应该说汉语。故选D项。

7. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 mean?

A. In Chinatown,  with all Chinese around,  I should feel comfortable.

B. I think I’m right and it’s wrong of them to laugh at me.

C. I think I should do well at home.

D. Everything will be settled at home.

【解析】选A。句意猜测题。feel at home表示“感觉自在”; 此处表示“在唐人街, 四周都是中国人, 我应该感到自在”。故选A项。