2020版一轮复习英语译林江苏专版学案：必修3Unit3Backtothepast

Unit 3　Back to the past


一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇
Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．civilization n．　 　 　　 文明
2．BC abbr. 公元前
3．volcano n. 火山
4．AD abbr. 公元
5．erupt vi. (火山等)爆发
6．commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的
7．sandstorm n. 沙尘暴，风沙
[第二屏听写]
8．institute n．　　　　 　 (教育或其他专业)机构，研究所
9．aircraft n. 飞机
10．carrier n. 航空母舰，运输设备；运输公司
11．statue n. 雕塑，雕像
12．corrupt vt. 使腐化，使堕落
adj. 贪污的，腐败的
13．*complain vi. 抱怨
14．*Roman n. 罗马人
adj. 罗马的，罗马人的
[第三屏听写]
15．*lava n．　　　　 　 熔岩，火山岩
16．*workshop n. 作坊，车间
17．*historical adj. 历史的；与历史研究相关的
18．*solution n. 解决办法，解答
19．*pearl n. 珍珠
20．*philosophy n. 哲学
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第四屏听写]
1．lecture n．　　　 　 　 讲座
2．found vt. 兴建，创建
3．ash n. 灰，灰烬
4．pour vi. 涌流，倾泻
vt. 倒出(液体)
5．unfortunate adj. 不幸的，遗憾的
6．mud n. 泥浆，烂泥
[第五屏听写]
7．decorate vt.　　 　 　 装饰，装潢
8．flee vt. & vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开
9．researcher n. 研究者，调查者
10．true­to­life adj. 逼真的
11．disaster n. 灾难
12．destroy vt. 毁坏，摧毁
13．wealthy adj. 富有的，富裕的
[第六屏听写]
14．gradually adv.　　　 渐渐地，逐渐地
15．scholar n. 学者
16．cultural adj. 文化的
17．ruin n. 废墟；毁坏
vt. 破坏，毁灭
18．remains n. 遗物，遗迹，遗骸
19．beneath prep. 在……之下
[第七屏听写]
20．pot n．　　　　　 　　　 罐，壶
21．material n. 材料；物质
adj. 物质的
22．document n. 文献，文件
23．explode vi. 爆炸
24．nearby adv. & adj. 在附近(的)
25．extreme adj. 极度的；极端的
[第八屏听写]
26．bone n．　 　 　 　　　　 骨骼，骨头
27．wooden adj. 木制的
28．leather n. 皮革
29．expression n. 表达；表情，神色
30．audience n. 观众，听众
31．cave n. 洞穴
32．ceremony n. 仪式，典礼
[第九屏听写]
33．republic n．　　　　 　　 共和国；共和政体
34．chairman n. 主席
35．harbor n. 港口
36．navy n. 海军
37．powerful adj. 强有力的
38．airfield n. (军用)机场
39．bomb vt. 轰炸
n. 炸弹
[第十屏听写]
40．sailor n．　　　　 　　　 水手，海员
41．fortunate adj. 幸运的
42．declare vt. 宣布，宣称
43．memorial n. 纪念馆，纪念碑
adj. 纪念的
44．educate vt. 教育
45．troop n. 士兵；军队，部队

[第十一屏听写]
46．march vi. & n．　　　　 前进，进发；游行
47．glory n. 辉煌；荣耀，光荣
48．ahead adv. (时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先
49．vast adj. 辽阔的；巨大的；大量的
50．salary n. 薪金，薪水
51．aware adj. 意识到的，知道的；察觉到的
52．basis n. 基础；基准；原因
[第十二屏听写]
53．court n．　　　　　 　 　 法院，法庭；球场；宫廷
54．god n. 神，神灵
55．trial n. 审讯，审理；试验；考验
56．judge v. 判断；审判
n. 法官，审判员；裁判员
57．poison n. 毒药(物)
vt. 毒害，下毒
[第十三屏听写]
58．take_over　　　　　 　　 夺取；接管
59．in_memory_of 纪念
60．no_doubt 无疑，确实
61．rise_up_against 起义，反抗
62．stand_in_one's_path 阻碍(某人)
63．come_down_with 患(病)
二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾
(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高
识
记
单
词
写
对
Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)
1．civilization n. 　文明
2．volcano n. 火山
3．erupt vi. (火山等)爆发
4．commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的
5．sandstorm n. 沙尘暴，风沙
6．corrupt vt. 使腐化，使堕落
adj. 贪污的，腐败的
Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)
1．lecture n．　　讲座
2．scholar n. 学者
3．audience n. 观众，听众
4．pour vi. 涌流，倾泻
vt. 倒出
5．found vt. 兴建，创建
6．researcher n. 研究者，调查者
7.destroy vt.　　毁坏，摧毁
8．material n. 材料；物质
adj. 物质的
9．document n. 文献，文件
10．nearby adv. & adj.　在附近(的)
11．extreme adj. 极度的；极端的
12．vast adj. 辽阔的；大量的
13．salary n．薪金，薪水　　
14．court n．法院；球场；宫廷
核
心
单
词
练
通
1.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges (裁判), all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.
2．We have time and time again declared (声明) that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.
3．The enemy soldiers were fleeing (逃跑) in all directions when they were attacked.
4．Along the way, at Kurla, you can visit the ruins (遗迹) of the Iron Fortress.
5．Being offered the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony (典礼) made him overjoyed.
6．The flood last year in the south was a real disaster (灾难), leaving some people missing.
7．Their system is so far ahead (领先) because of a culture of looking after the environment.
8．The act itself of unwrapping and finally seeing what was beneath (在……之下) the newspaper was exciting and memorable.
9．On arrival at the ancient village, you can find many cultural (文化的) relics.
10．Worried that his wife might complain (抱怨) about him, Tom did all housework before his wife came back.
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1．unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的→unfortunately_adv.不幸地，倒霉地；令人遗憾地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地
2．decorate vt.装饰，装潢→decoration n．装饰，装饰品
3．wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的→wealth n．财富，财产
4．gradually adv.渐渐地，逐渐地→gradual adj.渐渐的，逐渐的
5．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸→remain v．遗留，剩余；继续存在→remaining adj.剩余的
6．explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸，爆发
7．wooden adj.木制的→wood n．木料；树木
8．expression n．表达；表情，神色→express vt.表达，表示
9．powerful adj.强有力的→power n．动力，权力→powerless adj.无能的；无权力的
10．memorial n．纪念馆，纪念碑adj.纪念的→memory n．记忆(力)；回忆→memorize vt.记忆；背诵
11．educate vt.教育→education n．教育，培养→educator n．教育者，教育家
12．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的→awareness n．认识，意识
13．basis n．基础；基准；原因→basic adj.基础的→base n．基地；根基；基础v.以……为基础
[用准用活]
1．The professor devoted her remaining years to the cause of studying the remains of the ancient castle.(remain)
2．In order to gain much wealth and fame, the singer left his hometown as a poor boy and finally returned as an extremely wealthy man.(wealth)
3．After the president came to power,_everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even can't save his daughter.(power)
4．Someone made him aware of the effects of his actions.If so, he could gradually raise public moral awareness.(aware)
5．As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and now more and more parents are gradually aware of its importance.(gradual)
6．Though the trip to the memorial was over, it left a permanent memory on me. I will memorize the deeds done by heroes.(memory)
7．The puzzled expression on her face suggested that she didn't know how she could express her feelings properly.(express)
8．A bomb exploded in the market.The explosion was heard a mile away.(explode)

⇩
1.“走”遍天下
①wander vi.　漫步；闲逛
②pace v. 踱步；缓慢而行
③crawl v. 爬行；匍匐行进
④march v. 行军，进军
⑤rush v. 冲；奔；闯
⑥walk v. 散步；步行
2．“演讲，报告”一起听
①speech 报告；演讲
②report 报告
③lecture 演讲，讲座
④address 演讲，致辞
3.“n.＋n.”合成词一览
①steamboat　　　汽船
②armchair 扶手椅
③sandstorm 沙尘暴
④teamwork 协作
⑤airfield (军用)机场
4．词根“­rupt”“破”法多
①erupt 火山“爆发”向外破
②interrupt “打搅”是在中间破
③corrupt “腐败”是共同破
④abrupt “唐突”把气氛打破
⑤bankrupt 银行打破是“破产”
5.“仪式”面面观
①opening ceremony　开幕式
②closing ceremony 闭幕式
③wedding ceremony 结婚典礼
④funeral (ceremony) 葬礼
⑤celebration 庆典
⑥feast/banquet 宴会
6．“纪念；记忆”相关词
①memory n．　　 记忆；记忆力
②memorize v. 记忆，记住
③memorial n. 纪念碑
④monument n. 纪念碑
(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高

先 写 对
再 用 准
第一组
1.rise_up_against　　起义，反抗
2.in_memory_of 纪念
3.stand_in_one's_path 阻碍(某人)
4.come_down_with 患(病)
5.be_buried_alive 被活埋
6.less_than 少于
In my hometown, there was a statue set up ①in_memory_of a brave officer calling on the villagers to ②rise_up_against the enemies during World War Ⅱ. Even though he ③came_down_with a serious illness, he never let it ④stand_in_his_path. He was a hero in the heart of the villagers.
第二组
1.take_over　　　夺取；接管
2.no_doubt 无疑，确实
3.pour_out 涌出
4.carry_out 实施；执行
5.make_sb._aware_of 让某人意识到
6.take_part_in 参加
There was ①no_doubt David ②took_over the company when his father retired. All the board members ③took_part_in the meeting yesterday, and David delivered the keynote address. He ④made_them_aware_of the determination that he would ⑤carry_out his duty faithfully.
第三组
1.focus_on　　　集中(精力)于
2.turn_out 结果是，证明是
3.break_down 毁掉；身体垮掉
4.have_enough_of 对……感到厌烦
5.together_with 与……一起
6.on_board 在船上(飞机上或火车上)
There will be times when you meet with disappointment and ①have_enough_of your present life. Life won't always ②turn_out the way you want. This is just another thing you'll have to learn to deal with. But instead of letting you ③break_down,_push on. Accept disappointment and ④focus_on pursuing your dreams.
⇩
1.“under＋n.”短语荟萃
①under protection　　受保护
②under consideration 在考虑中
③under construction 在建造中
④under control 在控制中
⑤under discussion 在讨论中
⑥under guarantee 在保修期内
2.“on＋n.”短语集锦
①on sale　出售
②on fire 着火
③on trial 在试用
④on strike 在罢工
⑤on business 出差
⑥on display/show 在展出
3.“no＋n.”短语小结
①no doubt　　无疑，确实
②no wonder 难怪
③no way 没门，不行
④no hurry 不急，勿慌
⑤no problem 没问题
⑥no surprise 毫无意外
4.“对……感到厌烦”表达种种
①be/grow tired of
②be fed up with
③be bored with
④be sick of
⑤have enough of
(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高
背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.Near the city was a volcano.
离该城不远处有一座火山。
表示地点或处所的介词短语置于句首时，句子使用全部倒装。
(2017·北京高考满分作文)一个美丽的现代都市——泰安坐落于泰山脚下。
At_the_foot_of_Mount_Tai_sits a beautiful modern city — Tai'an.
2.The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand — what a pity!
这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖——多么遗憾啊！
动名词的复合结构(名词＋v.­ing形式)作主语、宾语等。
(2018·天津高考满分作文)老实说，我相信你加入我们的队伍会让我们受益匪浅。
Honestly speaking, I believe your_joining our team will benefit us a lot.
3.In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with 1,177 men on board.
在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。
“with＋宾语＋介词短语”复合结构，在句中可作状语或定语。
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)而且，随着体育馆的建立，许多体育赛事可以在此举行。
Moreover, with_the_stadium_set_up,_a wide range of sports events are able to be held here.



考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　According to the news from BBC, an explosion ruined a gas station in Syria. Hundreds of residents nearby fled in all directions. Later on, the police took over the gas station, looked into the case and cleared up the remains of the explosion. ❶So far there has been no people or group that declared to be responsible for it. I ❷wish there wouldn't be violence and terror in the world and everyone could live in peace.
1.①处时间状语so far意为到目前为止，所在句子使用现在完成时态。
2.②处wish后的宾语从句中用的虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为：would/could/should/might＋do，表示将来不大可能实现的愿望。

1．ruin n．[C](pl.)废墟，遗迹；[U]毁坏，毁灭，崩溃vt.破坏；毁灭；使破产

(1)lie/be in ruins　　 成为废墟
fall into ruin 毁灭；毁坏
bring ... to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产
(2)ruin sth./sb. 毁坏某物/某人
ruin one's health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途
[多角练透]
介词填空
①The old house where he was born has fallen into ruin.
②The big earthquake brought the city to ruin.
完成句子
③That city lay/was_in_ruins after the hurricane.
飓风过后，那座城市成了一片废墟。
④Drunk driving not only ruined_himself but also killed several passers­by.
醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名过路人死亡。
单句写作
⑤(2017·江苏高考书面表达)一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出更大努力来吸引更多的观众。
Some_bad_factors_are_ruining_the_future_of_film_industry,_so_great_efforts_should_be_made_to_attract_more_audience._
2．flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开

flee someplace　　　　　　　　　 逃离某地
flee to someplace 逃到某地
flee from ＝escape from 从……逃离
[题点全练]
完成句子
①When the war broke out, he fled_to Yunnan of China with his wife.
战争爆发后，他携妻子逃到了中国云南。
②The people got into a panic and fled_from_the_fire.
人们惊恐万分地逃离了火灾现场。
单句写作
③(2016·四川高考书面表达)我喜欢去河里游泳以逃离夏天的酷热。
I_like_to_swim_in_the_river_to_flee_from_the_extreme_heat_in_summer.
3．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物

(1)the remains of ...　　　　 ……的遗迹
(2)remain＋
(3)remaining adj. 剩余的
[多角练透]
单项填空
①John was caught ________ his neighbour's money the other day. According to the police, the details of the case still remained ________.
A．to steal; investigated
B．stealing; to be investigated
C．stealing; investigating
D．stolen; being investigated
解析：选B　句意：几天前约翰被当场抓住偷邻居的钱。据警方透露，案件的细节有待调查。根据语境可知，steal这个动作被当场发现，故第一空用现在分词形式；sth.remain to be done 为固定结构，意为“某事有待被做”，故选B。
用所给词的适当形式填空
②It remains to_be_seen (see) whether the news that a new library will be built in our school is true.
③The guests came in, but she remained seated (seat) at the desk reading.
④He bought a new pen with the remaining (remain) money.
⑤The poor man ate the remains (remain) of the dishes hungrily.
补全句子
⑥But that moment I met her will remain_in_my_mind_and_my_heart_forever.
但我遇见她的那一刻，将永远留在我的脑海和我的心中。
[名师指津]　当表示“剩余的，剩下的”时，常把remaining放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。
4．declare vt.宣布，宣称；宣告；声明

declare sb./sth. to be　　　　　 宣布某人或某事是……
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对……
declare war (on/against) (向……)宣战
declare that 宣布……
[题点全练]　完成句子
①We must declare_war_against our enemies.
我们必须向敌人宣战。
②I declare_to_you_that I have never lied about the affair.
我向你声明，我在这件事上从来没有说过谎。
③The Chinese government has_declared_against terrorism openly.
中国政府公开反对恐怖主义。
④The court declared_her_husband_to_be innocent.
法庭宣布她的丈夫无罪。
5．take over夺取，占据；接替；接管
[归纳拓展]
❶take away　　　　　 拿走；夺走
❷take down 写下，记下；拆卸
❸take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收容
❹take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
❺take on 接纳；雇佣；呈现；承担
❻take up 拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续
[应用领悟]
①His widow has taken over the running of his empire, including six London theatres.
他的遗孀已接手管理他创下的帝国，其中包括 6 家伦敦剧院。
②No other organisation was able or willing to take on the job.
没有任何别的组织有能力或愿意承担此项工作。
③I know how busy you must be and naturally I won't want to take up too much of your time.
我知道您肯定特别忙，我当然不想占用您太多的时间。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　With the development of urban industrialization, more and more farmers pour into large cities, ❶leaving their kids and old parents alone in the countryside. Many kids complain that they can't feel the love and warmth from their parents. The government has been aware of the problem and ❷introduced policies ❸to allow kids to receive education in the city.
1.①处现在分词短语leaving their kids and old parents alone in the countryside在句中作结果状语，常表示意料、情理之中的自然而然的结果。alone在短语中作宾语补足语。
2.②处introduced可替换成单词presented。
3.③处动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰说明policies。

6．complain vi.抱怨

(1)complain (to sb.) about/of sth./that ...(向某人)抱怨……
complain of sth. 诉说(病痛等)
(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make a complaint against/about ... 对……进行投诉
[题点全练]
完成句子
①Those who are going through the unpleasant time often complain_about how hard their lives are.
那些过得不开心的人经常抱怨他们的生活有多么艰难。
②Many people complain_that their jobs are uninteresting and stressful.
许多人抱怨他们的工作既无趣又有压力。
③I'd like to make_a_complaint_about the noise upstairs.
我要就楼上的噪音问题提出投诉。
单句写作
④(2015·江苏高考书面表达)我们应该严格自愿地遵守交通规则，在红灯时停车，而不是抱怨交通堵塞。
We_should_strictly_and_voluntarily_follow_traffic_rules,_stopping_at_the_red_light_rather_than_complaining_about_traffic_jams.
7．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的
(1)be aware that ...　　　　　　 知道，体会到……
be/become aware of 知道/意识到
make sb. aware of/that ... 使某人意识到
(2)awareness n. 认识，意识
raise awareness about/of 提高对……的认识
[多角练透]
单项填空
①Ordinary person though she is, she tries every means to make people ________ of the importance of the environment conservation.
A．aware　　　　　　　 　B．careful
C．sensible D．awesome
解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管她只是一个普通人，她仍然尽力让人们知道保护环境的重要性。make sb. aware of sth.“让某人意识/注意到某事”，符合句意。
完成句子
②I did not become_aware_of_the_danger until he warned me.
直到他警告我，我才意识到危险。
③James was_not_aware_that his own weakness was his greatest enemy.
詹姆斯没有意识到他自己的弱点是他最大的敌人。
④We must further raise_awareness_of the importance of emergency work.
我们要进一步提高对应急工作重要性的认识。
单句写作
⑤(2015·江苏高考书面表达)一些驾驶员、骑自行车的人和行人缺乏遵守交通规则的意识，因为他们似乎意识不到哪些应该做、哪些不应该做。
Some_drivers,_cyclists_and_pedestrians_lack_the_awareness_of_obeying_the_traffic_rules_for_the_reason_that_they_seem_un­aware_of_the_dos_and_don'ts_on_the_road.
8．with复合结构
[教材原句]　In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with_1,177_men_on_board.
在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。

“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成的复合结构作状语时，表原因、条件、方式等。主要结构如下：
with＋宾语＋
①With_her_eyes_fixed_on the work attentively, she didn't know what was happening outside.
因为她的注意力都集中在工作上，她不知道外面发生的事情。
②I can't go to the cinema with you with so_much_homework_to_do.
有这么多作业要完成，我不能和你一起去看电影。
③He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring__at_him.
全班同学都盯着他看，他感到更不自然了。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　Today is our parents' 20th wedding anniversary. In memory of this meaningful day, our family holds a party. ❶My sister insists on everyone giving their own performances. We have made every arrangement ❷ahead of time, so there is no doubt that everything is going well. Judging from their looks, I know that my parents are happy and proud of my sister and me.
1.①处可转化为复合句：My sister insists that everyone_should_give_their_own_performances。
2.②处短语ahead of time可替换为ahead_of_schedule或in_advance。

9．judge n．法官；审判员；裁判员 vt.判断；审判；裁判
[练牢基点]　写出下列句中judge的含义
①He stood emotionless as he heard the judge pass sentence. 法官
②A judge decides who will be the winner of a competition. 裁判员
③Judging from what he has just said, the company will reduce the staff. 判断
[系统考点]
(1)judge ...from/by ...　　　　　 从……来判断
judge between right and wrong 判断是非
as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为
(2)judging by/from　　　　 从……上看；根据……判断
(3)judgment n. 判断

[练通重点]
用所给词的适当形式填空
④Judging (judge) from the response of the audience, the performance was a success.
⑤All under 30 years old, the candidates were examined by a group of judges (judge) in their fields.
完成句子
⑥You should never judge_persons_by their looks.
你绝不能以貌取人。
⑦As_far_as_I_can_judge,_it is more likely that you will get the job.
据我判断，你更有可能得到那份工作。
⑧Judging_from_what_you_say in your letter, you don't feel well.
根据你信中所说的判断，你感觉不太好。
[名师指津]　judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不用过去分词的形式。
10．in memory of纪念
[归纳拓展]
❶in terms of　　　　　　　 就……而言
❷in need/want of 需要
❸in favor of 赞同；支持
❹in praise of 赞扬
❺in honour of 为了向……表示敬意
❻in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于
❼in search of 寻找
[应用领悟]
①Most people are a mixture of optimism and pessimism, but are in favor of one direction or the other.
大多数人都是乐观主义和悲观主义的混合体，但会倾向于一个方向或另一个方向。
②Deeds are better than words when people are in need/want of help.
当有人需要帮助的时候，行动胜于言语。
11．no doubt无疑，确实

(1)There is no doubt that ...　　 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether ... 怀疑是否……
without doubt 毫无疑问
(2)don't doubt that ... 不怀疑……
doubt whether/if ... 怀疑/不相信是否……
[多角练透]
完成句子
①There_is_no_doubt_that more and more people prefer shopping online nowadays.
毫无疑问现在越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。
②There_is_some_doubt_whether he can win the first prize.
他是否能赢得一等奖还有些疑问。
③I never doubt_that special classes can help the gifted children to take their place in life sooner.
我从不怀疑，特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的学生更早地在生活中找到他们的位置。
④I doubt_whether/if my cousin will accept his invitation.
我怀疑我的表妹是否会接受他的邀请。
单句写作
⑤(2015·广东高考书面表达)毫无疑问，它可以增强人们的健康意识，但是更有可能导致过度焦虑。
There_is_no_doubt_that_it_can_enhance_people's_consciousness_of_health,_but_it_is_more_likely_to_result_in_over­anxiety.
12．动名词的复合结构
[教材原句]　The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the_city_being_buried_by_sand — what a pity!
这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖——多么遗憾啊！
动名词的复合结构主要有两种情况：
(1)名词所有格/名词的普通格＋doing
(2)形容词性物主代词/人称代词的宾格＋doing
①I can't imagine Mary's/Mary_marrying such a young man.
我无法想象玛丽嫁给一个这样的年轻人。
②I knew nothing about the_window_being_open.
我一点也不知道窗户敞开着。
[名师指津]　如果动名词的复合结构作主语，其逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
③Nixon's visiting China marked a new era between U．S. and China diplomatic relations.
尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代。


[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They were marching (前进) forward despite the heavy rain because they had to reach the destination before dark.
2．As is known to all, America declared (宣布) war on Japan in 1941.
3．Enough rest and proper diet have brought back her strength gradually (逐渐地)．
4．With its natural resources, it is potentially a very wealthy (富有的) country.
5．Human facial expressions (表情) differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.
6．When his business in England failed, he tried to kill himself by taking poison (毒药)．
7．I believe that people will be ready to take up their share of responsibility for environmental protection when they are aware (意识到的) of the dangers the earth is exposed to.
8．The audience (听众) are listening carefully, and the professor feels a bit excited.
9．The new university held its opening ceremony (典礼) on Sept 3 to welcome its first freshmen.
10．As a learned scholar (学者), Mr. Li will deliver a speech about traditional Chinese culture.
11．No one was injured in the explosion, but the building was completely destroyed (破坏)．
12．He doesn't know what is waiting ahead (在前面) of him.
13．All these cultural (文化的) aspects are important to language learners if they want to get a better understanding of the language itself.
14．He was educated (教育) at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University.
15．The company, founded (创办) in 2014, moved its headquarters to the zone last year where it established a base and training center.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.
A．to see　　　　　　 　 　B．to be seen
C．seeing D．seen
解析：选B　句意：到国外旅行对这对老夫妇当然好，但他们是否喜欢还要拭目以待。remain to be done“有待于被做”，符合句意。
2．My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ________ it.
A．in favour of B．in memory of
C．in honour of D．in search of
解析：选A　句意：我姐姐反对我的建议，但我弟弟却支持。in favour of“支持，赞同”； in memory of“为纪念……”； in honour of“向……表示敬意”； in search of “寻找”。根据was against及while可知选A项。
3．Hearing a loud explosion, ________ with nothing on her, avoiding being killed.
A．out did she rush B．out rushed she
C．rushed she out D．out she rushed
解析：选D　句意：一听到巨大的爆炸声，为了避免被炸死，她身上什么也没有带，就冲出去了。当表示运动方向的副词或地点状语位于句首时，句子要用倒装结构。当主语是普通名词时，用完全倒装；但当主语是代词时，不倒装。本句中“out”表示运动方向，主语she是代词，故选D。
4．With all the books he was interested in________， Tom left the bookshop with great satisfaction.
A．buying B．to be bought
C．bought D．to buy
解析：选C　句意：买完所有他感兴趣的书，汤姆十分满意地离开了书店。buy和books之间是逻辑上的被动关系；根据语境可知，buy这个动作已经完成，故用过去分词形式。
5．(2019·徐州考前信息卷)When you are old enough to ________ things, you should decide your path in life.
A．judge B．choose
C．study D．research
解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你年龄大到足以判断事情的时候，你就应该决定自己的人生道路。judge“判断”，符合句意。
6．At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ________ could be heard outside the classroom.
A．opened and closed
B．to be opened and closed
C．being opened and closed
D．to open and close
解析：选C　句意：刚上课时，开关课桌的声音在教室外都能听见。desks being opened and closed为动名词的复合结构，在句中作介词of的宾语。
7．—Do you doubt ________ he has passed the examination?
—I don't doubt at all ________ he has passed all the examinations.
A．that; whether B．that; that
C．whether; that D．whether; whether
解析：选B　第一句为疑问句式，后用that引导宾语从句；第二句为否定句，后也用that引导宾语从句。
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Tom's_refusing_to_accept_the_invitation upset me very much.
汤姆拒绝接受邀请让我很生气。
2．With_a_lot_of_work_to_do,_he wasn't allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。
3．There_is_no_doubt_that your success has resulted from your hard work.
毫无疑问，你的成功来自于你的辛勤劳动。
4．He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving_the_breakfast_untouched.
他起床晚了，匆忙去了办公室，留下早餐没有动。
5．At the next table sat_a_pretty_girl waiting for someone.
邻桌旁坐着一个等人的漂亮女孩。
Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括
阅读本单元Project部分，试着以约30个词概括第一篇课文“Ancient Greek statue found in Xinjiang”第三段(P58，L10－18)的段落大意。
In 334 BC, Alexander the Great conquered the Middle East and Egypt, then India. He founded a vast kingdom on his occupied land. However, after his death, his kingdom was divided by his generals.