2020版新一线高考英语（人教版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分选修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors

Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

 [单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1．kindergarten  n．幼儿园

2．alternative  n．可能的选择

adj.供选择的；其他的

3．regardless  adv.不管；不顾

4．somehow  adv.以……方式；不知怎么地

5．spit   vt.吐出(唾液、食物等) vi.吐痰

6．arrest  vt.逮捕；吸引  n．逮捕；拘留

7．applaud  vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏

8．interrupt  vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止

9．skilful  adj.有技巧的；熟练的

10．album  n．相册；集邮册；唱片

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．What's worse，they spat/spit (spit) and even threw rubbish into the lake，totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.

2．He was_arrested (arrest) for spreading rumors on the Internet.

3．The moment the famous singer finished singing，the audiences stood up and applauded (applaud) warmly.

5．The new method was popular and many peasants became very skilful (skill) at it.

6．The bell indicating the end of the period rang，interrupting(interrupt) our heated discussion.

拓展单词

1．assume vt.假定；设想→assuming conj.假设→assumption  n．假设；设想

2．sharp adj.锋利的，尖锐的→sharpen  vi.& vt.(使)锋利，尖锐；清晰→sharpener  n．磨具；削具

3．mess n．凌乱，脏→messy  adj.凌乱的；脏的

4．identify  vt.确认；识别；鉴别→identification  n．辨认；鉴定

5．starve vi.挨饿；饿死→ starvation  n．挨饿；饿死

6．analyse  vt.分析→analysis  n．分析→ (pl.) analyses 

7．significance  n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significant  adj.重要的

8．divide v．分割，划分；分配→division  n．分割；划分；分配；分界线

9．accurate adj.准确的；精确的→accurately  adv.准确地，精确地→accuracy  n．精确；准确

10．botany  n．植物学→botanical  adj.植物学的；与植物学有关的

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．I have been so busy that I have no time to clean the mess，so the house looks very messy．(mess)

2．With the teacher's help，I analysed the data of this experiment.The teacher considered my analysis is reasonable.(analyse)

3．The scientists think his invention is of great significance，because it is significant to cure the patients of deadly disease.(significant)

4．While calculating the maths problem，you should pay more attention to the accuracy of the numbers，or you can't figure it out accurately．(accurate)

5．The old man was starved to death.People felt pity for his starvation．(starve)

6．It was first assumed that he was the murderer，but  later it turned out to be a false assumption．(assume)

阅读词汇

1．tentative  adj.试探性的；不确定的

2．acute  adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的

3．ample  adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的

4．primitive  adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的

5．ripen  vt.& vi.使……成熟；成熟

6．radioactive  adj.放射性的；有辐射能的

7．accelerate  v．加速；促进

8．gay  adj.快乐的；欢快的

9．category  n．种类；类别；范畴

10．howl  v．嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫

n．长嚎；嗥叫

11．beast  n．野兽

12．quilt  n．被子；棉被

拓展联想

1.v.­ing形式的介词小结

①assuming假设；假定

②considering  鉴于；考虑到

③including  包含；包括

④supposing  假设；假如

⑤providing  假设；如果

⑥concerning  关于

2.表示“快乐；高兴”的形容词一览

①gay快乐的；欢快的

②happy  高兴的；快乐的

③joyful  高兴的；快乐的

④cheerful  高兴的；快乐的

⑤pleased  高兴的；欢喜的

⑥delighted  高兴的；欣喜的

3.­cy结尾名词速记

①accuracy正确，准确(度)；精确

②efficiency效率；效能

③emergency紧急情况

④fluency流畅，流利

⑤frequency屡次，频率，频繁

⑥privacy隐退，隐避，隐居

⑦tendency倾向，趋势

熟词生义

你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？

1．To preserve natural habitats, biologists expected the government to make laws that would arrest commercial development in these areas.

阻止；遏止

2．If there is no president, power will be assumed by the most extremist forces. 掌管；夺取

 [短语　多维应用]

[句式　结构仿写]

精讲4个考纲单词

1．alternative adj.供选择的；其他的 n．可能的选择；选择对象

(1)单句语法填空

①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating (communicate) with others.

②It was so serious a matter that I had no alternative but to_call (call) the police.

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译

我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。

①We have_no_alternative/choice_but_to_face_failure bravely and learn from it.(alternative/choice)

②We can_do_nothing_but_face_failure bravely and learn from it.(nothing)

先理解再牢记

(1)have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事

an alternative to ……的替代物(to是介词)

(2)alternatively  adv.可供选择地

[联想发散]　“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式：have no choice but to do sth.；can't do sth.but do sth.；can do nothing but do sth.。

2.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止

(1)单句语法填空

①Being a bad­tempered man，he would not tolerate having his lectures interrupted(interrupt)．

②Would you mind not interrupting with questions all the time?

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

他连续几年坚持体育锻炼。

She has kept up physical training for several years without_interruption．

先理解再牢记

(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)

(因某事)打断某人/某事

(2)interruption  n．打扰，插嘴，打岔；阻断物

without interruption  连续地，不断地

[佳句背诵]　They were interrupted by a sudden and urgent knock at the door.

3.assume vt.假定；设想

(1)单句语法填空

①(2018·江苏卷)It is wrong to_assume (assume) arts groups cannot make a profit.

②A lot of people make the assumption(assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)If I am chosen to be a volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games，I will serve the people heart and soul.

(高级表达)Assuming__that_I_am_chosen_to_be_a_volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games，I will serve the people heart and soul.

先理解再牢记

(1)assume sb./sth.to be假定/假设某人/某事为

It is assumed that...一般认为……

(2)assumption    n．假定；假设

make an assumption   认为；假定

assuming(that)．..假设/假定……

[佳句背诵]　It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.

4.significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义

(1)单句语法填空/单句改错

①As time goes by，I attach more great significance to doing (do) what I am doing now.

②It is significance that nowadays fiber is still considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.significance→significant

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译

在我看来，练习写字对学生们的成长很重要。

①In_my_view，practicing handwriting is very important/of great importance to the students' growth.

②From_my_point_of_view，practicing handwriting is very_significant/of_great_significance to the students' growth.

先理解再牢记

(1)be of significance to ...对……有重要意义

attach significance to ...认为……重要(to为介词)

(2)significant  adj.重要的；明显的

It is significant that ...很明显……

[联想发散]　常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语有：

①be of significance＝be significant

②be of importance＝be important

③be of value＝be valuable

④be of help＝be helpful

⑤be of use＝be useful

诠释2个核心短语

1．regardless of 不管；不顾

(1)单句语法填空

①You will hurt others if you say what you think，regardless of other people's feelings.

②Despite her terrible illness，she works hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.

③Dr.Bethune continued working in spite of cutting (cut) his hand during an operation.

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

关于阅读，有句名言说的好，“读书使人明智”。

With_regard_to_reading，there is a famous saying that reading makes a wise man.

先理解再牢记

(1)regardless of不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)

(2)despite＝in spite of  尽管；不管；虽然(后常 接名词，不接从句)

(3)with regard to  关于；至于

[佳句背诵]　(2016·江苏卷)In addition，the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient，regardless of time and space.

2.date back(to...)追溯(到……)

(1)单句语法填空

①Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving girl，which dates from the Han Dynasty.

②Dating (date) from 1933，the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun City.

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)The festival is held in November every year.It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.

(高级表达)The festival，dating_back_to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn，is held in November every year.(分词作定语)

先理解再牢记

(1)date back to＝date from追溯到……

(2)out of date  过时的，陈旧的

up to date  最近的，新式的，现代的

[温馨提示]　(1)date back to和date from一般无进行时态和被动语态；

(2)作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。

突破2个高考句型

1．(教材P43)If_only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!

要是她今年早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！

[要点提炼]　if only...意为“要是……就好了”。

(1)单句语法填空/单句改错

①Constant quarrels between my parents are driving me crazy.If only I had (have) a warm and harmonious family.

②If only I could_go (go) back and reset my goals.

③If only he has remembered to send that email yesterday.has→had

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

我要是能生活在一个没有空气污染的世界就好了。

If_only_I_could_live_in_a_world free of air pollution.

先理解再牢记

(1)if only...could/would/might do...表示对与将来事实相反的愿望(不用should)；

(2)if only...did...表示对与现在事实相反的愿望；

(3)if only...had done...表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。

[名师点津]　only if中的only仅起强调作用，意为“只要”。 另外，“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。

2.(教材P43)Abruptly she sat down，only_to_be_scooped_up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.

突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。

[要点提炼]　only to do 表示“意料之外的结果”。

(1)单句语法填空

①I hurried to the post office only to_find (find) it closed.

②On hearing the news，the little girl rushed out without hesitation，leaving(leave) her schoolbag lying on the floor.

③The headmaster hurried to the lecture hall，only to_be_told(tell) the speaker had gone.

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

他结婚定居在澳大利亚，将家人留在了香港。

He has got married and settled in Australia，leaving_his_family_in_Hong_Kong．

先理解再牢记

(1)only to do...“不料……，反而……，结果却……”，是动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的结果。

(2)现在分词短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结果”。

[佳句背诵]　He hurried to the stadium without supper，only to be told the football match was cancelled.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The room is so messy ( mess) for I had no time to clear it up.

2．As the old saying goes，“A workman must sharpen ( sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.”

3．It is commonly assumed (assume) that the growth of GDP and the development of people's living conditions are not necessarily cause and effect.

4．The more we are aware of the significance (significant) of this famous saying，the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.

5．The escaped prisoner got arrested (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.

6．In contrast to our ignorance of saving food，many people especially those in poverty­stricken areas are suffering from starvation (starve)．

7．Every year，a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old tower dating (date) back to the eleventh century.

8．She had almost reached her destination when something arrested her attention and she braked sharply.

9．There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to_wait(wait)．

10．Forest elephants，as the name suggests，live in tropical forests and have straight trunks and rounded ears.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．Thank you for allowing me to describe the situation，where I had no alternative but give up the plan.but后加to

2．Assumed that the weather is favorable，farmers will have a good harvest.Assumed→_Assuming

3．The audience evidently liked the play because they applaud for two minutes at the end.applaud→applauded

4．I'm very sorry to interrupt with you，but I have something very important to tell you.去掉with

5．Look ahead of，and you will see the lights of the village.去掉第一个of

6．I fed up with his laziness and carelessness at present.fed前加am

Ⅰ.课文语法填空

根据P38－39课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.1.An archaeologist is showing them round.The archaeologists have been excavating here for many years.

After 2.finding(find)human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects，they think it is 3.reasonable(reason) to assume some of the earliest people lived in these caves，regardless 4.of the cold.They also discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves 5.where they made fires.That would have kept them warm，cooked the food and scared wild beasts away.

Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes 6.made (make)from animal skins.They even used sharpened stone tools 7.to_cut(cut)up animals and remove their skin.The archaeologist also 8.shows(show)the students a primitive necklace preserved quite well.Indeed，as the botanical analyses have 9.specially(special)shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they 10.travelled(travel)to the seaside on their journeys.

Ⅱ.写作改错双练

根据提示运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并改正学生习作。

1．上个月我们非常有幸到周口店洞穴参观。(a great honour)

2．在这次旅行中我们知道了早期人类的生活环境。(environment)

3．我们不仅了解了他们在寒冬御寒的一些方法，还了解到他们是怎样做成兽皮衣服的。(keep the cold out)

4．从他们的项链来判断，他们的确很在乎外貌。(judging by)

5．周口店一行，让我们进一步接触了民族和文化遗产，增强了我们的民族自豪感。(heritage)

第一步：练写作

用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。

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第二步：练改错

下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。

Last month，it was an great honour for us to pay a visit  the Zhoukoudian caves.During the visit，we were aware of the living environment of the earliest people.What's more，not only were we aware of some of their

 ways of keeping the cold out during the frozen winter，but also we knew their clothes made of animal furs.Judged by their necklaces，they cared about their appearance indeed.In a word，the visit to the Zhoukoudian caves lets us get closely to people and cultural heritage，which increases our sense of national pride.

【答案】　

Last month，it was  great honour for us to pay a visit  the Zhoukoudian caves.During the visit，we were aware of the living environment of the earliest people.What's more，not only were we aware of some of their ways of keeping the cold out during the  winter，but also we knew

their clothes made of animal furs. by their necklaces，they cared about their appearance indeed.In a word，the visit to the Zhoukoudian caves lets us get  to people and cultural heritage，which increases our sense of national pride.