备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第一部分 过透教材 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第一部分 过透教材 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（Word版附解析），共22页。
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. disaster n.灾难；灾害
2. fld n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
3. rescue n.& vt.营救；救援
4. damage vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失
5. destry vt.摧毁；毁灭
6. shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避（风雨或危险）
7. ruin n.& vt.破坏；毁坏
8. percent n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
9. trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
10. bury vt.埋葬；安葬
11. effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
12. supply n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给
13. pwer n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
14. calm adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静
15. aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助
16. crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞
17. sweep vt.& vi. 打扫；清扫
18. wave n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt. 挥手；招手
19. strike vi.& vt.（过去式 struck ；过去分词 struck ）侵袭；突击；击打；撞 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
20. summary n. 总结；概括；概要
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. die vi.死；死亡→ death n.死；死亡→ dead adj.死的→ deadly adj.致命的；极度的；十足的
2. affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动→ affectin n.感情；喜爱
3. shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.（使）震惊→ shcking adj.令人震惊的→ shcked adj.震惊的
4. electricity n.电；电能→ electric adj.带电的；电动的→ electrical adj.与电有关的
5. breath n.呼吸→ breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→ breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
6. wise adj. 充满智慧的；明智的；英明的→ wisdm n. 智慧；才智→ wisely adv. 明智地
7. suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦→ suffering n.折磨；苦难；痛苦→ sufferer n.患病者；受难者
8. erupt vi.& vt.（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出→ eruptin n.喷发
9. survive vi. 生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→ survival n.幸存；幸存事物→ survivr n.幸存者
10. deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→ delivery n.传送；递送；演讲方式
11. effect n.影响；结果；效果→ effective adj.有效的 → effectively adv.有效地
12. lng adj.长的→ length n.长；长度→ lengthen vt.& vi（使）变长
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.drught n. 旱灾；久旱
2.slide vi.& vt. （使）滑行；滑动
3.helicpter n. 直升机
4.crack n. 裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt. （使）破裂
5.brick n. 砖；砖块
6.metal n. 金属
7.revive vt.& vi. 复活；（使）苏醒
8.unify vi.& vt. 统一；（使）成一体
9.cntext n. 上下文；语境；背景
10.vlcan n. 火山
11.typhn n. 台风
12.hurricane n. （尤指西大西洋的）飓风
13.tap vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n. 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
14.pipe n. 管子；管道
15.whistle vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声 vt. 吹口哨 n. 哨子（声）；呼啸声
16.emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况
17.kit n. 成套工具；成套设备
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
2. fall dwn 跌倒；倒塌
3. carry ut 执行；实施；贯彻；完成
4.in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
5.in shck 震惊；吃惊
6.dig ut 挖掘出；发现
7.cme t an end 结束；终结
8.in the pen air 露天；在户外
9.n hand 现有（尤指帮助）
10.sweep away 消灭；彻底消除
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end ！（as if引导的表语从句）
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
2.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.（be ding ... when ...）
我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，这时水开始灌入屋内。
3.Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat ， and dgs refused t g inside buildings.（）
鸡甚至连猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。
4.Sn after the quakes， the army sent 150，000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.（thse wh...）
地震刚刚过去，部队便派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众挖出，并掩埋死者。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.We set ut t g travelling with excitement， but the bad weather ruined （破坏） ur trip.
2.Since ancient times， strytelling has been a way t share and pass n wisdm （智慧）.
3.When a heavy rain caused flds in the area， many vlunteers delivered （递送） fd and water t give a helping hand.
4.He has had t bury （掩藏） his pain ver the years s as nt t make his parents wrried.
5.N ne was injured in the explsin， but the building was cmpletely destryed .
6.It suddenly strikes me that I still we yu 20 dllars.
7.He fund a hiding place as a shelter frm the vilent strm.
8.Althugh Rsemary had been suffering frm a serius illness fr years， she lst nne f her enthusiasm fr life.
9.Hearing the bad news，he tk a few deep breaths t calm himself dwn.
10.Seeing the drwning girl， I jumped int the water immediately， tk her t the bank and gave her first aid .
11.The electricity and water supplies have been cut ff after the big earthquake in the twn.
12.Many students were trapped by smke and fire n an upper flr.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Peple suffered a lt in the earthquake， and fd and water delivery （deliver） culdn’t reach the area， which added t their suffering（s） （suffer）.
2.This desk is three times the length f that ne， s it is lng enugh and needn’t be lengthened . （lng）
3.It was shcking that Li Ming lst the ftball match yesterday， and all his fans were als in shck . But what made them even mre shcked was that he didn’t care abut it at all. （shck）
4.Jack seldm makes mistakes and makes almst every decisin wisely . We all think he is a man full f wisdm ，but accrding t him，it’s all thanks t reading widely. （wise）
5.The new traffic rule will cme int effect next year and is expected t reduce traffic jams effectively . Hwever， there are still sme peple wh dubt whether the rule will be effective .（effect）
6.An earthquake struck this city weeks ag， causing hundreds f peple’s death . Peple frm ther prvinces came t ffer help， burying the dead and cmfrting thse wh lst their hmes. Fr lng，the area was cvered with deadly/dead silence.（die）
7.Climbing was indeed a hard jb.We were breathless halfway up the muntain and had t stp.Tw hurs later， we reached the tp and culdn’t help taking a deep breath t breathe in the fresh air！（breath）
8.Jack is ne f thse survivrs wh （have）survived the fld. He tld us his survival was wing t the help frm a stranger.（survive）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
cme t an end carry ut as if sweep away
in ruins in shck n hand in the pen air
1.Chinese peple usually clean their huse befre the Lunar New Year， as they believe in this way the bad luck f the next year will be swept away .
2.Years f war have left the area in ruins .
3.Bth f them want their dispute t cme t an end ， but neither is willing t give in.
4.Seeing the city after the quake at the time， she says she was in shck .
5.D yu think it is imprtant t carry ut research n whales and ther sea creatures？
6.Whether their wedding ceremny will be held in the pen air tmrrw depends n the weather.
7.I have s much wrk n hand that I dn’t have time t g t the cinema.
8.The seemingly wrried man tk tw steps frward， and then lked back as if he were waiting fr smething t happen.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.他英语说得非常好，好像在英国居住了很多年似的。（as if引导的状语从句）
He spke English perfectly as if he had lived in the UK fr many years .
2.上周一，我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。（be ）
Last Mnday， I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an ld man fall ff his bicycle.
3.我吓呆了，害怕得不敢移动一步。（）
I frze with terrr， t scared t mve an inch.
4.陷入这样的危机加强了来自世界上不同地区的人们之间的联系。（thse wh...）
T be caught up in such a crisis strengthens the bnds between thse wh cme frm different parts f the wrld .
Natural disasters， like drught， fld， typhns， and earthquakes， are becming mre frequent nwadays. All have bad effects n humans’ life， making us suffer frm terrible injuries and serius damage. The Tangshan earthquake in 1976 shcked the wrld then — abut 90 percent f the hmes in the city were destryed， and electricity was hard t get because pwer was cut ff. A large city lay in ruins. Millins f peple were affected and had t face death. It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end. Thankfully， 150，000 sldiers were sent t start rescue wrk. They dug ut thse wh were trapped， buried the dead and built shelters fr thse wh survived the disaster. The tireless effrts paid ff. Slwly， the city began t breathe again.
In this fight， humans shwed great curage and wisdm. And what we learned frm the disaster is t keep first aid kit n hand in case f emergency. When a disaster strikes a place， it’s usually difficult t deliver fd and supplies within a shrt time， but as lng as we stay calm， psitive and united， n disaster will defeat us.
1 affect vt. 影响；感动； （疾病）侵袭；使感染
1.Unluckily， he was affected （affect） with a serius illness， which made his parents deeply cncerned.
2.We must take effective measures t prevent the area frm being affected （affect） by drught.
3.总的来说，英文报Yuth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。（短文投稿）
In summary， the English newspaper Yuth affects me greatly或has a great effect/impact/influence n/upn me . I’m ften deeply affected by cuntless mving stries in the newspaper.
2 shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.（使）震惊 （amaze， surprise， astnish）
1.This is ne f the mst shcking （shck） weather events I’ve ever witnessed.
2.I was shcked t hear （hear） the news that an earthquake happened in Sichuan Prvince， killing mre than ne hundred peple.
3.Every staff member was in shck when hearing they wuld take a test n Sunday instead f having a picnic.
介词in和许多表示情绪的名词搭配使用时，可用来描写人物的心情，如in surprise/amazement（惊讶地），in fear/hrrr（惊恐地）等。
4.Peter wrked hard in the cmpany and wn praise frm his bss and clleagues， but his name was n the lay-ff（裁员） list. This gave him a shck/This made him shcked/This was shcking news fr him/This came as a shck t him . （情景续写）
3 bury vt.埋葬；安葬
1.[译林选必②－4]The time capsule， buried （bury）50 feet belw the grund in a park， was designed t be pened in the year 6939.
2.听到自己的家人被埋在废墟之下，他双手掩面，忍不住哭了出来。（读后续写之情绪描写）
Hearing that his family were buried in ruins ， he buried his face in his hands and culdn’t hld back his tears.
3.Fcusing n what he was ding， he didn’t even ntice it was getting dark utside.
→ Burying himself in /Buried in what he was ding ， he didn’t even ntice it was getting dark utside.（用bury改写画线部分）
4 effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
1.[人教必修③－4]As a result，space-based science has helped farming in its effrts t grw （grw） enugh fd t feed Earth’s increasing ppulatin.
2.As a senir high schl student， yu must make effrts/make an effrt t imprve the necessary cmmunicatin skills （努力提高必要的沟通技巧）and develp critical and independent thinking. （建议信）
3.We’d better try ur best t prepare urselves fr tmrrw s that we can have a bright future.
→We’d better make every effrt/spare n effrt t prepare urselves fr tmrrw s that we can have a bright future.（用effrt升级画线部分）
4.学生应该专心学习。毕竟没有人能毫不费力地通过所有考试。（apply， effrt）
Students are suppsed t apply themselves t studying. After all，nbdy can pass all the exams withut effrt.
apply neself t （ding） sth. 勤奋工作；努力学习
5 suffer vt.遭受，蒙受 vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
1.It is shcking t see the patient suffering/suffer frm pverty and diseases and we all want t d smething t help this sufferer ut f his suffering（s） .（suffer）
2.Studies shw that if peple always sit befre cmputer screens fr lng hurs， they will have back prblems frm which they will suffer in the rest f their life.
本题中，back prblems后面是"介词＋which"引导的定语从句。suffer frm"遭受；患病"，是固定搭配，此处介词frm提前了。
3.虽然自然灾难可能会使我们遭受极大的痛苦，但我坚信只要我们守望相助，必能战胜灾难。（读后续写之主旨升华）
Althugh natural disasters may make us suffer great pains ， I firmly believe that we can vercme the disasters thrugh helping and supprting each ther.
6 supply n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
1.In the earthquake-stricken area，dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make it difficult t deliver fd supplies （supply）.
此处表示"运送食物"，supply在此表示"补给品"，通常要用复数形式。当supply表示"供应，供给"时，为不可数名词，如：electricity supply电力供应，water supply供水。
2.Many parents in China are always making every effrt t prvide their children with the best educatin.
→①Many parents in China are always making every effrt t supply their children with the best educatin/supply the best educatin t their children . （supply）
→②Many parents in China are always making every effrt t ffer their children the best educatin/ffer the best educatin t their children .（ffer）
7 survive vi.生存，存活，继续存在 vt.幸存；艰难度过
1.After the fld， peple were suffering in that area， wh urgently needed clean water， medicine and shelter fr survival （survive）.
2.Mr. Green was the nly survivr （survive）in the earthquake. He tld us he survived n a bttle f water.
3.没有海洋，任何生物都无法生存，包括人类。（环境保护）
Withut the cean， n living things wuld survive， including humans.
8 pwer n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
3.[人教选必①－4]Scientists have fund that when we feel prud and pwerful ， we usually straighten up t make urselves bigger. By cntrast， when we feel pwerless ， we tend t slump， making urselves smaller.（pwer）
4.如果你有任何问题，尽管来找我。我会竭尽全力帮助你。（建议信）
If yu have any prblems， just turn t me. I’ll d everything in my pwer t help yu .
5.发生在他朋友身上的事使他惊呆了，他一句话也说不出来。（读后续写之神态描写）
He was s shcked by what happened t his friends that he lst the pwer f speech .
9 as if/as thugh 仿佛，好像，似乎
1.[译林选必①－3]When yu lk at the painting， it is as if yu were （be） abut t crss the bridge and enter anther wrld.
2.[外研选必②－3]Childhd memries came back t me s clearly， as if the events had happened （happen） nly yesterday.
3.I was dminated by an verwhelming sense f excitement and pride at his wrds， and my feet， as if rted （rt） t the grund， culdn’t mve a bit.（读后续写之情感描写）
as if/as thugh引导状语从句时，若主从句主语一致，且从句谓语为be动词，那么从句的主语和be动词可以省略，构成"as if/as thugh＋形容词/名词/介词短语/分词/不定式"。本题中，as if引导的完整从句为：as if my feet were rted t the grund。
4.她紧张地捂住张大的嘴巴，觉得心好像要跳出来了。（读后续写之情感描写）
She nervusly cvered her wide-pened muth， feeling as if/as thugh her heart wuld jump ut .（现在分词作状语）
10 be ding sth. when... 正在做某事，这时突然……
1.The ld wman was walking （walk）cautiusly n the icy pavement when her feet slipped and she fell ver.（读后续写之动作描写）
2.[译林选必②－1]I was abut t have （have）a bath when I heard peple screaming and dgs barking.
3.She had just finished her hmewrk when her mther asked her t practise the pian.
4.我正在担心如何说服她接受我的建议，这时我突然想到了一个好主意。（persuade，strike）（读后续写之心理描写）
I was wrrying abut hw t persuade her t accept my advice when a gd idea struck me.
词根-fect-
从[构词示例]中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。
1.[北师选必①－3]It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all ther species n Earth， including animals and plants.
2.[译林选必②－3]Burns damage skin， which can lead t infectin and ther health prblems.
3.[人教必修②－5]As it turned ut， there was n need t be nervus because all my hard wrk paid ff and I played perfectly .
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Besides， wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n/upn Jaramill’s special educatin students， many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues.
该句中含有"many f＋关系代词"引导的定语从句，先行词为students。句意：此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramill的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。
2.[2022全国乙]It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media，but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain （sustain）.
3.[2021天津]Life withut art wuld be bring and dead （die）still， fr art is a part f what makes us human.
此处dead是副词，意为"完全地，全然地"， 相当于cmpletely。still为形容词，意为"静止的"。
4.[2020浙江]The traffic signals alng Factria Bulevard in Bellevue， Washingtn， generally dn’t flash the same length （lng）f green twice in a rw， especially at rush hur.
5.[2020北京]Tm has since reprted the shcking （shck） findings t the gvernment in an attempt t emphasise that babies are at higher risk f develping asthma（哮喘）.
6.[2020江苏]Later， he wrked in Africa， where many peple suffered frm blindness fr lack f prper treatment.
7.[北京高考]A rescue wrker risked his life saving tw turists wh had been trapped （trap）in the muntains fr tw days.
句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救了两名被困山中两天的游客。根据句意可知，trap这个动作发生在risked之前，所以此处为过去的过去，应用过去完成时，且tw turists与trap之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。trap的过去分词形式应双写p再加-ed。
8.[北京高考]When they returned t Rckaway the next day， they fund their neighbrhd in ruins （ruin）.
9.[江苏高考]At the Beijing Olympics she swept （sweep） away any dubts abut her ability t perfrm cnsistently by becming the first Jamaican wman ever t win the 100 metres Olympic gld.
根据时间状语At the Beijing Olympics可知，此处应用一般过去时。sweep away dubts表示"消除怀疑"，句中的Jamaican wman因为有序数词修饰，其后用不定式ever t 作后置定语。句意：在北京奥运会上，她成为第一位获得奥运会100米金牌的牙买加女子，消除了人们对她一贯表现能力的怀疑。
10.[全国Ⅲ]Just befre September， Miller was struck （strike）by a car and lst his right arm.
Ⅱ.阅读理解—— 一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. v.大量送至，挤满B. n.大量
C. v. 大量涌入D. v.淹没
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t visiting Chinese zkeepers wh ften cme t check n the pandas， which are n lan frm China. B
②[2023全国甲]Ask the turists frm arund the wrld that fld int Yellwstne Natinal Park what they mst hpe t see， and their answer is ften the same： a grizzly bear. C
③[浙江高考]But when he finally reached her， the wman flded him with questins： "Wh are yu？ What antique shp？" A
④[江苏高考]Rezwan is creating flating cnnectivity（连接） t replace flded rads and highways. D
fld在③作动词，其本质含义是t send sth. smewhere in large numbers。常用被动形式be flded with， be flded with在某种程度上相当于be full f/be filled with/be crwded with等。
2.
A. 侵袭B. 给（某人以……）印象
C. 达成（协议）D. 猛地意识到
①[2021新高考Ⅰ]The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly — s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call. C
②[2021全国乙]His cmment struck me as strange. B
③[2020北京]But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn’t truly grasp any f the skills the authr described. D
④[北京高考]On the 20th f that mnth， Dr. Welch examined a sick by， Billy， and knew he had diphtheria， a deadly infectius（传染的） disease mainly affecting children. The children f Nme wuld be helpless if it struck the twn. A
3.[2021天津]Gd evening， everybdy. Prfessr King will be delivering his lecture in a mment， but let me intrduce him first. v.发表
4.[北京高考]Tw mre ran t get the schl nurse， wh brught a defibrillatr， an electrnic device（器械） that can shck the heart back int wrk. v.使受电击
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——自然灾害
过去几年，世界各地频发地震、洪水、飓风、沙尘暴等自然灾害，给人们的生产、生活造成极大的损失。假如你是李华，请你给某英文报刊"人与自然"专栏写一篇短文，要点包括：
1.描述自然灾害的现象和后果；
2.分析自然灾害频发的原因；
3.提出关于减少自然灾害的建议。
◎写作要点
1.在过去的几年里，发生了各种各样的自然灾害，比如地震、沙尘暴、洪水，给人类造成了严重的损失。（disaster，damage）
Over the past few years， there have been varius natural disasters， such as earthquakes， sandstrms， flds， causing severe damage t human beings.
2.无数的房屋变成废墟，大量农田被破坏，数百万人遭受了巨大的经济损失。（in ruins，destry，suffer）
Cuntless huses were in ruins， numerus fields were destryed， and millins f peple suffered great ecnmic lsses.
3.人口的快速增长对自然产生了不良影响，因为更多的人意味着地球上更多资源的供应。（effect，supply）
The rapid ppulatin grwth has a negative effect n nature， since mre peple mean larger supplies f resurces n earth.
4.人们缺乏环保意识，使得自然界的突发事件越来越频繁。（emergency）
Peple lack the awareness f envirnmental prtectin， making the emergencies f nature mre frequent.
5.我们应该尽一切努力保持人与自然之间的平衡。（effrt）
We’re suppsed t make every effrt t keep the balance between humans and nature.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Over the past few years，there have been varius natural disasters， such as earthquakes， sandstrms， flds， causing severe damage t human beings. Thus，cuntless huses were in ruins， numerus fields were destryed， and millins f peple suffered great ecnmic lsses.
There are several factrs cntributing t these disasters. First， the rapid ppulatin grwth has a negative effect n nature， since mre peple mean larger supplies f resurces n earth. What’s mre， peple lack the awareness f envirnmental prtectin， making the emergencies f nature mre frequent.
In my pinin， we’re suppsed t make every effrt t keep the balance between humans and nature. Only in this way can we humans survive with ur planet Earth.
写作二 读后续写——情感描写之惊讶与震惊
一、阅读理解
A
[自然灾害/2024天星原创]Yellwstne Natinal Park withdrew mre than 10，000 visitrs after flash flds hit the park. Huses， rads and bridges were washed away， and the park’s gateway cmmunities were cut ff frm rads. Even as scientists and land managers are shcked by the severe flds， unseen in 100 years f recrded histry， they recgnize the similarities t the events their data predicted. They just didn’t expect them t ccur this year.
While it will take mre research t cnfirm if climate change made this fld event mre extreme， the2021 Greater Yellwstne Climate Assessment predicts significant changes in precipitatin（降水）， including when it will arrive and what frm it will take. Scientists expect mre spring rain and less winter snw. The assessment als predicts increasing annual precipitatin in Yellwstne Natinal Park.
Changes have been already dcumented in the assessment. Since 1950， spring precipitatin in the regin has increased by 17 percent in April and 23 percent in May. Snwfall has dwindled even thugh verall annual precipitatin has increased. That means rather than a slw release f meltwater t valleys during the summer mnths， rainfall tends t cmbine with melting snw， causing riskier events like the recent fld.
June precipitatin this year is nw at mre than 400 percent abve average in the parts f Mntana and Wyming that include Yellwstne. And as temperatures rise， these rain-n-snw events are prjected t becme mre frequent at higher elevatins（海拔） in western Nrth America， while lwer snwpack will make them less frequent at lw elevatins.
Bruce Stein， chief scientist f the Natinal Wildlife Federatin， said several years befre， when he trained Yellwstne emplyees fr climate planning， they fcused n the features that drew visitrs t the park — like bisn and wlves. Rads， bridges， and huses getting washed away were ut f their cnsideratin. "I think it’s urgent and necessary fr the park t lk ahead t plan fr different situatins that culd pssibly happen as the climate changes，" said Stein.
本文是说明文，主要讲述了黄石国家公园遭遇百年不遇的洪水以及洪水产生的可能原因。
【词语积累】 withdraw v.使撤离 assessment n.评价，评估 dcument v.记录，记载（详情） snwpack n.积雪
【熟词生义】 1.flash常用义：v.（使）闪耀，闪光 n.闪光，闪光灯 文中义：adj.突发的
2.prject常用义：n.项目，方案，工程 文中义：v.预测，预计，推想
【长难句解读】 While it will take mre research t cnfirm （ if climate change made this fld event mre extreme），
While引导的让步状语从句，其中包含一个if引导的宾语从句
the 2021 Greater Yellwstne Climate Assessment predicts significant changes in precipitatin
主语 谓语 宾语（significant ),
（降水），including（when it will arrive） and （what frm it will take）.
其中including后接两个并列的宾语从句
译文：虽然需要更多的研究来确认气候变化是否使这次洪水事件更加极端，但《2021大黄石地区气候评估报告》预测了降水的显著变化，包括降水的到来时间和形式。
1.What can we learn abut the flds？
A. They were the mst destructive in histry.
B. They had been predicted with certainty.
C. They were wrsened by changes in climate.
D. They were partly in line with scientists’ expectatin.
解析 D 细节理解题。由第一段中的"they recgnize the similarities t the events their data year"可知，洪灾与科学家们的预测是部分一致的，故选D。
2. What des the underlined wrd "dwindled" in paragraph 3 mean？
A. Varied.B. Balanced.
C. Dubled.D. Declined.
解析 D 词义猜测题。由even thugh和has increased可推知，画线词意为"减少"，故选D。
3. What des Stein think the park shuld d next？
A. Take preventative measures.
B. Rebuild damaged structures.
C. Fcus n its attractive features.
D. Receive training in climate planning.
解析 A 推理判断题。由最后一段的"I think it’s urgent and necessary fr the park ... as the climate changes"可知，Stein认为黄石国家公园必须向前看，为气候变化可能引发的不同情况做好计划，这是非常紧迫和必要的。也就是说，黄石国家公园应该做到防患于未然，故选A。
4. What is the best title fr the text？
A. Yellwstne area： Is it mre at risk f fld？
B. Yellwstne flding： Why des it happen nw？
C. Climate planning： Why is it imprtant t Yellwstne？
D. Climate change： Des it mean mre rain fr Yellwstne？
解析 B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了黄石国家公园遭遇百年不遇的洪水及洪水产生的可能原因，B项更好地概括了文章的内容，做文章标题最佳。
B
[2023山东二模]It was a lng weekend in May 2018 and my partner Gabe Rsescu and I were taking a rad trip t g t Nelsn， British Clumbia and spend sme time with ur friends. It was ur first trip tgether.
At arund 5：30 p.m. n Thursday， May 17， we were driving abut 11 miles west f Crestn， n a steep muntain rad knwn as the Crwsnest Highway. I was texting updates t my family and enjying the view. We weren’t aware that there had recently been flding in the area. When I lked up frm my phne， I saw a wave f mud and a huge tree cming dwn the muntain， right in frnt f Gabe’s car. He tried t stp， but it was t late. The mudslide sent ur car falling nearly 300 meters dwn a rcky cliff （悬崖） and ur car landed n its side amng sme trees.
I didn’t knw hw lng we were uncnscius. But the bdy is an amazing thing， and smehw we were bth able t crawl（爬） ut f the crashed car. We had n phne signal， s all we culd d was shut fr help. After just a few minutes， we heard smene call back. Fur passers-by sptted us and came t ur rescue. When the emergency medical technicians finally gt t ur side， they laded us int separate ambulances. I was in the hspital fr a week and a half， but they kept Gabe fr six weeks. I was tld I wuld walk with a limp（跛行） fr the rest f my life； Gabe permanently lst the visin in his left eye.
Befre all this happened， we were happy-g-lucky peple. We’re even mre sanguine nw. We lk at everything differently. Despite the injuries we suffered， we’re grateful that we’re still living a pretty gd life.
本文是记叙文，主要讲述了作者与Gabe在开车去看朋友的路上遭遇泥流，被冲下悬崖，最终获救并积极面对人生的故事。
【词语积累】 cme t sb.’s rescue前来营救某人 happy-g-lucky adj.无忧无虑的，乐天派的，逍遥自在的
【熟词生义】 1.update常用义：v.更新，使现代化 文中义：n.最新消息，最新进展
2.wave常用义：n.海浪，波浪，波涛 文中义：n.涌现的事物
3.send常用义：v.邮寄，发送 文中义：v.使快速（或猛然）移动
1. Why did the authr and Gabe g t Nelsn？
A. T g sightseeing.
B. T visit their friends.
C. T jin in a rad trip.
D. T lk fr adventure.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第一段中的"Gabe Rsescu and I were taking a rad trip ... with ur friends"可知，作者和Gabe开车去Nelsn是为了与朋友共度时光，即拜访朋友，故B项正确。
2. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut？
A. Hw the trip was planned.
B. Which rads they kept t.
C. Hw the accident happened.
D. What culd be seen n the way.
解析 C 段落大意题。通读第二段的内容可知，本段主要交代了事故发生的时间、地点、原因和结果，故C项（事故是怎样发生的）最能概括段落的主要内容。
3. What can we learn abut the authr and Gabe？
A. They bth lst their phnes.
B. They were bth seriusly injured.
C. They tried their best t keep cnscius.
D. They were sent t hspital by passers-by.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第三段中的"I was in the hspital fr a week and a half... lst the visin in his left eye"可知，作者余生都要一瘸一拐地走路，而Gabe的左眼则永久性失明。由此可知，作者和Gabe都受伤很严重，故B项正确。
4. Which f the fllwing can best explain the underlined wrd "sanguine" in paragraph 4？
A. Optimistic.B. Frtunate.
C. Adventurus.D. Cautius.
解析 A 词义猜测题。由最后一段中的"Befre all this happened， we were happy-g-lucky peple"可知，作者他们之前是乐天派。再结合画线词前的"even mre"和后面的"We lk at everything differently... we’re grateful that we’re still living a pretty gd life"可知，画线词所在句表示"现在我们更加乐观了"，故选A。
二、完形填空
[志愿服务/2024天星原创]Jim McIngvale watched in hrrr as Hurricane Ida made landfall， hitting Luisiana. Fr him， it 1 ne thing： Time t "get in the game". McIngvale， wh wns Gallery Furniture in Hustn， quickly called fr 2 f necessities like fd and water. Then he and his wrkers 3 every truck t take them t Luisiana.
"Luisiana 4 t us Hustnians during Hurricane Harvey， s 5 ， it’s the right thing t d t help ur neighbrs，" McIngvale said. He als pened his furniture shwrm t 6 many families.
Ana Lee is amng thse wh were 7 t the strm. She drve t Gallery Furniture after being tld abut McIngvale’s 8 . "I was warmly received，" Lee said. "It’s a 9 t meet smebdy like him."
Peple wh lined up t help ut said they did s after 10 watching McIngvale help thse in need. Chris Ogle was ne f them 11 by McIngvale. He helped putting 12 nt trucks after giving away sme bttled water t the 13 . He said， "If yu knew McIngvale， yu wuldn’t be 14 by the lng lines f peple waiting t cntribute. 15 ， this was nt the first time he had helped. He had vlunteered t ffer help many times after natural disasters."
Jim McIngvale在得知路易斯安那州遭遇飓风侵袭之后，积极参与了对当地受灾居民的援助。在他的影响下，许多人积极参与其中。
【熟词生义】 effrt 常用义：n.努力，艰难的尝试 文中义：n.有组织的活动
1. A. meantB. prved
C. stressedD. affected
解析 A 飓风"艾达"袭击路易斯安那州，于他而言，意味着（meant）一件事——是时候行动了。
2. A. allcatinsB. preparatins
C. distributinsD. dnatins
解析 D 由下文中的"necessities like fd and water" "giving away sme bttled water"和"waiting t cntribute"可知，D项符合语境。allcatin划拨的款项，分配的东西；preparatin准备工作；distributin分配；dnatin捐赠物，捐赠。
3. A. checkedB. emptied
C. ladedD. cleaned
解析 C 此处说的是把物资装到卡车上，故选C项。lad表示"（把大量……）装上，装入"。
4. A. came upB. made up
C. stuck utD. reached ut
解析 D 在飓风"哈维"来袭时，路易斯安那州向休斯敦人伸出了援手。reach ut t sb.为某人提供帮助，援助某人。
5. A. in returnB. in general
C. at lastD. at heart
解析 A 此处表示"作为回报，帮助邻居是正确的事情"，故选A项，in return表示"作为回报"。in general通常，大体上；at last最终；at heart内心里，本质上。
6. A. feedB. cmfrt
C. shelterD. examine
解析 C McIngvale开放家具陈列室是为了给许多家庭提供栖身之处。feed喂养；cmfrt安慰；shelter为……提供庇护处，收容；examine检查。C项符合语境。
7. A. accustmedB. directed
C. subjectedD. challenged
解析 C Ana Lee是遭受风暴袭击的受害者之一，故选C项。be subjected t sth.表示"经受……，遭受……"。
8. A. genersityB. hnesty
C. braveryD. strength
解析 A 此处表示"在得知McIngvale的慷慨之后，她开车去了Gallery Furniture"，故本题选A项。 genersity慷慨，hnesty正直，bravery勇敢，strength力量。
9. A. pleasureB. chance
C. planD. dream
解析 A Lee很高兴能遇到像McIngvale这样的人。pleasure表示"乐事，快事"，符合语境。
B. frequently
C. curiuslyD. carefully
解析 B 下文提到"这不是McIngvale第一次伸出援手了，他已经在自然灾害后提供帮助很多次了"，那么，此处表达的应是"在经常看到McIngvale帮助有需要的人之后，人们也开始这样做了"。frtunately幸运地，frequently经常地，curiusly好奇地，carefully认真地。B项符合语境。
11. A. supprtedB. apprached
C. persuadedD. inspired
解析 D Chris Ogle是受到McIngvale鼓舞的人之一。supprt支持；apprach接洽；persuade说服；inspire激励，鼓舞。D项符合语境。
12. A. prductsB. clthes
C. suppliesD. bttles
解析 C 上文提到McIngvale呼吁人们捐赠水和食物等必需品，那么，此处表示"Ogle帮忙把补给品装上卡车"，故选C项，supplies表示"补给品"。
13. A. effrtB. cmpany
C. serviceD. battle
解析 A effrt在此表示"有组织的活动"。
14. A. tuchedB. surprised
C. excitedD. delighted
解析 B 如果你认识McIngvale，看到人们排着长队等着捐赠，你就不会感到惊讶了。tuched受感动，surprised惊讶的，excited兴奋的，delighted愉快的。B项符合语境。
15. A. LuckilyB. Hpefully
C. EventuallyD. Actually
解析 D 事实上，这并不是McIngvale第一次伸出援手。luckily幸运的是，幸运地；hpefully希望，但愿；eventually最后；actually事实上。
三、语法填空
[生态环保/2024天星原创]The emperr penguin（帝企鹅） may nt survive climate change — r even this century. Fr decades， glbal warming has been melting（使融化） the sea ice 1 the flightless seabirds make their hme； sme frmerly 2 （freeze） areas have shrunk by 60 percent in just 30 years. These largest penguins are nearly 90 punds in 3 （weigh） and can stand 45 inches tall. They need the ice 4 （prduce） their babies， avid ceanging killers， and find fd. When sea ice 5 （becme） liquid early， the species can disappear. The ppulatin is 6 （present） stable with 270，000 t 280，000 breeding（繁殖） pairs.
But research suggests thse numbers culd fall by nearly half in the next 30 years， and that the species will be effectively extinct by 2100. Emperr penguins 7 （list） as a threatened species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service already， which puts them 8 the prtectin f the Endangered Species Act. The hpe is t prtect them by 9 （get） mre cnservatin funding and ways fr internatinal cperatin n research. "The listing f the emperr penguin serves as bth 10 alarm bell and a call t actin，" says Martha Williams， directr f the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
本文是说明文。数十年来，全球变暖使南极的海冰大量融化，这使帝企鹅面临灭绝的危险。
1.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词引导限制性定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
2.frzen 考查形容词。由空前的"frmerly"和空后的"areas"可知，空处应填frzen（冰封的，封冻的，结冰的）， frzen在句中作定语。
3.weight 考查名词。in weight是固定用法，意为"在重量上"。
4.t prduce 考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词来表目的，且此处表示主动关系，故填t prduce。
5.becmes 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由语境可知，此处描述的是客观情况，动词应用一般现在时；主语sea ice不可数，谓语动词应用单数，且becme为系动词，故填becmes。
6.presently 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词作状语，应用副词，故填presently。
7.have been listed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由时间状语already可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语Emperr penguins与list是动宾关系，故填have been listed。
8.under 考查介词。under the prtectin f表示 "在……的保护之下"，是固定用法。
9.getting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填词作介词by的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，且此处表示主动关系，故填getting。
10.an 考查冠词。alarm bell表示单数概念，此处表示泛指，且alarm的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。★be affected by... 受……影响，被……感动
be affected with... 感染……疾病
★（形近）effect n. 效应；结果；影响；效果
★have an effect/impact/influence n/upn 对……产生影响
★cme as/be a great shck t sb.令某人大为震惊
in shck震惊，吃惊
★shcked adj. 震惊的，惊讶的
be shcked at/by sth.对某事感到震惊
be shcked t d sth. 做某事很震惊
★shcking adj. 令人震惊的
★be buried in （ding） sth.＝bury neself in （ding） sth. 埋头于，专心于（做）某事
bury ne’s face in ne’s hands 双手掩面
be buried in thught 陷入沉思（＝be lst in thught）
★make an effrt/effrts t d sth. 努力去做某事
make every effrt t d sth.＝spare n effrt t d sth. 尽一切努力去做某事
★in an effrt t d sth. 为了做某事
withut effrt毫不费力地
with（an） effrt费劲地
★suffer frm 遭受；患……病
suffer pains/defeat/lss 遭受痛苦/失败/损失
★suffering n. 疼痛；苦难；痛苦
sufferer n.受苦者；受难者；患病者
★in shrt supply 供应不足
★为某人提供某物：
supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. t sb.
prvide sb. with sth.＝prvide sth. fr sb.
ffer sb. sth.＝ffer sth. t sb.
★survive sth. 从……中活下来；幸存于……
survive n 依靠……生存
A survive B （by＋时间）
A比B活得长（……）
★survival n. 幸存；残存物
survivr n. 幸存者
★a pwer cut/failure停电
have the pwer t d sth.具有做某事的能力
d everything in ne’s pwer＝try ne’s best竭尽全力
beynd ne’s pwer某人力所不能及
in/within ne’s pwer在某人能力范围内
be in pwer 执政（强调状态）
cme t pwer 开始掌权/执政（强调动作）
★pwerful adj. 强健的；强有力的
pwerless adj. 无影响力的，无能为力的
★as if/as thugh既可引导方式状语从句，也可位于seem，lk等系动词后引导表语从句。
★若as if/as thugh从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气：
·与现在事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时（be动词用were）；
·与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时；
·与将来事实相反，从句谓语用"wuld/culd/might/shuld＋动词原形"。
★when作并列连词，表示"这时突然"，还用于以下句型中：
be abut t d sth. when... 正要做某事，这时突然……
be n the pint f ding sth. when... 正要做某事，这时突然……
had （just） dne sth. when... 刚做完某事，这时突然……
积累背诵
仿写运用
单
词
amazed，astnished， shcked， surprised， pen-muthed， amazement， surprise， astnishment， alarm， startle使惊吓
根据左栏素材完成下列各句
1.当我看到这么多观众时，我惊讶得下巴都要掉了，不禁紧张起来。
My jaw almst drpped when I saw the size f the audience. I culdn’t help but get nervus.
2.听到这个坏消息，我惊呆了，我平生第一回不知道说什么话才好。
Hearing the bad news， I frze with shck/I std still with shck/I was numb with shck . Fr nce in my life I was lst fr wrds.
3.他惊讶得说不出来话，甚至脑子都不灵了。
He was t surprised/astnished t speak r even t think. （）
4.令我极为吃惊的是，他在比赛最后一圈的时候赶了上来并第一个到达终点线。
Much t my surprise/T my great surprise ， he caught up in the last lap f the race and was the first t reach the finishing line.
5.汽车沿着弯弯曲曲的山路行驶，转过最急的弯道时，人人都惊得倒吸了一口气。
The car fllwed the twists and turns f the muntain rad， and when it came arund the sharpest bend， everyne gasped in astnishment .
6.当他打开电脑开始查看邮件时，他的脸上闪过一丝惊讶，但是又立即消失了。
When he turned n his cmputer and began t check the email， a spark f surprise flashed acrss his face， but sn disappeared.
词
组
1.t ne’s amazement/surprise/astnishment令人吃惊的是
2.in astnishment/in surprise惊讶地
3.ne’s jaw drps惊掉下巴
4.freeze/stand still/be numb with shck惊呆了
5.be shcked beynd wrds/be speechless with shck＝be t surprised/astnished t speak惊讶得说不出话来
6.gasp in astnishment惊得倒吸一口气
7.give sb. a shck/cme as a shck t sb.使某人震惊
佳
句
1.I sensed a spark f surprise in his eyes. He straightened up and lked at me， with his muth wide pen. 我感觉到他眼里闪过一丝惊讶。他直起身，目瞪口呆地看着我。
2.He was bviusly shcked by her wrds and a lk f shck spread ver his face. 显然，他被她的话震惊了， 惊愕的表情在他的脸上蔓延开来。
3.I leaped up as if I had been struck by thunder when I felt smene patting me n the shulder. I turned arund and lked at the stranger in wide-eyed astnishment. 当我感觉到有人拍我的肩膀时，我一下子跳了起来，如遭雷击。我转过身，睁大眼睛惊讶地看着这个陌生人。