2020版一轮复习英语译林全国版学案：必修1Unit2Growingpains




(一)课前自主学习

Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．act n．　　　　　　 　　 (戏剧的)一幕
2．curtain n. 窗帘；(舞台上的)幕布
3．soccer n. 〈美〉英式足球，足球
4．garbage n． [纵联1] 〈美〉(生活)垃圾
5．fault n. 过错，错误
6．anyhow adv. 反正；尽管如此
7．sigh vi. 叹气
8．cafe n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆
9．distant adj. 不友好的，冷淡的，疏远的；遥远的
10．adolescence n. 青春期
11．guidance n. 指导，引导
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．bend vi. 弯腰，屈身
vt. (使)弯曲
2．balance vt.& vi.& n. 平衡；抵消
3．scene n. (戏剧的)一场；场面；景色
4．upset adj. 不高兴的，失望的
vt. 使不高兴，使失望
5．deserve vt.[纵联2] 值得；应得；应受
6．emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况
7．last vi. 持久
vt. 持续，维持(一段时间)
8．handle vt. 处理；应付
9．insist vi. 坚持，坚持认为
10．teenager n． [纵联3] (13－19岁的)青少年
11．patience n. 耐心
12．selfish adj. [纵联4] 自私的
13．forbid vt. 禁止
14．misunderstand vt. 误解
15．normal n．& adj. 正常(的)，一般(的)
16．physical adj. 身体的；物质的
17．tend vi. 往往；趋向
vt. 照看
18．challenge n．& vt. 挑战
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的，令人害怕的→frighten vt.使惊吓，使害怕
2．starve vi.挨饿；饿死vt.使挨饿→starvation n．饿死→starving adj.挨饿的
3．tolerate vt.容忍；允许→tolerance n．容忍；允许→tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的
4．behavior n．行为，举止→behave v．表现；检点
5．defend vt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护→defence/defense n．防御；答辩；防护→defensive adj.防卫的，防御的；辩护的
6．argument n．争吵，辩论；论点，论据→argue vt.争吵，争论；论证，争辩
7．harm vt.& n．伤害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
8．confused adj.困惑的，不解的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑，把……弄糊涂；混淆→confusion n．困惑，糊涂；混淆
9．limit n．限制；极限；界限vt.限制→limited adj.有限的
10. rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地，无礼地→rudeness n．粗鲁
11．explanation n．解释，说明→explain vt.& vi.讲解，解释

纵联1.晒晒“垃圾”朋友圈
①垃圾：garbage, rubbish, trash, litter
②垃圾桶：trash can, garbage can, garbage bin
③垃圾箱：dustbin
④倒垃圾：litter, take out the trash, throw the rubbish away
纵联2.“词中词”法帮你记
　①ant→distant遥远的　 　 ②star→starve挨饿
③have→behave表现 ④arm→harm伤害
⑤plain→explain解释 ⑥serve→deserve值得
⑦end→tend趋向
纵联3.“青少年”集中营
①teenager青少年 ②youth青少年，青年
③adolescent青少年 ④the young年轻人
⑤youngster少年 ⑥junior年少者；晚辈
纵联4.“n.＋­ish”集合
　①selfish自私的 ②foolish傻的，愚蠢的
③childish孩子气的 ④bookish喜欢书的
⑤girlish少女的 ⑥boyish男孩似的

单元话题——成长的烦恼
子话题1　悲伤与低落
①sorrow n. 悲伤，悲痛
②blue adj. 悲伤的；沮丧的
③down adj. 心情低落的
④depressed adj. 压抑的，情绪低落的
子话题2　忧虑与烦恼
①anxiety n. 担忧，焦虑
②bored adj. 厌倦的，烦闷的
子话题3　害怕与恐惧
①scare vt. 使害怕，使恐惧
②alarmed adj. 担心的，害怕的
③terrified adj. 感到害怕的
④frighten sb.into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
子话题4　遗憾与惭愧
①shame n. 遗憾的事；羞愧
②disappointment n. 失望；沮丧
③ashamed adj. 惭愧的；害臊的
子话题5　抱怨与冲突
①barrier n. 屏障，障碍
②friction n. 摩擦
③prejudice n. 偏见，成见
④tension n. 紧张局势
⑤complain vt.& vi. 抱怨
⑥embarrass vt. 使尴尬
⑦condemn vt. 谴责，指责；宣判
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2018·浙江高考阅读B)Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense❶ when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending❷ an industry behind the plastic shopping bag ...The bags are prohibited❸ in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles.
①make sense在此处意为：有意义，讲得通，后不跟宾语； make sense of表示“弄懂，理解”，后接宾语。
②选择加黑词在句中的意思：__C__
A．保卫　　　 B．防守　　　　C．辩护
③写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：forbid，它的同义词还有ban,_prevent等。
2．(2012·北京高考阅读D)This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason❶.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation❷ of the world obviously deserves❸ much more serious thinking.
①翻译加黑词块：不仅是情感的自由表达，也是理性的指引
②写出加黑词在本单元的近义词：defence/defense
③写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：值得，应得， deserve doing ＝ deserve to be done，动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)这部英文短片《一起成长》将持续一个半小时，很值得一看。(last, deserve)
The short English film whose name is Growing Together will last for an hour and a half and it deserves well seeing.
2．(2018·浙江高考书面表达)我坚持练习英语口语，平时我经常用英语在网上和外国人聊天。(tend, chat)
I_keep_on_practising_my_spoken_English_and_I_tend_to_chat_with_foreigners_in_English_on_the_Internet.


(二)课堂重点释疑
1．tolerate vt.容忍；允许
[记牢]
(1)容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
(2)tolerance n. 容忍；允许
tolerable adj. 可忍受的
tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的
be tolerant of/towards 对……宽容
(3)put up with (＝tolerate) 忍受，容忍
[练通]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①An excellent teacher won't tolerate/stand/bear cheating (cheat) in the examinations.
②The pain was severe but it's tolerable (tolerate)．
③Tolerance (tolerate) consists in respecting the opinions of others.
④As a good leader, she was always tolerant of/towards different views.
⑤She won't tolerate/bear/stand_her_son_making_the_same_mistakes in the physics test next time.
她不会容忍她儿子下次在物理考试中犯同样的错误。
[写美]
⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)中国的父母不容许他们的孩子在就餐时用筷子敲碗。
Chinese_parents_won't_tolerate_their_children_knocking_bowls_with_chopsticks_when_having_dinner.
2．scene n．(戏剧的)一场；现场；场面；景色
[辨清]　写出下列句中scene的含义
①The doctor was on the scene very quickly after the accident.现场
②Seeing the terrible scene, all of us were frightened.场面
③The photos taken by Hurley showed some undersea scenes.景色
④They played it so well, with tears in their eyes, that the scene seemed real._(戏剧的)一场
[记牢]
on the scene　　　　　　　 在现场
behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后；暗中
come on the scene 登场
[练通]　完成小语境
⑤The director, who had been behind_the_scenes,_announced on_the_scene at the awards party that the best actress of the film was about to come_on_the_scene.
一直在幕后指挥的导演在颁奖晚会现场宣布，这部影片的最佳女主角即将登场。
[用准]　scene作“场面；场景；现场”讲，后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作状语时，一般用副词where或in which来引导。
[写美]
⑥(2017·北京高考书面表达)泰山之旅将会带给你一些最令人兴奋的场景，比如看日出。
The_Mount_Tai_Tour_will_bring_you_some_of_the_most_exciting_scenes_such_as_watching_the_sunrise.
3．upset (upset，upset) adj.不高兴的，失望的vt.使不高兴，使失望；打翻
[辨清]　写出下列句中upset的词性和含义
①Both upset and annoyed, I decided to walk on feet.adj.不高兴的，失望的，心烦的
②The new comer's rudeness upsets everyone at present.vt.使心烦意乱，使不高兴，使失望
③He stood up suddenly, upsetting a cup of coffee on my shirt.vt.弄翻，打翻
[记牢]
(1)be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心/难过
be upset to do sth. 对做某事感到不安/难过
(2)It upsets sb.to do sth./that ...
让某人心烦的是……
[练通]　单句语法填空
④She was upset to_know (know) that her application for the position was refused.
⑤In my opinion, there is no point being upset about/at/over it.
⑥It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about the change of the meeting.
[写美]
⑦(2016·天津高考书面表达)虽然和你说再见我很难过，但我真诚地希望你能在不久的将来再次访问我们的学校。
Though_I_feel_upset_to_say_goodbye_to_you,_I_sincerely_hope_that_you_will_be_able_to_visit_our_school_again_in_the_near_future.
4．defend vt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护
[记牢]
(1)defend ... from/against ...　 保护……使不受……， 为……辩护
defend oneself 自卫
(2)defence/defense n. 防御；防护；答辩
in defence (of ...) (为……)辩护；防卫
in sb.'s/sth.'s defence 为某人/某事辩护；
在某人/某物的防备下
[练通]
单句语法填空
①When the dog attacked me, I defended myself (I) with a stick.
②My tutor told me the defence (defend) for my article must be handed in in seven days.
单句改错
③All the people were fighting against the earthquake in defence for their own homes.for→of
④The prisoner looked at his wife and sat silent, offering nothing to his own defence.to→in
[写美]　一句多译
(2015·江苏高考书面表达)应该训练孩子保护自己免遭某些交通事故的侵害。
⑤Children_should_be_trained_to_defend_themselves_against_some_traffic_accidents.(defend)
⑥Children_should_be_trained_in_defence_of_some_traffic_accidents.(defence)
5．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
[记牢]
deserve to do sth.　　　　　 应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve doing/to be done (某事)值得被做，应该被做
deserve consideration/attention　 值得考虑/注意
[练通]　完成句子
①You are a good human being and you_deserve_to_be_treated/treating as such.
你是一个好人，你应该受到这样的对待。
②It's true that she made a mistake but she_doesn't_deserve_to_lose_her_job.
她的确犯了错，但她不应该失去工作。
③With many wild animals gradually dying out, the_present_situation_deserves_
attention/paying_attention_to.
由于许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前形势值得注意。
[用准]　“deserve doing”结构是主动形式表示被动含义，它相当于deserve to be done。与deserve用法类似的词还有：need, want, require, demand (需要)。
[写美]
④(2017·北京高考书面表达)我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。
I_think_any_good_suggestion_deserves_consideration/considering/to_be_considered.
6．insist vi.坚持，坚持认为；坚决要求
[记牢]
insist on/upon (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事
insist that
[练通]　完成句子
①The only wonder is that so many states insist_on_closing their ears to the message.
唯一奇怪的是，如此多的国家坚持对这一消息置若罔闻。
②He insisted that he_hadn't_stolen the money.
他坚持说他没有偷那笔钱。
③He also insisted that they_(should)_leave enough space for children.
他还坚决要求他们应该为孩子们留有足够的空间。
[写美]
④(2017·天津高考书面表达)老师坚持主张要充分利用每一分钟来做好这项工作。
The_teacher_insisted_that_every_minute_(should)_be_made_full_use_of_to_do_the_work_well.
[联想]　后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气的常见动词有：一坚持(insist)，二命令(order, command)，三建议(advise, suggest, propose)，四要求(demand, require, request, ask)。
7．harm vt.& n．伤害
[记牢]
(1)　　　　　　对……有害
there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
harmless adj. 无害的
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Unrealistic top­down environmental policies can only do harm to the environment.
②Foods are properly cooked when they are heated to kill the harmful (harm) bacteria that cause foodborne illnesses.
③There's no great harm in drinking a little beer to relieve tiredness after hard work.
④You needn't worry and this experiment was harmless (harm) to the animals.
句型转换
Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to harm her mother.
⑤Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to do her mother harm.
⑥Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to do harm to her mother.
⑦Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to be harmful to her mother.
[写美]
⑧(2013·安徽高考书面表达)这些日子，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。
These_days,_breaking_traffic_rules_and_littering_are_not_uncommon,_causing/doing_serious_harm_to_life_and_the_environment.
8．forbid vt.(forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止，不准
[记牢]
forbid doing sth.　　　　　　 禁止做某事
forbid sb.to do sth.＝forbid sb.from doing sth.
禁止某人做某事
[练通]
单句语法填空
①If the Games take place in Canada, American television networks will_be_forbidden (forbid) to broadcast live sporting events.
②I think the middle school students should be forbidden to_use (use) smartphones at school.
③I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets from offering free plastic shopping bags.
④It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas.
句型转换
⑤For his study, his father forbade him/his chatting with WeChat.
→For his study, his father forbade him to chat/from chatting with WeChat.
[用准]　forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb.to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。
[写美]
⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)看短片期间，所有人都禁止大声说话，应仔细观看。
During_the_film,_all_of_you_are_forbidden_to_talk_loudly，but_should_watch_it_carefully.
9．tend vi.往往；趋向 vt.照看
[记牢]
(1)tend to do sth.　　　　　　　易于/往往会做某事
tend sb./sth. 照看某人/某物
(2)tendency n. 倾向，趋势
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
[练通]　单句语法填空
①If you are not careful, children tend to_neglect (neglect) their homework.
②(2017·浙江高考)Last October, while tending (tend) her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small carrots and was about to throw them away.
③The prices of vegetables are reported to have a tendency (tend) to increase in some cities.
[写美]　一句多译
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你不提前简单了解唐朝的历史，你往往会发现很难学会唐诗。
④If_you_do_not_understand_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_you_will_tend_to_find_it_difficult_to_learn_Tang_poetry.(tend)
⑤If_you_do_not_understand_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_you_will_have_a_tendency_to_find_it_difficult_to_learn_Tang_poetry.(tendency)
10．limit n．[C]限制；极限；界限vt.限制
[记牢]
(1)limit ... to ...　　　　　　 把……限制在……内
be limited to ... 受限制于……
(2)beyond the limit 超过限度
set a limit to 限制……
(3)limited adj. 有限的
limitless adj. 无限制的
[练通]
介词填空
①To save the expense, the number of daily guests is limited to less than 100.
②We must set a limit to the expense of the trip.
③In order to earn my living, I have always had to work beyond the limit of my strength.
完成小语境
④A man's life is limited,_but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.
一个人的生命是有限的，但是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务中去。
[写美]
⑤(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)文章的长度应限制在四百词左右。
The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so.
11．balance vt.& vi.& n．平衡；抵消
[记牢]
(1)keep/lose/break one's balance 　 保持/失去/打破平衡
(2)balance ... against ... 权衡……与……
(3)balanced adj. 保持平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡
[练通]　单句语法填空
①The little girl struggled to keep her balance on the balance beam.
②You'd better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
③You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
[写美]
④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)做运动能够平衡我们的身体，改善身体的灵活性。
Doing_exercise_can_balance_our_body_and_improve_our_physical_flexibility.
[词汇过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．With each passing year, the cost of getting a degree is on the rise.As a result, many students tend (趋向) to graduate from college with a significant amount of debt.
2．If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior (行为) and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.
3．The little Tom should get a chance at a normal (正常的), happy future and he is struggling to make that happen.
4．Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers (青少年), some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to.
5．What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve (应得) your luck.
6．As early as Spring and Autumn Period, each principality in China constructed its own “great wall” in various places to defend (保卫) itself from enemies.
7．Many people have come to realize that they should go on a balanced (平衡的) diet and make room in their day for exercise.
8．This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francis's most cheerful holiday scenes (景色)．
9．The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with a(n) emergency (紧急情况) is to stay calm.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If you insist on doing something, do it every day and you can make it.
2．I think the explanation (explain) about the problem isn't convincing, so it needs improving.
3．Teenagers go to sleep late because they tend to_do (do) things that excite them.
4．The boy couldn't tolerate other people's making (make) noise in the room, so he went out.
5．When the door was opened suddenly, the boy covered his head with his hands, as if in defence.
6．What is known to us is that drinking too much does harm to your health.
7．A scene where she meets Joe's girlfriend might be the funniest thing you see all year.
8．You make it very difficult for me to speak to you if you choose to misunderstand (understand) me.
9．It was so small and narrow that we had to be careful to keep our balance.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．We are living in the time of garbages, but German artist HA Schult is an unusual artist who uses trash (废物) to make sculptures.garbages→garbage
2．We should take measures to forbid to return illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.
to_return→returning
3．His children's books are classics that deserve know by more people.know→knowing
4．It's harmful for your health to drink too much.for→to
5．My mother encouraged me and insisted that I continued my education.
continued→continue
6．I believe teaching should not be limited on the classroom.on→to
Ⅳ.句型转换
1．It's forbidden for us to play football in the street.
①We are forbidden to play football in the street.
②We are forbidden from playing football in the street.
2．I insist on your taking action immediately.
→I insist that you should take action immediately.
3．She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.
→It upset her that he had left without saying goodbye.
4．Eating too much fat and salt does harm to health.
→Eating too much fat and salt is harmful to health.

(一)课前自主学习

1．be_supposed_to　　　　　　　 应该……，应当……
2．be_hard_on 对……苛刻，对……严厉
3．now_that 既然；由于
4．stay_up[串记1] 不睡觉，熬夜
5．mix_up[串记1] 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和
6．as_if[串记2] 好像，似乎
7．can't_wait_to_do_something 迫不及待地做某事
8．insist_on[串记3] 坚持，坚持认为
9．at_present 现在
10．along_with 与……一起
11．turn_up[串记1] 调高(音量)；出现
12．go_through 经历；仔细检查或寻找
13．keep_up_with 赶上，跟上
14．depend_on 依赖，依靠
15．take_in 吸收；欺骗
[同根短语串记]
串记1.up短语全接触
①turn up调高(音量)；出现 ②stay up不睡觉，熬夜
③pick up捡起；学会 ④bring up抚养；教养
⑤dress up穿上盛装；打扮 ⑥clear up澄清；放晴
⑦make up虚构；弥补；组成；化妆；整理
⑧mix up混淆；搅匀
串记2.as短语一扫光
　①as if/though好像 ②as to/for关于，至于
③as usual照例，照常 ④as follows如下
⑤as a result结果 ⑥as a rule通常
⑦as a whole总的来说 ⑧as a matter of fact事实上
串记3.“v.＋on”短语大集合
①depend on依赖，依靠 ②insist on坚持
③keep on继续 ④carry on继续；进行
⑤turn/switch on打开 ⑥count on依靠


1．a day earlier than expected 比预期的时间提前一天
2．in a mess 一团糟
3．make good decisions 做出好的决定
4．feel this way 有同感
5．a common part of adolescence 青春期的正常组成部分
6．psychological changes 心理上的变化
7．in this regard 在这方面
8．fit in society 适应社会

1．The room is in a mess, with_pizza_boxes_on_the_floor_and_dirty_dishes_in_the_sink.
房间一片狼藉，地上是比萨饼盒子，水槽里是脏兮兮的盘子。
2．Listen to me, young man — we left_you_in_charge!
听我说，年轻人——我们将这个家委托给你负责！
3．Daniel has_his_arms_crossed and looks upset.
丹尼尔双臂交叉抱在胸前，看上去很不高兴。
4．Sometimes he acts as_if_he_doesn't_love_us_at_all.
有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。
5．Also, _every_time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.
还有，每次我看DVD，他要么催着我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我要多花些时间学习。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块和句式
1．(2010·辽宁高考阅读A)The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well (但是看上去好像庄稼长得不怎么好)．More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately.(把黑体部分译成汉语)
2．(2010·全国卷Ⅰ完形)The nurse had him ①take (take) a seat in the waiting area, telling him it would be at least 40 minutes ②before someone would be able to see him.I saw him ③looking (look) at his watch and decided, since I was not busy — my patient didn't turn ④up at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound.While taking care ⑤of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctor's appointment.(根据提示完成小片段)

高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式
(根据提示翻译句子)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)首先，根据我们的传统，每次你去拜访一个家庭，你都应该带一些礼物，比如一篮水果或一盒巧克力。(every time, be supposed to)
To_begin_with,_according_to_our_tradition,_every_time_you_visit_a_family,_you_are_supposed_to_bring_some_gifts,_such_as_a_basket_of_fruit_or_a_box_of_chocolates.
2．(2018·北京高考书面表达)最后，我们手里拿着茶杯或茶叶拍了一张合影，来记录这一难忘的经历。(with复合结构)
In_the_end,_we_took_a_group_photo,_with_cups_or_tea_in_our_hands,_to_record_this_unforgettable_experience.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．be supposed to应该……，应当……
[记牢]
(1)be supposed to do ...　　 应该做某事
be supposed to have done ＝ should have done
＝ought to have done 本应该做某事(实际未做)
be supposed to be ... 被认为是……
(2)suppose/supposing (that) 假定/假如……
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Students are_supposed (suppose) to obey the rules at school.
②You are late again.You are supposed to_have_arrived (arrive) here five minutes earlier.
一句多译
你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。
③You were_supposed_to_have_handed_in your homework yesterday.(be supposed to)
④You should_have_handed_in your homework yesterday.(should)
⑤You ought_to_have_handed_in your homework yesterday.(ought to)
[写美]
⑥(2013·天津高考书面表达)我多次参加过类似的活动。因此，我应该能胜任这个职位。
I_have_participated_in_similar_activities_several_times.Consequently,_I_am_supposed_to_be_qualified_for_the_position.
2．along with与……一起；除了……以外(还)
[记牢]
(1)along with, together with, with, as well as 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与它前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)and连接两个主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。
[练通]　单句语法填空
①Along with studying at school, students should participate in more out­of­school activities.
②Professor Smith, as well as his assistants, is (be) working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
③Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is_regarded (regard) as one of the best all­round forms of exercise.
[写美]
④(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)李白与其他著名诗人一起，在唐代创作了许多杰出的作品。
Li_Bai,_along_with_other_famous_poets,_created_lots_of_extraordinary_works_in_Tang_Dynasty.
[句式集释]
1．have sth. done结构
[教材原句]　Daniel has_his_arms_crossed and looks upset.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)I don't like to wash clothes, so I always have_my_clothes_washed.
我不喜欢洗衣服，所以我总是让别人给我洗衣服。
(2)Once he makes up his mind, nothing can have_him_change/get_him_to_change_it.
一旦他下定决心，就没有什么能让他改变。
(3)The boss had_the_workers_working day and night.
老板让工人们夜以继日地干活。
(4)He could_not_have_her_getting_away_with telling people lies!
他可不能让她哄骗人们却不受惩罚！
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)have sth.done结构表示让某人做某事/让某事(被别人)做，相当于get sth.done
(2)have sb.do sth.＝ get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事
(3)have sb./sth.doing使某人/某物持续地做某事
(4)can't/won't have sb.doing sth.不能容忍/允许某人做某事
注意事项
(1)have sth.done还可表示主语遭遇到某种不幸/蒙受损失；
(2)have sth.to do表示“有某事要做”， 此处不定式作后置定语。

[背写作佳句]
(1)(2018·北京高考满分作文)As for Chinese culture, Peking University will have you achieve more in your field.(要点句)
(2)(2016·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句)I'm writing to ask you to have my resume revised.(要点句)
2．as if 引导方式状语从句
[教材原句]　Sometimes he acts as_if he doesn't love us at all.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)It seems as_if/though the noise comes from downstairs.
噪音似乎是从楼下传来的。
(2)She works hard as if she_never_knew fatigue.
她努力工作，仿佛从不知疲倦似的。
(3)Local residents said it was as if there_had_been a nuclear explosion.
当地居民说就好像发生了核爆炸一样。
[析用法规则]

用法归纳
(1)as if (＝as though)引导表语从句或方式状语从句
(2)as if/though后既可跟陈述语气，又可跟虚拟语气。虚拟语气有三种形式：did (现在), had done (过去), would/might/could＋do (将来)
注意事项
如果as if从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，这样就出现“as if＋名词/不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词”结构。

[背写作佳句]
(1)(2018·北京高考满分作文)It seems as if you are really enthusiastic about Chinese culture.(开头句)
(2)(2015·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)We will treat the old people there as if they were our own relatives.(要点句)
3．every time引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]　Also, every_time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)You are welcome to come back any_time you want to.
你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。
(2)The_moment/minute/instant/second Lang stepped into the stadium, nobody could stay seated.
郎(平)一踏进体育场，所有的人都站了起来。
(3)The_day I left here, they all came to see me off.
我离开这里的那一天，他们都来给我送行。
[析用法规则]

用法归纳
every time引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：
(1)由time构成的名词词组：each time, the first/last time, next time, any time等。
(2)the＋瞬间名词：the minute, the instant, the second, the moment等。
(3)the＋时间名词：the day/week/year, the spring/summer/autumn/winter等。

[背写作佳句]
(1)(2016·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme every time you visited our school.(要点句)
(2)(2016·浙江高考写作佳句)Tom dashed out the instant the helicopter landed and hugged Jane tightly.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.选词填空
be supposed to, turn up, stay up, now that, can't wait to do sth., be hard on, as if, mix up, insist on, depend on
1．The worker is happy with the fact that he can depend_on the Internet to finish tasks without any difficulty.
2．—Are you going to have a holiday this year?
—I'd love to.I can't_wait_to leave this place behind.
3．And do we really still need libraries now_that we've got the Internet in our hands?
4．The college years are_supposed_to be a time for important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity.
5．Don't worry.I'm sure your missing glasses will turn_up sooner or later.
6．It is typical of students to stay_up reading till late night before the final exam.
7．Her father has always been_hard_on her, so she is never late for school.
8．If you mix_up two things or people, you confuse them, so that you think that one of them is the other one.
9．You are sure to achieve your dreams if you insist_on them and try your best.
10．From time to time, Jason turned round as_if he was searching for someone.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Every_time_he_comes_to_visit_me,_he will buy me some tea.
每次他来拜访我，都会给我买一些茶叶。
2．With_my_tenth_birthday_approaching,_I couldn't help imagining what kind of present my parents would give me.
随着我的十岁生日来临，我会忍不住想像我的父母会给我什么样的礼物。
3．He_had_the_letter_typed this morning and posted it at once.
他今天早晨把信打完了，并马上寄了出去。
4．They treat me as_if/though_I_were_a_stranger.
他们待我如陌生人。
5．It's common sense that everyone is_supposed_to_wear a seat belt in the car.
每个人在车里都应该系安全带，这是常识。
Ⅲ.分步写作
假设你是李华，适逢五四青年节，你校拟邀请附近某大学的外籍教授Smith先生来校做一次主题演讲。请参照以下信息给他写一封邮件。
英语讲座
主题：通过努力工作实现幸福
时间：5月4日下午2：30～4：30
地点：学校大礼堂
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr.Smith，
　
　
　
Best，
Li Hua
第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点
本文是一封邀请信，时态以一般现在时和将来时为主，人称以第一和第三人称为主。基本写作框架是：发出邀请→介绍这次讲座的主题、时间和地点→表示期待。文章的写作重心在第二步，应将讲座的关键信息(主题、时间和地点)交代清楚，不可遗漏。
要点1：我是李华，写信邀请你做讲座。(invite, give a lecture)
I'm_Li_Hua_and_I'm_writing_to_invite_you_to_give_a_lecture.
要点2：讲座的主题是“通过努力工作实现幸福”。(topic)
The_topic_of_the_lecture_is_“Achieving_Happiness_Through_Hard_Work”．
要点3：讲座将于5月4日下午2：30～4：30在我们学校的大礼堂举行。(hold)
The_lecture_is_to_be_held_in_our_school_hall_on_May_4th_from_2：30_pm_to_4：30_pm.
要点4：如果你能接受我们的邀请，我们将深感荣幸。(feel honored, accept)
We_would_feel_deeply_honored_if_you_could_accept_our_invitation.
第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼
对于陌生人来讲，信首直接提出邀请有些突兀，可在自我介绍后再加上“我们学校离你们大学很近”，阐明邀请方的信息。要点3，结合生活实际，5月4日是个特别的日子，“通过努力工作实现幸福”的讲座是“值得举办的”的。接着估计一下听讲座的师生人数。要点4，换个思路，用句式have sb.do sth.表达，让尾句余味无穷，表达更亮眼。
拓展1：我是新华中学的李华，我们学校离你们大学很近。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
I'm_Li_Hua_from_Xinhua_Middle_School,_which_is_close_to_your_university.
拓展2：我代表我们学校写信邀请你做一个主题为“通过努力工作实现幸福”的讲座。(on behalf of, 介词短语作后置定语)
I'm writing on behalf of our school to invite you to give a lecture on the topic “Achieving Happiness Through Hard Work”．
拓展3－①：讲座将于5月4日在我们学校大礼堂举行，作为庆祝中国青年节的一个特别活动，这个讲座很值得举办。(as短语作状语， deserve doing)
The lecture is to be held in our school hall on May 4th as a special event to mark China's Youth Day, which really deserves holding.
拓展3－②：它将在下午2：30开始，持续约2个小时，大约有500名学生和老师参加。(along with, with复合结构作状语)
It_will_start_at_：30_pm_and_last_for_about_2_hours,_with_an_audience_of_about_500
_students_along_with_teachers_alike.
拓展4：如果您能让我们分享您作为一位杰出教授的鼓舞人心的经历，我们将深感荣幸。(have sb.do sth.)
We_would_feel_deeply_honored_if_you_could_have_us_share_your_inspiring_experiences_as_a_distinguished_professor.
第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡
作为一封邀请信，可在最后添加“I am looking forward to your reply.”结束全篇。不需要的过渡词不可刻意添加。
Dear_Mr.Smith，
I'm_Li_Hua_from_Xinhua_Middle_School,_which_is_close_to_your_university.I'm_writing_on_behalf_of_our_school_to_invite_you_to_give_a_lecture_on_the_topic“Achieving_Happiness_Through_Hard_Work”．
The_lecture_is_to_be_held_in_our_school_hall_on_May_4th_as_a_special_event_to_mark_China's_Youth_Day，which_really_deserves_holding.It_will_start_at_2：30_pm_and_last_for_about_2_hours,_with_an_audience_of_about_500_students_along_with_teachers_alike.We_would_feel_deeply_honored_if_you_could_have_us_share_your_inspiring_experiences_as_a_distinguished_professor.
I_am_looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Best，
Li_Hua

理清文体结构之(二)　应用文之活动介绍——明活动特色，据题眼定答案
活动介绍类应用文常常包括多项活动，其结构和内容基本相同，但各个活动具有明显的特色，它们正是命题的切入点。抓住这些特色就抓住了解决此类文章的灵魂，做题时再根据题眼(题干中的关键词)与这些特色进行匹配，即可快速确定答案，从而做到“速读文，快答题”。
[高考典例]　2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇
[明活动特色]

[读文解题技法]
标题两要素：地点、方式
四项各具特色的活动活动1◄

活动2◄

活动3◄

活动4◄
Washington, D．C.Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.
Duration: 3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world­famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D．C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D．C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.
Duration: 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D．C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D．C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
1.由标题，明主题
从文章标题可看出，本文介绍了在华盛顿特区进行的自行车旅行活动。
2.看分类，总体把握
由下面4个副标题可知，本文分类介绍了4项活动，包括行程和活动安排。

3.划出特色，为解题做铺垫
在4项活动的介绍中划出具有特色的字眼，因为这往往是命题的切入点，为后面解题奠定基础。

4.找出题眼，比对“特色”定答案
找到题干中的题眼，然后到文中寻找读文时划出的“特色点”并与之比对，即可确定答案。

[找出题眼·比对“特色”定答案]
21．Which tour do you need to ？
A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.
B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.
D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
22. What will you do on the ？
A．Meet famous people.
B．Go to a national park.
C．Visit well­known museums.
D．Enjoy interesting stories.
23．Which of the following does the bicycle tour provide?
A．City maps.　　　　　 B．Cameras.
C．Meals. D．Safety lights.
[答案]　21.A　22.D　23.D
21．题眼活动1中划出的特色“Reserve”，根据同义释义确定答案
22．题眼活动3中划出的特色“the most interesting stories”，直接确定答案
23．题眼活动4中划出的特色，直接确定答案