2021高考英语人教版一轮教师用书：必修5Unit1 Greatscientists
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Unit 1 Great scientists
单 词 拓 展 | 1.conclude vt.& vi.推断出 conclusion n.结论;结束 2.attend vt.照顾;参加 attendant n.侍者;服务员 3.expose vt.暴露 exposure n.暴露;揭露 exposed adj.无遮蔽的 4.cure n.& vt.治愈 5.blame vt.责备 n.过失 6.contribute vt.& vi.贡献 contribution n.贡献 7.defeat vt.& n.失败;打败 8.challenge n.挑战 vt.向……挑战 challenging adj.富有挑战性的 9.absorb vt.吸收 absorbing adj.吸引人的 10.suspect vt.怀疑 n.嫌疑犯 11.pollute vt.污染 pollution n.污染 polluted adj.被污染的 12.handle n.把手 vt.处理 13.announce vt.宣布;通告 announcement n.通告;宣布 14.instruct vt.指示 instruction n.指示 |
单 词 拓 展 | 15.construction n.建筑物 construct vt.建设;修建 16.reject vt.拒绝 rejection n.拒绝;抛弃 |
短 语 记 忆 | 1.put forward 提出 2.apart from 除……之外;此外 3.make sense 讲得通;有意义 4.draw a conclusion 得出结论 5.expose...to 使显露;暴露 6.link...to... 将……和……连接起来 7.look into 调查 8.be against 反对 9.be to blame 应受责备 10.(be) strict with... 对……严格的 |
句 型 整 理 | 1.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。 2.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们不知它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。 3.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次爆发霍乱时,都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。 |
1.conclude vt.& vi.断定;推断出;使结束,终止;达成,缔结
归纳拓展 | ①conclude ②conclude sth. with以……结束…… ③in conclusion最后;总之 ④come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论 |
高考运用:完成句子
① (总之),walking is a good form of exercise.
②In analyzing his and other research,Dr.Prinstein (得出另一个结论).(2019全国Ⅰ,阅读理解D)
答案:①In conclusion ②came to another conclusion
2.expose vt.暴露,揭露,使面临
归纳拓展 | ①expose sth./sb./oneself (to...)(向……)显露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己;使某事物/某人/某人自己面临 ②be exposed to接触;暴露于…… |
高考运用:完成句子
①Tom (被揭露) as a liar and a cheat.
② (暴露于)the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.
③Some people think that we shouldn’t children (使……接触) computer games.
答案:①was exposed ②Being exposed to ③expose;to playing
在expose...to...以及be exposed to结构中,to为介词,其后要用名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
3.cure vt.治愈,治疗
n.疗法;治疗;药
归纳拓展 | ①a cure for sth.治疗……的方法 ②cure sb.of...治愈某人的疾病/矫正某人的不良行为 |
高考运用:完成句子
①There was no (治疗方法),only pain relief.(2018江苏,完形填空)
②The fresh air and exercise him (治愈) his sleeplessness.
答案:①cure ②cured;of
4.absorb vt.吸收;吸引;使专心
归纳拓展 | ①absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意 ② absorb oneself in 某人全神贯注于 ③ be absorbed in 某人全神贯注于 ④“全神贯注于”的其他表达方式:be buried in/be occupied in/be lost in/be addicted to |
高考运用:完成句子
①It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working,and that’s plenty of time for your skin (吸收) a day’s worth of Vitamin D.(2019全国Ⅰ,七选五)
② (全神贯注于) his work,he simply forgot to have supper and sleep.
答案:①to absorb ②Absorbed in
5.blame v.谴责;责备;把……归咎于
n.过失;责备
归纳拓展 | ①blame sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)……而责备某人 ②blame sth. on sb.将……归咎于某人 ③be to blame 应受谴责 ④take the blame 承担责任 ⑤put the blame on sb.把责任推到某人身上 |
高考运用:完成句子
①Don’t always your own failure (将……归咎于) others.Sometimes you yourself (该受责备).
②You should (承担责任) for not finishing the work on time.
答案:①blame;on;are to blame ②take the blame
be to blame为主动形式表示被动意义,因此不能再用被动语态。
6.contribute vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助
归纳拓展 | ①contribute...to...把……贡献给…… ②contribute to...导致……;向……投稿;有助于…… ③make a contribution to...对……作出贡献 |
注意:上面短语中的to是介词,后面接名词或者动词的-ing形式。
高考运用:完成句子
①Located where the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will more (对……作出贡献) the Belt and Road construction.(2017江苏卷)
②Sports mainly (有助于) your physical fitness.
③Who (作出巨大贡献) the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?
答案:①contribute;to ②contribute;to ③made a great contribution to
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①Sports mainly lead to your physical fitness.
②Sports mainly result in your physical fitness.
③Your physical fitness mainly results from sports.
Many people contributed money to the poor boy,which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to China Daily.
许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐了款,这使他重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的报道并把它投给了《中国日报》。
7.put forward提出(意见、建议);推荐;将……提前
归纳拓展 | ①put aside储蓄;忽视;把……放在一边 ②put away储存(钱);将……收起来,将……放回原处 ③put back拨回,向后拨;推迟,延期;放回原处 ④put down写下;放下;平定 |
高考运用:完成句子
①I tend to accept any idea (提出) by experts on TV.
②We’re trying to (储存) a few hundred dollars every month toward our vacation.
③We don’t have any idea who grandma (推荐).(2019全国Ⅱ,语法填空改编)
答案:①put forward ②put aside ③put;forward
在表示“提出”时,put forward和come up with为及物动词短语;而come up是不及物动词短语。
8.make sense 有意义;有道理;讲得通
归纳拓展 | ①make sense of理解,明白 ②make no sense没道理,没意义 ③in a sense从某种意义上说 ④common sense常识 ⑤a sense of duty/humor/beauty/direction/pride 责任感/幽默感/美感/方向感/自豪感 ⑥in no sense决不(用在句首时,句子用部分倒装) |
高考运用:完成句子
①Read this and tell me if it (有意义).
②Can you (理解) what this American is saying?
③ (决不) should you lose heart,keep trying and you’ll make it sooner or later.
答案:①makes sense ②make sense of ③In no sense
