重难点06 完形填空之夹叙夹议文（热点话题）-2022年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用）

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重难点06 完形填空之夹叙夹议
【命题趋势】
夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空中最有难度的，也是最热点的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。文章常常在平淡的叙述中蕴含着深刻的人生哲理。此类选材倾向于注重短文本身的教育意义。作者首先叙述一件事，在叙述过程中或结束后发表自己的看法或由此事引出一个深刻的社会问题。解题时，应借助上下文乃至全文的语境揣摩作者的心境，及其对各个角色、各个事件的态度。
【满分技巧】
一、关注首句，领会大意
通过首句可以明确文章话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。尾句往往是作者的点睛之笔，通过尾句一般可以更加真实、确切地体会到作者的写作意图、对待事件的真实态度等核心内容。
二、注重语境，理清行文逻辑
夹叙夹议文以叙述为主，绝大部分篇幅是在描述事件，而作者的观点及态度往往隐含在叙述中，这就要求考生增强语篇意识，抓住文章的叙事线索，弄清文章的内在逻辑关系，根据上下文内容做出选择，并适当进行逻辑推理是解题的关键。
三、找准标志词，弄清故事发展模式
夹叙夹议文通常使用对比、强调、让步、举例、结论、顺序和对照等手段。考生应注意观察文章的结构特点，根据表达这些手段的衔接词来正确理解故事情节。
常见标志词有：(1)并列关系：and，not only...but also，that is to say等；(2)因果关系：because，for，so that，in order that，due to，thanks to，thus，therefore，so等；(3)对比关系：while，whereas，as，rather than，instead of等；(4)转折关系：although，though，even if，nevertheless，despite，but，yet，however，on the contrary等；(5)递进关系：also，then，besides，in addition，furthermore，what’s more等；(6)顺序关系：first，then，on the one hand等；(7)转变话题：by the way，what I really mean...等。
【热点话题】
完形填空之夹叙夹议文热衷于学生日常生活中的故事。
【限时检测】（建议用时：每篇16分钟）
A
（2021·天津·高考真题）
话题：作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得成功。
难度：★★
建议用时：16分
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely 1 . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother 2 meditation (冥想),while I was a born 3 who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't 4 .
I didn't 5 having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. 6 , I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be 7 for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough 8 my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n） 9 between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I 10 to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and 11 practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother 12 quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to 13 him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song 14 ,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new 15 . I kept trying at the song, no longer getting 16 at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to 17 power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything 18 the first time and that good things come with continual 19 .I now understand why my brother favours the 20 .
1．A．mature B．different C．content D．normal
2．A．disliked B．preferred C．replaced D．abandoned
3．A．writer B．leader C．painter D．performer
4．A．get along B．drop by C．show off D．check in
5．A．try B．mind C．enjoy D．delay
6．A．In particular B．In vain C．In return D．In theory
7．A．humorous B．ordinary C．competitive D．grateful
8．A．above B．below C．near D．without
9．A．issue B．contrast C．agreement D．balance
10．A．struggled B．expected C．promised D．decided
11．A．began B．allowed C．stopped D．continued
12．A．hated B．experienced C．accepted D．wanted
13．A．help B．invite C．join D．admire
14．A．gracefully B．suddenly C．fiercely D．cautiously
15．A．limit B．sentence C．mistake D．philosophy
16．A．rude B．angry C．surprised D．excited
17．A．lose B．share C．reduce D．maintain
18．A．wrong B．right C．back D．down
19．A．luck B．absence C．effort D．fear
20．A．fight B．noise C．quiet D．safety

【答案】
1-5 BBDAB 6-10 ACDAA
11-15 CBCAD 16-20 BDBCC
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical,”哥哥喜欢冥想而作者喜欢表演，前后对比可知二者性格不同。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。A. disliked不喜欢；B. preferred更喜欢；C. replaced取代；D. abandoned抛弃，放弃。根据句中对比的内容“while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical”和preferred呼应，可知哥哥更喜欢冥想。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。根据“the theatrical ,even when off stage.”和下文的“in time for the trial performance”可知作者喜欢表演。故选D。
4．考查动词短语辨析。A. get along相处，进展；B. drop by顺便拜访；C. show off炫耀；D. check in登记，报到。根据上句“I took his relative silence to be offensive.”及下文“a tense relationship with my brother”作者和哥哥性格和爱好不同，作者甚至认为哥哥相对沉默是一种冒犯，可知两人相处地不好，关系紧张。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。根据句中“because I was involved at school.”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知在学校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的关系。故选B。
6．考查介词短语辨析。A. In particular尤其，特别；B. In vain徒劳；C. In return作为回报；D. In theory理论上。根据上文“preferred the theatrical”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知作者非常喜欢音乐。故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析A. humorous幽默的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. competitive竞争的；D. grateful感激的。根据“I practised singing in the bedroom every day” 作者每天练习，可知竞争很激烈。故选C。
8．考查介词词义辨析。句意：就算没有我吵闹的歌声，他也会觉得高中已经够难的了。A. above超过，在……之上；B. below在……下面；C. near在……附近；D. without没有。哥哥经常冥想，作者认为即使没有自己吵闹的歌声，哥哥也会觉得高中很难。故选D。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以练习的空间成了我们之间的问题，因为我们共用一个房间。A. issue问题，发行；B. contrast对比，差异；C. agreement同意，一致；D. balance平衡。根据上文“a tense relationship with my brother”和句中“we shared a room.”可知练习唱歌的空间是作者和哥哥之间的问题。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。根据“my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice”可知作者学歌很费劲。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“my brother ____12____ quiet when I got home.”家里安静了，可知作者停止了练习唱歌。故选C。
12．考查动词词义辨析。因为作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥体验到了家里的安静。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样过了两天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A. help帮助；B. invite邀请；C. join参加；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“I accepted”可知哥哥让作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故选C。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无法优美地驾驭这首歌很生气，于是就接受了。A. gracefully优美地，优雅地；B. suddenly突然；C. fiercely猛烈地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据下文“I was able to ____17____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice.”可知作者想优美地驾驭这首歌。故选A。
15．考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything ____18____ the first time and that good things come with continual ____19____.”可知作者把哥哥的话作为自己的哲学。故选D。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。与上文“I was annoyed in that period和my anger at my inability”呼应，可知作者开始因为自己唱不好生气，现在想明白了，不生气了。故选B。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在试演的时候，尽管换了头音，我还是能保持唱歌的能力。A. lose丢失；B. share分享；C. reduce减少；D. maintain保持。根据句中“was able to”和下文“good things come with”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故选D。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。A. wrong错误的；B. right正确的；C. back后面的；D. down情绪低落的。根据作者的经历和常识可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故选B。
19．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”和“I kept trying at the song”可知只有不断努力才能成功。故选C。
20．考查名词词义辨析。A. fight斗争，打架；B. noise噪音；C. quiet安静，和平；D. safety安全。根据上文“my older brother ____2____ meditation”“my brother would meditate on a window seat.”可知哥哥喜欢冥想，喜欢安静。故选C。
B
（2021·广西南宁·模拟预测）
话题：叙述了作者于新冠肺炎的流行隔离期，学习诸如烹调等新的生活技巧。本文主要是作者探索了新的嗜好即玩拼图的情况。拼图锻炼了作者的忍耐性和耐心，同时也需要智慧和技巧。
难度：★★
建议用时：15分
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I first heard about several cases of coronavirus in January, 2020. But I did not 21 the outbreak to have such a sudden and powerful effect on the rest of the world. In March, towards the end of winter quarter, it was 22 that we would take all the finals online. It was unexpected, and all university teachers and students were 23 .
Due to the coronavirus pandemic, our University of California at San Diego（UCSD） student-run free dental clinics are closed 24 , and most research laboratories are only open for 25 personnel. Thus, I have had a lot more spare time than before, 26 most of the events have been switched to be held online. To 27 time, I learned to follow 28 to make different dishes. The period of quarantine（隔离） has become a time when I can learn some new life 29 .
Besides cooking, I have been 30 a new hobby—playing puzzles. At first, solving a puzzle was just a way for me to 31 endurance（忍耐性） and patience. Then I realized that I learned much more than that. When I 32 1,000 pieces of a puzzle on the table, I 33 not buying a simpler one. I suddenly realized how impatient I was that I couldn’t even focus on such a simpler task.
Electronic devices have been training me to constantly stare at a blinking（闪烁）screen and 34 what I was doing. I decided to solve a puzzle while 35 devices for several hours, and enjoy one simple task like a little child.
When I started to look for different pieces to see if they could fit in a larger 36 , I started to look for shortcuts. I tried to collect puzzles with similar patterns or colors and 37 their edges.
During this time, I slowly forgot all the madness and 38 of quarantine life. Every time I got one piece in the right place, I was 39 awarded by such a small success and motivated to keep on trying. It was surprising and unexpected for me to receive so much 40 from focusing on solving puzzles.
21．A．encourage B．expect C．require D．remind
22．A．announced B．promised C．hoped D．discovered
23．A．unhappy B．unfortunate C．uninterested D．unprepared
24．A．occasionally B．formally C．temporarily D．gradually
25．A．devoted B．eager C．excellent D．limited
26．A．unless B．before C．since D．though
27．A．treasure B．kill C．waste D．save
28．A．schedules B．orders C．targets D．recipes
29．A．secrets B．tracks C．skills D．lessons
30．A．exploring B．spreading C．reviewing D．doubting
31．A．support B．practise C．recommend D．appreciate
32．A．broke up B．handed in C．poured out D．put away
33．A．imagined B．permitted C．advised D．regretted
34．A．forget B．guess C．remember D．emphasize
35．A．putting up with B．staying away from C．watching out for D．taking control of
36．A．basket B．poster C．picture D．board
37．A．touch B．remove C．draw D．compare
38．A．danger B．boredom C．excitement D．amazement
39．A．mentally B．physically C．strangely D．passively
40．A．trouble B．joyfulness C．responsibility D．praise

【答案】
21-25 BADCD 26-30 CBDCA
31-35 BCDAB 36-40 CDBAB
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文叙述了作者由于处于新冠肺炎的流行隔离期，她学习了一些诸如烹调等新的生活技巧。本文主要是作者探索了新的嗜好即玩拼图的情况。拼图锻炼了作者的忍耐性和耐心，同时也需要智慧和技巧。
21．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“the outbreak to have such a sudden and powerful effect on the rest of the world”可知，作者没有预料（expect）这流行病的爆发会对世界上其他地方产生如此突然而又巨大的影响。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“that we would take all the finals online”可知指宣布（announced）我们将在网上进行期末考试。故选A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。结合上文“It was unexpected”这一举措出乎意料，因为所有大学教职工和学生都没有做好准备（unprepared）。故选D。
24．考查副词词义辨析。A. occasionally偶尔；B. formally正式地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“Due to the coronavirus pandemic”可知，因为疫情，由学生经营的免费的牙科诊所暂时（temporarily）关闭了。故选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。A. devoted投入的；B. eager热切地；C. excellent卓越的；D. limited有限的。结合常识可知由于疫情，大多数研究实验室也仅仅对有限的（limited）人员开放。故选D。
26．考查连词词义辨析。A. unless除非；B. before在……之前；C. since自从，因为；D. though虽然。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用since。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“time”可知指为了消磨（kill）时光，作者跟着菜谱学习制作不同的菜肴。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。结合后文“to make different dishes”可知作者为了消磨时光，跟着菜谱（recipes）学习制作不同的菜肴。故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：隔离期已经成为我可以学习一些新的生活技能的时间。A. secrets秘密；B. tracks轨道；C. skills技能；D. lessons课程。根据上文提到作者学习做菜可知，隔离期间已经变成了作者学习一些新的生活技能（skills）的时间。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了烹饪，我一直在探索一个新的爱好——玩谜题。A. exploring探索；B. spreading传播；C. reviewing回顾；D. doubting怀疑。结合后文“a new hobby—playing puzzles”指探索了（exploring）一项新的嗜好——玩拼图游戏。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“endurance and patience”可知作者完成拼图仅仅是练习（practise）忍耐性和耐心的一种方式。故选B。
32．考查动词短语辨析。A. broke up打破；B. handed in递上；C. poured out诉说，倾倒；D. put away放好。根据后文“1,000 pieces of a puzzle on the table”指把拼图倒在桌子上。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“not buying a simpler one”可知作者后悔（regretted）没有买比较简单的一个，1000个零件太多了。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。结合后文“enjoy one simple task like a little child.”可知，长时间看着电子设备，让作者忘记（forget）在做的事情。故选A。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定在远离电子设备几个小时的时间里解决一个难题，并像小孩子一样享受一项简单的任务。A. putting up with忍受；B. staying away from远离；C. watching out for注意；D. taking control of控制。根据后文“devices for several hours, and enjoy one simple task like a little child”可知作者决定避开（staying away from）电子设备几个小时去拼图。故选B。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结合常识和上文“When I started to look for different pieces to see if they could fit in a larger”可知作者开始看着不同的拼图块看是否能把它们拼在一个大的图片（picture）里。故选C。
37．考查动词词义辨析。结合常识和上文“I tried to collect puzzles with similar patterns or colors and”可知作者尝试着收集有相似图案或者颜色的拼图并比较（compare）它们的边缘。故选D。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这段时间里，我慢慢忘记了所有隔离生活的疯狂和无聊。A. danger危险；B. boredom无聊，厌倦；C. excitement激动；D. amazement惊异。结合上文“I slowly forgot all the madness and”指慢慢忘记所有隔离生活的疯狂和无聊。故选B。
39．考查副词词义辨析。根据后文“awarded by such a small success and motivated to keep on trying”可知每次把一块放在正确的位置，作者在精神上（mentally）被这小的成功所奖励。故选A。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，从专注于解决谜题中获得如此多的乐趣是令人惊讶和意外的。A. trouble麻烦；B. joyfulness快乐；C. responsibility责任；D. praise赞美。结合上文可知，全神贯注拼图让作者得到那么多快乐（joyfulness）是令人惊讶和意想不到的。故选B。
C
（2021·浙江·高考真题）
话题：文章讲述了作者去年去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者时，虽然期间经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
难度：★★
建议用时：15分
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 41 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA．Three months later I 42 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 43 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 44 , my worries had gone. Everyone was so 45 and like-minded that it was very 46 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 47 . We had to 48 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 49 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 50 a stairway out of rock. This 51 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never 52 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 53 of knowing that my 54 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 55 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 56 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 57 part of my tent.
58 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 59 . I think I am much 60 for having taken part in the project.
41．A．calculate B．negotiate C．advertise D．research
42．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found
43．A．annoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited
44．A．arriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking
45．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
46．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
47．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course
48．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy
49．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick
50．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard
51．A．helped B．ended C．allowed D．meant
52．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
53．A．satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
54．A．work B．memory C．record D．story
55．A．left B．caught C．attacked D．separated
56．A．boiling B．average C．normal D．freezing
57．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft
58．A．By the way B．Regardless of that C．Needless to say D．In either case
59．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered
60．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier
【答案】
41-45 DDCAB 46-50 DBCCA
51-55 DCAAB 56-60 DBCAB
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
41．考查动词词义辨析。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。根据前文的“I began to__on the Internet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“My job was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
56．考查形容词短语辨析。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
58．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
59．考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
60．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
D
（2021·贵州贵阳·模拟预测）
话题：作者通过自己的行动告诉大家，只要我们用心去发现，任何垃圾都有被循环利用的价值，这样我们的世界也会变得更加美好。
难度：★★
建议用时：15分
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I looked out of the door of my 100 year-old house and saw my newly built garden. I realized nothing is rubbish. I was full of 61 and appreciation.
I 62 to look at the things that we usually think of as 63 —plastic bags, polluted water, rubber bands, and newspapers, clothes and furniture we 64 . I also began to think, act and live according to a belief that all things have the 65 of being reused as long as we try to 66 it. And I explored the worth of 67 . I mean recycling isn't just about 68 rubbish like putting glass and paper in 69 bins. It also requires creativity, commitment and even love.
My neighbors would put the autumn 70 by the roadside to be picked up by the garbage truck. This didn't 71 with my newfound concept of recycling trash, so I made a new 72 with moving boxes and put up a 73 saying, ''Dump（倾倒）leaves here". I watched carefully through the autumn as my neighbors 74 the leaves in the new garden and I also watered the leaves 75 with rainwater and collected dogs' waste as fertilizer, Then I 76 flower seeds. Finally, I had a new 77 garden, full of colorful flowers.
Nothing has to be really 78 . If you try hard enough, everything can be recycled. I even used my bath water to water my garden, though it might be a little 79 for my friends. But I think if we all can turn waste, sometimes a little dirty, into 80 , the world will be a much better place.
61．A．joy B．sympathy C．doubt D．regret
62．A．refused B．hesitated C．liked D．started
63．A．wealth B．garbage C．investments D．necessities
64．A．packed up B．brought up C．threw away D．gave away
65．A．value B．request C．confusion D．consequence
66．A．own B．find C．forget D．lose
67．A．collecting B．recovering C．recycling D．competing
68．A．sorting B．picking C．spotting D．recording
69．A．uniform B．broken C．limitless D．separate
70．A．fruit B．rice C．leaves D．vegetables
71．A．compare B．deal C．communicate D．fit
72．A．platform B．garden C．picture D．schedule
73．A．building B．tent C．sign D．show
74．A．piled B．polished C．decorated D．cleaned
75．A．unwillingly B．hardly C．seriously D．casually
76．A．submitted B．sowed C．removed D．reserved
77．A．smelly B．annoying C．imaginary D．attractive
78．A．useless B．careless C．priceless D．defenseless
79．A．pleasant B．vivid C．violent D．disgusting
80．A．trouble B．treasure C．terror D．trade
【答案】
61-65 ADBCA 66-70 BCADC
71-75 DBCAC 76-80 BDADB
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过自己的行动告诉大家，只要我们用心去发现，任何垃圾都有被循环利用的价值，这样我们的世界也会变得更加美好。
61．考查名词词义辨析。A. joy快乐；B. sympathy怜悯；C. doubt怀疑；D. regret遗憾。根据上文“I realized nothing is rubbish.”可知，当他意识到什么都不是垃圾的时候，作者是感到快乐的。故选A。
62．考查动词词义辨析。A. refused拒绝；B. hesitated犹豫；C. liked喜欢；D. started开始。根据下文“I also began to…”可知，作者开始做这些事情。故选D。
63．考查名词词义辨析。A. wealth财富；B. garbage垃圾；C. investments投资；D. necessities必要性。根据下文“plastic bags, polluted water, rubber bands, and newspapers, clothes and furniture we______”可知，作者在这里指的是垃圾。故选B。
64．考查动词短语辨析。A. packed up打包；B. brought up抚养；C. threw away扔掉；D. gave away赠送。根据上文“we usually think of as_______”可知，这些被认为是垃圾的东西都应该是被扔掉的东西。故选C。
65．考查名词词义辨析。A. value价值；B. request请求；C. confusion困惑；D. consequence结果。根据下文“And I explored the worth of_______.”可知，所有的东西都有被重新利用的价值。故选A。
66．考查动词词义辨析。A. own拥有；B. find找到；C. forget忘记；D. lose失去。根据这句话的意思可知，任何事物的价值都需要我们去发现。故选B。
67．考查动词词义辨析。A. collecting收集；B. recovering康复；C. recycling循环；D. competing竞争。根据下文“I mean recycling isn't just about_______rubbish like putting glass and paper in_______bins. It also requires creativity, commitment and even love.”可知，这是指循环利用。故选C。
68．考查动词词义辨析。A. sorting分类；B. picking挑拣；C. spotting发现；D. recording记录。根据下文“like putting glass and paper in_______bins”可知，这是把垃圾分类。故选A。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. uniform统一的；B. broken破坏的；C. limitless无限的；D. separate分开的。根据上文“________rubbish”可知，这是要垃圾分类，所以要把不同类的垃圾分开放在不同的桶里。故选D。
70．考查名词词汇辨析。A. fruit水果；B. rice大米；C. leaves叶子；D. vegetables蔬菜。根据空格前的信息“the autumn”可知，这句话是说秋天的树叶。故选C。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不符合我对循环利用垃圾的新概念，所以，我做了一个新的带有移动箱子的花园，并且搭建了一个牌子，上面写着“请把叶子倒进这里”。A. compare比较；B. deal解决；C. communicate交流；D. fit适合。根据下文“so I made a new_______with moving boxes and put up a________saying, ''Dump（倾倒）leaves here".”可知，作者不赞同他邻居的做法，所以他邻居的做法不符合他的新概念。故选D。
72．考查名词词义辨析。A. platform平台；B. garden花园；C. picture照片，图画；D. schedule行程，安排。根据下文“as my neighbors_______the leaves in the new garden”可知，作者新开辟了一片花园。故选B。
73．考查名词词义辨析。A. building建筑；B. tent帐篷；C. sign牌；D. show展示。根据下文“saying, ''Dump（倾倒）leaves here"”可知，作者搭建了一个牌子在箱子旁边。故选C。
74．考查动词词义辨析。A. piled堆积；B. polished打磨；C. decorated装饰；D. cleaned打扫。根据上文“'Dump（倾倒）leaves here”可知，作者让他的邻居们把落叶堆到他的新花园里。故选A。
75．考查副词词义辨析。A. unwillingly不愿意地；B. hardly几乎不；C. seriously认真地，严肃地；D. casually随意地。根据上文“I watched carefully…”和“I also …”可知，作者在认真地做这些事情。故选C。
76．考查动词词义辨析。A. submitted提交；B. sowed种；C. removed移除；D. reserved保存。根据下文“Finally, I had a new ____garden, full of colorful flowers.”可知，作者在新花园里种花了。故选B。
77．考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“full of colorful flowers.”可知，这个开满了各种颜色的花的花园是很有吸引力的。故选D。
78．考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“If you try hard enough, everything can be recycled.”可知，作者想说任何东西都是有用的。故选A。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。A. pleasant令人高兴的；B. vivid生动的；C. violent暴力的；D. disgusting令人恶心的。根据上文“I even used my bath water to water my garden”可知，作者用洗澡水浇花有点令人恶心。故选D。
80．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文作者的行为可知，作者是在变废为宝。故选B。
E
（2020·吉林长春·一模）
话题：文中作者通过在花园里劳作，学会了如何利用土地，同时领悟到生活就像花园一样，有成功也有失败，并从头到尾欣然接受生命。
难度：★★
建议用时：15分
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As I work in the garden, I take my time. And the garden is 81 me about working with the earth. I recognize that there will be both successes and failures and there are many factors that 82 them both. The 83 of the seeds can affect the growth of the plants. The 84 can be too hot, too cold, or 85 right. Weeds need to be 86 and thrown away to 87 that the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have planted grow well.
I take time to stand back and rest, and to 88 the plants. Each plant is 89 and develops in the way that is best for them. Some have large broad leaves to 90 their fruit from the rays of the sun, while other plants are more 91 , their fruit needing the 92 to grow and ripen.
Getting my hands 93 and feeling the sweat on my forehead, as I work under the summer sun, reminds me I am 94 in the ways I wouldn't have remembered sitting on the couch.
I feel attracted to move things around to transplant and to 95 the natural order of how plants grow. The garden teaches me the importance of knowing when to disturb things and when to let them be. The garden's life cycle 96 a pattern that is repeated according to the 97 of nature. Birth, growth, and then death and it teaches me to accept this fact.
Perhaps life is like the 98 , successes and failures, time to be active and time to 99 to let go of what is no longer needed, to cultivate what helps us to grow into our light and power, and to readily 100 life from beginning to end.
81．A．telling B．concerning C．worrying D．teaching
82．A．destroy B．affect C．promote D．exchange
83．A．quality B．color C．shape D．weight
84．A．water B．air C．weather D．wind
85．A．approximately B．constantly C．exactly D．occasionally
86．A．pulled B．planted C．guarded D．provided
87．A．make sense B．find out C．work out D．make sure
88．A．tend B．observe C．count D．examine
89．A．beautiful B．average C．amazing D．unique
90．A．prevent B．separate C．shade D．remove
91．A．open B．delicate C．straight D．vivid
92．A．energy B．light C．soil D．space
93．A．empty B．dirty C．broken D．free
94．A．awake B．tired C．alive D．independent
95．A．disturb B．find C．enjoy D．guide
96．A．discovers B．transforms C．draws D．follows
97．A．changes B．reflection C．laws D．development
98．A．plant B．sun C．fruit D．garden
99．A．rest B．quit C．offer D．fight
100．A．expect B．accept C．picture D．receive
【答案】
81-85 DBACC 86-90 ADBDC
91-95 ABBCA 96-100 DCDAB
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者通过在花园里劳作，学会了如何利用土地，遵循自然的法则，同时领悟到生活就像花园一样，有成功也有失败，有时间活跃也有时间休息，以放下不再需要的东西，培养有助于我们成长为光和力量的东西，并从头到尾欣然接受生命。
81．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“me about working with the earth”可知指花园教会作者如何利用土地，应用teach。故选D。
82．考查动词词义辨析。A. destroy破坏；B. affect影响；C. promote改善；D. exchange交换。呼应后文“of the seeds can affect the growth of the plants”指花园被很多因素影响着。故选B。
83．考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“of the seeds can affect the growth of the plants”以及常识，可知种子的质量会影响植物的生长。故选A。
84．考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“can be too hot, too cold”可知是在描述天气情况。故选C。
85．考查副词词义辨析。句意：天气可能太热，太冷，或者正好合适。A. approximately大约；B. constantly总是；C. exactly恰好地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据后文“right”可知指天气恰好合适，应用exactly。故选C。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：杂草需要拔除和扔掉，以确保我们种植的水果、蔬菜和鲜花生长良好。A. pulled拉；B. planted种植；C. guarded守卫；D. provided提供。根据后文“and thrown away”指拔除杂草，应用pull。故选A。
87．考查动词短语辨析。A. make sense有意义；B. find out查明；C. work out解决；D. make sure确保。根据后文“that the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have planted grow well”可知拔除杂草是为了确保我们种植的水果、蔬菜和鲜花生长良好。故选D。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花时间站在后面休息，观察植物。A. tend照料；B. observe观察；C. count计数；D. examine检查。根据上文“I take time to stand back and rest, and to”可知作者花时间观察植物，故选B。
89．考查形容词词义辨析。A. beautiful美丽的；B. average平均的；C. amazing令人惊讶的；D. unique独特的。根据后文“and develops in the way that is best for them”可知植物以最适合它们的方式生长，所以是独一无二的。故选D。
90．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“their fruit from the rays of the sun”可知，此处指给果实遮阴，不受阳光的照射，故选C。
91．考查形容词词义辨析。上文提到一些植物需要遮阴，那么一些植物则需要阳光，所以需要开放的空间。故选A。
92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些植物有宽大的叶子来遮挡它们的果实不受阳光的照射，而另一些植物则更加开放，它们的果实需要阳光来生长和成熟。A. energy能量；B. light灯光，光线；C. soil土壤；D. space空间。根据后文“to grow and ripen”以及常识，可知果实需要光线来生长和成熟。故选B。
93．考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“and feeling the sweat on my forehead”以及作者在花园里工作，所以会弄脏双手。故选B。
94．考查形容词词义辨析。A. awake醒着的；B. tired疲惫的；C. alive活着的；D. independent独立的。根据上文“as I work under the summer sun, reminds me I am”可知在花园里劳作，让作者感觉自己是活着的，故选C。
95．考查动词词义辨析。呼应后文“when to disturb things and when to let them be”指扰乱植物生长的自然秩序。故选A。
96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：花园的生命周期遵循一种模式，这种模式是根据自然法则重复的。A. discovers发现；B. transforms变换；C. draws绘画；D. follows遵循，跟随。根据后文“a pattern”指遵循一种模式，应用follow。故选D。
97．考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“of nature”可知指自然法则，应用laws。故选C。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许生活就像花园一样，有成功也有失败，有时间活跃也有时间休息，以放下不再需要的东西，培养有助于我们成长为光和力量的东西，并从头到尾欣然接受生命。A. plant植物；B. sun太阳；C. fruit水果；D. garden花园。呼应上文中“As I work in the garden”提到的花园，指生活就像花园。故选D。
99．考查动词词义辨析。A. rest休息；B. quit停止；C. offer提供；D. fight战斗。根据上文“time to be active and time to”可知指有时间休息，故选A。
100．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“life from beginning to end”指接受生活，应用accept。故选B。