适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练8词句猜测题2（附解析）

这是一份适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练8词句猜测题2（附解析），共8页。

Passage1
(2023湖北武汉二模)
D yu ever hear a friend speak n a tpic with the belief that “everyne” thinks the same way?D yu ften find yurself surrunded in a scial media feed that is cmpletely tailred t yu and yur beliefs,reading alng withut the immediate realizatin?
A scial media ech chamber(回音室) is when ne experiences a tailred media experience that leave ut ppsing viewpints and differing vices.Scial media sites like Meta,Twitter,and YuTube cnnect grups f like-minded users tgether based n shared cntent preferences.As a result,peple see and take in infrmatin accrding t ur preexisting beliefs and pinins.Scial media cmpanies therefre rely n algrithms(算法) t assess ur interests and fld us with infrmatin that will keep ur attentin.The algrithms fcus n what we “like”,and “share” t keep feeding cntent that makes us cmfrtable.
In rder t truly get access t all infrmatin and t evaluate ur media,we must give urselves the pprtunity t step ut f ur cmfrt zne.While this becmes increasingly challenging,there are things we can d.The first step is t beef up yur media cnsumptin surces.Adding in a few media surces with differing pinins will allw yu t at least understand what peple are saying utside f yur ech chamber.Next,read each thing yu see with a critical eye.Make sure that each thing yu accept as truth is truly fact.Lastly,attempt t search ut reliable new surces that are knwn fr trying their best t leave ut false infrmatin.By accepting that ur media buffet n scial media is a prduct f ur present beliefs and pinins,we can wrk t make sure we are nt simply stuck in a scial media ech chamber.
1.What is a result f the scial media ech chamber?
A.Peple cntact like-minded nline users effectively.
B.Peple keep reading fr mre differing viewpints.
C.Peple rely n algrithms t evaluate their interests.
D.Peple nly get infrmatin cnfirming their beliefs.
2.Whatdes“beefup”underlinedinparagraph3mean?
A.Track. B.Imprve.
C.Prvide.D.Identify.
3.Which f the fllwing can help us get ut f the ech chamber?
A.Criticizing fake news n scial media.
B.Expsing urselves t ppsing vices.
C.Researching primary surces f infrmatin.
D.Accepting ur present beliefs and pinins.
4.What is the purpse f the text?
A.T call n peple t use algrithms frequently.
B.T ask peple nt t take in infrmatin blindly.
C.T prmte the use f varius scial media sites.
D.T infrm peple f new technlgy develpments.
Passage2
(2023湖南邵阳二模)
Our planet Earth is full f life and has incredible bidiversity.Bilgical diversity r bidiversity is the base f human existence and fundamental t its well-being.Species are the building blcks f this life n Earth,and it is believed that the species that are at present glbally fund have cntinuusly evlved ver 65 millin years since the Last Mass Extinctin.Hwever,the nature and extent f ur planet’s bidiversity at all levels have nt been cmpletely evaluated yet.Thus,the exact number f species fund in the wrld remains unknwn.Over the years,with the advancement f scientific knwledge and the discvery f mre new species,it has been apprximated that there are,at present,10 millin t 14 millin species n Earth,f which 1.2 millin species have been data-based.This means that still mre than 86% f the terrestrial(陆生的) and 91% f the marine species remain unknwn.
Every year,taxnmists(分类学家)describe thusands f species,sme f which are cmpletely new t science,while in sme cases,the species and subspecies are clsely examined and determined whether they can be cnsidered distinct species.
A study has revealed that ver 99.9% f all species amunting t mre than 5 billin species that ever lived here,are believed t be extinct.At present,ur planet huses millins f species,amng which 86% live n land,13% in the deep subsurface,and a mere 1% in the ceans.Hwever,bidiversity is nt evenly distributed n Earth,and its number varies greatly n different cntinents.
The undiscvered and misidentified species slw ur ability t understand patterns and changes in glbal bidiversity and the rate f species extinctins(灭绝).Even after several years f taxnmic studies,nly 14% f terrestrial species and 9% f marine species have been fficially added t the central database.Necessarily,sme species will becme extinct befre researchers realize they ever existed.
5.Whatdestheunderlinedwrd“marine”meaninparagraph1?
A.Rare.B.Oceanic.
C.Endangered.D.Nvel.
6.What d taxnmists usually d?
A.Examine distributin f species.
B.Cmpare species frm subspecies.
C.Decide the situatin f the species.
D.Describe diversity f new-fund species.
7.Which f the fllwing can describe the distributin f the Earth’s bidiversity?
A.Unequal.B.Accumulative.
C.Average.D.Maximum.
8.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A.The central database cvers all species.
B.The rate f species extinctins is rather high.
C.Many undiscvered species have been extinct.
D.Humans knw little abut endangered species.
Passage3
(2023辽宁鞍山一模)
Humans are develping new places t live in.In the suth f Silicn Valley sits the Mnterey Peninsula,where yu’ll find a mveable cmmunity that’s being designed as a rest regin fr the regin’s tech elites(精英).
Walden Mnterey was funded in 2016 by develper Nick Jekgian,wh set ut t turn the 609-acre land int a castal “agrihd” cmmunity,a grwing trend amng the tech elites in which they avid the idea f belnging t glf cmmunities,unlike what the previus generatins have dne,and instead enjy agricultural neighbrhds that fcus n nature,farms,and utdr living.
The prperty plans t build 22 hmes in ttal,with the lts they sit csting abut $1 millin each(three lts have been sld,as f September 2018).After the sales are made,buyers can wrk with a team f mre than 20 architects assembled by Jekgian t then pay additinal millins each fr hme cnstructin.
A key step in the buying prcess invlves ptential buyers actually visiting the land.Jekgian invites peple t stay in “mveable rms” r small mveable glass huses,which allw them t experience what living n the land wuld actually be like.
But nw,Walden Mnterey will sn prvide a new way t try ut the land.The design studi DFA,funded by Laith Sayigh,was apprached by Walden Mnterey t design a huse fr ptential buyers t stay each in while they think abut purchase decisins.
The 3D-printed huses,named Galini Sleeping Pds,are 300 square feet in size,can be mved anywhere,are pwered by slar panels,wind turbines and Tesla batteries,and will cst abut $250,000 each.Sayigh tld BusinessInsider that they’ re nt just a future staple fr the Walden Mnterey cmmunity,but that they represent the next generatin f cnstructin technlgy.
9.What life d the tech elites like accrding t the text?
A.Getting clse t nature.
B.Playing glf after wrk.
C.Living in a big huse.
D.Having a huse in Silicn Valley.
10.What’s the purpse f designing Galini Sleeping Pds?
A.T attract mre peple t visit the design studi DFA.
B.T give a rule fr the future cnstructin technlgy.
C.T call n architects t build mre mveable cmmunities.
D.T ffer buyers chances t try living in a mveable huse.
11.Whatdestheunderlinedwrd“they”inthelastparagraphrefert?
A.Slar panels.
B.The 3D-printed huses.
C.Tesla batteries.
D.The Walden Mnterey Cmmunity.
12.What can we infer frm the text?
A.The style f the huses depends n buyers’ wn ideas.
B.Buyers shuld pay ff the expense f the huses in ne attempt.
C.The mney spent n cnstructing the huses is mre than the cst f the lts.
D.Buyers f the huses are frbidden t get invlved in the prcess f cnstructing.
答案：
考点分类练(八) 词句猜测题(2)
Passage1
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。社交媒体回音室是指一个人体验量身定制的媒体体验,将对立的观点和不同的声音排除在外。本文主要分析了社交媒体回音室产生的原因,并就如何确保我们不会简单地被困在社交媒体的回音室里提出建议。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Asaresult,pepleseeandtakeininfrmatinaccrdingturpreexistingbeliefsandpinins.”可知,社交媒体回音室的结果是人们只能得到证实他们信仰的信息。
2.B 词句猜测题。根据第三段画线短语后的句子“Addinginafewmediasurceswithdifferingpininswillallwyutatleastunderstandwhatpeplearesayingutsidefyurechchamber.”可推知,人们需要加强媒体消费来源,从而真正获得所有信息并评估我们的媒体。故beefup意为“加强;改进”。
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Addinginafewmediasurceswithdifferingpininswillallwyutatleastunderstandwhatpeplearesayingutsidefyurechchamber.”可知,让自己暴露在反对的声音中可以帮助我们走出社交媒体回音室。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Inrderttrulygetaccesstallinfrmatinandtevaluateurmedia,wemustgiveurselvesthepprtunitytsteputfurcmfrtzne.”和最后一句“Byacceptingthaturmediabuffetnscialmediaisaprductfurpresentbeliefsandpinins,wecanwrktmakesurewearentsimplystuckinascialmediaechchamber.”可知,作者希望通过本文呼吁人们不要盲目接收信息。
Passage2
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球上存在的生物多样性和物种的数量。
5.B 词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Thismeansthatstillmrethan86%ftheterrestrialand91%fthemarinespeciesremainunknwn.”中的“mrethan86%ftheterrestrial”可知,画线词指与“陆生的”相对,即“海生的”,与B项“ceanic”意思相同。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“whileinsmecases,thespeciesandsubspeciesareclselyexaminedanddeterminedwhethertheycanbecnsidereddistinctspecies.”可知,分类学家通常会确定物种的情况。
7.A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Hwever,bidiversityisntevenlydistributednEarth,anditsnumbervariesgreatlyndifferentcntinents.”可知,地球上的生物多样性的分布是不均的,不同洲的生物种类的数量大为不同。
8.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Necessarily,smespecieswillbecmeextinctbefreresearchersrealizetheyeverexisted.”可知,许多未被发现的物种已经灭绝。
Passage3
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为科技精英设计的可移动的房子,它具有可持续发展的特点,也满足这些科技精英接近自然的喜好。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知,科技精英中的一个日益增长的趋势是,他们与前几代人不同,他们没有高尔夫社区的想法,而是拥抱以自然农场和户外生活为重点的农业社区,因此可知,科技精英喜欢接近自然。
10.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The3D-printedhuses,namedGaliniSleepingPds,are300squarefeetinsize,canbemvedanywhere,arepweredbyslarpanels,windturbinesandTeslabatteries,andwillcstabut$250,000each.” 可知,设计Galini睡眠舱的目的是让买家有机会尝试住在活动房屋中。
11.B 词句猜测题。根据上文“The3D-printedhuses,namedGaliniSleepingPds,are300squarefeetinsize,canbemvedanywhere,arepweredbyslarpanels,windturbinesandTeslabatteries,andwillcstabut$250,000each.”可知,下文画线句中的they指代上文提的“The3D-printedhuses”。
12.C 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Theprpertyplanstbuild22hmesinttal,withtheltstheysitcstingabut$1millineach(threeltshavebeensld,asfSeptember2018).”和最后一段的“willcstabut$250,000each”可知,建造房屋所花的钱为$250,000*22($5,500,000)超过了地皮的成本($1,000,000)。
词汇积累:
1.(Passage 1)leave ut 删掉
2.(Passage 1)preference n.偏爱
3.(Passage 1)rely n依靠
4.(Passage 1)get access t获得
5.(Passage 1)at least至少
6.(Passage 2)fundamental adj.根本的,必不可少的
7.(Passage 2)amunt t总计为
8.(Passage 2)distribute vt.使分布
9.(Passage 3)try ut尝试,试用
10.(Passage 3)staple adj.主要的
熟词生义:
(Passage 3)pwer vt.给……提供能量
长难句分析:
1.(Passage 2)Every year,taxnmists describe thusands f species,sme f which are cmpletely new t science,while in sme cases,the species and subspecies are clsely examined and determined whether they can be cnsidered distinct species.
分析:本句为并列复合句。while为并列连词,表示对比,意为“而”;sme f which are cmpletely new t science为非限制性定语从句,whether they can be cnsidered distinct species为whether引导的宾语从句。
句意:每年,分类学家都要描述成千上万个物种,其中一些对科学来说是全新的,而在某些情况下,物种和亚种要经过仔细检查,以确定它们是否可以被认为是不同的物种。
2.(Passage 3)Walden Mnterey was funded in 2016 by develper Nick Jekgian,wh set ut t turn the 609-acre land int a castal “agrihd” cmmunity,a grwing trend amng the tech elites in which they avid the idea f belnging t glf cmmunities,unlike what the previus generatins have dne,and instead enjy agricultural neighbrhds that fcus n nature,farms,and utdr living.
分析:本句为复合句。wh set ut t turn the 609-acre land int a castal “agrihd” cmmunity为wh引导的非限制性定语从句;in which they avid the idea f belnging t glf cmmunities为in which引导的定语从句;what the previus generatins have dne为what引导的宾语从句;that fcus n nature,farms,and utdr living为that引导的定语从句。
句意:Walden Mnterey由开发商Nick Jekgian于2016年创立,他打算将609英亩的土地变成一个沿海“农业”社区,这在科技精英中是一种日益增长的趋势,他们避免属于高尔夫社区的想法,不像前几代人所做的那样,而是专注于享受自然、农场和户外生活的农业社区。