专题13 完形填空夹叙夹议文 -高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用）

专题13 完形填空夹叙夹议文目录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898652" 题型综述 2 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898652" 解题攻略 2 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898653" 题型01 句内层次题 3 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898654" 题型02 句组层次题 4 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898655" 题型03 语篇层次题  PAGEREF _Toc148898655 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898657" 高考练场 7题型简介夹叙夹议文是高考英语完形填空中常见的一种体裁。它结合了记叙文和议论文的特点，通常通过叙述一个事件或经历，然后在此基础上发表作者的观点或引发思考。这种文体的文章结构清晰，主题明确，内容贴近考生的生活实际，具有较强的可读性和教育意义。命题类型句内层次题：主要考查动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词在具体语境中的运用。句组理解题：要求考生根据上下文的语境来选择最合适的词汇，理解作者的观点和态度。语篇推理题：考查考生对文章逻辑关系的理解，需要根据文章的叙述和议论部分进行推理。解题思路关注首句，领会大意：首句通常不设空，提供了文章的主题或背景信息，帮助考生快速把握文章的大意。注重语境，理清行文逻辑：夹叙夹议文的记叙和议论部分交错出现，考生需要通过上下文的语境来理解作者的观点和态度。找准标志词，弄清结构：注意文章中的衔接词，如对比、强调、让步、举例等，这些词可以帮助考生理解文章的结构和发展脉络。先易后难，逐步推进：先解决那些容易判断的空格，再逐步处理较难的题目，避免在难题上耗费过多时间。复读再核查：在填完所有空格后，通读全文，确保所选答案使文章意思通顺、前后连贯。 题型01 句内层次题 句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。理清记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。重视首句，把握文章主题。分析结构，抓住作者观点态度。3. 利用上下文，关注过渡词，理清逻辑关系。(安徽省卓越县中联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中考试) .........Helen was only ____30____ to work a few days a week, but that soon turned into every day. This lovely 78-year-old woman loved coming to school. She always felt quite ____31____ when I told her not to come on extremely cold and icy mornings..........30. A. forced B. scheduled C. trained D. permitted31. A. surprised B. fortunate C. ashamed D. disappointed【答案】 30. B 31. D【解析】【导语】主要讲述了祖父母志愿者海伦在幼儿园班级帮助作者教导学生，学生都很喜爱海伦。【30题详解】句内层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：海伦原本每周只工作几天，但很快就变成了每天都工作。A. forced迫使；B. scheduled安排；C. trained训练；D. permitted允许。根据后文“to work a few days a week”可知，海伦原本被安排每周只工作几天，故选B。【31题详解】句内层次题。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉她不要在寒冷刺骨的早晨来的时候，她总是感到很失望。A. surprised惊讶的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“This lovely 78-year-old woman loved coming to school.(这位可爱的78岁老妇人喜欢学校)”可知，海伦喜欢去学校，所以被告知不要在寒冷刺骨的早晨来的时候，她总是感到很失望。故选D。（2024年浙江卷1月完形填空片段）My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____24____ to practice my Chinese. 24. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right【解析】句内层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。【答案】 A题型02 句组层次题 句组层次题：解题线索分布在上句，下句和本句之中。谨记“上看一句下看一句中间看一句（瞻前顾后）”，并根据逻辑意思、句法分析、固定搭配、排除法、词汇复现、逻辑关系、背景常识等方法瞻前顾后、耐心作答。 (湖北省市级示范高中智学联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考)........As someone who doesn’t like being in the spotlight (聚光灯), ___45___ down the street and suddenly hearing someone say to their friend, “Look, a laowai”, is not the most enjoyable experience. It’s safe to say that most people wouldn’t ___46___ a stranger commenting out loud on their ___47___, like saying “tall guy” or “big head”. ........45. A. running B. walking C. riding D. driving46. A. avoid B. rely C. permit D. appreciate47. A. background B. attitude C. appearance D. behavior【答案】 45. B 46. D 47. C 【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在中国被称为“老外”的经历，从不适到接受，体现了对中国的深厚情感及渴望融入的愿望。【45题详解】句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个不喜欢成为聚光灯下的人，走在街上，突然听到有人对他们的朋友说：“看，老外”，这并不是最愉快的经历。A. running跑步；B. walking步行；C. riding骑行；D. driving驾驶。根据上文“down the street and suddenly hearing someone say to their friend, “Look, a laowai””以及语境可知，此处描述日常行走时的情景，即作者走在街上。故选B。【46题详解】句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：可以肯定地说，大多数人不会感激陌生人大声评论他们的外表，比如说“高个子”或“大头”。A. avoid避免；B. rely依赖；C. permit允许；D. appreciate欣赏，感激。根据上文“As someone who doesn’t like being in the spotlight (聚光灯), ___5___ down the street and suddenly hearing someone say to their friend, “Look, a laowai”, is not the most enjoyable experience.”可知，此处表示大多数人一般不会感激陌生人说自己是“高个子”或“大头”。故选D。【47题详解】句组层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. background背景；B. attitude态度；C. appearance外表；D. behavior行为。根据下文“like saying “tall guy” or “big head””可知，此处表示评论人们的外表。故选C。（2024年1月浙江省高考首考）While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____21.encounter____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My ____23____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____24.chance____ to practice my Chinese. 22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached23. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost【解析】22.句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D23. 句组层次题。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。【答案】 22. D 23. C 题型03 语篇层次题 语篇层次题：解题线索分布在某一段或几段相隔，甚至全篇，距离较远，更需瞻前顾后，谨记“文中无废句，句中无闲词”，并根据逻辑意思、句法分析、固定搭配、排除法、词汇复现、逻辑关系、背景常识等方法瞻前顾后、合理推断、耐心作答。 （2024·江苏南京·模拟预测）In 2014, Amy collapsed from a brain hemorrhage (脑溢血) while working. After a year recovering at home, she sighed up for a course with the ambition to become a 2 .However, occasional vision disturbance was still presen , influencing the amount of energy she could give to the course. Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. It’s particularly depressing because it seemed to ruined her optimism to be a painter! 2．A．teacher B．doctor C．worker D．painter【解析】语篇层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A. teacher老师；B. doctor医生；C. worker工人；D. painter画家。根据下文“...it seemed to ___her optimism to be a painter!”可知，艾米是打算成为一名画家。故选D。【答案】D（2021年浙江1月高考完形填空片段）I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 42 ．We had to 43.carry everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked.It may not seem like a 44.long way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.My job was to 45.build a stairway out of rock.This 46.meant climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 47.seen.… 53.Needless to say，I suffered a lot.But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 54.survived．I think I am much 55.stronger for having taken part in the project.42．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．Course【解析】 语篇层次题。根据文章末尾的the project可知，本篇文章讲述的是作者某次项目的经历，结合文末信息回到文章开头可知，作者被派去Coronado National Forest是为了一个为期8天的“项目(工程)”。叙事类的完形填空往往通过讲述一个故事来传达中心思想或表达立意，作者多采用首尾相呼应的写法，在文章结尾处来升华主题。因此，学生应学会首尾兼顾，结合文章开头、结尾信息解答此类题目【答案】B(2024年新课标高考英语甲卷)One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the ____21____ to help my grandmother wash dishes. ____22____ my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood. Born just before WWII, my grandmother ____23____ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to ____24____. Like in typical families, where boys were ____25____ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do ____26____. The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to ____27____ was when her brother was having Chinese ____28____ with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening ____29____. This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down — a skill that has turned out to be quite ____30____, especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the ____31____. There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their ____32____ while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I ____33____ — her ability to open her ____34____ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. My childhood is quite ____35____ compared with hers. I am ____36____ that I did not need to ____37____ the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of ____38____. I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to ____39____ to: her stories always make my history textbooks ____40____.21. A. sitting room B. kitchen C. yard D. dining hall22. A. As always B. By the way C. For example D. Here and now23. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced24. A. work B. school C. court D. press25. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged26. A. gardening B. homework C. business D. housework27. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach28. A. food B. guests C. lessons D. tea29. A. closely B. directly C. nervously D. freely30. A. professional B. awkward C. simple D. practical31. A. market B. mountain C. beach D. class32. A. secret B. breath C. view D. tongue33. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value34. A. hands B. mouth C. eyes D. arms35. A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar36. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful37. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for38. A. unemployment B. health C. education D. communication39. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk40. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者祖母的童年故事，以及作者从故事中得到的感悟。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当大人们在外面忙于严肃的谈话时，我一个人留在厨房里帮奶奶洗碗。A. sitting room客厅；B. kitchen厨房；C. yard院子；D. dining hall餐厅。根据下文“to help my grandmother wash dishes”可推知，此处指作者在厨房洗碗。故选B。【22题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：一如既往地，我的祖母会给我讲她童年的故事。As always一如既往；B. By the way顺便说一句；C. For example例如；D. Here and now此时此地。根据语境，结合下文“my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood”可推知，此处指作者的祖母经常给作者讲童年故事，这次一如既往的给作者讲她童年的故事。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A. adjusted调整；B. promoted促进；C. achieved完成；D. experienced经历。根据下文“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有机会上学。A. work工作；B. school学校；C. court法院；D. press出版社。根据下文“The only opportunity she could seize to _______ was when her brother was having Chinese _______ with the family tutor”可推知，此处在指祖母生活的年代，她是没有机会上学的。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. favored赞成；B. tolerated容忍；C. trusted信任；D. acknowledged承认。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school. Like in typical families”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A.gardening园艺；B. homework家庭作业；C. business商务；D.housework家务。结合语境，再根据上文“my grandma had to stay at home”可推知，此处指作者祖母在家里做家务。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A. exercise锻炼；B. study学习；C. explore探索；D. teach教学。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A. food食物；B. guests客人；C. lessons课程；D. tea茶。根据上文“having Chinese”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她会安静地坐在长长的餐桌的另一端，仔细地听着。A.closely仔细地、紧密地；B. directly直接地；C. nervously紧张地；D. freely自由地。根据上文“The only opportunity she could seize to study was when her brother was having Chinese lessons with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table”可推知，此处指祖母抓住学习机会，仔细地旁听学习。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项训练教会了她把中文倒过来读和写——这项技能被证明是非常实用的，尤其是当我们分享报纸的时候。A. professional专业的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. simple简单的；D. practical实用的。根据上文“This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down”以及下文“especially whenever we share the newspaper”可推知，此处指祖母学会的技能是非常实用的。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数周末，我的祖母，当时还是个小女孩，和她的哥哥会去海滩。A. market市场；B. mountain山；C. beach海滩；D. class班级。根据下文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥去海滩玩水。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看着周围发生的一切。A. secret秘密；B. breath呼吸；C. view视野；D. tongue舌头。根据上文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥在水下屏住呼吸。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire钦佩；B. notice注意到；C.adopt采纳；D. value重视。根据下文“her ability to open her _______ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. hands手；B. mouth嘴；C. eyes眼睛；D. arms胳膊。根据上文“open her”以及下文“still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指祖母张开嘴在水底坐着。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与她的童年相比，我的童年相当快乐。A. difficult困难的；B. complex复杂的；C. happy快乐的；D. similar相似的。通读全文，再根据“compared with hers”可推知，此处指与祖母的童年经历相比，作者的童年相当快乐。故选C。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. grateful感激的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. convinced深信不疑的；D. regretful后悔的。根据上文“My childhood is quite happy compared with hers.”可推知，此处指作者很感激自己的童年是快乐的。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. reflect upon思考；B. go through经历；C. ask about询问；D. prepare for准备。根据上文“I am grateful that I did not need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过受教育的问题。A.unemployment失业；B. health健康；C. education教育；D. communication沟通。通读全文，再根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”可推知，文章主要讲了祖母不被允许上学，没受过教育的困境，所以此处指作者从来没有遇到过受教育的问题。故选C。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. attend出席；B. refer参考；C. lead领导；D. talk对话、讨论。结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此处指祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。talk to“与某人交谈”。故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. come true成真；B. come round苏醒；C. come out出现；D. come alive变得生动。根据上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经历和故事丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。故选D。(2023年1月浙江首考)The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 . I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk. 49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up.41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness42．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing48．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto52．A．high B．early C．fast D．close53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading54．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry55．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order【答案】41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．A【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I _______ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ________ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recognised认出；C. followed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ________ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the ________ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often _______”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ________ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B. equipment设备；C. person个人；D. order点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed _______ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。A（24-25高三上·海南省直辖县级单位·阶段练习）I went on holiday recently and didn’t take a single photo. That was not because it wasn’t an “Instagram able location” or because I wasn’t having a good time. In fact, not taking photos wasn’t even a(n) 1 decision, at least at first. Not having to 2 getting “the perfect shot” was relaxing. The two weeks of holiday were spent being truly in the moment. The exhaustion of trying to capture every single sunset, meal and pool shot 3 . Not snapping away like crazy saved me 4 to actually enjoy every moment. It made for a more 5 experience. I wasn’t constantly distracted by angles, lighting and filters (滤镜). I simply absorbed what was happening in front of me. The irony (讽刺之处) is that most people take a picture in order to keep a memory 6 . Nevertheless, psychologists say you’re actually rewriting over that memory by doing so. Linda Henkel, a psychology professor at Fairfield University, conducted a study in 2014 with 28 university students. These students were asked to observe 15 objects with their own 7 and snap photos of 15 others in a museum. When they were tested the next day, they weren’t able to remember as many features of the objects that they had 8 compared with those they had seen with their eyes. Henkel found that taking photos led to an “impairment effect.” That is to say, the subjects remembered fewer 9 of an experience.“As soon as you hit ‘click’ on that camera, it’s as if you’ve outsourced (外包) your memory,” she says. “We have this expectation that the camera is going to remember things for us, so we don’t have to continue 10 that object and we don’t engage in the types of things that would otherwise help us to remember it.” With smartphones and devices that automatically (自动地) take a picture every 30 seconds, how much is too much? How do we know when we are taking too many pictures and 11 our memories? 12 most of us are taking more photos than we can handle. Who among us hasn’t regularly wondered what to do with our smartphone photos and struggled to 13 old ones to clear out storage space? We’ve already been told that Instagramming food makes meals taste 14 . Perhaps that’s why I ate such delicious food on my recent two-week holiday. As 15 as it may be to snap away to my heart’s content, I think I’m going to start putting the phone down more often in order to actually enjoy the time with my loved ones instead.1．A．final B．right C．intentional D．tough2．A．stop with B．focus on C．benefit from D．fight for3．A．moved up B．ran down C．went out D．fell away4．A．time B．money C．space D．need5．A．exciting B．carefree C．professional D．useful6．A．sate B．correct C．alive D．available7．A．efforts B．opinions C．strengths D．eyes8．A．photographed B．observed C．discovered D．expected9．A．mistakes B．details C．changes D．challenges10．A．processing B．discussing C．solving D．improving11．A．connecting B．changing C．strengthening D．sacrificing12．A．Unfortunately B．Thankfully C．Surprisingly D．Obviously13．A．compare B．delete C．replace D．collect14．A．familiar B．similar C．worse D．unusual15．A．attractive B．normal C．silly D．rewarding【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在度假时不拍照，反而更享受当下，并探讨了拍照对记忆的影响。1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，不拍照甚至不是一个有意的决定，至少一开始不是。A. final最后的；B. right正确的；C. intentional有意的；D. tough艰难的。根据前文“That was not because it wasn’t an “Instagram able location” or because I wasn’t having a good time.”及后文“at least at first”可知，一开始不拍照不是有意的决定。故选C。2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不必专注于拍摄“完美的照片”是很轻松的。A. stop with以……为止，停止；B. focus on专注于；C. benefit from从……中受益；D. fight for为……而战。根据后文“Not snapping away like crazy”、“Not snapping away like crazy”以及“I wasn’t constantly distracted by angles, lighting and filters (滤镜). ”可知，此处指不专注于拍摄完美的照片。故选B。3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：想要捕捉每一个日落、每一顿饭和游泳池的照片的疲惫感消失了。A. moved up上升；B. ran down减少，缩减；C. went out出去，熄灭；D. fell away消失，消散。根据后文“Not snapping away like crazy saved me ___4___ to actually enjoy every moment.”可知，作者不再疯狂拍照，享受每一个时刻，拍照带来的疲惫感消失了。故选D。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不再疯狂拍照为我节省了时间去真正享受每一刻。A. time时间；B. money金钱；C. space空间；D. need需要。根据上文“Not snapping away like crazy”及后文“to actually enjoy every moment”可知，不再疯狂拍照为我节省了时间让我可以享受每一刻。故选A。5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这创造了一个更无忧无虑的体验。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. carefree无忧无虑的；C. professional专业的；D. useful有用的。根据前文“The exhaustion of trying to capture every single sunset, meal and pool shot ___3___.”及后文“I wasn’t constantly distracted by angles, lighting and filters”可知，拍照带来的疲惫感消失了，作者不被角度、光线和滤镜分散注意力，这次体验更无忧无虑。故选B。6．考查动词/形容词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，大多数人拍照是为了保持记忆鲜活。A. sate满足；B. correct正确的；C. alive鲜活的，继续存在的；D. available可获得的。根据常识及后文“most people take a picture in order to keep a memory”可知，大多数人通过拍照保持记忆鲜活，使记忆一直存在。keep sth. alive保持……鲜活。故选C。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些学生被要求用自己的眼睛观察博物馆里的15件物品，并为另外15件物品拍照。A. efforts努力；B. opinions观点；C. strengths优点；D. eyes眼睛。根据后文“compared with those they had seen with their eyes”可知，此处指用自己的眼睛观察物品。故选D。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们第二天接受测试时，与他们亲眼看到的物品相比，他们无法回忆起自己拍照的物品的那么多特征。A. photographed拍照；B. observed观察；C. discovered发现；D. expected期待。根据前文“snap photos of 15 others”可知，此处指拍照的物品。故选A。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，受试者记住的经历的细节更少。A. mistakes错误；B. details细节；C. changes改变；D. challenges挑战。根据后文“they weren’t able to remember as many features of the objects that they had ___8___ compared with those they had seen with their eyes. Henkel found that taking photos led to an “impairment effect.””可知，此处指记住的细节更少。故选B。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们期望相机会为我们记住东西，所以我们不必继续审阅那个物体，我们也不会做那些否则会帮助我们记住它的事情。A. processing处理，审阅；B. discussing讨论；C. solving解决；D. improving提高。根据后文“that object and we don’t engage in the types of things that would otherwise help us to remember it.”可知，我们不必继续审阅那个物体，即关注物体。故选A。11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们怎么知道我们拍了太多照片，牺牲了我们的记忆？A. connecting连接；B. changing改变；C. strengthening加强；D. sacrificing牺牲。根据前文“Henkel found that taking photos led to an “impairment effect.””以及“we don’t engage in the types of things that would otherwise help us to remember it.”可知，此处指拍太多照片牺牲记忆。故选D。12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们大多数人拍的照片比我们能够处理的要多。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Thankfully感谢地；C. Surprisingly惊讶地；D. Obviously明显地。根据后文“more photos than we can handle”可知，此处指不幸的是拍的照片太多。故选A。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们中谁没有经常想知道如何处理我们的智能手机照片，并努力删除旧照片以腾出存储空间？A. compare比较；B. delete删除；C. replace取代；D. collect收集。根据后文“to clear out storage space”可知，此处指删除旧照片腾出空间。故选B。14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们已经被告知，在社交媒体上晒美食会让饭菜味道变差。A. familiar熟悉的；B. similar相似的；C. worse更糟的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据上文“The two weeks of holiday were spent being truly in the moment.”以及下文“Perhaps that’s why I ate such delicious food on my recent two-week holiday”可知，此处指拍照在社交媒体上晒美食会让饭菜味道变差，作者由此认为这两周假期里吃的食物非常美味是因为最近没有拍照，故选C。15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管随心所欲地拍照可能很有吸引力，但我认为我会开始更经常地放下手机，以便真正享受与亲人在一起的时光。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. normal正常的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. rewarding值得的。根据后文“to snap away to my heart’s content”以及“I think I’m going to start putting the phone down more often in order to actually enjoy the time with my loved ones instead.”可知，此处指随心所欲地拍照很有吸引力，但是作者决定要放下手机享受和亲爱的人在一起的时光。故选A。B（24-25高三上·山东·阶段练习）As a graduate student in Chicago, Andria was given the much exhausting job of collecting survey data as part of an academic research project. Each time she approached a passer-by, she thought she would be told how annoyed they were. Yet the bad responses 16 came. Many more people were 17 to answer the questionnaires than she had 18 .Was it possible, she wondered, that most of us are wrong about whether people want to respond to our requests? Over the following decade, she conducted multiple studies that 19 this was indeed the case: under many circumstances, people are often more likely to 20 than we assume. 21 , it seemed that the results provided a refreshingly 22 view of human nature.  “It is 23 to know that people are more likely to do things for you than expected.” However, with time going by and more reflections on the results, Andria has come to 24 that her results reflect a broader tendency that we usually 25 how much influence our words can have on others, whether we’re asking them to 26 good or bad actions. People often agree to do what they are asked because they find it too 27 to say no, even sometimes feeling uncomfortable with our 28 .Knowing this can help us understand how our demands might 29 other people particularly in the workplace, helping us adjust our needs accordingly in ways that respect people’s 30 and without taking what they have done for us for granted.16．A．frequently B．eventually C．rarely D．tentatively17．A．reluctant B．ready C．accessible D．hesitant18．A．recognized B．transferred C．committed D．anticipated19．A．made for B．marked out C．made out D．made sure20．A．ignore B．cooperate C．reject D．complain21．A．On the surface B．On the whole C．On the contrary D．On the go22．A．neutral B．critical C．negative D．optimistic23．A．ridiculous B．awesome C．discouraging D．influential24．A．deny B．doubt C．appreciate D．subscribe25．A．undervalue B．overstate C．mislead D．correlate26．A．imitate B．perceive C．measure D．perform27．A．awkward B．deliberate C．tricky D．amused28．A．recommendations B．requests C．quests D．announcements29．A．distinguish B．impress C．emerge D．impact30．A．defense B．assumptions C．boundaries D．confusion【答案】16．C 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．C【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了芝加哥一名研究生安德里亚在收集调查数据时意外发现，人们往往比预期更愿意回应他人的请求。她通过多年研究证实，人们通常低估了自己言语对他人行为的影响力，这反映了一种更广泛的倾向。了解这一点有助于我们理解自身需求如何影响他人，特别是在职场中，从而让我们以尊重他人感受的方式调整需求。16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，很少收到不好的回复。A. frequently经常地；B. eventually最终；C. rarely很少地；D. tentatively暂定地，试探性地。根据前文的“Each time she approached a passer-by, she thought she would be told how annoyed they were.”以及句首“Yet”可知上下文构成转折关系，每次安德里亚向路人提出请求时，都以为会被拒绝，但实际情况是“很少收到不好的回复”。故选C项。17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比她预想的，更多的人愿意回答问卷。A. reluctant不情愿的；B. ready乐意的；C. accessible可进入的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据前文“Yet the bad responses  ________  came.”以及后文的“than she had  ________ .”可知，此处指比她预想的更多的人愿意回答问卷。be ready to do sth.表示“乐意做某事”。故选B项。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. recognized认出；B. transferred转移；C. committed承诺；D. anticipated预料。根据前文“Each time she approached a passer-by, she thought she would be told how annoyed they were.”以及后文“that most of us are wrong about whether people want to respond to our requests”可知，安德里亚对人们是否会回应她的请求的预期是错误的，所以此处指愿意回答问卷的人比她预想的多。故选D项。19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的十年里，她进行了多项研究，确保事实确实如此：在许多情况下，人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。A. made for向……移动；B. marked out标出；C. made out理解，辨认出；D. made sure确保，查明，核实，弄清（某事属实或已做）。根据后文的“this was indeed the case”可知，安德里亚进行多项研究是为了弄清楚事实确实如此。故选D项。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. ignore忽视；B. cooperate合作；C. reject拒绝；D. complain抱怨。根据前文的“Many more people were  _______  to answer the questionnaires than she had  _______ .”可知，比她预想的，更多的人愿意回答问卷，所以此处指人们往往比我们想象的更愿意合作。故选B项。21．考查介词短语辨析。句意：表面上，结果似乎提供了一个令人耳目一新的人性乐观观点。A. On the surface表面上；B. On the whole大体上，总体而言；C. On the contrary相反；D. On the go十分活跃，非常忙碌。根据后文的“However, with time going by and more reflections on the results”可知，然而，随着时间的推移和对结果的更多反思，作者发现事情并非“表面上”那样，所以此处指表面上，结果似乎提供了一个令人耳目一新的人性乐观观点。故选A项。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. neutral中立的；B. critical批评的；C. negative消极的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据“It is _______ to know that people are more likely to do things for you than expected.”可知，人们比预期的更愿意为你做事，这是一个令人乐观的发现，所以此处指结果似乎提供了一个令人耳目一新的人性乐观观点。故选D项。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“知道人们比预期的更愿意为你做事真是太棒了。”A. ridiculous荒谬的；B. awesome令人敬畏的，很棒的；C. discouraging令人沮丧的；D. influential有影响力的。根据“people are more likely to do things for you than expected”可知，人们比预期的更愿意为你做事，所以这是一件非常棒的事情。故选B项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移和对结果的更多反思，Andria明白到她的结果反映了一个更广泛的趋势，即我们通常低估了我们的言语能对他人产生多大的影响。A. deny否认；B. doubt怀疑；C. appreciate理解，意识到，欣赏；D. subscribe订阅。根据前文“However, with time going by and more reflections on the results”可知，此处指安德里亚对研究结果进行了更多的反思后意识到的事情。故选C项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. undervalue低估；B. overstate夸大；C. mislead误导；D. correlate相互关联。根据后文“whether we’re asking them to  ________  good or bad actions.”以及“ People often agree to do what they are asked because they find it too ______ to say no, even sometimes feeling uncomfortable with our ______.”可知，我们要求别人做好事或坏事，别人都会同意，所以通常低估了言语对他人的影响力。故选A项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我们是要求他们做好事还是坏事。A. imitate模仿；B. perceive注意到，认为；C. measure测量；D. perform执行，做。根据后文的“good or bad actions”可知，这里指做好事或坏事，perform actions意为“采取行动，执行操作”，符合语境。故选D项。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们经常同意做他们被要求做的事情，因为他们觉得拒绝太尴尬了，有时甚至对我们的请求感到不舒服。A. awkward尴尬的；B. deliberate故意的；C. tricky狡猾的；D. amused逗乐的，觉得好笑的。根据后文的“even sometimes feeling uncomfortable with our  ________ .”可知，人们会因为拒绝会感到尴尬或不舒服而同意做他们被要求做的事情。故选A项。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. recommendations推荐；B. requests请求；C. quests探索，寻求；D. announcements公告。根据上文的“whether we’re asking them to  _______  good or bad actions.”以及句中“People often agree to do what they are asked”可知，这里指对别人的请求感到不舒服。故选B项。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解这一点可以帮助我们理解我们的需求如何影响他人，特别是在工作场所，从而帮助我们以尊重他人界限的方式相应地调整我们的需求，并且不要把他们对我们所做的事情视为理所当然。A. distinguish区分；B. impress使印象深刻；C. emerge浮现；D. impact影响。根据后文的“helping us adjust our needs accordingly in ways that respect people’s  ________  and without taking what they have done for us for granted.”可知，了解这一点可以帮助以尊重他人界限的方式相应地调整我们的需求，即了解这一点也可以帮助我们理解我们的需求是如何影响他人的。故选D项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. defense防御；B. assumptions假设；C. boundaries界限；D. confusion困惑。根据上文的“helping us adjust our needs accordingly”以及下文“without taking what they have done for us for granted”可知，了解这一点可以帮助我们相应地调整需求，从而尊重他人的界限，不要把他们对我们所做的事情视为理所当然。故选C项。C（24-25高三上·四川成都·阶段练习）The past 10 months has been the most influential months of my life.As a junior, I left my comfortable home in Illinois and 31 going to the Navajo Indian Reservation in Arizona. There I attended a local poorly­-equipped school and 32 for an adventure. I experienced so many 33 when I arrived, fighting each day to 34 in a new social environment—overcoming racial differences, handling social 35 ...During the summer vacation I 36 to be a counselor (顾问) at an Easter Seals camp for people with 37 needs who require assistance because of disabilities and improve their ability to do things alone. It was the most tiring work I’d ever experienced but the most 38 . I knew that I’d helped improve over 850 campers’ 39 .As the new school year began, our department had a renovation (翻新). I offered to help clean up all the 40 books. Instead of recycling hundreds of those books, I 41 the department that the books could serve a higher 42 . This simple act resulted in an all-out book drive benefiting the schools in Arizona.The 10-­month experience in Arizona 43 me greatly. It made me become a person with patience, appreciation, determination, and 44 enthusiasm. I trust that it is through enthusiasm, ideas and action that all changes can 45 .31．A．practised B．risked C．escaped D．considered32．A．settled on B．settled for C．settled up D．settled in33．A．miracles B．pleasures C．blows D．burdens34．A．survive B．succeed C．recover D．return35．A．relationships B．communications C．conflicts D．responsibilities36．A．promises B．determined C．afforded D．learned37．A．essential B．normal C．special D．natural38．A．challenging B．rewarding C．demanding D．appealing39．A．patience B．independence C．intelligence D．confidence40．A．unturned B．invaluable C．unbeneficial D．unwanted41．A．reminded B．comforted C．informed D．convinced42．A．attempt B．target C．purpose D．standard43．A．transformed B．enlightened C．educated D．impressed44．A．after all B．above all C．at all D．in all45．A．work B．spread C．matter D．occur【答案】31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．C 36．B 37．C 38．B 39．B 40．D 41．D 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章描述了作者在亚利桑那州的纳瓦霍印第安人保留地的十个月的生活经历，这段经历改变了他，使他成为了一个有耐心、感恩心、决心和充满热情的人。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大三时，我离开了伊利诺斯州舒适的家，冒险去了亚利桑那州的纳瓦霍印第安人保留地。A. practised练习；B. risked冒险；C. escaped逃脱；D. considered考虑。根据句中的“left my comfortable home”和下句“There I attended a local poorly­ equipped school and 　　 for an adventure.(在那里，我进入了一所设备简陋的当地学校，并进行了一次冒险。)”中的“adventure”可知，作者去亚利桑那州是冒着一定风险的。故选B。32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那里，我上了一所设备简陋的当地学校，在那里安顿下来，并开始了一段冒险之旅。A. settled on选定；B. settled for勉强接受；C. settled up偿还欠款；D. settled in安顿下来，适应新环境。根据上文“As a junior, I left my comfortable home in Illinois and 　　going to the Navajo Indian Reservation in Arizona.(大三时，我离开了伊利诺斯州舒适的家，冒险去了亚利桑那州的纳瓦霍印第安人保留地。)”可知，作者离开家，去了亚利桑那州，应该是在那里安顿下来后，准备开始自己的冒险经历。故选D。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：刚来的时候，我经历了这么多的打击，每天为了在新的社会环境中生存而斗争——克服种族差异，处理社会冲突……A. miracles奇迹；B. pleasures快乐；C. blows打击；D. burdens负担。根据句中“fighting each day to 　　　 in a new social environment—overcoming racial differences, handling social 　　...”可知，作者在新环境需要克服种族差异，处理社会冲突，为生存而都斗争，这期间应该是经历了许多的打击。故选C。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：刚来的时候，我经历了这么多的打击，每天为了在新的社会环境中生存而斗争——克服种族差异，处理社会冲突……A. survive生存、存活；B. succeed成功；C. recover恢复、康复；D. return返回。根据句中“in a new social environment”可知，作者来到一个新的社会环境，每天都要经历诸如克服种族差异，处理社会冲突这样的斗争，都是为了能够生存下来。故选A。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：刚来的时候，我经历了太多的打击，每天为了在新的社会环境中生存而斗争——克服种族差异，处理社会冲突……A. relationships关系；B. communications交流；C. conflicts冲突、矛盾；D. responsibilities责任。根据“fighting each day to   ”和“overcoming racial differences”可知，空处应该是个贬义词，作者为了生存需要斗争，要克服种族差异，还应该要处理社会矛盾和冲突。故选C。36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：暑假期间，我决定在复活节海豹夏令营当一名辅导员，这个夏令营是为有特殊需要的人而设的，他们因为残疾而需要帮助，提高他们独自做事的能力。A. promises承诺；B. determined决定；C. afforded负担得起；D. learned学习。根据“It was the most tiring work I’d ever experienced but the most 　8　.(这是我经历过的最累人的工作，但也是最值得的。)”可知，作者在暑假期间在复活节海豹营当了一名辅导员，这应该是他当时的选择和决定。故选B。37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：暑假期间，我决定在复活节海豹夏令营当一名辅导员，这个夏令营是为有特殊需要的人而设的，他们因为残疾而需要帮助，提高他们独自做事的能力。A. essential基本的、必不可少的；B. normal正常的；C. special特殊的；D. natural自然的。根据句中“disabilities”可知，夏令营里都是一些身患残疾的人，他们和正常人相比会有一些特殊的需要。故选C。38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我经历过的最累人的工作，但也是最值得的。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. rewarding值得的、有意义的；C. demanding要求高的；D. appealing有吸引力的。根据句中“tiring”和“but”可知，这个工作虽然很累，但是因为帮助了有需要的人，所以应该还是很值得的。故选B。39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我已经帮助850多名营员提高了独立性。A. patience耐心；B. independence独立；C. intelligence智力；D. confidence信心。根据上文“who require assistance because of disabilities and improve their ability to do things alone.(他们因为残疾而需要帮助，提高他们独自做事的能力。)”可知，这些营员因为残疾需要帮助，提高他们独立做事的能力，故作者帮助他们提高了独立性。故选B。40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我主动提出帮忙清理所有不需要的书。A. unturned未翻转的；B. invaluable宝贵的；C. unbeneficial无益的；D. unwanted不需要的。根据下文“Instead of recycling hundreds of those books(没有回收数百本这样的书)”中的“recycle”可知，这应该都是一些不需要的书，需要被清理。故选D。41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有回收数百本这样的书，而是说服了系里的人，这些书可以为更高的目的服务。A. reminded提醒；B. comforted安慰；C. informed通知；D. convinced说服、使信服。根据句中“Instead of recycling hundreds of those books”可知，系里本来是要回收这些书的，但是作者认为它们可以为更高的目的服务，所以需要说服系里，使他们相信这些书有更好的用处。故选D。42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有回收数百本这样的书，而是说服了系里的人，这些书可以为更高的目的服务。A. attempt尝试、企图；B. target目标；C. purpose目的；D. standard标准。根据下句“This simple act resulted in an all-out book drive benefiting the schools in Arizona.(这个简单的举动导致了一场全面的图书募捐活动，使亚利桑那州的学校受益。)”可知，作者认为这些书可以为更高的目的服务。故选C。43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在亚利桑那州10个月的经历极大地改变了我。A. transformed使转变、使改观；B. enlightened启发、开导；C. educated教育；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据下句“It made me become a person with patience, appreciation, determination, and 　　 enthusiasm.(它使我成为一个有耐心、感恩心、决心，最重要的是有热情的人。)”可知，这10个月的经历是作者成为了一个有耐心、感恩心、决心，有热情的人，使他发生了极大的转变。故选A。44．考查固定短语辨析。句意：它使我成为一个有耐心、感恩心、决心，最重要的是有热情的人。A. after all毕竟；B. above all首先、最重要的；C. at all根本、丝毫；D. in all总共。根据下句“I trust that it is through enthusiasm, ideas and action that all changes can   (我相信，通过热情、想法和行动，所有的改变都会发生。)”可知，作者认为有热情、想法和行动是最重要的。故选B。45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信，通过热情、想法和行动，所有的改变都会发生。A. work工作、起作用；B. spread传播；C. matter有关系、要紧；D. occur发生。根据前两句“The 10-­month experience in Arizona me greatly. It made me become a person with patience, appreciation, determination, and 　　　enthusiasm.(在亚利桑那州10个月的经历极大地改变了我，它使我成为一个有耐心、感恩心、决心，最重要的是有热情的人。)”可知，作者认为自己那10个月的经历，使自己成为有热情、有想法、有行动的人，从而极大地改变了自己，因此他相信通过热情、想法和行动，所有的改变都会发生。故选D。D（24-25高三上·广西·阶段练习）Learning to draw is challenging, and finding effective practice methods can be even harder. Repetition is crucial, but it shouldn’t kill the joy of 46 . I had been self-teaching for years with 47 progress, despite having tried lots of books and courses and filled endless pages with boxes, parallel 48 and figures.But something 49 when I started sketchbooking (速描) this year. The sketchbooks led to a shift in mindset. Rather than trying to practice as before, I was engaging in scribbling (乱涂乱画). I started carrying sketchbooks 50 , capturing scenes and moments. These books became an essential part of my experiences and a way for me to work through stuff, especially during 51 times when my wife had a health scare and was in the hospital.I spoke with Danny Gregory, a sketchbooking enthusiast, to try to 52 why I had become so taken by my new passion. He 53 that traditional drawing practice feels academic and unexpressive. Instead, he advocated for expressive, repetitive, and focused practice, like 54 a sketchbook with drawings of a morning tea cup.Inspired, I completed two sketchbooks full of portraits, not as studies for future work, but as individual 55 . My current sketchbook tackles my biggest challenge—drawing 56 . Now I’m not 57 it as I did before because drawing a bunch of hands isn’t just practice anymore.Sketchbooking has become an 58 part of my life. It has allowed me to 59 moments and work through emotions, making the act of drawing not just a 60 to master but a form of personal expression and therapy.46．A．teaching B．learning C．reading D．writing47．A．little B．rapid C．steady D．significant48．A．waves B．edges C．lines D．dots49．A．clicked B．worsened C．developed D．remained50．A．nowhere B．everywhere C．anywhere D．somewhere51．A．dull B．easy C．ordinary D．difficult52．A．figure out B．sort out C．turn out D．hand out53．A．refused B．insisted C．explained D．promised54．A．starting B．filling C．sharing D．buying55．A．drafts B．plans C．expressions D．copies56．A．animals B．hands C．heads D．figures57．A．fearing B．ignoring C．criticizing D．praising58．A．adaptable B．unacceptable C．awkward D．enjoyable59．A．capture B．release C．interpret D．avoid60．A．way B．hobby C．game D．skill【答案】46．B 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．C 56．B 57．A 58．D 59．A 60．D【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲的是作者通过自己的绘画经历明白了素描这种画画方式不仅让作者能够捕捉瞬间，并且通过情感进行工作，使得绘画行为不仅仅是一种需要掌握的技能，而且是一种个人表达和治疗的形式。46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重复是至关重要的，但它不应该扼杀学习的乐趣。A. teaching教学，教训；B. learning学习；C. reading阅读；D. writing写字。根据上文“Learning to draw is challenging, and finding effective practice methods can be even harder. Repetition is crucial, but it shouldn’t kill the joy of”可知，此处指的是重复作为练习的重要方法不应该扼杀掉学习的乐趣。故选B项。47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我自学了很多书籍和课程，在无数页上画满了方框、平行线和数字，但收效甚微。A. little微不足道的；B. rapid迅速的；C. steady平稳的；D. significant重要的。根据后文“despite having tried lots of books and courses and filled endless pages with boxes, parallel ___3___ and figures.”可知，虽然多年来我练习了很多，但几乎没有进步，介词despite(尽管)表示前后内容相反。故选A项。48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我自学了很多书籍和课程，在无数张纸上画满了方框、平行线和数字，但收效甚微。A. waves波浪；B. edges边缘；C. lines线；D. dots点。根据空前的“filled endless pages with boxes, parallel”以及空后的“and figures.”可知，此处指的是画画时所画的平行线，parallel lines (平行线)。故选C项。49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我今年开始记速写的时候，我突然明白了。A. clicked突然明白；B. worsened恶化；C. developed发展；D. remained逗留。根据后文“The sketchbooks led to a shift in mindset. Rather than trying to practice as before, I was engaging in scribbling (乱涂乱画). I started carrying sketchbooks ___5___ , capturing scenes and moments.”可知，此处指的是速写本让我明白了我不应该再像以往那样进行大量的重复性练习，click (突然明白；恍然大悟)。故选A项。50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始随身携带速写本，捕捉场景和瞬间。A. nowhere无处；B. everywhere到处；C. anywhere在任何地方D. somewhere在某个地方。根据空前“I started carrying sketchbooks”以及空后“capturing scenes and moments”可知，此处指的是作者无论到哪里去都随身带着速写本来捕捉场景和瞬间。故选B项。51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些书成为我人生经历的重要组成部分，也是我克服困难的一种方式，尤其是在我妻子生病住院的困难时期。A. dull无聊的；B. easy容易的；C. ordinary普通的；D. difficult困难的。根据空后“times when my wife had a health scare and was in the hospital.”可知，作者的妻子生病住院了，所以可以推测妻子住院这段时间对于作者来说肯定是艰难的。故选D项。52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和速写爱好者Danny Gregory聊了聊，试图弄清楚为什么我对自己的新爱好如此着迷。A. figure out弄明白；B. sort out理解后找到（某物的原因或解决办法）；C. turn out证明是；D. hand out分发。根据空后“why I had become so taken by my new passion.”可知，此处指的是作者想要弄清楚自己为什么会对自己的新爱好如此着迷，figure out (搞清楚；弄明白)，固定搭配。故选A项。53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，传统的绘画实践给人一种学术性和缺乏表现力的感觉。A. refused拒绝；B. insisted坚持；C. explained解释；D. promised承诺。概括空后“that traditional drawing practice feels academic and unexpressive.”可知，Danny Gregory在向我解释原因。故选C项。54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，他提倡富有表现力的、重复的、专注的练习，比如在速写本上画一个早晨的茶杯。A. starting开始；B. filling充满；C. sharing分享；D. buying购买。根据空后“a sketchbook with drawings of a morning tea cup.”可知，此处指的是在素描本上画满茶杯，fill…with… (使充满；使填满)。故选B项。55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：受到启发，我完成了两本画满肖像的速写本，不是作为未来工作的研究，而是作为个人的表达。A. drafts草稿；B. plans计划；C. expressions表达；D. copies副本。根据后文“to master but a form of personal expression and therapy.”可知，作者将他的素描本当成了一种个人表达的方式。故选C项。56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在的速写本解决了我最大的挑战——画手。A. animals动物；B. hands手；C. heads头；D. figures数字。根据后文“Now I’m not ______ it as I did before because drawing a bunch of hands isn’t just practice anymore.”可知，画手曾经是我最大的挑战。故选B项。57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我不像以前那样害怕了，因为画一堆手不再只是练习了。A. fearing害怕；B. ignoring忽视；C. criticizing批评；D. praising表扬。根据后文“My current sketchbook tackles my biggest challenge—drawing ______ .”可知，我曾经害怕画手。故选A项。58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：速写已成为我生活中令人愉快的一部分。A. adaptable能适应的；B. unacceptable不能接受的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. enjoyable令人愉快的。根据上文“These books became an essential part of my experiences”以及空后“part of my life.”以及后文“It has allowed me to ____ moments and work through emotions, making the act of drawing not just a ______ to master but a form of personal expression and therapy.”可知，速写已经成为了我生活中令人愉快的一部分。故选D项。59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让我能够捕捉瞬间，并通过情感进行工作，使绘画行为不仅仅是一种需要掌握的技能，而且是一种个人表达和治疗的形式。A. capture拍摄；B. release释放；C. interpret解释；D. avoid避免。根据上文“capturing scenes and moments.”可知，素描能够让我捕捉瞬间。故选A项。60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我能够捕捉瞬间，并通过情感进行工作，使绘画行为不仅仅是一种需要掌握的技能，而且是一种个人表达和治疗的形式。A. way方式；B. hobby业余爱好；C. game游戏；D. skill技巧。根据空后“to master”可知，此处指的是素描是一种需要掌握的技能。故选D项。