备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第一部分 过透教材 必修第三册 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第一部分 过透教材 必修第三册 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES（Word版附解析），共23页。
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. dwntwn adv.在市中心；往市中心
2. missin n.传教（区）；重要任务；使命
3. district n.地区；区域
4. afterwards/afterward adv.以后；后来
5. seek vt.& vi.寻找；寻求；争取；（向人）请求
6. jurnal n.日志；日记；报纸；刊物
7. claim vt.& n.夺取（生命）；宣称；断言
8. series n.一系列；连续；接连
9. escape vi.& vt.逃走；避开 n.逃跑；解脱
10. super adv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的
11. percentage n.百分率；百分比
12. climate n.气候
13. mild adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的
14. material n.材料；布料；素材adj.物质的；实际的
15. item n.项目；一件商品（或物品）；一条（新闻）
16. neat adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的→ diversity n.差异（性）；不同（点）；多样性→diversify vi.& vt.（使）多样化
2. frtune n.机会；运气→ frtunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→ frtunately adv.幸运地→ unfrtunately adv.不幸地
3. admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入（或加入）→ admissin n.准许进入；入场费；承认
4. definite adj.确定的；清楚的→ definitely adv.肯定；确实
5. ccur vi.发生；出现→ ccurrence n.发生；发生的事情
6. histry n.历史→ histrical adj.（有关）历史的→ histric adj.有历史意义的；历史上著名（或重要）的
7. earn vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得→ earnings n.收入；收益
8. select vt.选择；挑选；选拔→ selectin n.选择→ selective adj.选择性的；有选择的
9. minr adj.次要的；较小的→ minrity n.少数民族；少数派；少数人
10. finance n.财政；金融→ financial adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→ financially adv.金融上；财政上
11. pem n.诗→ petry n.诗集；诗歌；诗作→ pet n.诗人
12. pisn n.毒物；毒药；毒素 vt.毒死；毒害→ pisnus adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的
13. fld vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.（可）折小；（可）叠平→ unfld vt.& vi.打开；展开
14. cllect vt.搜集；收藏→ cllectin n.作品集；收集物；收藏品
15. settle vt.& vi.定居；结束（争论）；解决（纠纷）→ settlement n.解决；定居→ settler n.殖民者；移民
16. cnstruct vt.建造；修建→ cnstructin n.建筑；建造；建造物；（句子、短语等的）结构
17. suit vt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身 n.西服；套装→ suitable adj.合适的→ suitably adv.合适地→ unsuitable adj.不合适的
18. cntain vt.包含；含有；容纳→ cntainer n.容器
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.chip n. （英）炸土豆条；（美）炸薯片；芯片；碎片
2.cheese n. 干酪；奶酪
3.spicy adj. 加有香料的；辛辣的
4.ethnic adj. 具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的
5.cmic n. 连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj. 滑稽的；使人发笑的
6.immigrant n. （外来）移民；外侨
7.china n. 瓷；瓷器
8.jazz n. 爵士乐
9.bar n. 酒吧；小吃店；小馆子
10.diagram n. 简图；图解；图表；示意图
11.Atlantic adj. 大西洋的
12.jeans n. 牛仔裤
13.bt n. 靴子
14.mushrm n. 蘑菇；蕈
15.accessry n. 配饰；附件；配件
16.suvenir n. 纪念物；纪念品
17.clthing n. 衣服；服装
18.herbal adj. 药草的；香草的
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. head t （朝……）前进；（向……）去
2. seek ne’s frtune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
3. earn a living 谋生
4. series f 一系列或一连串（事件）
5. apart frm/aside frm 除了……外（还）；此外
6. bring abut 导致；引起
7. all year rund 一年到头
8. turn int 转变为；（使）成为
9. t name but a few 仅举几例
10. （at） first hand 第一手；亲自
11. be lcated in 位于……
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.Hwever， sme survived these terrible times， and tday there are mre Native Americans living in Califrnia than in any ther state f America.（there be sb./sth. ding sth.）
然而，有些人挺过了这些可怕的时期并活了下来，如今居住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比美国其他任何州都多。
2.And what a city — a city that was able t rebuild itself after the earthquake that ccurred in 1906.（疑问代词引导的感叹句）
这是一座多么了不起的城市啊，一座在1906年地震后得以重建的城市。
3.There are s many beautiful ld buildings — many sitting n tp f big hills ...（独立主格结构）
这里有众多美丽的古建筑——许多坐落于大山之巅……
4. What started as a residential area fr Chinese immigrants then turned int a centre fr Chinese culture.（what引导的主语从句）
这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成了中国文化的中心。
5.The majrity f residents in Chinatwn are still ethnic Chinese， many f whm d nt speak English fluently .（"不定代词＋f＋关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句）
唐人街的大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.The cmpany claims （宣称） in an advertisement that its prduct can make yu feel delighted.
2.There is n dubt that learning is a lifetime missin （使命）.
3.They sught ut a shady spt where they culd sit dwn and rest.
4.The children usually earn their allwance by ding husewrk.
5.It was impssible fr this cuntry t recver in such a shrt time frm this financial crisis in which almst every industry was influenced.
6.The lawbreakers will never escape the punishment f the law.
7.Our English teacher handed ut many reading materials t keep us expsed t the language.
8.Xu Xiake made great cntributins t the ancient Chinese gegraphy. His travel jurnal The Travel Diaries f Xu Xiake is f high scientific and literary value.
9.Tm came in fr a cup f tea and he went ut sn afterward（s） .
10.The rbbery ccurred in brad daylight， in a crwded street last weekend.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Jim went t the suth t seek his frtune ， given that he was always frtunate . Unfrtunately ， he even gt penniless.（frtune）
2.The man was waiting anxiusly， keeping flding and unflding the paper ver and ver again.（fld）
3.In daily life， nly a minrity f peple are able t ntice such minr details. （minr）
4.The cntainer appears t be large， but it cntains nthing inside.（cntain）
5.With diverse species living in this area， it has great bilgical diversity .（diverse）
6.Yu can chse ne frm this selectin f htels selected by Luke， wh is pretty selective abut htels.（select）
7.I lve reading smething t my kids. Here is a pem by my favrite pet . （pem）
8.Yur sweater suits yu，but it is unsuitable fr such a frmal ccasin， s yu’d better replace it with a suit .（suit）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
bring abut head t earn a living
apart frm （at） first hand
1.When visiting the cuntry， I saw （at） first hand the effrts being made t bring cmmunities tgether.
2.It ges withut saying that the plicy f refrm and pening up has brught abut an increasingly rich and pwerful China these years.
3.They decided t head t the cast fr a bit f rest and relaxatin after the final exam.
4. Apart frm lwering ticket prices， turist sites have als taken ther measures t attract turists.
5.What did yu d t earn a living when yu were living abrad？ Part-time jbs？
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.只有一块指示牌在风中摇摆。（there be sb./sth. ding sth.）
There is nly ne sign swinging in the wind.
2.我们不仅玩得开心，还有机会结交志趣相投的朋友。多么美好的时光啊！（疑问代词引导的感叹句）
Nt nly did we enjy urselves， but als we had a chance t make friends with shared interests. What a wnderful time ！
3.男孩冲到老人的家，满脸是汗。（独立主格结构）
The by rushed t the ld man’s huse， his face cvered with sweat .
4.我想了解的是这次展览会的票价以及更详细的安排。（what引导的主语从句）
What I want t knw are the ticket price and mre detailed arrangements f this exhibitin.
5.西安及其周边遍布着各种各样的古代宫殿、皇家园林、塔楼和寺庙，所有这些都在传达着丰富多彩的中国古代文化。（"不定代词＋f＋关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句）
In and arund Xi’an are varius ancient palaces， ryal parks， twers and temples， all f which are cnveying clrful ancient Chinese culture .
After a series f activities， I am back in San Francisc. I have t admit that it definitely feels gd t be back again. The city rebuilt itself after the earthquake ccurred in 1906， which claimed ver 3，000 lives and destryed mst f the cnstructins. My htel is near dwntwn in the Missin District， which used t be a pr area， but nw it is a centre fr art， music， and diverse fd. First I walked alng the neat streets appreciating the street art. Afterwards， I ate sme ethnic dishes and spicy snacks. In the afternn， I headed t a lcal museum where a cllectin f items shwed the histrical changes in Califrnia and bught sme suvenirs there. In 1848， gld was discvered near San Francisc， bringing abut the gld rush. A large number f immigrants came t seek their frtune in San Francisc. T earn a living， sme Chinese pened up restaurants and bars in Chinatwn and settled in the city. In the evening， I selected a Cantnese restaurant in Chinatwn fr dinner. The mment I tasted the super meal， a sigh f satisfactin escaped my lips. What great fd！
1 admit （admitted， admitted， admitting）vt.& vi.承认 vt.准许进入（或加入）
1.[人教选必③－1]N ne will be admitted int/t the exhibitin after 4：30 p.m.
2.I apply fr admissin （admit） t yur sciety because I am keen n histrical nvels like yu.（申请信）
sciety此处意为"社团，协会"，be keen n＝be very interested in表示"对……很感兴趣"。
3.After a few secnds f silence， she admitted being hurt （hurt）by what I had said.
4.得知你最终被心仪的大学录取，我写信向你表示热烈的祝贺。（祝贺信）
Knwing that yu finally gt admitted/admissin int/t yur ideal university ， I’m writing t express my hearty cngratulatins t yu.（分词短语作状语）
2 ccur（ccurred， ccurred， ccurring）vi.发生；出现
1.[北师选必①－3] And the fifth event， which ccurred （ccur） 66 millin years ag， caused the death f the dinsaurs.
2.[外研选必②－3] I was watching a superher film the ther day and a thught ccurred t me： where des Superman get changed these days？
3.他突然想到那个小男孩可以通过卖爆米花赚钱。
It suddenly ccurred t him that the little by culd earn mney by selling ppcrn.
表示"某人想起某事"可以用sth. ccurs t sb.。此处主语较长，用it作形式主语，变换成it ccurs t sb. that...句式。"某人想起某事"的其他表达有：sb. thinks f sth.， sth. cmes t sb./ne’s mind， sth. strikes/hits sb.。主语较长时，也可用it作形式主语。
3 seek（sught， sught） vt.& vi.寻找；寻求；争取；（向人）请求 vi.试图
1.[译林选必④－2]Seek t understand （understand） the ther persn’s emtins， by putting yurself in their shes and lking at the situatin frm their perspective.
本句为祈使句。be in sb.’s shes/put yurself in sb.’s shes表示"处于某人的境地；设身处地"。
2.[外研选必④－4] Thugh she welcmes the new entrepreneurial spirit， she advises that peple be realistic and seek guidance frm expert cnsultants befre rushing int things.
句意：尽管她欢迎这种新的创业精神，但她建议人们要现实一点，在仓促行事之前先寻求专家顾问的指导。seek的常见动宾搭配：seek jbs/emplyment寻找工作；seek help/assistance寻求帮助；seek advice征求建议；seek funding筹募资金。
3.In the pumpkin field， I cmpeted with my brthers t seek ut the biggest pumpkin （挑选出最大的南瓜）.（读后续写之情景描写）
4.[外研选必③－2]Hwever， he （Qian Xuesen） sught n fame/didn’t seek fame （不求名望） and shunned the sptlight， returning t China with great reslutin.
句意：然而，他（钱学森）不求名望，避开聚光灯，非常坚定地返回中国。shun"避开，回避"。
5.It was nt lng befre they left their village t try their luck and seek their frtune （寻找发财机会） in the suth during the gld rush.
6.我在英语方面遇到了一些困难，因此我只得寻求你的帮助。（求助信）
I meet with sme difficulties with my English， s I have n chice but t seek yur help .
4 claim vt.夺取（生命）；声称；断言；索要；认领；获得 n.断言；所有权；索赔，索款
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的词性及含义
①[人教选必①－5]When peple present imprtant facts， they usually give sme evidence t supprt their claims. n.断言
②Heavy snwfall within a shrt perid f time destryed buildings and frests， and claimed at least 256 lives. v.夺取（生命）
③She has finally claimed a place n the team after a series f practices. v.获得
④At this pint， n ne had called t claim the dg， s Ann decided t keep it. v.认领
⑤[外研选必①－6]Sitting back in my seat， I can’t quite believe that I’m abut t travel alng the railway that many freign experts claimed was "impssible".v.声称
2.由于货物损坏，我写信要求退款。（投诉信）
I’m writing t claim my mney back since the gds are damaged.
3.几天后，劳拉声称她已从膝盖受伤中恢复过来，想要参加比赛。（读后续写之语言描写）
A few days later， Laura claimed t have recvered frm her knee injury and wanted t participate in the race.
4.据说这位老人对鸟类了如指掌。
It’s claimed that the ld man knws everything abut birds.
5 escape vt.& vi.逃走；摆脱；避开 vt.被忽视 vi.（气体、液体等） 泄漏 n.逃跑；解脱，消遣
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的词性及含义
①[译林选必②－1]When smething newswrthy cmes abut， it may escape the attentin f rdinary peple... vt.被忽视
newswrthy"有新闻价值的"，cme abut"出现；发生"。句意：当有新闻价值的事情发生时，它可能会被普通人忽视……
②We shuld keep an eye n pisnus waste escaping int the sea. vi.（气体、液体等）泄漏
2.T escape punishment/being punished （punish） is ne f the mst bvius reasns bringing abut lies.
3.It seemed that n ne knew hw the dg escaped frm the cage.
4.Fr me， travel is an escape/t escape frm the bredm f my everyday life （摆脱日常生活的无聊）.
5.最后，我们死里逃生，幸运地逃过了被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害。
At last， we had a narrw escape ， frtunately escaping being hurt by the hungry plar bear.（escape n.， escape v.）
6.愤怒的男孩逃进人群，挤上公交车，不见了。（读后续写之动作描写）
The angry by escaped int the crwds ， squeezed nt the bus， and disappeared.
6 settle vt.& vi.解决（纠纷）；定居；（使）平静下来 vt.（最终）决定；安放
1.[外研必修③－1]Accepting sadness as part f life helps Riley deal with the emtinal cmplexity f grwing up， and settle dwn in her new life.
2. All prblems were settled （一切问题都解决了）. He settled himself cmfrtably （舒服地坐下） in his usual chair after a whle day f hard wrk.
3.他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人惊叹的景象。（读后续写之动作描写）
They dashed ut f the car， put up the tent and settled dwn n the grass ， enjying the surrunding breathtaking sights.
7 bring abut导致；引起（cause， lead t， result in， cntribute t）
1.In a meeting last year， he brught up a practical idea that the cmpany shuld bring in a cllectin f the latest facilities， which has brught in a lt mre mney.
2.A new plicy t bring dwn the high prices brught abut mre purchases f diverse gds in that supermarket.
3.The renwned（著名的） writer’s petry newly brught ut brings back my happy memries f my childhd.
newly brught ut为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰petry，第一空后的brings为句子的谓语。
4.Whether we shuld wear unifrms n weekdays brught abut a heated discussin （引发了一场激烈的讨论） in ur schl last week.（正反观点）
5.他全身心地投入，最大限度地激发学生的潜能。
He is ttally dedicated and brings ut the best in students/brings ut students’ full ptential .
8 独立主格结构
1.N agreement reached （reach）， the representatives wanted anther rund f talks.
"n./prn.（主格）＋过去分词"表示被动意义，此处意为协议未被达成。
2.They were talking t the natives， the guide acting （act） as an interpreter.
"n./prn.（主格）＋现在分词"表示主动意义，此处意为导游充当翻译。
3.The exam t be held （hld） tmrrw， I can’t g t the cinema tnight.（告知信）
"n./prn.（主格） ＋动词不定式"表示没有发生或即将发生的动作，此处意为考试将要被举行，要用被动语态。
4. Time permitting （如果时间允许）， a Peking Opera perfrmance will be given in the end.（活动介绍）
5.他专心地听王老师讲话，眼睛盯着她的脸。（读后续写之神态描写）
He was listening attentively t Miss Wang， （with） his eyes fixed n her face .（fix）
词根-gram-/-graph-
本单元：dia-（穿过，两者之间）＋-gram（＝write写、画，文字，图表）→交叉着画→diagram图表；示意图
拓展：
通过构词法猜测单词在语境中的词性及含义。
1.[外研必修③－2]Mst bigraphies are rganised in the rder in which events happened. n.传记
bi-＝life，表示"生命，生物"，比如bilgy生物学；-y是名词后缀，表示"性质，状态"。bigraphy →书写关于人生的状态→传记。
2.A new telegraph line has been set up between the tw cities. n.电报
tele-表示"远"，比如telescpe"望远镜"。telegraph→远方来的文字→电报。同理，telegram也表示"电报"。
3.The whle team has autgraphed a ftball at the fans meeting， which will be used as a prize. v.（在……上）签名
aut-表示"自己"，如autmatic"自动的"。autgraph→自己写的字→签名。autgraph还可作名词，表示"亲笔签名"。
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]Each chapter cncludes with a cllectin （cllect） f practices， which are designed t help yu act n the big ideas f the chapter.
cllectin作"收藏品；作品集；一批（物品或人）"讲时为可数名词。
2.[2023新高考Ⅱ] Seeking （seek） and accepting cnstructive feedback（反馈） is crucial t grwth.
3.[2023全国甲]By the early 1970s， after centuries f cruel and cntinuus hunting by settlers （settle）， 600 t 800 grizzlies remained n a mere 2 percent f their frmer range in the Nrthern Rckies.
4.[2022新高考Ⅰ]There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East， and the charity has been given financial （finance） supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
句意：现在，在东北部的20家养老院里有700名老人在照顾母鸡，该慈善机构得到了财政支持，以便在全国范围内推广。rll sth. ut表示"正式推出（新产品）；开展（新的政治运动）"。
5.[2022新高考Ⅱ] Frtunately （frtunate） fr thse in midlife， Levine is finding that even if yu haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser， getting in shape nw may help imprve yur aging heart.
6.[2022新高考Ⅱ] High-intensity exercise is mre suitable （suit） fr the yung.
7.[2022北京]This des nt definitely （definite） mean that we are nt healthy. It means the fitness level is nt in accrdance with ur age and the climatic cnditins we live in.
8.[2022浙江1月] One day I gt wrd that he was admitted （admit） t the hspital fr a serius disease.
9.[2021新高考Ⅱ]He wants t help them earn a living.
earn a/ne’s living表示"谋生"。
10.[江苏高考]Why is this ccurring （ccur）？ Nbdy is quite sure， but pr diet and abve all lng-time alchlism have much t d with it.
Ⅱ.阅读理解—— 一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. n.解脱，消遣
B. v.避开，避免（不愉快或危险的事物）
C. v.被忽视D. v.逃跑
E. v.（气体、液体等）泄漏
①[2022全国乙]Fr them， there’s smething highly exciting abut escaping smene else’s glance and making neself unable t be seen. C
②[2022浙江1月]In this bk， he argues that as we seek t escape pain r srrw， we’re weakening urselves and may lse ur adaptability t deal with pain in the future. B
③[2021新高考Ⅱ]As lng as I get clse enugh， n criminal can escape frm me. D
④[全国Ⅱ]A lunchtime escape allws her t keep a bss frm tapping her n the shulder. A
⑤[江苏高考] recycling prcess ften is carried ut in pr cuntries， in practically uncntrlled ways which allw many pisnus substances t escape int the envirnment. E
2.
A. 定居B. 习惯于/适应
C. 解决D. 安放
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]It’s been an hnr t watch the panda prgramme develp and t see the pandas settle int their new hme. A
②[2022全国甲]The disagreement was s sharp that neither he nr I knew hw t settle it. C
③[2021全国甲]Everyne in the family settled quickly int the city except me. B
④[天津3月高考]An unpleasant smell flated int my nse as the bwl f fried stinky tfu（臭豆腐） settled nt my grandmther’s dinner table. D
3.
A. 小巧迷人的B. 极好的C. 整洁的
①[2022新高考Ⅱ]Make sure yur handwriting is neat. C
②[全国Ⅰ]These pieces can be flded int a neat little pack and fastened n yur belt. A
③[浙江高考]"It’s beautiful，" my mther said when I pinted it ut t her. "What a neat basket." B
第②题根据neat后的little"小"可知，此处neat与其含义一致；第③题根据句中的beautiful可知，此处neat也是褒义词，表示"好的"。
4.[2020江苏] In lking int the stries f bilgical discvery， I als began t find smething else， a cllectin f scientists， usually brilliant， ccasinally half-mad， wh made the discveries. n.一批（物品或人）
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——跨国文化节活动
[2022浙江1月]假定你是李华，在"中国—爱尔兰文化节"活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已回国。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.回忆活动经历；
2.分享个人收获；
3.希望保持联系。
◎写作要点
1.我突然想到"中国—爱尔兰文化节"已经过去一个星期了，但我仍然记得我们在节日期间度过的愉快时光，那使我们从学校生活中解脱出来。（ccur， escape）
It suddenly ccurs t me that a week has passed since the China-Ireland Cultural Festival， but I can still recall the enjyable time we spent tgether during the festival， which is an escape frm ur schl life.
2.从中国书法到爱尔兰绘画，我们目睹了各种各样具有民族特色的杰作。（diverse， ethnic， at first hand）
Frm Chinese calligraphy t Irish paintings， we gt a glimpse f diverse ethnic masterpieces at first hand.
3.除了艺术，文化节还通过一系列历史资料展现了两国深远的历史。（apart frm， cllectin， histrical）
Apart frm the art， the festival als unflded the tw cuntries’ prfund histry thrugh a cllectin f histrical materials.
4.从这次经历中，我真正理解到，地理分隔不一定会带来文化冲突。（bring abut）
Frm this experience， I truly understand that gegraphical separatin des nt necessarily bring abut cultural cnflicts.
5.无论未来我们在哪里定居，我都希望我们的友谊将永远持续下去。（settle dwn）
I hpe ur friendship will last frever wherever we settle dwn in the future.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear Chris，
Hw is everything ging？ It suddenly ccurs t me that a week has passed since the China-Ireland Cultural Festival， but I can still recall the enjyable time we spent tgether during the festival， which is an escape frm ur schl life.
Frm Chinese calligraphy t Irish paintings， we gt a glimpse f diverse ethnic masterpieces at first hand. Apart frm the art， the festival als unflded the tw cuntries’ prfund histry thrugh a cllectin f histrical materials. Frm this experience， I truly understand that gegraphical separatin des nt necessarily bring abut cultural cnflicts.
At last， I hpe ur friendship will last frever wherever we settle dwn in the future. Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——情感描写之感动与感激
一、阅读理解
A
[2023山东枣庄一模]I still remember my father’s embarrassment the day when he was invited t have dinner at a clleague’s huse. Freshly arriving in Brazil， and nt being able t lk up n the Internet， he ffended his hsts by making a hand gesture — a circle with the thumb and index finger. He had always understd it t mean "OK"， but in Brazil， it meant smething different.
The episde was swiftly frgtten. My father’s clleague understd that he prbably wasn’t yet aware f the lcal meaning f the gesture. He gently explained it meant smething rude， and then it was filed away under "things nt t be dne in Ri".
I was reminded myself in China. After I replied t a friend’s WeChat message with a Van Ggh sticker that I thught meant "keep fighting"， anther friend tld me I used it wrng.
"The Chinese versin is a bit different，" she said， taking ut her phne and shwing it t me. "See these characters？ They mean ‘I will hit yu！’"
Life is full f crssed meanings. In India， yu sign t smene t cme ver with yur palm dwn， nt up. And in the Middle East， yu never use yur left hand fr anything public.
As adults， we understand that even if it hurts， a mistake is nly an insult（侮辱） when it is deliberate. Yet， many cnflicts cme frm misunderstanding， and histry is full f the unfrtunate utcmes f crss-cultural cmmunicatin.
My father’s pre-Internet Brazilian mistake was frgiven because f cntext — he had just arrived and he didn’t knw its lcal meaning. But when cntext is absent r simply differently understd — especially in the scial media — perhaps we all shuld think twice befre typing r talking， especially when the cnsequences can be mre severe than the misuse f a WeChat sticker.
本文为说明文，通过一些例子介绍了文化差异。
1. What is the tpic f the text？
A. Cultural difference.
B. Language and culture.
C. Sign language.
D. Gd manners.
解析 A 文章主旨题。由第一段中的"He had always understd it t mean‘OK’， but in Brazil， it meant smething different"和第三段中的"After I replied t a friend’s WeChat message with a Van Ggh sticker that I thught meant ‘keep fighting’， anther friend tld me I used it wrng"以及第五段中的"In India， yu sign t smene t cme ver with yur palm dwn， nt up. And in the Middle East， yu never use yur left hand fr anything public"可知，文章主要讲述文化差异，故选A。
2. What des the authr want t shw by telling his father’s stry？
A. The OK sign means differently in Brazil.
B. Crss-cultural mistakes are cmmn.
C. The Internet helps t avid mistakes.
D. Misunderstandings lead t bad results.
解析 B 推理判断题。由第一段中的"He had always understd it t mean‘OK’， but in Brazil， it meant smething different"及第二段中的"My father’s clleague understd that he prbably wasn’t yet aware f the lcal meaning f the gesture"可推知，作者想通过讲述父亲的故事来表明跨文化错误是常见的，故选B。
3. What did the authr mean t d by using the Van Ggh sticker？
A. T greet his friend.
B. T encurage his friend.
C. T threaten his friend.
D. T make fun f his friend.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第三段中的"After I replied t a friend’s WeChat message with a Van Ggh sticker that I thught meant ‘keep fighting’， anther friend tld me I used it wrng"可知，作者打算鼓励他的朋友，故选B。
4. What might happen if there is n cntext？
A. Cultural cnflicts.
B. Frgiveness.
C. Cultural gaps.
D. Mutual respect.
解析 A 细节理解题。由最后一段中的"But when cntext is absent r simply differently understd — especially in the scial media — perhaps we all shuld think twice befre typing r talking， especially when the cnsequences can be mre severe than the misuse f a WeChat sticker"可知，本题选A。
【易错点拨】 部分学生可能会辨别不清cultural cnflicts和cultural gaps的区别而错选C项。cultural cnflicts强调的是文化冲突，cultural gaps强调的是文化差异，而文中最后一句中的"the cnsequences can be mre severe than the misuse f a WeChat sticker"表明，不知道事情的背景或来龙去脉，很容易引起文化冲突。
B
[2023内蒙古包头一模]The Chinese new year begins n 22 January， 2023 and lasts until 9 February， 2023. While mst f Asia celebrates the year f the rabbit， Vietnam celebrates the year f the cat. In the Chinese zdiac（十二生肖）， there are 12 animals， and the 4th animal is the rabbit， while in the Vietnamese zdiac， the 4th psitin is ccupied by the cat. Hw the cat cvered fr the rabbit in Vietnam’s zdiac is still the subject f debate.
It was said that the Jade Emperr rganized a race acrss a river fr all the animals in the wrld. The first 12 t reach the ther side wuld appear in the zdiac. In the Chinese versin f the stry， the cat and the rat were riding acrss a river n an x when the rat pushed the cat int the water. The rat wn the race， turning the tw animals int enemies. That is why cats have been hunting rats ever since. Hwever， in the Vietnamese versin — which did nt have a rabbit — the cat culd swim and ended up arriving.
One pssible explanatin fr replacing rabbit with cat might have t d with language. In ld Chinese， there’s a wrd tied t the sign f the rabbit that is prnunced ma（卯）. The prnunciatin is similar t mè， the Vietnamese wrd fr cat.
Quyen Di， a lecturer at UCLA， said the custm has t d with the landscape f Vietnam. "Initially， the Chinese lived in the savanna（稀树草原） area， while the Vietnamese lived in the lwland area，" he says. "The peple f the savanna preferred a nmadic life， clse t the wilderness， and they chse the rabbit as an animal that lived in the wild fields. In cntrast， the lwland peple f Vietnam cnsidered rabbits as animals that were used fr fd and chse the cat because they believed cats were friends living in their huses."
This year， many Vietnamese are buying new cat-themed cases fr their mbile phnes. And ne f the tp nline searches in Vietnam is "why there is n cat in the Chinese zdiac".
本文为说明文，主要介绍了越南生肖与中国生肖的区别，重点介绍了猫和兔。
1. What des the underlined phrase "cvered fr" in paragraph 1 prbably mean？
A. Tk charge f.B. Fught fr.
C. Tk the place f.D. Depended n.
解析 C 词义猜测题。由第一段中的"In the Chinese zdiac（十二生肖）， there are 12 animals， and the 4th animal is the rabbit， while in the Vietnamese zdiac， the 4th psitin is ccupied by the cat"可知，与中国的十二生肖中的第四位是兔不同的是，在越南的十二生肖中，第四位是猫，即：兔的位置被猫代替了，由此可知，cvered fr应与tk the place f意义相同，故选C。
2. What can we learn frm the Vietnamese zdiac stry？
A. The Jade Emperr shwed favr t the cat.
B. The rabbit fell int the river in the zdiac race.
C. The cat finished furth by swimming acrss the river.
D. The rat and the rabbit were enemies in ancient times.
解析 C 细节理解题。由第二段中的"In the Chinese versin f the stry， the cat and the rat were riding acrss a river n an x when the rat pushed the cat int the water. The rat wn the race， turning the tw animals int enemies. That is why cats have been hunting rats ever since. Hwever， in the Vietnamese versin — which did nt have a rabbit — the cat culd swim and ended up arriving"可知，由于在越南的生肖中没有兔，所以猫游过河并获得了第四名，故选C。
3. Accrding t Quyen Di， what made the Vietnamese chse the cat？
A. Their living envirnment.
B. Their language prnunciatin.
C. Their lifestyle f raising cats as pets.
D. Their custm f hunting rabbits fr fd.
解析 A 细节理解题。由第四段中的"In cntrast， the lwland peple f Vietnam cnsidered rabbits as animals that were used fr fd and chse the cat because they believed cats were friends living in their huses"可知，越南人在选择生肖的动物时，猫的选择受到了他们的生存环境的影响，生活在低地区的人认为兔子是可以用来作为食物的动物，而猫则是作为他们家里的朋友而存在的动物，故选A。
4. Which can be a suitable title fr the text？
A. The Histry f the Chinese Zdiac
B. Ways f Celebrating the Year f the Rabbit
C. The Ppularity f Chinese Traditinal Culture
D. The Origin f the Year f the Cat in Vietnam
解析 D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了越南生肖与中国生肖的区别，重点介绍了猫和兔。文章提供了关于越南猫年的起源的信息，并探讨了可能的原因，因此D项做文章标题最佳。
二、七选五
[2024天星原创]Mving frm ne culture t anther is exciting， but it is als a stressful experience. Transitining（过渡） t a cmpletely new culture almst always results in a culture shck fr all peple. 1 Sme hardly ntice its effect at all， while thers can find it very difficult t adapt t their new envirnment.
I grew up in Kazakhstan， where mst f the infrmatin I had abut America came frm its mvies. The purpse f thse mvies was always t entertain viewers， while details f American life may nt be accurately described. I had been dreaming abut cming here fr s lng. 2
Americans find it easy t make casual friends. They becme friends first and build trust later if at all. Americans make friends and becme relatively clse in n time. 3 In my culture， we believe in building friendships and staying cnnected after the trust is built. Only after cming t America did I realize that my self-identificatin as a reserved persn is part f my cultural identity with Kazakh culture.
4 Americans find it uncmfrtable if thers stand t clse. When friends r family greet， they give a shrt hug and step aside t have sme distance fr cnversatin. We Kazakh peple like t speak sitting r standing clse t each ther. Als， it’s cnsidered disrespectful t keep a large distance during the cnversatin.
Part f the excitement f living in a new culture is learning abut hw it differs frm my wn culture. 5 By learning t understand and navigate（正确处理） the culture f anther cuntry， I have becme a mre pen-minded persn. It has taught me t shape my wn cultural identity.
A. But it’s easy fr them t disappear frm ne anther’s life.
B. Different peple might experience culture shck differently.
C. It is therefre necessary t knw hw t handle culture shck.
D. But I had never expected that I wuld have a culture shck in America.
E. Anther shcking bservatin fr me was the infrmality f the Americans.
F. I always cmpare my values and custms with the values and custms in America.
G. American culture is als different frm mine in terms f a sense f persnal space.
本文介绍了作者经历的文化冲击。
1.B 空前提到对所有人来说，过渡到一个全新的文化几乎总会带来文化冲击，空后提到一些人几乎注意不到它的影响，而另外一些人发现适应新环境非常难。由此可知，B项（不同的人经历文化冲击的方式可能不同）与上下文联系紧密，故选B项。
2.D 由上文的"I had been dreaming abut cming here fr s lng"及下文内容可知，空处内容应与作者经历文化冲击有关。D项（但是我从未想过我会在美国经历文化冲击）与上文构成转折关系，且能引出下文内容，故选D。
3.A 空前提到美国人很容易交上朋友并很快变得亲近，空后提到哈萨克斯坦人则是在信任建立后建立友谊并保持联系。由此可知，空处前后形成对比，故A项（但是他们很容易从彼此的生活中消失）符合语境，故选A。
4.G 由空后内容，尤其是"Americans find it uncmfrtable if thers stand t clse"和"We Kazakh peple like t speak sitting r standing clse t each ther"可知，本段主要介绍的是作者发现的美国文化和自己国家文化的另一个不同之处，且它与个人空间有关，G项与此相符，可充当段落的主题句，故选G。
5.F 由空前的"Part f the wn culture"和空后提到的了解和正确处理另一个国家的文化教会作者塑造自己的文化身份可知，空处应涉及两种文化的对比。F项（我总是对比我自己国家和美国的价值观和风俗）符合语境，故选F。
三、完形填空
[2023辽宁葫芦岛二模]I was brn in the Netherlands and lived there until I was 30 years ld. In the Dutch cntext， I was emtinally intelligent， and I 1 expected that this culd be any different.
When at the University f Michigan， I jined a discussin n 2 . I intrduced myself in an understated （Dutch） way as "interested in culture and emtin". The prfessr， t fit American 3 ， added that I was ne f the wrld’s experts n culture and emtin. In respnse， I lked dwn in 4 and said in a lw vice that "expert" was a big wrd.
I lived in Nrth Carlina and had new friends cming ver t dinner. Cnversatins were lively that evening. When my guests left， they 5 me fr dinner. My heart sank， because in the Netherlands， "thanking fr dinner" means the relatinship is 6 .
The Netherlands and the US d nt have massively different 7 . But emtinal interactins between individuals frm these different cultures are nt 8 . The prfessr meant t make me feel gd， but instead made me 9 . My friends meant t shw gratitude， but they made me think they were distancing themselves frm us instead. Where did it g wrng in these interactins？
I nw think the answer is that we were interacting with different 10 in mind. In the US， it is imprtant that peple feel gd abut themselves： ther peple help yu 11 and have self-esteem（自尊）. Yu are an expert， and yu made the special effrt t ck us this delicius dinner. 12 ， in the Netherlands， it is imprtant t make true 13 with ther peple， and nt t pretend yu are better than anybdy else. The daily dances f emtins are 14 ： Americans dance t the music f making each ther special， while the Dutch dance t the music f true cnnectin. And when yu 15 them up， peple start stepping n each ther’s tes.
作者一直生活在荷兰，但在美国与人情感交流的经历让他意识到美国和荷兰的情感交流目的不同，美国重视夸赞，荷兰重视坦诚。
1.A. neverB. rarely
C. usuallyD. smetimes
解析 A 作者从未（never）想过情感表达上会有什么不同，故选A。
2.A. mannersB. emtins
C. literatureD. intelligence
解析 B 由"interested in culture and emtin"中的"emtin"可知，作者对情感感兴趣，由此可知，作者参加了一个关于情感（emtins）的讨论，故选B。
3.A. standardsB. prcedures
C. pliciesD. requirements
解析 A 由最后一段中的"In the US， it is imprtant that peple feel gd abut themselves"可知，在美国，人们自我感觉良好是很重要的。由此可知，教授是以美国的标准（standards）介绍作者是"世界上文化和情感方面的专家之一"，故选A项。
4.A. angerB. delight
C. disappintmentD. embarrassment
解析 D 由"‘expert’ was a big wrd"可知，作者认为用"专家"来形容过誉了，由此可知，作者尴尬地低下了头， 故选D项。
5.A. askedB. praised
C. thankedD. blamed
解析 C 由"thanking fr dinner"中的"thanking" 可知，客人们对作者的晚餐表示感谢，故选C项。
6.A. distantB. insincere
C. harmniusD. meaningful
解析 A 由"they made me think they were distancing themselves frm us instead"中的"distancing"可知，在荷兰，"谢谢你的晚餐"意味着这段关系是疏远的，故选A。
7.A. riginsB. cultures
C. envirnmentsD. languages
解析 B 荷兰和美国的文化没有太大的不同，但来自这两种不同文化的人之间的情感互动并不流畅，故选B。
8.A. cmplicatedB. interesting
C. fluentD. regular
解析 C 由"My friends meant t shw gratitude， but they made me think they were distancing themselves frm us instead"可知，作者和朋友间的情感互动并不流畅，故选C。
9.A. annyedB. anxius
C. humbleD. uncmfrtable
解析 D 由"In respnse， I lked dwn in 4 and said in a lw vice that ‘expert’ was a big wrd"可知，作者认为用"专家"来形容过誉了，由此可知，教授的话让作者感到不舒服，故选D项。
10.A. methdsB. purpses
C. expectatinsD. feelings
解析 B 由"In the US， it is imprtant that peple feel gd abut themselves"和"in the Netherlands， it is imprtant t make true 13 with ther peple， and nt t pretend yu are better than anybdy else"可知，美国人互动时的目的是夸赞，荷兰人互动时的目的是与他人坦诚相待，由此可知，美国人和荷兰人在互动时考虑到了不同的目的，故选B。
11.A. stand utB. shw ff
C. calm dwnD. cheer up
解析 A 由"Yu are an expert， and yu made the special effrt t ck us this delicius dinner"可知，美国人喜欢赞美别人，由此可知，他们会帮助你从人群中脱颖而出，故选A。
12.A. In turnB. Abve all
C. After allD. By cntrast
解析 D 由上文美国人重视夸赞，下文荷兰人重视坦诚相待可知，文中把美国和荷兰的交流方式进行了对比，"By cntrast"意为"相比之下"，符合语境，故选D。
13.A. prmisesB. cntributins
C. cnnectinsD. cmparisns
解析 C 由"while the Dutch dance t the music f true cnnectin"中的"true cnnectin"可知，荷兰人重视与他人建立真正的联系，故选C。
14.A. persnalB. different
C. imprtantD. widespread
解析 B 由"Americans dance t the music f making each ther special， while the Dutch dance t the music f true cnnectin"可知，美国和荷兰情感交流的方式不同，故本题选B。
15.A. buildB. take
C. pickD. mix
解析 D 由上文可知，美国和荷兰情感交流的方式不同。那么，当两种文化相遇时，就会引起混乱和误解，故选D。build up"创建；增强"；take up"开始从事"；pick up"拿起，举起"；mix up"弄混，弄乱"。★admit （t） ding sth.承认做某事
admit （t sb.） （that）（向某人）承认……
be admitted t/int被录取；被接收
It is admitted that 人们认为……
★admissin n.加入权，进入权；入场费；（对过错等的）供认，承认
★ccur没有被动语态，不用于进行时态；作谓语时，主语不能是人。
★sth. ccurs t sb.某人突然想起某事
It ccurs t sb. d sth.某人想起……/做某事。
★ccurrence n.发生的事情；发生，出现
★seek （fr） sth./sb.寻找某物/某人
seek t d试图做
sb.向某人寻求……
seek ne’s frtune寻找发财机会；闯世界
seek ut挑选出，物色；找到
★It is claimed that...据说……
claim t d sth.声称做某事
claim t have dne sth.声称做过某事
claim sth. back要回某物
★escape frm...从……中逃离
escape ding sth.避免做某事
narrwly escape...侥幸逃脱……
escape death/have a narrw escape死里逃生
escape ne’s attentin/ntice被某人忽视
★settle dwn（在某地）定居下来；（使）平静下来；舒服地坐下（或躺下）
settle dwn t （ding） sth.定下心来做某事
settle n选定/决定……
settle in/int习惯于/适应……
★settler n.殖民者；移民
settlement n.（解决纷争的）协议；定居点；解决；处理；移民
★bring up抚养；提出；呕吐
bring in 引进；获利，赚钱
bring ut 出版；使显现
bring dwn 使倒下；减少，降低
bring sth. back 使某物恢复；使回想起某事
bring alng把……带来
★结构：n./prn.（主格） ＋ 现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式
n./prn.（主格）＋（being）＋adj./adv./n./prep.
★功能：在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、方式、伴随等，可和with复合结构互换。
★位置：可置于句首或句尾，常由逗号将其与句子其他成分分开。
积累背诵
仿写运用
单
词
mve， tuch， appreciate； grateful， thankful， mved， tuched； appreciatin， thanks， gratitude
根据左栏素材完成下列各句
1.她的演讲深深地打动了我，我决心更加努力地学习。
Deeply mved/tuched by her speech ， I was determined t study harder. （过去分词作状语）
2.来自陌生人的温暖融化了他的心，让他觉得这个世界依然充满了爱和希望。
The warmth frm a stranger melted his heart ， which made him feel the wrld was still filled with lve and hpe.
3.得知她的孩子已经获救，她流下了喜悦和感激的泪水。
Hearing that her child had been saved， she shed tears f jy and gratitude .
4.我送了一大束花给这位护士，感谢她在疗养院对我爷爷无微不至的照顾。
I sent a big bunch f flwers t the nurse t express my gratitude/thanks fr her taking gd care f my grandpa in the nursing hme.
5.得知他为她做了这么多事情，她感动得流下了眼泪。
Knwing that he had dne s much fr her， she was mved t tears .
词
组
1.be deeply mved/tuched被深深感动
2.tuch ne’s heart触动某人的心
3.melt ne’s heart融化某人的心
4.be mved t tears感动得热泪盈眶
5.shed tears f gratitude流下感激的泪水
6.express thanks/gratitude t sb. fr sth.因为某事感谢某人
佳
句
1.A warm current welled up in his heart the mment he realized hw much his father had devted t him. 当他意识到父亲为他付出了多少时，他心中涌起了一股暖流。
2.Her palms sweating， thrat tightening and tears streaming dwn her face， she was tuched beynd wrds. 她手心冒汗，喉咙发紧，泪流满面，感动得说不出话来。
3.She accepted the flwers， with her eyes filled with tears f gratitude.她接过鲜花，眼里噙满了感激的泪水。