【学业水平测试】专题17 阅读理解（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-2025年高中英语学业水平合格性考试总复习（全国通用）.zip

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1. 熟练语篇类型和语篇结构
2. 明确命题规律和提问方式
3. 掌握不同题型的解题方法
（一）整体理解
题型多样且关联紧密：阅读理解包含细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题等多种题型，它们从不同角度考查考生对语篇的理解能力，且各题型之间存在一定关联，比如准确理解细节有助于把握文章主旨，而主旨大意又能为推理判断等提供方向。
能力综合要求高：不仅需要考生具备词汇、语法等基础知识，还要求能运用各种阅读技巧，如略读、寻读，准确把握语篇结构、命题规律，根据不同题型特点灵活运用相应解题方法，同时要善于进行语义转换和逻辑推理。
（二）重点关注方向
信息精准定位与比对：对于细节理解题，无论是直接信息题还是间接信息题，关键在于能依据题干准确提取关键词，快速在文中定位相关信息，并仔细比对选项与原文细节，注意同义替换、信息归纳等正确选项特征以及张冠李戴、无中生有等干扰选项特征。
推理判断依据：推理判断题要严格依据阅读材料所提供信息进行推断，关注作者的用词、语气以及文章的主旨，区分不同类型的推理判断题（如细节推理、观点态度推理、写作意图推理），明确各类型的解题要点和常见命题方式。
词义猜测技巧运用：掌握多种词义猜测技巧，如根据定义或上下文解释、同位关系、构词法、因果关系、指代关系、同义或近义关系、转折或对比关系等进行合理推测，同时要结合文章语境准确判断词义。
主旨大意提炼：针对主旨大意题的不同类型（标题归纳题、文章大意题、段落大意题），要理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的方法，学会通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等小窍门）或归纳段落逻辑结构等方式来提炼文章及段落的主旨大意。
（一）细节理解题
题型特点：
设问方式多样：包括特殊疑问句形式（以 when, where, what 等疑问词引出）、判断是非形式（含 TRUE/FALSE 等）、以 “Accrding t...” 开头的提问形式以及填空形式。
正确选项特征：
同义替换（关键词、词性、语态等变换）、信息归纳、正话反说、原文原词。
干扰选项特征：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非、正误参半。
解题方法：
直接信息题：采用 “关键词定位法”，先从题干中提取名词、动词、数词等关键词，然后运用略读及寻读技巧在文中定位相关信息，最后比对选项与原文细节确定答案。
1. 依据题干信息，择定位关键词
细节理解直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查,且题目相对简单,所以,不必通篇细读全文,可先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词,即问题的核心信息
2. 依据关键词,回原文定位信息进行比对
确定了定位关键词后,运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题于有关的关键词,回到原文进行信息定位,然后将选项内容与原文信息比对,得出正确答案。
间接信息题：命题隐蔽性强，需将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义转换、加工或整理，再比对选项确定答案。
相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。此类题目需要考生将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。
概括、归纳信息题：依据题干找到文中相应信息区间，用自己的语言归纳总结文中信息，然后挑选与归纳内容最接近的选项作为答案。
是指命题人用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，这是命题人设计细节理解题的正确选项时经常使用的手段之一。考生首先应依据题干指向，找到文中相应的信息区间，然后尝试用自己的语言去归纳总结文中的信息或事实，然后再看选项，挑选出和自己所归纳总结的信息最接近的选项作为正确答案。
（二）推理判断题
题型分类及特点：
细节推理判断题：要求根据语篇内容推断具体细节，常借助短文提供信息或生活常识进行推理，注意题干中常用的如 infer、indicate 等动词。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
It can be inferred frm the text that ________.
Cmpared with ther similar prducts, the new design ________.
It can be cncluded frm the passage that ________.
The writer/authr indicates/suggests/implies that ________.
观点、态度推理判断题：
文章的观点或结论推理判断题：推测文中某一观点需把握全文中心思想，因为次要观点支撑主要论点。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
·What is the authr’s pinin n
·What des the authr think abut
·Frm the passage we can cnclude that ________.
作者态度、语气推理判断题：通过作者措词、感情色彩判断，常见褒义词、贬义词、中性词等表述。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
·The attitude f the authr twards smebdy/smething is ________.
·The authr’s attitude twards be best described as ________.
·The tne f this passage is best described as ________.
写作意图推理判断题：揣测作者写作意图及运用写作手法的目的，要求考生理解文章大意并能归纳总结、分析作者阐述问题的方法。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
The main purpse f this text is ________.
What’s the authr’s purpse in writing this article?
It can be cncluded that the passage is mainly written fr ________.
The authr writes this passage t ________.
The authr in this passage intends t ________.
解题要点：严格按阅读材料信息推断，避免掺杂个人经验等；注意选项是否为材料简单重复而非推断结论；关注文中虚拟语气和情态动词；客观对待作者叙述事实，避免主观推断；甄别细节是否与原文相符。
（三）词义猜测题
考查内容：对单词、短语或句子意义的推断，包括生词、熟词新义以及替代词所替代内容的判断，需根据短文语境推测。
猜词技巧：
根据定义或上下文解释猜测：利用逗号、破折号、括号等后的解释判断词义。
根据同位关系猜测：通过紧跟难词后的同位语解释来猜测词义。
根据构词法猜测：依据前缀、后缀、派生等构词知识推测词义。
根据因果关系猜测：根据原因预测结果或由结果找出原因来确定词义。
根据上下文的指代关系猜测：明确文章中代词指代的人或物，有时需总结前文内容得出指代对象。
根据同义或近义关系猜测：利用同句、同段或同篇文章中意思相同或相近的词来猜测词义。
根据转折或对比关系猜测：依据上下句连接词（如 but、hwever 等）判断逻辑关系，从而确定词义。
（四）主旨大意题
题型分类及设问方式：
标题归纳题：常见设问如 “The best title f the passage is...” 等，要求选出能准确概括文章主旨且具概括性、针对性、醒目性的标题。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
The best title f the passage is ________.
Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
·The mst apprpriate title f the passage is ______.
文章大意题：常见设问如 “What's the main idea/pint f the passage?” 等，需通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等方法）或归纳段落中心思想来确定文章整体中心思想。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
What's the main idea/pint f the passage?
·The passage is mainly abut ________.
·The passage is mainly cncerned abut ________.
·Which f the fllwing best states the main idea f the passage?
段落大意题：常见设问如 “What des the authr tell us in ” 等，可通过概括段落逻辑结构（总分、分总、分总分等）或揣摩作者暗示来归纳段落大意。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
What des the authr tell us in Paragraph
The main idea f the secnd paragraph prbably is ________.
The first paragraph is mainly abut ________.
Which f the fllwing can best summarize Para.1?
What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
解题要点：理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的正面肯定法、反面否定法、研读备选项本身等方法；学会运用浏览法快速找到主题句；准确概括段落逻辑结构以归纳段落大意。
例题精练，举一反三
（一）细节理解题示例
A
The Biggest Stadiums in the Wrld
Peple have been puring int stadiums since the days f ancient Greece. In arund 8 A.Q., the Rmans built the Clsseum, which remains the wrld's best knwn stadium are cntinues t infrm cntemprary design. Rme’s Clsseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 peple. Hwever, that was small fry cmpared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accmmdated arund 250,000 peple.
These days, safety regulatins-nt t mentin the mdern sprts fan’s desire fr a gd view and a cmfrtable seat-tend t keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lwer. Even sccer fans tend t have a seat each; gne are the days f thusands standing t watch the match.
Fr the biggest stadiums in the wrld, we have used data supplied by the Wrld Atlas list s far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated infrmatin frm fficial stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functinal, still pen and still hsting the biggest events in wrld sprt.
•Rungrad 1st f May Stadium, Pyngyang, Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989.
•Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbr, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. Octber 1, 1927.
•Beaver Stadium, State Cllege, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
•Ohi Stadium, Clumbus, Ohi, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: Octber 7, 1922.
•Kyle Field, Cllege Statin, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927.
21. Hw many peple culd the Circus Maximus hld?
A.104,944.B. 107,601. C. Abut 150,000. D. Abut 250,000.
22. Of the fllwing stadiums, which is the ldest?
A. Michigan Stadium.
B. Beaver Stadium.
C. Ohi Stadium.
D. Kyle Field.
21 题
选 D
根据文中第一段最后一句 “Hwever, that was small fry cmpared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accmmdated arund 250,000 peple.”，明确指出 Circus Maximus 能容纳大约 250,000 人，题干问其容纳人数，所以选 D，属于直接细节理解题。
22 题
选 C
文中给出 Michigan Stadium 开放于 1927 年 10 月 1 日；Beaver Stadium 开放于 1960 年 9 月 17 日；Ohi Stadium 开放于 1922 年 10 月 7 日；Kyle Field 开放于 1927 年 9 月 24 日，对比各体育场开放时间可知 Ohi Stadium 最早，题目问最古老的体育场，所以选 C，属于直接细节理解题。
B
Of the cmmn berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, althugh, because f their seeds, raspberries cntain a little mre prtein (蛋白质), irn and zinc (nt that fruits have much prtein). Blueberries are particularly high in antixidants (抗氧化物质). The yellw and range stne fruits such as peaches are high in the cartenids we turn int vitamin A and which are antixidants. As fr cherries (樱桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C.
…
24．What des the authr seem t like abut cherries?
A．They cntain prtein.
B．They are high in vitamin A.
C．They have a pleasant taste.
D．They are rich in antixidants.
选 C
根据该段最后一句 “As fr cherries (樱桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C．” 可知，原文中的 they are s delicius 被替换成选项中的 They have a pleasant taste，为间接细节理解题。所以选 C。
C
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages, ften spken by many peple, while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 languages; the Americas abut 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number (中位数) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
…
30．Hw many languages are spken by less than 6,000 peple at present?
A．Abut 6,800. B．Abut 3,400.
C．Abut 2,400. D．Abut 1,200.
选 B
文中提到 “The median number (中位数) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.”，全世界语言数量约 6800 种，一半语言使用人数少于中位数 6000 人，经计算大约 3400 种语言使用人数少于 6000 人，根据此内容可得出答案，属于直接细节理解题，所以选 B。
（二）推理判断题示例
D
We may think we're a culture that gets rid f ur wrn technlgy at the first sight f smething shiny and new, but a new study shws that we keep using ur ld devices (装置) well after they g ut f style. That's bad news fr the envirnment — and ur wallets — as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.
…
32．What des the authr think f new devices?
A．They are envirnment­friendly.
B．They are n better than the ld.
C．They cst mre t use at hme.
D．They g ut f style quickly.
选 A
文中说 “a new study shws that we keep using ur ld devices (装置) well after they g ut f style. That's bad news fr the envirnment — and ur wallets — as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.”，指出旧设备过时后还在使用且比新设备耗能多，由此可推断出新设备更环保，通过对新旧设备耗能情况对比分析得出结论，属于推理判断题，所以选 A。
E
We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank r n an airplane, surrunded by peple wh are, like us, deeply fcused n their smartphnes r, wrse, struggling with the uncmfrtable silence.
…
32．What phenmenn is described in the first paragraph?
A．Addictin t smartphnes.
B．Inapprpriate behaviurs in public places.
C．Absence f cmmunicatin between strangers.
D．Impatience with slw service.
选 C
第一段描述了在电梯、银行排队或者飞机上，人们都专注于自己的智能手机或者忍受着尴尬的沉默，体现出陌生人之间缺乏交流的现象，通过对所描述场景的归纳总结得出结论，属于推理判断题，所以选 C。
F
[1]Many f us lve July because it's the mnth when nature's berries and stne fruits are in abundance. These clurful and sweet jewels frm British Clumbia's fields are little pwerhuses f nutritinal prtectin.
[2]Of the cmmn berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, althugh, because f their seeds, raspberries cntain a little mre prtein (蛋白质), irn and zinc (nt that fruits have much prtein). Blueberries are particularly high in antixidants (抗氧化物质). The yellw and range stne fruits such as peaches are high in the cartenids we turn int vitamin A and which are antixidants. As fr cherries (樱桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C.
[3]When cmbined with berries r slices f ther fruits, frzen bananas make an excellent base fr thick, cling fruit shakes and lw fat “ice cream”. Fr this purpse, select ripe bananas fr freezing as they are much sweeter. Remve the skin and place them in plastic bags r cntainers and freeze. If yu like, a squeeze f fresh lemn juice n the bananas will prevent them turning brwn. Frzen bananas will last several weeks, depending n their ripeness and the temperature f the freezer.
[4]If yu have a_juicer,_yu can simply feed in frzen bananas and sme berries r sliced fruit. Out cmes a “sft­serve” creamy dessert, t be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity fr a children's party; they lve feeding the fruit and frzen bananas int the tp f the machine and watching the ice cream cme ut belw.
27．Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A．A bilgy textbk. B．A health magazine.
C．A research paper. D．A travel brchure.
选 B
文章先是介绍了各种浆果富含的营养成分，接着讲了用香蕉等制作健康的甜品，整体内容围绕食物的营养以及相关健康吃法，从内容主题角度判断其出处，属于推理判断题，所以最有可能出自健康杂志，选 B。
（三）词义猜测题示例
G
Sn afterwards, many f thse peple started settling dwn t becme farmers, and their languages t became mre settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin­state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
29．Which f the fllwing best explains “dminant” underlined in paragraph 2?
A．Cmplex. B．Advanced.
C．Pwerful. D．Mdern.
选 C
文中提到 “ have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.”，很多语言消失了，而像英语、西班牙语、汉语这些语言正在逐渐占据主导地位，这里 “dminant” 意思是有强大影响力、占优势的，“Pwerful” 与之意思相近，通过对上下文语义及词语含义的理解来判断词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 C。
H
I am Peter Hdes, a vlunteer stem cell curier. Since March 2012, I've dne 89 trips — f thse, 51 have been abrad. I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little bx because I've gt tw ice packs and that's hw lng they last. In all, frm the time the stem cells are harvested frm a dnr (捐献者) t the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've gt 72 hurs at mst. S I am always cnscius f time.
29．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “curier” in Paragraph 1?
A．prvider B．delivery man
C．cllectr D．medical dctr
选 B
文中 “I've dne 89 trips — f thse, 51 have been abrad. I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little bx...” 表明 “我” 要带着干细胞到处跑，也就是负责运送干细胞，“curier” 在这里相当于 “delivery man（送货员、传递者）”，通过对句子描述行为的分析来猜测词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 B。
I
[2]Despite the celebratins, thugh, in the U．S.the jazz audience cntinues t shrink and grw lder, and the music has failed t cnnect with yunger generatins.
[3]It's Jasn Mran's jb t help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser fr jazz, Mran hpes t widen the audience fr jazz, make the music mre accessible, and preserve its histry and culture.
…
29．What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Jazz becming mre accessible.
B．The prductin f jazz grwing faster.
C．Jazz being less ppular with the yung.
D．The jazz audience becming larger.
选 C
文中提到 “Despite the celebratins, thugh, in the U．S.the jazz audience cntinues t shrink and grw lder, and the music has failed t cnnect with yunger generatins. It's Jasn Mran's jb t help change that.”，that 指代前面提到的爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎、观众减少变老的情况，通过对前后文指代关系的分析来确定词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 C。
（四）主旨大意题示例
J
Gd Mrning Britain's Susanna Reid is used t grilling guests n the sfa every mrning, but she is cking up a strm in her latest rle — shwing families hw t prepare delicius and nutritius meals n a tight budget.
In Save Mney: Gd Fd, she visits a different hme each week and with the help f chef Matt Tebbutt ffers tp tips n hw t reduce fd waste, while preparing recipes fr under ￡5 per family a day. And the Gd Mrning Britain presenter says she's been able t put a lt f what she's learnt int practice in her wn hme, preparing meals fr sns, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
“We lve Mexican churrs, s I buy them n my phne frm my lcal Mexican takeaway restaurant，” she explains. “I pay ￡5 fr a prtin (一份), but Matt makes them fr 26p a prtin, because they are flur, water, sugar and il. Everybdy can buy takeaway fd, but smetimes we're nt aware hw cheaply we can make this fd urselves.”
The eight­part series (系列节目), Save Mney: Gd Fd, fllws in the ftsteps f ITV's Save Mney: Gd Health, which gave viewers advice n hw t get value frm the vast range f health prducts n the market.
With fd ur biggest weekly husehld expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tnight's Easter special they cme t the aid f a family in need f sme delicius inspiratin n a budget. The team transfrms the family's lng weekend f celebratin with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
27．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B．Balancing Our Daily Diet
C．Making Yurself a Perfect Chef
D．Cking Well fr Less
选 D
文章围绕 Susanna Reid 在节目中教大家如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味又营养的饭菜展开，重点强调用较少的钱做出好的食物，“Cking Well fr Less” 能很好地概括这一主旨，通过对文章整体内容核心的提炼来确定标题，属于主旨大意题，所以选 D。
K
Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging. When the wrld was still ppulated by hunter­gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther. Sme language experts believe that 10,000 years ag, when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Sn afterwards, many f thse peple started settling dwn t becme farmers, and their languages t became mre settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin­state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages, ften spken by many peple, while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 languages; the Americas abut 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number (中位数) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f 6,800 languages are clse t extinctin (消亡), with nly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at randm, Busuu in Camern (eight remaining speakers), Chiapanec in Mexic (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (tw r three) r Wadjigu in Australia (ne, with a questin­mark): nne f these seems t have much chance f survival.
31．What is the main idea f the text?
A．New languages will be created.
B．Peple's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human develpment results in fewer languages.
D．Gegraphy determines language evlutin.
选 C
文章先是回顾过去语言数量众多，然后阐述随着人类发展，如人们从狩猎采集转为农耕、贸易、工业化、国家发展、全球化等因素，导致很多语言消失，现在语言数量变少，整体体现了人类发展使语言数量减少这一核心内容，通过对文章整体行文脉络及核心观点的梳理总结得出主旨，属于主旨大意题，所以选 C。
L
Terrafugia Inc. said Mnday that its new flying car has cmpleted its first flight, bringing the cmpany clser t its gal f selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transitin — has tw seats, fur wheels and wings that fld up s it can be driven like a car. The Transitin, which flew at 1,400 feet fr eight minutes last mnth, can reach arund 70 miles per hur n the rad and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23­galln tank f gas and burns 5 gallns per hur in the air. On the grund, it gets 35 miles per galln.
…
28．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．The basic data f the Transitin.B．The advantages f flying cars.
C．The ptential market fr flying cars.D．The designers f the Transitin.
选 A
第一段主要介绍了 Terrafugia 公司新飞行汽车 Transitin 的相关基本数据，比如座位数、轮子数、飞行高度、飞行时长、不同状态下的速度、油耗等信息，通过对段落内容描述对象及具体内容的归纳概括，可知是在介绍基本数据，属于主旨大意题，所以选 A。
记叙文部分（A-E）
A
（2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）14-year-ld Leanne Fan frm San Dieg, Califrnia, was named the grand prize winner f the 2022 3M Yung Scientist Challenge, the natin’s tp middle schl science cmpetitin.
Leanne Fan develped the Finsen Headphnes, a lw-cst headphne device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) t detect and treat mid-ear infectins (感染) in children — ptentially preventing up t 60% f hearing lss in children. The wrld sees 700 millin cases f mid-ear infectins every year. Fan hpes that this can be an effective and lw-cst treatment ptin fr the thusands wh are affected.
Fan was inspired t create the headphnes three years ag while learning abut Niels Finsen, wh wn the Nbel Prize in 1903 after inventing light therapy t treat bacterial (细菌的) infectins. “I thught, ‘This is an amazing idea, and I can apply it t smething else in my daily life,’” Fan said.
Fan tk hme the tp prize, earning the title f “America’s Tp Yung Scientist” and $25,000. She is planning t use sme f the prize mney t start the patent prcess fr the headphnes. Fan is ptimistic that the Finsen Headphnes will be able t help peple in the near future.
“Being part f the 3M Yung Scientist Challenge was abslutely the best part f my year,” Fan said. “I culd meet scientists that are my age and ging fr their dreams t, and made sme friends.” She hpes t inspire ther girls wh want t becme inventrs. “Even a small idea can g far,” she said. “I had an idea t use blue light t kill bacteria and three years later, I’m here.”
1．What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．The cst f the headphne device.B．The prcess f blue light therapy.
C．The descriptin f the headphnes.D．The cases f mid-ear infectins.
2．What inspired Leanne Fan t create the headphnes?
A．Her wn daily life.
B．Her desire fr the Nbel Prize.
C．The facts f bacterial infectins.
D．Niels Finsen’s inventin f light therapy.
3．Which f the fllwing can best describe Fan?
A．Outging.B．Patient.C．Creative.D．Hardwrking.
4．What can we learn frm Fan’s stry?
A．Even a small idea can g far.B．Many hands make light wrk.
C．Rses given, fragrance in hand.D．Actins speak luder than wrds.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了一位来自加州的14岁女孩Leanne Fan在2022年3M青年科学家挑战赛中荣获大奖，她发明的芬森耳机使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳炎，有望预防高达60%的儿童听力损失。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Leanne Fan develped the Finsen Headphnes, a lw-cst headphne device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) t detect and treat mid-ear infectins (感染) in children(Leanne Fan开发了Finsen耳机，这是一种低成本的耳机设备，使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳感染)”可知，第二段主要描述了Fan发明的Finsen Headphnes的特点和功能，因此，该段主要是描述这款耳机。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fan was inspired t create the headphnes three years ag while learning abut Niels Finsen, wh wn the Nbel Prize in 1903 after inventing light therapy t treat bacterial (细菌的) infectins.( 三年前，Fan在了解Niels Finsen时受到启发，他发明了治疗细菌感染的光疗，于1903年获得诺贝尔奖。)”以及本段中“This is an amazing idea, and I can apply it t smething else in my daily life(这是一个神奇的想法，我可以把它应用到我日常生活中的其他事情上)”可知，Fan在了解Niels Finsen用光疗治疗细菌感染并获得诺贝尔奖后，想到了将这一理念应用到她的日常生活中，从而发明了耳机。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Leanne Fan develped the Finsen Headphnes, a lw-cst headphne device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) t detect and treat mid-ear infectins (感染) in children(Leanne Fan开发了Finsen耳机，这是一种低成本的耳机设备，使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳感染)”可知，Fan是一个有创造力的人，她开发了使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗中耳炎的耳机。这表明她具有创新思维和解决问题的能力，因此最能描述她的词是C选项“Creative”（有创造力的）。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Even a small idea can g far,” she said. “I had an idea t use blue light t kill bacteria and three years later, I’m here.”(“即使是一个很小的想法也可以走得很远，”她说。“我有一个想法，用蓝光杀死细菌，三年后，我在这里。”)”可知，通过Fan的话，表明了即使是一个小小的想法，只要有勇气和努力，也可以取得很大的成就。A选项“Even a small idea can g far.( 即使是一个小想法也能走得很远。)”符合题意。故选A。
B
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Every day fr the last three years, millinaire (百万富翁) Zhng Cngrng has picked up rubbish in his neighbrhd and spread the envirnmental awareness t the residents f Chngqing.
In fact, the Chngqing businessman’s anti-littering campaign was inspired by a family trip t Hainan during Chinese New Year in 2015. There, he met a retired prfessr frm Tsinghua University wh had been picking up rubbish alng the beach fr fur years. Zhng started cpying the practice arund his hme the day after he returned frm vacatin.
Zhng encurages his emplyees — wh are likely t be given 10-yuan fines if they litter at wrk — t jin his campaign, t. But he knws that the prblem can’t be slved quickly, and that brader measures must be carried ut t achieve lng-term success.
At first, Zhng’s wife and children felt embarrassed by his behavir. Fr a while, they even refused t walk next t him in public. Later, hwever, their attitudes changed, as they realized that their neighbrhd was indeed becming cleaner, and Zhng was being praised by their neighbrs. Nw, Zhng’s wife has becme an anti-littering campaigner herself.
“The envirnment remains dirty n matter hw many rubbish cllectrs there are,” Zhng said. “The nly slutin is t remind peple f the results f littering and hpe that it might change their behavir.”
5．What made Zhng Cngrng decide t pick up rubbish?
A．A trip t Hainan.B．A business meeting.C．A prfessr’s lecture.
6．What des Zhng d if his emplyees litter at wrk?
A．Shut at them.B．Fire them at nce.C．Punish them.
7．What was Zhng’s wife’s attitude t his behavir at first?
A．Angry.B．Jyful.C．Ashamed.
8．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．Zhng Cngrng and His Big Dream
B．A Millinaire Wh Picks Up Rubbish
C．A Millinaire and His Envirnmental Grups
【答案】5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位重庆的百万富翁为了环境变得更加美丽，连续三年义务捡垃圾。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In fact, the Chngqing businessman’s anti-littering campaign was inspired by a family trip t Hainan during Chinese New Year in 2015. (事实上，这位重庆商人发起反垃圾运动的灵感来自于2015年春节期间全家去海南旅游。)”可知，他决定捡垃圾是与一次海南旅游有关。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Zhng encurages his emplyees—wh are likely t be given 10-yuan fines if they litter at wrk—t jin his campaign, t. (钟鼓励他的员工也加入到他的行动中来，如果他们在工作场所乱扔垃圾，可能会被罚款10元。)”可知，如果他的员工在工作的时候被发现乱丢垃圾会被罚款10元。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At first, Zhng’s wife and children felt embarrassed by his behavir. (起初，钟的妻子和孩子对他的行为感到尴尬。)”可知，他的妻子最初对他的行为感到尴尬。故选C。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Every day fr the last three years, millinaire (百万富翁) Zhng Cngrng has picked up rubbish in his neighbrhd and spread the envirnmental awareness t the residents f Chngqing.(在过去的三年里，百万富翁钟聪荣（音译）每天都在他家附近捡垃圾，向重庆居民传播环保意识。)”以及全文内容可知，文章介绍的是一位重庆的百万富翁为了环境变得更加美丽，连续三年义务捡垃圾。因此，B选项“A Millinaire Wh Picks Up Rubbish(捡垃圾的百万富翁)”概括文章主要内容，符合本文标题。故选B。
C
（2023高一下·吉林·学业考试）In a few minutes, schl was t start. My six-year-ld sn, Dustin, was crying. “I dn’t want t g,” he said. Ever since he’d entered first grade, he had hated schl. “What’s ging n? If he hates schl this much nw, hw bad will it be later n? ” I wndered. Every kid smetimes dislikes schl s much that five t ten percent f them dn’t want t attend. “If a child seems wrried r anxius abut schl, pretends illness t stay hme, r wn’t talk abut things f the schl day, yu shuld be cncerned (关心),” says a schl psychlgist (心理学家), Michael Martin.
Luckily, yu can usually slve the prblem smetimes very easily. In ur case, my husband and I visited Dustin’s class and nticed that the teacher, just ut f cllege, called nly n kids wh sat right under her nse, Dustin, wh ften sat near the back, was ignred (忽视). We simply tld him t mve t the frnt. He did, and he was happy again.
9．Hw did the authr feel when her sn didn’t want t g t schl?
A．She felt happy.B．She felt wrried.
C．She felt nthing imprtant.D．She felt hpeful.
10．Which f the fllwing shws that a child likes ging t schl?
A．He hates t talk abut schl.B．He pretends t be ill at schl time.
C．He enjys ging t schl even if he is sick.D．He feels anxius when ging t schl every day.
11．What’s the reasn why Dustin dislikes ging t schl?
A．He feels ignred in class.B．He is afraid f his teacher.
C．He is laughed at by his classmates.D．He can’t answer the teacher’s questins.
【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者的儿子Dustin刚上一年级就非常讨厌上学。作者担心他的学习状态，并引用了一位学校心理学家的话，说明如果孩子对学校表现出担忧或焦虑，家长应该关注。最后，作者通过让Dustin换到教室前排的位置，解决了他的问题。
9．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If he hates schl this much nw, hw bad will it be later n? (如果他现在这么讨厌学校，以后会有多糟糕呢?)”可知，作者认为如果她儿子现在就这么不喜欢上学，那以后会更糟糕。因此，当儿子不想上学时，作者感到很担忧。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If a child seems wrried r anxius abut schl, pretends illness t stay hme, r wn’t talk abut things f the schl day, yu shuld be cncerned (关心) (如果一个孩子似乎对学校感到担心或焦虑，假装生病呆在家里，或者不愿意谈论上学的事情，你应该担心了)”可知，如果一个孩子不喜欢上学，他会对上学感到焦虑，他就会假装生病待在家里，或者不愿意谈论学校的事情。反之，如何一个孩子喜欢上学，即使生病了，他也会喜欢去学校。故选C项。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Luckily, yu can usually slve the prblem smetimes very easily. In ur case, my husband and I visited Dustin’s class and nticed that the teacher, just ut f cllege, called nly n kids wh sat right under her nse, Dustin, wh ften sat near the back, was ignred (忽视).(幸运的是，你通常可以很容易地解决这个问题。在我们的例子中，我和丈夫去了达斯汀的班级，注意到那位刚从大学毕业的老师只点名坐在她鼻子底下的孩子，而经常坐在后排的达斯汀却被忽视了)”可知，Dustin不喜欢上学的原因是因为他在课堂上被老师忽视了。故选A项。
D
（2024高二下·湖南娄底·学业考试）Agassi was very emtinal at the end f his final game. On September 3, the American tennis player said a tearful gdbye t his 21-year career after a third-rund defeat in the US Open. The 36-year-ld tried his best, but was unable t keep up with German Benjamin Becker, mre than ten years his junir.
"The screbard said I lst tday, but what the screbard desn't say is what I've fund," Agassi said t the fans. "I have fund inspiratin and yu willed me t succeed." It was an emtinal speech at the end f a lng career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he lves it nw. His father made him play when he was a child. He gt bred, and became a rebel（叛逆者）. The strict training that his father pushed upn him gt in the way f his wild lifestyle.
Asked what he wuld say t his 17-year-ld self, Agassi answered, "I wuld say, I understand yu a lt mre than I want t be yu."
The turning pint in Agassi's career came in 1992 when he unexpectedly wn his first Grand Slam at Wimbledn. It was the first time Agassi understd what real champins finally understand: winning is a test f nerves and nt just pwer; it's a marathn, nt a sprint（短跑）.
Agassi was abut t begin a marathn. He cut his lng hair, gt fitter and tightened up emtinally. On the curt, he was ranked N. 1 fr almst tw years. His lwest pint came in 1997 when his ranking drpped t N. 141. He didn't quit thugh. "I knew that I wuld try t get the mst ut f myself every day frm that day frward. That was my prmise," he said. "That never stpped."
12．Why was Agassi very emtinal when saying gdbye t his career?
A．Because he lst t an lder player.
B．Because this career has brught him s much.
C．Because he felt sad fr the best player.
D．Because he felt srry fr his lifestyle.
13．Frm his speech, we can see that ______.
A．he was thankful t his fansB．he refused t accept failure
C．he wished he hadn't hated tennisD．he decided t run a marathn
14．Thrugh wınning, Agassi learned that ______.
A．he didn't try his best in his careerB．it tk a lng time fr anyne t win
C．peple need t never give up t winD．winning nce r twice is nt enugh
15．It can be inferred frm the passage that Agassi's father ______.
A．was an excellent tennis playerB．was gd at raising Agassi
C．spent mst f his time training his snD．played a key rle in his tennis career
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了网球运动员阿加西退役时的演讲，并讲述了阿加西的网球生涯。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段的“It was an emtinal speech at the end f a lng career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he lves it nw.(这是他漫长职业生涯结束时的一次感人的演讲。阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。)”，第四段的“It was the first time Agassi understd what real champins finally understand: “winning is a test f nerves and nt just pwer; it’s a marathn, nt a sprint (短跑)”.(这是阿加西第一次理解真正的冠军最终理解的东西：“获胜是对神经的测试，而不仅仅是力量；这是马拉松，不是短跑)”，以及第五段的“Agassi was abut t begin a marathn.He cut his lng hair, gt fitter and tightened up emtinally.( 一场马拉松式的阿加西赛即将开始。他剪了长发，变得更健康，情绪绷紧)”可推断，阿加西开始并不喜欢网球，最终改掉了不良习惯，变得积极向上，因此推断，退役时阿加西情绪激动是因为网球带给他很多东西。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘The screbard said I lst tday, but what the screbard desn’t say is what I’ve fund,’ Agassi said t the fans. ‘I have fund inspiratin and yu willed me t succeed.’(阿加西对球迷说:“记分牌上说我今天输了，但记分牌上没有说我找到了什么。”“我找到了灵感，你们想要让我成功。”)”可知，阿加西感谢自己的球迷。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It was the first time Agassi understd what real champins finally understand: ‘winning is a test f nerves and nt just pwer; it’s a marathn, nt a sprint (短跑)’.(这是阿加西第一次明白真正的冠军最终明白的道理:“胜利是对勇气的考验，而不仅仅是力量的考验;这是一场马拉松，不是短跑。”)”可知，通过胜利，阿加西了解到人胜利是对勇气的考验，胜利是一场马拉松，不仅仅是力量的考验，也就是要不放弃，才能获得胜利。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he lves it nw. His father made him play when he was a child. He gt bred, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upn him gt in the way f his wild lifestyle.( 阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。当他还是个孩子的时候，他的父亲让他打网球。他厌倦了，变成了一个叛逆者。他父亲强加给他的严格训练妨碍了他狂野的生活方式。)”可推断，阿加西父亲在阿加西选择自己的职业方面起了很大的作用。故选C。
E
（2024高二下·安徽·学业考试）When yu are little, the whle wrld feels like a big playgrund. I was living in Cnyers, Gergia the summer it all happened. I was a secnd grader, but my best friend Stephanie was nly in the first grade. Bth f ur parents were at wrk and mst f the time they let us g ur wn way.
It was a ht afternn and we decided t have an adventure in Stephanie’s basement. As I pened the basement dr, befre us lay the biggest rm, full f amazing things like guns, dlls, and ld clthes. I ran dwnstairs, and sptted a red steel can. It was paint. I lked beynd it and there lay even mre paint in bright clrs like purple, range, blue and green.
“Stephanie, I just fund us a prject fr the day. Get sme paintbrushes. We are fixing t paint.” She screamed with excitement as I tld her f my secret plans and immediately we gt t wrk. We gathered all the brushes we culd find and mved all f ur materials t my yard. There n the rad in frnt f my huse, we painted big stripes (条纹) f clrs acrss the pavement. Strip e by stripe, ur clrs turned int a beautiful rainbw. It was fantastic!
The sun was starting t sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recgnized the car. It was my mther. I culdn’t wait t shw her my masterpiece. The car pulled slwly int the driveway and frm the lk n my mther’s face, I culd tell that I was in deep truble.
My mther shut the car dr and walked twards me. Her eyes glaring she shuted, “What in the wrld were yu thinking? I understd when yu made castles ut f leaves, and climbed the neighbrs’ trees, but this! Cme inside right nw!” I std there glaring back at her fr a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art.
“Nw g clean it up!” Mther and I began cleaning the rad. Tears ran dwn my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbw turn int black cement.
Thugh years have nw passed, I still wnder where my rainbw has gne. I wnder if, maybe when I get lder, I can find my rainbw and never have t brush it away. I guess we all need sme srt f rainbw t brighten ur lives frm time t time and t keep ur hpes and dreams clrful.
16．What did the writer d with his friend in that afternn?
A．They cunted the tys in the huse.
B．They painted a picture n the rad.
C．They made a prject in the rm.
D．They mved the paints t the basement.
17．What did the writer want t d when his mther came hme?
A．T shw his artwrk t her.
B．T intrduce Stephanie t her.
C．T put the materials back in the yard.
D．T prevent her frm seeing his painting.
18．In the mther’s eyes, what was the writer like?
A．He was a brn artist.B．He wrked very hard.
C．He was a prblem slver.D．He always caused truble.
19．What des the underlined wrd “rainbw” in the last paragraph mean?
A．The beautiful rainbw in the sky.
B．The stripes painted n the pavement.
C．Smething imaginative and fun.
D．Imprtant lessns learned in childhd.
20．What shuld parents d accrding t the writer?
A．They shuld prtect children’s dreams.
B．They shuld encurage children t paint.
C．They shuld value friendship amng children.
D．They shuld discver the hidden talent in children.
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候和朋友在马路上画画的故事，作者的妈妈认为他们在捣乱，把画好的画冲洗掉了，当时作者非常伤心，多年过去后，作者还是很怀念自己画的彩虹。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“There n the rad in frnt f my huse, we painted big stripes (条纹) f clrs acrss the pavement.（在我家门前的路上，我们在人行道上画了大大的彩色条纹。）”可知，作者和他的朋友那天下午在路上画画。故选B项。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I culdn’t wait t shw her my masterpiece.（我迫不及待地想给她看我的杰作。）”可知，当作者的妈妈回家时，作者想把他的艺术品展示给她看。故选A项。
18．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Her eyes glaring she shuted, “What in the wrld were yu thinking? I understd when yu made castles ut f leaves, and climbed the neighbrs’ trees, but this! Cme inside right nw!”（她瞪着眼睛喊道：“你到底在想什么？当你用树叶做城堡，爬上邻居的树时，我能理解，但这次！马上进来！”）”可推知，在妈妈眼里，作者总是惹麻烦。故选D项。
19．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“I guess we all need sme srt f rainbw t brighten ur lives frm time t time and t keep ur hpes and dreams clrful.（我想我们都需要某种rainbw时不时地照亮我们的生活，让我们的希望和梦想丰富多彩。）”可推知，rainbw 指的是“一些富有想象力和乐趣的东西”，能够使我们的希望和梦想丰富多彩，故选C项。
20．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“I std there glaring back at her fr a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art.（我站在那儿回头盯着她片刻，很生气，因为她侮辱了我的艺术。）”以及最后一段“I still wnder where my rainbw has gne. I wnder if, maybe when I get lder, I can find my rainbw and never have t brush it away.（我仍然想知道我的彩虹去了哪里。我想知道，也许当我长大后，我能找到我的彩虹，永远不用把它擦掉。）”可推知，作者认为父母应该保护孩子的梦想。故选A项。
说明文部分（F-J）
F
（2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）It’s difficult nt t admire the talent f a skilled musician. Whether it is a pianist, vilinist r cellist, they have made great effrts t reach the highest levels f perfrmance. But they say it’s never t late t learn. S what are the benefits, fr bth children and adults, in learning a musical instrument?
Learning t play a musical instrument when grwing up can imprve hearing in adulthd. Accrding t a study by Dr Nina Kraus, Prfessr f Neurbilgy at Nrthwestern University in Illinis, US, children wh played musical instruments were better at recgnizing different frequencies (频率). This imprved hearing skill carried ver int later life with adults wh had nce played an instrument able t recgnize sunds f different pitches (音高) mre easily.
And it culd als have sme academic benefits t. A study cnducted by the University f British Clumbia fund that students wh tk part in music-related activities during grades 7-12 scred much higher in science, English and maths.
In additin, there are benefits fr adults as well. Whether yu chse t play the pian, pick a guitar r learn a drumbeat, yu culd end up jining a band. This in turn culd imprve yur scial life, meeting ther bandmates wh are likeminded in their lve f music.
S, whether yu’re lking t imprve yur grades r yur scial life, maybe taking up an instrument culd help yu.
21．Accrding t the study by Dr Nina Kraus, playing a musical instrument can ________.
A．enrich children’s schl life
B．imprve hearing in adulthd
C．help children realize their dreams
D．inspire children t becme mre respnsible
22．What des the underlined wrd “This” in Para. 4 refer t?
A．Playing the pian.B．Picking a guitar.
C．Learning a drumbeat.D．Jining a band.
23．Hw many benefits f learning a musical instrument are mentined in the text?
A．One.B．Tw.C．Three.D．Fur.
24．What’s the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T share relaxatin ways.
B．T stress academic benefits.
C．T intrduce practical musical skills.
D．T encurage readers t take up an instrument.
【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C 24．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文探讨了学习乐器对儿童和成年人的益处。研究发现，学习乐器可以提高成年后的听力能力，同时对学术成绩也有积极影响。此外，学习乐器还能丰富成年人的社交生活。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Learning t play a musical instrument when grwing up can imprve hearing in adulthd. Accrding t a study by Dr Nina Kraus, Prfessr f Neurbilgy at Nrthwestern University in Illinis, US, children wh played musical instruments were better at recgnizing different frequencies (频率). This imprved hearing skill carried ver int later life with adults wh had nce played an instrument able t recgnize sunds f different pitches (音高) mre easily.( 在成长过程中学习一种乐器可以改善成年后的听力。根据美国伊利诺斯州西北大学神经生物学教授Nina Kraus博士的一项研究，演奏乐器的孩子更善于识别不同的频率。这种听力技能的提高会延续到以后的生活中，那些曾经演奏过乐器的成年人更容易识别不同音高的声音。)”可知，根据Dr Nina Kraus的研究，学习演奏乐器可以提高成年后的听力。故选B。
22．词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词前面的信息“Whether yu chse t play the pian, pick a guitar r learn a drumbeat, yu culd end up jining a band. (无论你选择弹钢琴、弹吉他还是学打鼓，你最终都有可能加入一个乐队。)”可知，无论你选择弹钢琴、弹吉他还是学打鼓，你最终都有可能加入一个乐队。加入乐队这一行为，它进而可以改善你的社交生活。因此划线词与D选项“Jining a band.(加入一个乐队)”表述信息一致。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Learning t play a musical instrument when grwing up can imprve hearing in adulthd. (在成长过程中学习一种乐器可以改善成年后的听力。)”以及第三段中“ A study cnducted by the University f British Clumbia fund that students wh tk part in music-related activities during grades 7-12 scred much higher in science, English and maths.(英属哥伦比亚大学进行的一项研究发现，7-12年级参加音乐相关活动的学生在科学、英语和数学方面的得分要高得多。)”以及第四段中“In additin, there are benefits fr adults as well. Whether yu chse t play the pian, pick a guitar r learn a drumbeat, yu culd end up jining a band. This in turn culd imprve yur scial life(此外，对成年人也有好处。无论你选择弹钢琴、弹吉他还是学打鼓，你最终都有可能加入一个乐队。这反过来可以改善你的社交生活)”可知，文章提到了学习乐器的三个益处：一是提高成年后的听力；二是对学业有积极影响；三是改善成年人的社交生活。因此，文章中提到了三个益处。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whether it is a pianist, vilinist r cellist, they have made great effrts t reach the highest levels f perfrmance. But they say it’s never t late t learn. S what are the benefits, fr bth children and adults, in learning a musical instrument?( 无论是钢琴家、小提琴家还是大提琴家，他们都为达到最高水平的演奏付出了巨大的努力。但他们说学习永远不会太晚。那么，对于儿童和成人来说，学习一种乐器有什么好处呢？)”以及通读全文可知，文章开头提到对熟练音乐家的才能感到钦佩，并提到学习乐器永远不晚，然后列举了学习乐器的多个益处，包括提高听力、对学业有积极影响以及改善社交生活。这些都表明作者的意图是鼓励读者学习乐器。故选D。
G
（2024高二上·广东·学业考试）Have yu ever drawn pictures n yur ntebks when yu are siting in class? If s, yur teacher might have tld yu t stp. Many peple think ddling (胡写乱画) may stp yu paying attentin t what yu are ding. But it might be just the ppsite.
One study shws that ddling may help yu remember things yu hear. In 2009, researchers asked tw grups f peple t listen t a phne message. One grup was encuraged t ddle, but the ther was nt. Neither grup knew that they wuld be asked t remember infrmatin frm the message. But the grup that ddled remembered 29% mre.
Other peple suggest ther uses fr ddling. Jesse Prinz, a prfessr wh studies ddling, says it can help yu think creatively. Walking away frm a prblem t draw might actually help yu slve it. When yu cme back, yu will have a fresh idea and get an answer mre quickly.
An authr named Sunni Brwn wrte a bk n ddling. She argues that ddling is a tl that can help peple think. She admits that peple see ddling as ding nthing but she wants t change that. In fact, she wns a business that helps cmpanies imprve management effectiveness thrugh ddling.
Brwn believes ddling is helpful because it includes mre than ne way f learning. Yu learn in fur ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The mre ways yu use, the better yu learn. And when yu ddle while listening t a lecture, yu are using all fur.
Yu might think that being gd at drawing is imprtant fr ddling. But if the pint f ddling is t help yu think, then it des’t matter what the picture lks like. Even if yu are nt an artist, ddling can help yu. S next time yu need t fcus, pick up a pen and ddle away.
25．What des the last sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest?
A．Drawing might be allwed in class.B．Drawing is the first step t ddle.
C．Ddling might help students fcus.D．Ddling is ppular with students
26．The underlined wrd “that” in Paragraph4 refers t the fact that __________
A．ddling can help peple thinkB．Sunni Brwn des business by ddling
C．peple cnsider ddling as ding nthingD．Sunni Brwn wrte a bk abut ddling
27．Accrding t the last tw paragraphs, ddling __________.
A．helps peple becme better learnersB．is useless in listening t a lecture
C．requires very gd drawing skillsD．des nt attract any artists
28．The purpse f the passage is t __________.
A．d research by ddlingB．slve prblems by ddling
C．help peple learn hw t ddleD．intrduce the benefits f ddling
29．In which sectin f a newspaper can we prbably find this passage?
A．Health.B．Educatin.C．Technlgy.D．Ecnmy.
【答案】25．C 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．B
【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文，主要介绍了涂鸦（ddling）的积极作用。文章通过研究和专家的观点，阐述了涂鸦不仅不会分散注意力，反而有助于记忆、创造性思维和学习。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Many peple think ddling (胡写乱画) may stp yu paying attentin t what yu are ding. But it might be just the ppsite.（很多人认为涂鸦可能使你分心。但结果可能是相反的）”推知，这句话表明涂鸦可能帮助学生集中注意力。故选C。
26．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“She admits that peple see ddling as ding nthing but she wants t changethat. （她承认人们把涂鸦看作无所事事，但她想改变那个（看法））”可知，“that”指代上文提到的“人们认为涂鸦是无所事事”这件事。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Brwn believes ddling is helpful because it includes mre than ne way f learning.（布朗相信涂鸦有助于学习，因为它包含了多种学习方式）”可知，涂鸦有助于人们成为更好的学习者，因为它结合了多种学习方式，如看、听、读和写。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Many peple think ddling (胡写乱画)may stp yu paying attentin t what yu are ding. But it might be just the ppsite.(很多人认为涂鸦可能使你分心。但结果可能是相反的)”，以及第二段中“One study shws that ddling may help yu remember things yu hear.（涂鸦可能有助于你记住你所听到的）”，第三段中“Jesse Prinz, a prfessr wh studies ddling, says it can help yu think creatively. (Jesse Prinz，一位研究涂鸦的教授，说涂鸦能帮助你进行创造性思维)”等内容可知，文章的目的是介绍涂鸦的好处。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是倒数第二段“Brwn believes ddling is helpful because it includes mre than ne way f learning. Yu learn in fur ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The mre ways yu use, the better yu learn. And when yu ddle while listening t a lecture, yu are using all fur.(布朗相信涂鸦有助于学习，因为它包含了多种学习方式。你从四个方面进行学习：看，听，读和写。运用的方法越多，你就学得越好。当你在听讲座时涂鸦，你就运用了所有的四种方法)”可知，本段提到了涂鸦对学习的帮助，可以推断这篇文章很可能出现在报纸的教育版块。故选B。
H
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Prfessinal surfers can head ver t the farming twn (农业小镇) f Lemre in suthern Califrnia, which is hme t the wrld’s first wave pl aimed at cmpetitive surfing (竞技性的冲浪). Originally named after its funder, American surfing legend, 11-time wrld champin Kelly Slater, it was named WSL Surf Ranch after the Wrld Surfing League acquired a majrity stake (大股东) in 2016.
In the wrks since 2015, the $30 millin facility pened n May 5, 2018 with a tw-day Funders Cup that magnetized sme f the wrld’s best surfers and ver 5,000 fans. After Slater, cmpeting fr Team USA, intrduced the weekend by flying thrugh ne f the waves, 25 prfessinal surfers—divided int five teams representing the USA, Australia, Eurpe, Brazil, and the rest f the wrld—tk turns t deal with the artificial swells (人工涌浪). The fierce cmpetitin ended with Team Wrld taking hme the gld. Fr $9,500, amateur surfers als gt a chance t test the man-made tides fr an hur, n Mnday, fllwing the event.
“Many were very dubtful befre the event and every single ne f them, having seen the wave live, culdn’t help but smile,” Shawn White, ne f the lucky amateurs t ride the waves, agreed. The three-time Olympic champin said, “Man, it was incredible. I gt pretty excited.”
30．Why was the wave pl nce named Kelly Slater?
A．He funded the pl.
B．He was a very famus surfer.
C．He prvided a large sum f funds.
31．What des the underlined wrd “magnetized” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Invited.B．Surprised.C．Attracted.
32．When can amateur surfers test the artificial wave?
A．On Mnday.B．On Tuesday.C．On Thursday.
33．Hw did the surfers wh dubted the artificial wave feel after testing it?
A．Disappinted.B．Satisfied.C．Puzzled.
【答案】30．A 31．C 32．A 33．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上第一个以冲浪比赛为目的的波浪池以及一些冲浪者的体验。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Originally named after its funder, American surfing legend, 11-time wrld champin Kelly Slater, it was named WSL Surf Ranch after the Wrld Surfing League acquired a majrity stake (大股东) in 2016. (它最初以其创始人、美国冲浪传奇人物、11次世界冠军Kelly Slater的名字命名，在Wrld Surfing League于2016年收购其多数股权后，被命名为WSL冲浪牧场。)”可知，曾将其命名为“Kelly Slater”的原因是他是创建者。故选A项。
31．词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线词后的“sme f the wrld’s best surfers and ver 5,000 fans (一些世界上最好的冲浪者和5000多名粉丝)”可推知，Funders Cup比赛应该是吸引了世界上最好的冲浪运动员以及5000多名粉丝，划线单词的含义是“吸引”。A. Invited邀请；B. Surprised（使）吃惊；C. Attracted吸引。故选C项。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fr $9,500, amateur surfers als gt a chance t test the man-made tides fr an hur, n Mnday, fllwing the event. (花费9500美元，业余冲浪者也有机会在周一活动结束后的一小时内测试人造潮汐。)”可知，业余冲浪者可以在星期一测试人造波浪。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Many were very dubtful befre the event and every single ne f them, having seen the wave live, culdn’t help but smile,” Shawn White, ne f the lucky amateurs t ride the waves, agreed. The three-time Olympic champin said, “Man, it was incredible. I gt pretty excited.” (“很多人在比赛前都很怀疑，每个人都看到了现场的海浪，忍不住笑了，”Shawn White说，他是幸运的冲浪爱好者之一。这位三届奥运会冠军说：“天哪，这太不可思议了。我非常兴奋。”)”可知，之前质疑人造波浪的冲浪者测试后感到满意。故选B项。
I
（2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）Yung babies make many shrt and wrd-like sunds such as “ba” r “aga”. Thse early sunds are later replaced with wrds and, eventually, sentences. While sme f them are brn t be mre talkative than thers, a new study cnfirms that male babies make mre sunds than female babies in the first year.
While the research cnfirms earlier findings frm a much smaller study by the same team, they still cme as a surprise. That’s because there’s a cmmn and lng-held belief that females have an advantage ver males in language.
In the study, Dr Kim and his team included mre than 450,000 hurs f all-day recrdings f 5,899 babies, using a device abut the size f an iPd. Thse recrdings were prcessed t cunt the number f wrds spken by babies and adults acrss the first tw years f life.
Generally, the data shwed that male babies made 10% mre sunds in the first year cmpared t females. In the secnd year, the difference turned directins, with female babies making abut 7% mre sunds than males. Thse differences were bserved even thugh the number f wrds spken by adults caring fr thse babies was higher fr female babies in bth years cmpared t males.
Why, then, wuld male babies be mre talkative than females in the first year and nt later? “We think it may be because bys are mre likely t die in the first year than girls. Given that s many male deaths happen in the first year, bys may have been under especially high selectin pressure t prduce fitness signals t express their wellness and imprve their chances f surviving,” says Kim. By the secnd year f life, as death rates drp sharply acrss the bard, he added, “the pressure n special fitness signaling is lwer fr bth bys and girls.”
34．Why are the findings f the new study surprising?
A．They are similar t earlier nes.
B．They shw males are mre talkative.
C．They g against peple’s cmmn belief.
D．They shw babies learn language differently
35．What did the study find abut male babies in the secnd year?
A．They received mre language input.
B．They shwed better language abilities.
C．They cmmunicated mre with adults.
D．They made less sunds than female babies.
36．What might cause the change in sund prductin fr male babies?
A．Imprved language skills.B．Change in living envirnment.
C．Less need fr fitness signaling.D．Increase in scial cmmunicatin.
【答案】34．C 35．D 36．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，研究表明，男婴在出生的第一年发音比女婴多，而在第二年，发出的声音比女婴要少，文章解释了这种现象的原因。
34．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While sme f them are brn t be mre talkative than thers, a new study cnfirms that male babies make mre sunds than female babies in the first year.(虽然有些婴儿生来就比其他人更健谈，但一项新的研究证实，男婴在出生第一年发出的声音比女婴更多)”及第二段“While the research cnfirms earlier findings frm a much smaller study by the same team, they still cme as a surprise. That’s because there’s a cmmn and lng-held belief that females have an advantage ver males in language.(虽然这项研究证实了同一团队先前进行的一项规模小得多的研究的结果，但它们仍然令人惊讶。这是因为人们长期以来普遍认为，女性在语言方面比男性更有优势。)”可知，新的研究表明男婴在出生的第一年发音比女婴多，与长期以来人们普遍女性在语言方面比男性更有优势这一观点相悖，这是令人惊讶的。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the secnd year, the difference turned directins, with female babies making abut 7% mre sunds than males.(在第二年，这种差异转向了方向，女婴发出的声音比男婴多7%)”可知，第二年，男婴发出的声音比女婴要少。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““We think it may be because bys are mre likely t die in the first year than girls. Given that s many male deaths happen in the first year, bys may have been under especially high selectin pressure t prduce fitness signals t express their wellness and imprve their chances f surviving,” says Kim. By the secnd year f life, as death rates drp sharply acrss the bard, he added, “the pressure n special fitness signaling is lwer fr bth bys and girls.”(“我们认为这可能是因为男孩在第一年比女孩更容易死亡。鉴于如此多的男性死亡发生在第一年，男孩可能在特别高的选择压力下产生健康信号来表达他们的健康和提高他们的生存机会，”Kim说。他补充说，到婴儿出生后第二年，随着死亡率全面大幅下降，“男孩和女孩在特殊健康信号方面的压力都较低。”)”可知，男婴在第二年发出更少的声音也许是由于第二年死亡压力减少，所以需要更少的信号来表达健康需求。故选C。
J
（2024高二下·安徽·学业考试）Sme peple say they “never frget a face.” But what des that saying mean? Is there really n limit t the number f faces a persn can remember? A new study frm a grup f researchers at the University f Yrk in England has fund that, n average, peple can remember as many as 5,000 faces. They published their findings n facial recgnitin this mnth in the Prceedings f The Ryal Sciety B, Bilgical Sciences.
Rb Jenkins wrks in the psychlgy department at the University f Yrk. He said the researchers’ study centered n “the number f faces peple actually knw”. The study suggests ur facial recgnitin abilities help us t deal with the many different faces we see n the screens, as well as thse we knw, like family and friends.
Fr the human study, peple spent ne hur writing dwn as many faces frm their persnal lives as pssible. Sme examples may include peple they went t schl with, peple they wrk with and family members. Then, they wrte dwn famus faces they knw, such as actrs, pliticians and ther public peple.
The results shwed that the participants knew between 1,000 and 10,000 faces. Jenkins said ne explanatin may be that sme peple have a natural ability fr remembering faces. “There are differences in hw much attentin peple pay t faces and hw well they prcess the infrmatin,” he said. Jenkins als said it culd be because f different scial envirnments. Sme peple may have grwn up in mre ppulated places. S, they may have had mre scial cntact thrughut their lives.
The peple in the study included 25 men and wmen students frm tw universities. They were between 18 and 61 years ld. Researchers think age may be an interesting area fr further research. Jenkins said it is pssible that we gather mre faces thrughut ur lifetime. But, he added, there als may be an age at which we start t find it harder t remember all f thse faces.
37．What was the new study mainly abut?
A．Hw lng peple can remember faces.
B．When peple will frget faces.
C．Why peple can deal with different faces.
D．Hw many faces peple can knw.
38．On average, hw many faces can a man remember accrding t the study?
A．Abut 5,000.B．N mre than 1,000.
C．Fewer than 25.D．Arund 10,000.
39．What d we knw abut the participants in the study?
A．They are gd at recgnizing faces.
B．They remember mre famus peple.
C．They have different scial backgrunds.
D．They try their best t avid scial cntact.
40．What can we learn abut the last paragraph?
A．We are sure t gather mre faces as we age.
B．The future research may fcus mre n age.
C．The participants in the study are in their yuth.
D．It may be harder t remember faces f different ages.
41．What did Jenkins think wuld affect peple’s ability t remember faces?
A．Attentin.B．Persnal lives.C．Age.D．Sex.
【答案】37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B 41．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，人们平均能记住5000张面孔，面部识别能力有助于应对多样化的社交需求，记忆力差异或由先天能力、注意力、信息处理及社交环境等因素造成。
37．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A new study frm a grup f researchers at the University f Yrk in England has fund that, n average, peple can remember as many as 5,000 faces. They published their findings n facial recgnitin this mnth in the Prceedings f The Ryal Sciety B, Bilgical Sciences.(英国约克大学的一组研究人员最近发表的一项新研究发现，平均而言，人们能记住多达5000张面孔。他们本月在《英国皇家学会学报B-生物科学》上发表了关于面部识别的研究成果)”可知，这项新研究主要是关于人们能记住多少张面孔。故选D项。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A new study frm a grup f researchers at the University f Yrk in England has fund that, n average, peple can remember as many as 5,000 faces.(英国约克大学的一组研究人员最近发表的一项新研究发现，平均而言，人们能记住多达5000张面孔)”可知，根据这项研究，平均一个人能记住大约5000张面孔。故选A项。
39．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Jenkins als said it culd be because f different scial envirnments. Sme peple may have grwn up in mre ppulated places. S, they may have had mre scial cntact thrughut their lives.(詹金斯还说，这可能是因为不同的社会环境。有些人可能是在人口较多的地方长大的。因此，他们一生中可能有更多的社交接触)”可知，研究中的参与者有着不同的社会背景。故选C项。
40．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Researchers think age may be an interesting area fr further research.(研究人员认为年龄可能是进一步研究的一个有趣领域)”可知，未来的研究可能会更多关注年龄因素。故选B项。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Jenkins said ne explanatin may be that sme peple have a natural ability fr remembering faces. (詹金斯说，一种解释可能是有些人天生就有记忆面孔的能力。)”和“Jenkins als said it culd be because f different scial envirnments. Sme peple may have grwn up in mre ppulated places. S, they may have had mre scial cntact thrughut their lives.(詹金斯还说，这可能是因为不同的社会环境。有些人可能是在人口较多的地方长大的。因此，他们一生中可能有更多的社交接触)”可知，詹金斯认为个人生活会影响人们记住面孔的能力。故选B项。
议论文部分（K-O）
K
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Keeping a schedule helps yu arrange yur time in ways that matter t yu. If yu d nt decide hw t spend yur time, yu will likely prcrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nwhere. Fllwing a schedule in life is a key element tward yur success.
Yu can set bundaries arund yur time fr wrk, rest, learning, health, and mre. This way yu will be free t d what is imprtant t yu. Just like a budget fr yur mney, yur schedule allws yu t spend time n the things that matter t yu. Yu can selectively chse what yu will d and what yu will nt d. In this way, yu can gain mre freedm in yur life.
A schedule can help yu fit mre int a day, but yur main cncern ught t be getting the imprtant things int yur day. Yu cannt d everything, s yu d what matters and maintain yur fcus by ignring things that wuld distract yu frm the things that will have the greatest impact. This way, yu can increase yur prductivity.
Yu can prve yur trustwrthiness (可靠, 可信赖) by sticking t a set schedule. Fllwing it can help yu remember the things yu have agreed t d. Yu can als help avid cnflicts by checking yur schedule befre yu make a new prmise. Use yur schedule t maintain yur trustwrthiness and reliability in the eyes f thers.
Yur schedule ensures that yu take actin each day t achieve yur gal. Whether small r large steps, yur increasing successes build up each day. Repetitin develps excellence and excellence leads t success. As yu see yurself winning frm day t day, yur self-cnfidence grws.
42．Withut a schedule, yu tend t__________.
A．achieve nthing that ne desires
B．have mre freedm t enjy life
C．be attracted by imprtant things
43．If yu set bundaries arund yur time, what can yu get?
A．Mre mney.B．Mre rest.C．Mre freedm.
44．What can we infer frm Paragraph 4?
A．Never make a prmise t anyne.
B．Our energy is limitless.
C．Schedule helps t prtect yur credit.
45．Which can be a suitable title f the text?
A．The Benefits f Keeping a Schedule
B．The Ways t Keep a Schedule in Life
C．The Keys t Achieving Success in Life
【答案】42．A 43．C 44．C 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了保持日程安排的重要性。
42．推理判断题。根据第一段中“If yu d nt decide hw t spend yur time, yu will likely prcrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nwhere.”（如果你不决定如何度过你的时间，你可能会拖延，分心，一事无成）可推知，没有计划，你可能会一事无成，即无法实现你想要的目标。故选A项。
43．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yu can set bundaries arund yur time fr wrk, rest, learning, health, and mre. This way yu will be free t d what is imprtant t yu.”（你可以为你的工作、休息、学习、健康等设定时间界限。这样你就能自由地做对你重要的事情）可知，如果你为你的时间设定界限，你就能获得更多的自由。故选C项。
44．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Yu can prve yur trustwrthiness (可靠，可信赖) by sticking t a set schedule. Fllwing it can help yu remember the things yu have agreed t d. Yu can als help avid cnflicts by checking yur schedule befre yu make a new prmise.”（你可以通过坚持一个设定的时间表来证明你的可靠性，遵循它可以帮助你记住你已经同意做的事情。你也可以在做出新的承诺之前检查你的时间表，以避免冲突）可推知，计划可以避免冲突，确保你履行承诺，即帮助你维护你的信用。故选C项。
45．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Fllwing a schedule in life is a key element tward yur success.”（在生活中遵循计划是你成功的关键因素）和上下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了保持计划的好处，包括帮助你安排时间、增加自由、提高效率、保护信誉和实现目标等。因此，最适合的标题是“The Benefits f Keeping a Schedule”（保持计划的好处）。故选A项。
L
（2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Mdern technlgy has had a great influence n peple's entertainment chices, making them less creative. D yu agree r disagree with this pinin?
Bearing in mind the likely effects f the mdern technlgy n entertainments n tday's users are imprtant, because it is an issue that is discussed daily nwadays by peple in bth the private and public sectrs (公共部门). Hwever, des the mdern technlgy benefits all aspects f human sciety? Sme peple may answer t the cntrary. As far as I can see, current technlgy is undermining mdern peple's creative ability by prviding individuals srted ways f relaxatin.
The likely effects f mdern technlgy n entertainment fr peple tday are imprtant, because it is an issue that is discussed daily in bth the private and public sectrs. Hwever, des mdern technlgy benefit all aspects f human sciety? Sme peple may answer in the negative. As far as I can see, mdern technlgy undermines peple's creative ability by prviding individuals pre-digested frms f relaxatin.
T begin with , it has been knwn frm the latest resurces that mdern peple prefer t enjy high-tech ways f recreatin. Mre and mre peple frm all wrks feel s pressuarable that they turn t mdern technlgy which is suppsed t be there prviding cnvenient, time-saving and fresh entertainment while fewer and fewer individuals chse t play jigsaws(拼图) r make sme exquisite handicrafts (精美的手工艺品) which is the very things expand their imaginary wrld and make them mre creative in their spare time.
Further mre, mdern peple are mre likely t cunt n current technlgy whether in physilgical r psychlgical. What is meant by this is that plenty f peple fully enjy the entertaining prducts such as, TV, MP3 r internet games high-tech brings t them that they spend lts f time n them withut ding anything else. Cuch-ptat syndrme(典型表现) is ne such example. The mre peple rely n thse mdern entertaining items, the mre pssible that peple frm a negative habitual pinin that these high-tech can d everything fr them, and the less likely peple will be initiative and creative in their life.
It ges withut saying that mdern technlgy d bring us lw-cst, efficient entertaining prducts, and these may initiate sme individuals' inspiratin ccasinally. But that's very limited cmpared t the side effects they give rise t.
In cnclusin, it is very imprtant t knw that it's the creative ability that make ur human sciety prsperus and flurish. Mdern technlgy is just a pwerful tl in the charge f human t benefit ur cnductin.
46．What is the synnym f “undermining”?
A．supprtingB．weakeningC．strengtheningD．building
47．What high-tech entertainment way d peple prefer t enjy accrding t the text?
A．Playing jigsaws.
B．Making exquisite handicrafts.
C．Watching TV, listening t MP3 r playing nline games.
D．Reading bks.
48．Hw des the authr think mdern technlgy affects peple's creativity?
A．By prviding pre-digested frms f relaxatin and reducing peple's imaginatin.
B．By making peple verly dependent n high-tech prducts and making them lazy.
C．By making peple addicted t entertainment and having n time fr creative activities.
D．All f the abve.
49．What is the main idea f the article?
A．Mdern technlgy makes peple's entertainment chices mre diverse.
B．Mdern technlgy has a psitive impact n peple's creativity.
C．Mdern technlgy weakens peple's creativity in sme ways.
D．Mdern technlgy has bth advantages and disadvantages and needs t be treated crrectly.
【答案】46．B 47．C 48．D 49．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是现代技术对人们的娱乐选择产生了巨大影响，使人们的创造力下降。作者认为，尽管现代技术为人们提供了方便、省时且新鲜的娱乐方式，但同时也削弱了人们的创造力。作者强调，创造力是人类社会繁荣和发展的关键，现代技术只是人类手中的一个强大工具，应该正确使用以促进我们的生活。
46．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Hwever, des the mdern technlgy benefits all aspects f human sciety? Sme peple may answer t the cntrary.(然而，现代技术是否惠及人类社会的方方面面？有些人可能会做出相反的回答。)”以及“As far as I can see, current technlgy is undermining mdern peple’s creative ability by prviding individuals srted ways f relaxatin.(在我看来，目前的科技为人们提供了各种各样的放松方式，从而……现代人的创造力。)”可知，很多人认为现代技术是惠及人类的方方面面的，可知作者持有相反的观点，作者认为科技为人类提供了各种各样的放松方式削弱了人们的创造力。故划线词与B选项“weakening(削弱)”为同义词。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据第五段中“What is meant by this is that plenty f peple fully enjy the entertaining prducts such as, TV, MP3 r internet games high-tech brings t them that they spend lts f time n them withut ding anything else. (这意味着很多人充分享受高科技给他们带来的娱乐产品，如电视、MP3或网络游戏，他们花了很多时间在这些产品上，而不做任何其他事情。)”可知，人们更倾向于享受高科技的娱乐方式，如看电视、听MP3或玩在线游戏。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据第三段中“ As far as I can see, mdern technlgy undermines peple’s creative ability by prviding individuals pre-digested frms f relaxatin.(在我看来，现代科技通过为个人提供预先消化的放松方式，削弱了人们的创造力。)”以及第四段中“Mre and mre peple frm all wrks feel s pressuarable that they turn t mdern technlgy which is suppsed t be there prviding cnvenient, time-saving and fresh entertainment while fewer and fewer individuals chse t play jigsaws r make sme exquisite handicrafts which is the very things expand their imaginary wrld and make them mre creative in their spare time.(越来越多的人从所有的工作感到压力，他们转向现代技术，这应该是提供方便，节省时间和新鲜的娱乐，而越来越少的人选择玩拼图或制作一些精美的手工艺品，这是扩大他们的想象世界，使他们在业余时间更有创造力的东西。)”以及第五段中“Further mre, mdern peple are mre likely t cunt n current technlgy whether in physilgical r psychlgical. What is meant by this is that plenty f peple fully enjy the entertaining prducts such as, TV, MP3 r internet games high-tech brings t them that they spend lts f time n them withut ding anything else.( 此外，现代人更倾向于依赖当前的技术，无论是在生理上还是心理上。这意味着很多人充分享受高科技给他们带来的娱乐产品，如电视、MP3或网络游戏，他们花了很多时间在这些产品上，而不做任何其他事情。)”可知，作者认为现代科技通过提供预先消化的放松形式，减少人们的想象力和创造力，并且通过让人们沉迷于娱乐而没有时间进行创造性活动。同时根据第五段中“The mre peple rely n thse mdern entertaining items, the mre pssible that peple frm a negative habitual pinin that these high-tech can d everything fr them, and the less likely peple will be initiative and creative in their life.(人们越依赖这些现代娱乐项目，人们就越有可能形成一种消极的习惯性观点，认为这些高科技可以为他们做一切，人们就越不可能在他们的生活中主动和创造性。)”可知，同时现代科技通过让人们过度依赖高科技产品，让他们变得懒惰，在生活中缺乏主动性和创造性。故选D。
49．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述的是现代技术对人们的娱乐选择产生了巨大影响，使人们的创造力下降。作者认为，尽管现代技术为人们提供了方便、省时且新鲜的娱乐方式，但同时也削弱了人们的创造力。C选项“Mdern technlgy weakens peple’s creativity in sme ways.(现代科技在某些方面削弱了人们的创造力。)”概括文章主要内容。故选C。
M
（2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）Are yu trubled by husewrk, such as cleaning tables r tidying yur rm? D yu need a helping hand? Recently, the rbt Mbile Alha made by scientists at Stanfrd University in the US became ppular nline. In the vides psted, we can see the rbt preparing dishes n its wn. It’s als gd at watering plants, petting cats, cleaning the flr and washing clthes.
Sunds gd? Well, anther vide psted by researchers may disappint sme peple. Mbile Alha isn’t gd at ding husewrk n its wn. Instead, it learns frm human actins befre ding each kind f husewrk. When the situatin changes, it can’t wrk well withut a human “teaching” it. S it may break dishes, bump int (撞上) things and even burn a pt.
The rbt can successfully mve chairs 80 percent f the time, said the team after they did mre research n it. Fr cking dishes, it’s nly 40 percent. In shrt, it’s far frm perfect.
In fact, AI rbts are gd at tasks such as math and playing chess, but they face challenges when it cmes t simpler actins like cleaning. And it’s the same fr Mbile Alha. Fr example, if its bdy desn’t mve crrectly — even just with a small mistake, its arm may mve t far t pick up a glass.
“Rbts are nt ready t take ver the wrld,” the team psted nline.
50．Hw des the writer begin the passage?
A．By making a cmparisn.B．By asking questins.
C．By shwing a finding.D．By imagining a scene.
51．What is the functin f the numbers in Paragraph 3?
A．T shw the latest findings f the team.
B．T prve that rbts can d nthing right.
C．T supprt an pinin that rbts are far frm perfect.
D．T explain the main functin f Mbile Alha is mving chairs.
52．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．The imprtance f rbts t the wrld.B．The latest research n rbts.
C．Sme disadvantages f rbts.D．Sme ways t prduce perfect rbts.
53．In which part f the newspaper can we read the passage?
A．EDUCATION.B．CULTURE.C．PEOPLE.D．TECHNOLOGY.
【答案】50．B 51．C 52．C 53．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了机器人Mbile Alha的功能和缺点。
50．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Are yu trubled by husewrk, such as cleaning tables r tidying yur rm? D yu need a helping hand? Recently, the rbt Mbile Alha made by scientists at Stanfrd University in the US became ppular nline.( 你是否被家务所困扰，比如打扫桌子或整理房间？你需要帮助吗？最近，美国斯坦福大学科学家制造的机器人“Mbile Alha”在网上走红)”可推知，作者是通过提问题的方式来开始这篇文章的。故选B。
51．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The rbt can successfully mve chairs 80 percent f the time, said the team after they did mre research n it. Fr cking dishes, it’s nly 40 percent. In shrt, it’s far frm perfect.(该团队在对其进行了更多研究后表示，该机器人在80%的时间内可以成功移动椅子。做菜的时候，只有40%。简而言之，它远非完美)”可推知，第三段中数字的作用是为了支持机器人远非完美的观点。故选C。
52．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Sunds gd? Well, anther vide psted by researchers may disappint sme peple. Mbile Alha isn’t gd at ding husewrk n its wn. Instead, it learns frm human actins befre ding each kind f husewrk. When the situatin changes, it can’t wrk well withut a human “teaching” it. S it may break dishes, bump int (撞上) things and even burn a pt.(听起来不错吗？研究人员发布的另一段视频可能会让一些人失望。移动阿罗哈不擅长自己做家务。相反，它在做每一种家务之前都会从人类的行为中学习。当情况发生变化时，如果没有人类的“教导”，它就无法很好地工作。所以它可能会打碎盘子，撞到东西，甚至烧到锅)”可知，文章主要讲述了机器人的缺点，如Mbile Alha在做家务时不够熟练，需要人类“教导”，且在做某些任务时成功率较低，表明机器人并不完美。由此可知，本文主要谈论的是机器人的一些缺点。故选C。
53．推理判断题。文章主要讨论了机器人Mbile Alha的功能和缺点，这是关于科技领域的主题。由此推知，我们可以在报纸的“Technlgy”部分读到这篇文章。故选D。
N
（2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）Have yu ever heard f the saying, “Dn’t judge a bk by its cver.”? Well, in Chinese, we have an expressin called “yi ma qu ren”.
Imagine yu meet smene new at schl. They might lk different frm yu in hair, clthes, r lks. It’s imprtant nt t make any judgments abut them just because f hw they lk.
Smetimes, peple make a mistake by judging thers by their lks. They might think smene is mean r unfriendly just because they have a serius face r wear unusual clthes. But what meets the eye isn’t always the truth!
In fact, peple are like bks with many, many pages. We need t read mre and mre pages t understand them. That means getting t knw them, talking t them, and learning abut their interests and persnalities.
Think abut yur best friends. When yu met them at early time, yu might nt have knwn they wuld becme yur best friends. But as yu spent time tgether and gt t knw each ther, yu realized hw amazing they are.
By nt judging peple by their lks, we pen ur hearts t new peple in ur lives. We start t understand and treasure the distinctins between us, like different cultures, backgrunds, and ways f thinking.
S, let’s keep an pen mind and be nice t everyne we meet. Let’s treat thers with kindness and fairness, n matter hw they lk. When we d that, we make a wrld where everyne feels imprtant and accepted fr wh they are. After all, the mst amazing things are hidden—within every ne f us!
54．Hw des the writer begin the text?
A．By listing numbers.B．By shwing a saying.
C．By giving an example.D．By making an expectatin.
55．Which wrd is clse in meaning t the underlined wrd “distinctins”?
A．Cultures.B．Differences.C．Successes.D．Advantages.
56．Hw shuld we treat thers accrding t the writer?
A．With a happy mind.B．With a serius face.
C．With kindness and fairness.D．With sme dubts.
57．Which can be a prper title fr the text?
A．Try t Read Mre BksB．Try t Understand Others Better
C．Dn’t Be Unfriendly t OthersD．Dn’t Judge Peple by Their Lks
【答案】54．B 55．B 56．C 57．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。它通过讨论和阐述“不要以貌取人”的观点，强调了不应仅仅根据外貌来评判他人，而应通过更深入的了解来认识和理解他人。
54．推理判断题。根据第一段“Have yu ever heard f the saying, “Dn’t judge a bk by its cver.”? Well, in Chinese, we have an expressin called “yi ma qu ren”.(你听说过“不要以貌取人”这句话吗？嗯，在中文里，我们有一个表达叫做“以貌取人”)”可知，作者是通过展示一种说法开始文章的。故选B项。
55．词句猜测题。根据后文“like different cultures, backgrunds, and ways f thinking.(比如不同的文化、背景和思维方式)”可知，此处是举例说明，人与人之间的不同，所以应是“开始理解并珍惜我们之间的区别”之意，推知distinctins应是“区别”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。
56．细节理解题。根据最后一段“S, let’s keep an pen mind and be nice t everyne we meet. Let’s treat thers with kindness and fairness, n matter hw they lk. When we d that, we make a wrld where everyne feels imprtant and accepted fr wh they are.(所以，让我们保持开放的心态，善待我们遇到的每一个人。让我们善待和公平地对待他人，不管他们看起来如何。当我们这样做的时候，我们创造了一个每个人都觉得自己很重要并被接受的世界)”可知，根据作者的观点，我们应该用善良和公平对待他人。故选C项。
57．主旨大意题。根据根据第一段“Have yu ever heard f the saying, “Dn’t judge a bk by its cver.”? Well, in Chinese, we have an expressin called “yi ma qu ren”.(你听说过“不要以貌取人”这句话吗？嗯，在中文里，我们有一个表达叫做“以貌取人”)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了“不要以貌取人”的观点，强调了不应仅仅根据外貌来评判他人，而应通过更深入的了解来认识和理解他人，所以D项“Dn’t Judge Peple by Their Lks(不要以貌取人)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
O
（2023高二下·黑龙江佳木斯·学业考试）Cmmunicatin is a prblem fr parents and children f all ages. If it’s hard fr yu t cmmunicate with yur parents, dn’t wrry abut it. Here is sme advice fr yu.
Dn’t argue with yur parents. Dn’t try t talk abut smething with yur parents when yu are angry. Yur parents prbably wn’t listen t yu if yu are shuting at them. G smewhere else t cl ff. Then think abut what yu want t say t yur parents. If yu think yu can’t speak t them at the mment, try writing a letter t them.
Try t understand yur parents. Yur parents may think differently frm yu. Tell yur parents what yu think, what yu care abut and why. Perhaps yu and yur parents disagree n smething. Put yurself in their shes and yu may find a better way ut.
Michael’s mther didn’t agree with him abut buying a mtrcycle. They argued ver it. But they finally came t an agreement. Michael bught the mtrcycle, but nly drve it n certain days.
It is als imprtant t shw yur lve t yur parents. Try t d sme small things at hme, like making them a cup f tea, helping d sme chres, and s n. It helps t keep yur relatinship clser. A gd relatinship with yur parents can make yu a better and happier persn. It is wrth having a try.
58．The passage mainly talks abut the cmmunicatin prblem between ________.
A．parents and schl teachers
B．schl kids and their parents
C．teachers and their students
D．parents and children f all ages
59．Yur parents prbably wn’t listen t yu if yu dn’t ________.
A．shw yur lve t themB．ften stay with them
C．speak t them plitelyD．d chres fr them
60．The stry f Micheal shws that it’s imprtant t ________.
A．understand each ther
B．stay away frm yur parents
C．argue with each ther
D．disagree with yur parents
61．Ding sme small things at hme can make yur parents feel that ________.
A．yu are happyB．yu lve themC．yu like chresD．yu are relaxed
62．Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A．It’s certainly necessary t shw yur lve t yur parents.
B．It’s hard fr all the teenagers t cmmunicate with their parents.
C．Think it ver befre yu want t talk t yur parents abut smething.
D．Put yurself in yur parents’ shes and yu may find sme gd ways t cmmunicate with yur parents.
【答案】58．D 59．C 60．A 61．B 62．B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了一个普遍性问题，即，父母和各个年龄段的孩子之间的沟通问题，并提出了一些建议。
58．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容“Cmmunicatin is a prblem fr parents and children f all ages. If it’s hard fr yu t cmmunicate with yur parents, dn’t wrry abut it. Here is sme advice fr yu.(沟通对父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说都是一个问题。如果你和父母沟通有困难，不要担心。这是给你的一些建议。)”可知，这篇文章主要讨论了父母和各个年龄段的孩子之间的沟通问题。故选D项。
59．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Yur parents prbably wn’t listen t yu if yu are shuting at them.(如果你对父母大喊大叫，他们可能不会听你的。)”可知，当你对父母大喊大叫，用不礼貌的方式沟通时，父母可能不会听你讲话。故选C项。
60．推理判断题。分析前后文语境可知，Micheal的例子“Michael’s mther didn’t agree with him abut buying a mtrcycle. They argued ver it. But they finally came t an agreement. Michael bught the mtrcycle, but nly drve it n certain days.(Micheal的母亲不同意他买摩托车。他们为此争论起来。但他们最终达成了协议。Micheal买了摩托车，但只在特定的日子里开。)”中讲到了“Micheal与母亲在买摩托车方面发生了矛盾，而最终相互有了协议，使事情达成”，因此可知，这是为了作为举例论证前一段提到的论点“Try t understand yur parents.(努力理解你的父母。)”，“Put yurself in their shes and yu may find a better way ut.(设身处地为他们想想，你可能会找到更好的出路。)”。由此可推知，该例子是为了表明子女和父母相互理解的重要性。故选A项。
61．细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“It is als imprtant t shw yur lve t yur parents. Try t d sme small things at hme, like making them a cup f tea, helping d sme chres, and s n.(向父母表达你的爱也很重要。尽力在家里做一些小事情，比如给他们泡杯茶，帮他们做一些家务等等。)”可知，在家里做一些小事情可以让父母感受到你对他们的爱。故选B项。
62．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Cmmunicatin is a prblem fr parents and children f all ages.(沟通对父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说都是一个问题。)”可知，文中讲到沟通困难这一问题存在于父母和所有年龄段的孩子，即，这是一个普遍性的问题，但并非说“所有的青少年都很难与父母沟通”这一含义。因此，B项“It’s hard fr all the teenagers t cmmunicate with their parents.(所有的青少年都很难与父母沟通。)”表述错误。故选B项。
目录
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc180577055" 明晰学考要求 PAGEREF _Tc180577055 \h 1
\l "_Tc180577056" 基础知识梳理 PAGEREF _Tc180577056 \h 1
\l "_Tc180577057" 考点精讲讲练2
\l "_Tc180577058" 考点一：细节理解题2
\l "_Tc180577059" 考点二：推理判断题3
\l "_Tc180577060" 考点三：词义猜测题4
\l "_Tc180577061" 考点四：主旨大意题5
\l "_Tc180577063" 实战能力训练 PAGEREF _Tc180577063 \h 13
同义替换
指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lse ne's jb换成了be ut f wrk。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把imprtant变换成f imprtance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。
信息归纳
用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。
正话反说
把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
原文原词
利用原文原词作为正确选项。
张冠李戴
是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。
无中生有
符合常识，但不是文章的内容。
曲解文意
与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。
颠倒是非
在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。
正误参半
部分正确，部分错误。