2021届高考一轮复习梳理点拨学案：人教版必修3Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote

Unit 3  The Million Pound Bank Note基础自主检测阅读识记Ⅰ.英译汉1.birthplace n. 出生地；故乡2.phrase n. 短语；词组；惯用语3.pavement n. 人行道4.embassy n. 大使馆；大使及其官员5.genuine adj. 真的；真诚的6.barber n. 理发师Ⅱ.汉译英1.businessman n. 商人2.bay n. 海湾3.envelope n. 信封4.scream vi. 尖声叫　n. 尖叫声；喊叫声5.rag n. 破布；碎布6.bow vi.& n. 鞠躬；弯腰高频应用1.wander vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊2.ahead adv. 在前；向前；提前3.stare vi. 凝视；盯着看4.fault n. 过错；缺点；故障5.spot vt. 发现；认出　n. 斑点；污点；地点6.passage n. 船费 (包括食宿)；通道；(一)段7.account vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有　n. 说明；理由；计算；账目8.contrary n. 反面；对立面　adj. 相反的；相违的9.amount n. 数量10.manner n. 礼貌；举止；方式11.indeed adv. 真正地；确实；实在拓展变形1.novel (n.) 小说；长篇故事  (adj.) 新奇的；异常的→novelist (n.) 小说家2.adventure (n.) 奇遇；冒险→adventurous (adj.) 冒险的3.scene (n.) (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色→scenery (n.) 景色4.permit (vt.& vi.) 许可；允许；准许 (n.) 通行证；许可证；执照→permission (n.) 允许；许可→permitted (过去式/过去分词)5.seek (vt.& vi.) 寻找；探索；寻求→sought (过去式/过去分词)6.patience (n.) 耐性；忍耐→patient (adj.) 耐心的；有耐性的→patiently (adv.)  有耐心地7.believe (vt.) 相信；信任→belief (n.) 信念；信仰→unbelievable (adj.) 难以置信的→believable (adj.) 可相信的8.rude (adj.) 粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely (adv.) 粗鲁地→rudeness (n.) 粗鲁 1.前缀un­必备形容词集锦①unbelievable 难以置信的②unable 不能的，不会的③unimportant 不重要的④unequal 不平等的⑤unreasonable 不合理的⑥unwilling 不愿意的2.以­ssion结尾的名词集锦①permission 许可②discussion 讨论③possession 拥有④expression 表情⑤impression 印象 一 动词＋介/副词1.bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出2.go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说3.stare at 凝视；盯着看4.account for 导致；解释二 介词＋名词5.in rags 衣衫褴褛6.by accident 偶然；无意中；不小心7.on the contrary 与此相反；正相反三 动词＋名词8.make a bet 打赌9.take a chance 冒险四 其他10.a large amount of 许多；大量11.as for 关于；至于12.from the bottom of one's heart 发自内心1.“v.＋for”高频短语聚焦①account for 是……的原因；解释；占(比例)②apply for 申请③call for 要求；需要　　　　 ④care for 喜欢⑤answer for 对……负责   ⑥arrange for 安排⑦leave for 出发去(某地)   ⑧hope for 希望；期望2.“take a(n)＋n.”一览①take a chance 冒险；碰运气②take an opportunity 抓住机会③take a seat 就座④take a shower 淋浴，洗澡⑤take an exam 参加考试⑥take an example 举例，示范⑦take a nap 小睡一会儿⑧take a break 休息一下 1.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea (发觉自己被刮到海里去了) by a strong wind.(教材P18)2.had just done ... when ... “刚做完……，这时……”The next morning I'd just about given myself up (我正感到绝望的时候) for lost when I was spotted by a ship (这时一艘船发现了我). (教材P18)3.强调句型： It＋be＋被强调部分＋that ... And it was the ship that (正是那艘船) brought you to England. (教材P18)4.主语从句：It is well­known that ... “众所周知”，it作形式主语，后面的that从句为真正的主语 It is well­known that (众所周知) Americans like to eat a lot. (教材P22)5.whenever＝no matter when，引导让步状语从句Indeed, sir, I hope you'll come here whenever you like (您想来的时候就来). (教材P22) 单句语法填空1.At this moment, they see a penniless young man          (wander) on the pavement.答案：wandering2.It is Henry Adams, an American businessman,          is lost in London and does not know what he should do.答案：who3.I wonder, Mr Adams,          you'd mind us asking a few questions.答案：if4.The fact is          I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,          accounts for my appearance.答案：that; which5.         you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have？答案：If6.We know you're hard­working. That's          we've given you the letter.答案：why7.It's          (amaze) how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life.答案：amazing8.Henry is surprised but the owner and the waiter are 　　　　 (shock).答案：shocked9.I'm so sorry, sir,          I cannot change this bank note.答案：but10.You must come whenever you want and have          you like.答案：whatever 考点步步冲关1 scene　n. (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色Act I, Scene 3 (P17)第一幕，第3场on the scene 在现场；出现；到场behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中be/come on the scene 出场；登场[名师点津]　scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句时，若关系词在定语从句中作状语，一般用关系副词where或in which来引导。 即时练1单句语法填空①Nine people died          the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.②On receiving the call, the police rushed to the scene,          a traffic accident happened.答案：①on　②where/in which 2 permit　v．允许；准许；许可n．许可证；执照；通行证Permit me to lead the way, sir. (P18)先生，请让我来带路吧。 允许某人(做)某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事a driver's/driving permit 驾驶执照(2)permission n. [U]允许；许可with/without one's permission 得到允许/未经允许ask for permission 请求允许[名师点津]　与permit一样，后面直接跟doing或sb. to do sth.的动词还有：encourage, allow, advise, recommend, forbid等。 即时练2单句语法填空①She had asked the government for          (permit) to move the books to a safe place, but they refused.②The government has already permitted the company          (use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.答案：①permission　②to use单句写作③时间允许的话，我要去参观长城。                      ， I will visit the Great Wall.(用if从句)→                ， I will visit the Great Wall.(用独立主格形式)④你若没有驾驶执照，就不允许开这辆车。Without                  you                      drive the car.⑤没有你的许可，我决不会执行这项任务。                      ， I will never carry out the project.答案：③If time permits; Time permitting　④a driver's/driving permit; are not permitted to　⑤Without your permission 3 account　vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有　          n．说明；理由；计算；账目；报道The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.(P18)事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。(1)account for 解释；说明；占……(比例)(2)on account of 由于；因为on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)(3)take ... into account＝take ... into consideration 考虑……(4)open an account  开设账户 即时练3根据提示，在下面表示“决不”的短语中填入介词①         no case②         no means③         no time④         no way⑤         no circumstances⑥         no account答案：①in　②by　③at　④in　⑤in/under　⑥on单句写作⑦因为缺钱，她不能继续学习了。Lack of money                her not continuing her studies.⑧他由于健康不佳而退休了。He retired                  poor health.⑨离开住宅时千万要锁门。On no account                            left unlocked.⑩那可能还不错，但是我们必须全面考虑。That might be OK, but we must                               .答案：⑦accounts for　⑧on account of　⑨should the house be　⑩take everything into account/consideration 4 seek　vt.& vi.(sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求I went to the American embassy to seek help, but ... (P18)我去美国大使馆求助，但是……seek after/for sth. 追寻/追求/寻找某物seek sth. from sb. 向某人寻求某物seek one's fortune 寻找致富及成功之道seek sb./sth. out 找出或找到某人/某物seek to do sth.＝try/attempt to do sth. 试图/企图做某事[名师点津]　表示“寻找”的短语还有：look for, search for, hunt for等。 即时练4单句语法填空①How can we seek          a really suitable person for the job?②He is a man who likes seeking          wealth and power.③We seek          (help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the process of learning.答案：①out　②after　③to help单句写作④事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。The fact is that nowadays many young people are                          in big cities.答案：seeking their fortune 1bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐教材原句He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River.(P17)他在密西西比河畔密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。bring about  导致；造成bring back 带回；恢复；使回忆bring down  降低；减少bring in  带来；引进；赚钱bring out  使显现；出版bring sth. to life 使……复苏 即时练1写出下列句中bring up的含义①These are matters that you can bring up in the committee.         ②We are brought up to respect others.         ③Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.        ④He was so sick that he brought up everything.        答案：①提出　②教育　③教育；抚养　④呕吐用bring相关短语的适当形式填空⑤He left her to              three young children on her own.⑥His singing                my memories of my father.⑦The new plan will                  the inflation rate.⑧The boy              about 30 dollars a week by doing that odd job.答案：⑤bring up　⑥brings back　⑦bring down　⑧brings in 2go ahead 前进；先走；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；请说；请做；干吧；开始吧教材原句Go right ahead.(P18)请问吧。go ahead with ... 开始/进行……go against 反对；不利于；与……相背go without 没有……也行；将就……go out 外出；(灯、火)熄灭go over 仔细检查；反复研究go through 仔细查看；遭受；经历go after 追求；设法获得go wrong 出毛病 即时练2用go相关短语的适当形式填空①—Do you mind if I smoke here?—              .②               your story; we are all ears.③The famous singer's behavior              social morality and law.④There's no money for a holiday; we'll have to               .⑤You can have what you want, only if you will              it.答案：①Go ahead　②Go ahead with　③goes against　④go without　⑤go after 3take a chance 冒险；碰运气教材原句Well, we'll have to take a chance.(P22)哦，我们得冒点儿风险。take chances＝take a chance冒险have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事by chance＝by accident偶然；碰巧The chances are (that) ... 有可能……(that引导表语从句)There is a chance that ... 可能……(that引导同位语从句) 即时练3单句语法填空①What's more, I consider it a good chance          (enjoy) the wonderful scenery and taste the delicious food here and there.②I ran into her          chance one night and got her email address.答案：①to enjoy　②by一句多译如果他得到及时的治疗，他很可能在一个星期内康复。③                           he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment. (the chances are ... )④                               he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment. (there be ... )答案：③The chances are that　④There is a chance that 1Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea  by a strong wind.(P18)翻译哦，快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。(1)find＋宾语＋(2)可用于复合宾语结构的动词有：see, hear, watch, notice, have等。(3)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) 即时练1单句语法填空①But when the police arrived, they found the door          (lock) and all windows closed.②A cook will be immediately fired if he is found          (smoke) in the kitchen.③That's why she often finds herself          (help) when she meets with some challenges.答案：①locked　②smoking　③helpless单句写作——句式升级④他发现女儿被书和信件包围着，看上去很焦急。a．普通表达：He found that his daughter                      books and letters and that she looked very worried.b．高级表达：He found his daughter                books and  letters and                       . (分词作宾补)答案：a.was surrounded by　b．surrounded by; looking very worried 2The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.(P18)翻译第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。(1)had just done ... when ... 刚做完……这时……；when在这个结构中为并列连词，相当于and then或and just at that time。(2)其他结构相同的句型还有：be doing ... when ... 正在做……这时/突然……be about to do ... when ... 正要做……这时……be on the point of doing ... when ... 正要做……这时…… 即时练2单句语法填空①I          (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.②He had walked for about a mile          a volunteer searcher found him.答案：①was driving　②when单句写作③我正打算离开时，突然有人给他打电话。I                            someone called him up.④一天早上，我正步行去上学，就在这时发现了一个坐在长凳上读报纸的人。One morning, I                                                       on the bench reading newspapers.答案：③was just about to leave/was on the point of leaving when　④was walking to school when I found a man sitting 名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句宾语从句　在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句(Object Clause)。引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连词that, whether, if等；连接代词what, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等；连接副词when, where, why, how等。①He told me that he would go to Guangzhou the following day.他告诉我他第二天要去广州。②I don't know if/whether he will attend the meeting.我不知道他是否会参加会议。③I want to know where she has gone.我想知道她去哪里了。(1)宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中需用陈述句语序。④Where is the post office? He doesn't know.→He doesn't know where the post office is.他不知道邮局在哪里。(2)宾语从句中的时态宾语从句的时态应与主句谓语动词时态呼应。(客观事实除外)⑤He said that they were having a meeting at that time.他说他们当时正在开会。⑥He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光传播速度比声音快得多。表语从句　在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句(Predicative Clause)，通常由连词that, whether；连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等以及连接副词when, where, how, why引导。从句的语序用陈述语序。此外，表语从句还可用as if, as though, because等引导。if不引导表语从句。⑦What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.他想知道的是到明天早晨我们是否能完成工作。⑧The patient looked as if he had been ill for a long time.这个病人看起来好像病了很长一段时间。⑨The reason why he was so late was that he missed the first bus this morning.他如此晚的原因是他今天早晨错过了第一辆公共汽车。 即时练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree­lined street, not knowing          she was heading.答案：where2．He asked me          I could help him.答案：whether/if3．Please tell me          my mother will return from abroad, so I can meet her at the airport.答案：when4．It is the same old story of not being grateful for 　　　　 we have until we lose it.答案：what5．After five hours' drive, they reached          they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.答案：whatⅡ.单句改错1．The problem is that who will be equal to the task. 答案：去掉that2．We can't imagine how the ancient life was like. 答案：how→what3．I'll give her however she needs. 答案：however→whatever4．The telephone is ringing. Answer it to see whoever is calling. 答案：whoever→who5．The members of his family are proud of that he has achieved in the past three years. 答案：that→what 基础达标演练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Good          (manner) are  key to your social success.答案：manners2．It is very important to teach the children how to deal with   others' kindness and          (rude)．答案：rudeness3．I don't know how they manage          (bring) up four children, for they are as poor as church mice.答案：to bring4．I          (wander) along the pavement yesterday   when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the  police station.答案：was wandering5．Finally he lost his          (patient) and started to   yell at his mother.答案：patience6．Many people spend years          (seek) for peace of   mind, often with little success.答案：seeking7．When he came to himself, he found himself          (lock) in the room.答案：locked8．His health does not permit him          (climb) the   hill.答案：to climb9．It is the children          are making so much noise in   the garden.答案：who/that10．Tom's careless driving accounted                 the accident yesterday.答案：forⅡ.单句改错1．When we wanted to go through the forest, we found ourselves losing. 答案：losing→lost2．I had just finished writing the novel then the electricity was cut off. 答案：then→when3．The manager had mercy on the children dressed in rag and gave them some food. 答案：rag→rags4．There is a chance he will attend the important meeting. 答案：chance后加that5．I need to call my dad and ask for permit before we go out. 答案：permit→permissionⅢ.教材微写作A．根据提示完成句子1．上周六，我在街上溜达时无意中碰见了我妈妈的一个好朋友。(wander; by accident)  答案：Last Saturday, I was wandering along the street when I met one of my mother's good friends by accident.2．她开始向我诉说我妈妈抚养我有多么不容易。(bring up)  答案：She began to tell me the great difficulty my mum had bringing me up.3．说实话，我不想让她继续说下去。(go ahead)  答案：To be honest, I didn't want her to go ahead with the story.4．不是因为我不礼貌。(manner)  答案：It was not because I had bad manners.5．相反，我不想回忆起那段痛苦的日子。(contrary)  答案：On the contrary, I didn't want to recall that painful memory.B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：Last Saturday, I was wandering along the street when I met one of my mother's good friends by accident. She began to tell me the great difficulty my mum had bringing me up. To be honest, I didn't want her to go ahead with the story. It was not because I had bad manners. On the contrary, I didn't  want to recall that painful memory.