备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练8　词句猜测题（2）（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练8　词句猜测题（2）（Word版附解析），共7页。

主题:个人故事 词数:316 难度:★★★☆☆
Emest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the pprtunity t appear in the audience f a BBC shw,and ask Thatcher hw she felt abut being called the Irn Lady.This encunter re-emerged in a BBC’s prgramme recently.
At the time f their meeting,Owusu was n free schl meals,living n a public estate in Brixtn,suth Lndn,where he and his sister were being raised by their mther Rse,a struggling hairdresser.
Nw 57,Owusu lks remarkably similar even with a greying beard.But his life has been transfrmed.The father f three is a human resurces directr,and the first black captain f the Addingtn glf club in its 110-year histry.As a black guy,it is abut breaking the glass ceiling.Speaking in its clubhuse,Owusu describes his rise in scial status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Jurney”.And he says it began by asking the wman herself.“T this day it still has an impact.My cnfidence changed frm that sliding-dr mment.Smething abut her cnnected with me.”
Thatcher tld Owusu she enjyed being called the Irn Lady.“I think it’s rather a praise,dn’t yu?” she said,“because s ften peple have said t me,‘if yu’re in yur jb yu’ve gt t be sft and warm and human,but yu’ve gt t have a tuch f steel.’” Owusu recalls the mment,“I just remember her eye cntact.She was answering me,nt the camera.She welcmed the questin saying ‘yu’ve gt t be firm in this wrld’.And that stuck with me.”
After the shw was bradcast,Owusu said he became “a little her in Brixtn fr a gd three mnths”.Owusu added,“It all gave me extra cnfidence.Drs might nt have pened s quickly.It was ne f thse key mments t make yu d things maybe yu wuldn’t therwise have dne.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响,从而改变了自己的人生。
1.What d we knw abut Owusu when he was 13?
A.He met with Thatcher twice.
B.He jined a famus glf club.
C.He hsted a BBC’s prgramme.
D.He lived at the bttm f sciety.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,Owusu 13岁时生活在社会的底层。
2.What d the underlined wrds “sliding-dr mment” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A.Turning pint.
B.Imprtant decisin.
C.Scial status.
D.Remarkable achievement.
答案 A
解析 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“T this day it still has an impact.My cnfidence changed”可知,从那一刻Owusu的信心改变了,说明那是一个转折点,sliding-dr mment的意思是“转折点”,和turning pint意思相近。
3.Based n the text,what made a big difference t Owusu?
A.Others’ treating him equally at wrk.
B.Others’ vting him a her in Brixtn.
C.Thatcher’s effrts t preserve his dignity.
D.Thatcher’s faith in the necessity f tughness.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because s ften peple have said t me ‘if yu’re in yur jb yu’ve gt t be sft and warm and human,but yu’ve gt t have a tuch f steel.’”和“She welcmed the questin saying ‘yu’ve gt t be firm in this wrld’.And that stuck with me.”可知,Thatcher夫人坚信强硬的必要性使Owusu发生了巨大的变化。
4.Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A.The Art f Dialgue
B.The Pwer f Cnfidence
C.A Life-Changing Meeting
D.A Status-Imprving Tale
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第三段中的“Speaking in its clubhuse,Owusu describes his rise in scial status as a ‘Thatcherite Jurney’.And he says it began by asking the wman herself.‘T this day it still has an impact.My cnfidence changed frm that sliding-dr mment.Smething abut her cnnected with me.’”可知,本文主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响,从而改变了自己的人生,因此最恰当的标题是C选项“A Life-changing Meeting”。
Passage 2 (2024广东广州一模)
主题:研究发现 词数:307 难度:★★★☆☆
When adult humans meet a baby,many can’t help speaking in a higher-pitched (更高音的),sing-sngy vice.This shift,knwn as parentese,is nt unique t humans—it has als been bserved in animals like mnkeys and grillas.Nw,scientists are adding ne mre species t that list:bttlense dlphins.
Dlphins are intelligent animals that live and hunt in grups.They cmmunicate in a unique way:every individual prduces its wn signature sund that acts much like an ID card,usually by its first birthday.But hw des each cme up with its distinctive whistle? Fr babies,it might have smething t d with listening t Mum.T slve this mystery,researchers examined the sunds mther dlphins make.
Scientists studied 34 years’ wrth f recrdings f sunds made by 19 female bttlense dlphins.When the mther dlphins were near their yung,they cntinued t make their signature sund,but at a higher frequency.They als used a wider range f frequencies than they did when their babies were nt nearby.
This discvery suggests that using these mdificatins mther dlphins assist their yung in learning hw t prduce these calls themselves.Since dlphin babies ften spend sme years with their mthers befre living n their wn,it makes sense that this adaptatin wuld help them learn t cmmunicate.At the very least,the higher-pitched whistle likely gets the babies’ attentin.“It’s imprtant fr a baby t knw,‘Oh,Mum’s talking t me nw,’” says marine bilgist June Mann.
This kind f research culd help us understand hw language develped in humans.“It is abslutely essential t have basic knwledge abut ther species and hw they cmmunicate,” says Mann.“I wuld be really interested t see whether dlphins als change their sunds when interacting with babies f thers,which is what happens in humans.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海豚妈妈通过教授幼崽使用独特的声音来教会幼崽说话。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。
5.What d the underlined wrds “this mystery” refer t in paragraph 2?
A.Why dlphins live and play in grups.
B.Hw dlphins develp their unique sunds.
C.What aspects f intelligence dlphins pssess.
D.Whether dlphins can use parentese like humans.
答案 B
解析 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“But hw des each cme up with its distinctive whistle? Fr babies,it might have smething t d with listening t Mum.”以及下文“researchers examined the sunds mther dlphins make”可知,海豚发出独特的声音与听到海豚妈妈的声音有关,所以为了解开“海豚如何发出独特的声音”这个谜团,研究人员检查了海豚妈妈发出的声音。故画线词指的是“海豚如何发出独特的声音”。
6.Hw did the researchers carry ut their study f dlphins?
A.By analyzing mther dlphins’ sund features.
B.By recrding parent-child interactin frequency.
C.By measuring the distance between parent and child.
D.By examining the speech rgans f mther dlphins.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Scientists studied 34 years’ wrth f recrdings f sunds made by 19 female bttlense dlphins.”可知,研究人员通过分析雌性海豚的声音特征对海豚进行研究。
7.What is a suggested reasn why dlphin mthers use parentese with their yung?
A.T help them learn t talk.
B.T teach them hunting skills.
C.T express wrry and care.
D.T distract their attentin.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“This discvery suggests that using these mdificatins mther dlphins assist their yung in learning hw t prduce these calls themselves.”可知,海豚妈妈对幼崽使用父母语的原因是帮助它们学会说话。
8.What is the purpse f the text?
A.T cmpare the parentese f humans and dlphins.
B.T illustrate the develpment f dlphin intelligence.
C.T share new findings abut dlphin cmmunicatin.
D.T highlight the value f studying dlphins’ language.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。文章主要说明了海豚妈妈通过教授幼崽使用独特的声音来教会幼崽说话并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义,由此可知,文章的目的是分享有关海豚交流的新发现。
Passage 3 (2024江西鹰潭一模)
主题:黄河数字孪生体 词数:386 难度:★★★☆☆
The Yellw River is the cradle (摇篮) f China’s civilizatin.And fld cntrl and preventin have always been key t the well-being f the peple living alng it.Nw,scientists can better wrk n these issues by giving the river a digital twin.
The digital twin f the Yellw River uses varius technlgies,including big data,artificial intelligence,and the internet f things.Devices set up alng the river cllect and transmit infrmatin t the cmmand center.Based n the infrmatin,a 3D mdel f the river is presented n the cmputer screen.It’s like the Yellw River has a twin that reflects its real cnditins.
One big breakthrugh in the river’s digital gvernance (治理) is “smart stnes”.Accrding t Wang Qin,a lead researcher at the Infrmatin Center f Yellw River Henan Bureau,a smart stne is a water-prf stne-shaped device with chips,a battery,and a signal transmitter.They are buried in imprtant dike (堤坝) lcatins t recrd and reprt the mvement f dike stnes.“Upn feeling mvement f the dike stnes,the smart stne sends an alarm t the cmmand center fr quick respnse,” Wang said.“In the past,researchers had t learn the cnditins f the dike n the spt by themselves,putting their lives at risk,” said Zha Xiaxing frm the bureau.“Nw the smart stnes can d this fr us,mre safely,quickly,and accurately.”
And in the sky,drnes (无人机) are flying.On the rutes designed by engineers,the drnes becme expert patrllers f the river,lking at its dikes and fld preventin prjects.Accrding t Shen Lin frm the Yellw River Cnservancy Cmmissin,thanks t the drnes,researchers at the cmmand center can get first-hand phts and infrmatin.“Researchers then update the 3D mdel accrding t the changes the drnes reprted.The newly updated mdel helps us test ur fldwater release plans in case we ever need t batten dwn the hatches,” said Shen.
Under the water and up in the sky,intelligent systems are helping t prtect the Yellw River Basin n all frnts.Accrding t the Ministry f Water Resurces,in the future,we can expect t see the cnstructin f an even mre cmprehensive digital system fr this imprtant river.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黄河数字孪生体的创建目的、运行方式和发展。
9.What is the main purpse f creating a digital twin f the Yellw River?
A.T cnduct histrical research.
B.T raise public awareness f river prtectin.
C.T imprve fld cntrl and preventin effrts.
D.T create a virtual turist attractin.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“And fld cntrl and preventin have always been key t the well-being f the peple living alng it.Nw,scientists can better wrk n these issues by giving the river a digital twin.”可知,创建黄河数字孪生体的主要目的是加强防洪工作。
10.Hw d the smart stnes cntribute t the river’s digital gvernance?
A.They recrd water quality.
B.They serve as markers fr imprtant lcatins.
C.They enhance the river’s beauty.
D.They mnitr and reprt dike mvements.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They are buried in imprtant dike lcatins t recrd and reprt the mvement f dike stnes.”可知,智能石头通过监测和报告堤坝的运动来为河流的数字化治理做出贡献。
11.What is ne f the functins f drnes in the digital gvernance f the Yellw River?
A.Entertaining turists.
B.Cllecting infrmatin n dike cnditins.
C.Patrlling and taking wildlife phts.
D.Giving warning f cming flds.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“On the rutes designed by engineers,the drnes becme expert patrllers f the river,lking at its dikes and fld preventin prjects.”可知,无人机在黄河数字化治理中的作用之一是收集堤防状况信息。
12.What des the underlined phrase “batten dwn the hatches” in the furth paragraph mean?
A.Prepare fr difficult times.
B.Fresee the future.
C.Wrk hard t achieve ne’s gals.
D.Overcme challenges.
答案 A
解析 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Accrding t Shen Lin frm the Yellw River Cnservancy Cmmissin,thanks t the drnes,researchers at the cmmand center can get first-hand phts and infrmatin.‘Researchers then update the 3D mdel accrding t the changes the drnes reprted.The newly updated mdel helps us test ur fldwater release plans in case we ever need t batten dwn the hatches,’ said Shen.”可知,使用无人机可以获得黄河水利情况的第一手资料,研究人员可以根据无人机发回的资料实时更新3D模型,这样做可以提早预防洪涝等紧急情况,以便做出快速回应。故推知batten dwn the hatches应表示“做好准备,未雨绸缪”之意,与A项“Prepare fr difficult times.”同义。