人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration课堂检测

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration课堂检测，共14页。

【教材原句】
Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help humans realize their dream t explre space. (教材P40)
Hwever, thers feel this is a shallw view which fails t realize hw explring space helps us. (教材P44)
Seeing pictures f ur planet as an island in a black sea made peple realize that ur planet’s resurces are limited. (教材P44)
【辨析】
两者都有“实现”的意思，但用法有区别。
cme true 是系表结构, 无被动语态, 句型结构为：sth. cme(s) true，这里的cme 为系动词，表示“变成”的意思。
realize vt. 意思是 = 1 \* GB3 ①“实现， 使…..成为现实” = 2 \* GB3 ②“认识到，意识到”（通常不用于进行时态）。
【例句呈现】
These predictins will cme true if technlgy cntinues t develp.
如果科技不断发展，这些预言将会成真。
His dream will cme true sner r later.
他的理想迟早会实现。
Her wish t becme a dctr has cme true.
她想当医生的愿望实现了。
All ur dreams can cme true if we have the curage t pursue them.
只要有勇气去追求，一切梦想皆可成真。
Peple think all they need t d is endure ne crazy, intense, jb-free creative burst and their dreams will cme true.
人们认为他们所需要做的事是忍耐一个疯狂，强烈的，无责任的创意突发而他们的梦想将成真。
My dream f getting int Beijing university has cme true.
去北京大学读书让我的梦想成真。
The mment I saw her, I realized smething was wrng.
我一看到她，就觉得不太对劲。
I dn't think yu realize hw imprtant this is t her.
我认为你没有意识到这对她是多么重要。
The situatin was mre cmplicated than they had at first realized.
形势比他们最初意识到的更为复杂。
They managed t leave withut any f us realizing.
我们谁也没注意，他们悄悄走了。
Only later did she realize her mistake.
只是到了后来她才意识到自己的错误。
Thse are ur hpes; we are starting this clinical trial t investigate whether thse hpes will be realized.
那些就是我们的希望；我们正在开展这些临床试验以调查那些希望是否可以实现。
Varius textile techniques will be explred t realize design pssibilities.
将尝试和探索纺织技巧来把这些设计变为现实。
D yu realize the imprtance f this questin?
你意识到这个问题的重要性吗 ?
Only then did he realize that he had been wrng.
直到这时他才知道他错了.
【考点过关】
用cme true或realize 的适当形式填空
1. The jbless can nly hpe that such predictins will ______.
2. Every minute yu are making all yur dreams ______!
3. What dreams wuld yu like t see ________?
4. Did Tm’s predictins abut the gulf ecsystem _______?
5. As sn as we _______ smething was wrng, we mved the children away.
6. Peple dn't _______ hw serius this recessin has actually been.
7. There was a cheer when it ________ that everyne was safely back.
8. She _________ her ambitin f becming a prfessinal singer at last.
9. It takes patience fr humans t ______ their dreams
10. It cannt ________ withut technlgical innvatin.
【参考答案】
1. cme true/be realized; 2. cme true/realized; 3. cme true/realized; 4. cme true; 5. realized; 6. realize; 7. came true/was realized; 8. realized; 9. realize; 10. cme true/realize
●mankind; man; human; human being; human race
【教材原句】
Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help humans realize their dream t explre space. (教材P40)
China became the third cuntry in the wrld t independently send humans int space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully rbited Earth in the Shenzhu 5 spacecraft. (教材P41)
【辨析】
五个词或短语都表示“人，人类”，但用法有细微区别。
mankind, man作“人类”讲时，都是不可数名词，前面不可加任何冠词（包括定冠词和不定冠词）。它们对应的代词为it或its, 而不是they, them和their
温馨提示：man 做人类讲作主语时，谓语用单数，而human作主语时，谓语既可用单数也可用复数。
human, human being; human race 意思是““人，人类”, 是可数名词，可以构成以下表达：a human; three humans; a human being; tw human beings; a human race; three human races；human 除了作名词，也可作形容词，表示“人的，人类的”。这三个词或词组作名词时完全可以换用。
【例句呈现】
Mankind's/man’s knwledge f the universe has increased beynd measure
人类对于宇宙的了解已经大为增加。
His research is fr the betterment f mankind/man.
他的研究是为全人类造福。
It exerts a civilizing influence n mankind/man.
这产生了教化人类的影响。
The civilizatin f mankind/man has taken thusands f years t develp.
人类经数千年才文明开化。
Mankind must put an end t war, r war will put an end t mankind/man.
人类必须结束战争，否则战争就会毁灭人类。
In the wrld tday, mankind/man is prgressing at a tremendus pace.
在当今世界，人类进步一日千里。
That is n way t treat anther human being/human race/human.
那绝不是对待他人的方式。
Physical perfectin in a human being/human race/human is exceedingly rare.
体貌完美的人极为罕见。
N human being/human race/human n the face f the earth culd d anything wrse than what he did.
世界上再没有人能做出比他更坏的事情来。
N human being/human race/human can be free frm mistakes.
是人总要犯错误。
she's the best human being/human race/human in the wrld.
她是世界上最好的人
Challenges are necessary fr every human being/human race/human wh is seeking quality life.
挑战对于每一个寻找有质量生活的人来说都是十分必要的。
【考点过关】
根据mankind, man, human being, human race和 human的用法填空
1. Althugh the Negres were _______ just like the whites, they were nt treated as human beings.
2. The need t cmmunicate is a key characteristic f ______ sciety.
3. Mankind _______ (use) the hrse since ancient times.
4. Scientists cntinue t push back the bundaries f _______ knwledge.
5. Mankind _______ (try) every means t maintain the balance f nature.
6. Cntact with ther peple is a basic ______ need.
7. All prgressive mankind _______ (lve) peace.
8. She is best knwn fr her wrk n the ______ brain.
9. The Chinese peple shuld make a greater cntributin t ______.
10. Each ______ has t die, but mankind ges n wrld withut end.
11. The cuntry has a pr recrd n ______ rights.
12. Each human being has t die, but _______ ges n wrld withut end.
13. Hw lng can a _______ g withut sleep?
14. In every ______ there is a wish t amelirate his wn cnditin.
15. Asia is ne f the places where _______ riginated.
16. Be a respnsible _______ and d nt d evil things t thers.
17. One f writer's favrite themes is the fraternity f _______.
【参考答案】
1. human beings/humans/human races; 2. human; 3. have/has used; 4. human; 5. have/has been trying; 6. human; 7. lve/lves; 8. human; 9. mankind/man; 10. human being/human race/human; 11. human; 12. mankind/man; 13. human being/human race/human; 14. human being/human race/human; 15. mankind/man; 16. human being/human race/human; 17. mankind/man
●n ne; nne
【教材原句】
N ne knws the answers yet. (教材P42)
【辨析】
两者都是不定代词，意思相近， 但用法和含义上有一定的区别。
n ne 通常只能指代人， 意思是“没有人， 谁都不”， 后面不能接f 短语，而且作主语时句子的谓语动词一般用单数形式，回答hw many 或 hw much 的特殊疑问句时不能用 n ne, 而用 nne; 而在回答 wh/anybdy/anyne 提出的疑问时用 n ne 或nbdy, 而不用nne; n ne 这种否定语气较强，通常与 everyne/everybdy 相对。
nne 既可指代人，也可指代事物，意思是“没有一个人”，“没有任何东西”，往往用于三个或三个以上的人或物的否定，与代词all 相对；作主语时，句子的谓语动词用单数和复数皆可，强调个体时，谓语动词用单数，强调整体时，谓语动词用复数，表示“所有…..都不/没有”；nne后多数情况下接f 短语，作为固定的内容范围。
【例句呈现】
N ne hpes t attend the lecture.
没有人希望听这个报告
-- Wh is ging t the mvie?
谁要去看电影？
-- N ne.
没人。
-- Did anybdy cme t see us while we were away?
我们外出时有人来看我们吗？
N ne.
没人。
These trees were all cut dwn but nne were/was planted.
这些树都被砍伐了，但是没有再栽种一棵树。
Nne f thse bks is/are in Russian.
那些书没有一本是俄文的。
The teacher said that nne f the students watched the experiment carefully.
老师说，没有一个学生仔细观察这次实验。
-- Hw much water is there left in the bttle?
瓶子里还剩多少水？
-- Nne.
没有水了
-- Hw many animals were hurt in the hurricane?
这次飓风中多少动物受到伤害？
-- Nne.
没有任何动物受到伤害。
【考点过关】
用n ne/nbdy或nne 填空
1. _______ f us have/has seen him.
2. -- Hw many students are there in the rm?
-- ______.
3. -- Is there any water in the therms?
-- _______.
4. -- Hw much mney d yu have n yu?
-- _______.
5. I want sme cffee, but there is _______ in the pt.
6. He wants me t lend him sme mney, but I have ______ at hand.
7. They asked fr nine bks, but there _______ nne in the library at present.
8. The war brke ut. All the peple felt frightened but ______ had left there.
9. Srry, but nne f us _______ English.
10. ______ f the mney n the desk is mine.
11. There are many apples in the basket, but ______ f them are fresh.
12. ______ likes a persn with bad manners.
13. -- Wh will g t the party?
-- _______.
14. -- Did any ne f the passengers get injured in the accident?
--N, ______ was injured.
15. -- Did anyne want t attend the meeting?
-- N, _______ wanted t.
【参考答案】
1. Nne; 2. Nne; 3. Nne; 4. Nne; 5. nne; 6. nne; 7. is/are; 8. nne; 9. speaks/speak; 10. Nne; 11. nne; 12. N ne/Nbdy; 13. N ne/Nbdy; 14. nne; 15. n ne/nbdy
●s as t d sth. ;in rder t d sth
【教材原句】
What d they d s as nt t flat arund while they sleep? (教材P43)
【辨析】
两者都可以作目的状语，一般情况下没有什么区别, 常可互换使用, 但用法有细微区别。
s as t d sth. 引导的目的状语只能放在句尾，不能位于句首。
in rder t d sth. 引导的目的状语既可以放句首，也可以放句尾，位置较为灵活。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①两者的否定式: in rder nt t d sth.; s as nt t d sth.
= 2 \* GB3 ② 两者的复合结构: in rder fr sb. t d/s as fr sb. t d （当不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,必须用其复合结构）。
【例句呈现】
He arrived early in rder t/s as t get a gd seat.
他很早到达了以便找到好座位。
In rder t arrive befre dark, we started early.
为了天黑前到达，我们很早就出发了。
Yu'd better check the names nce again s as t avid mistakes.
你最好再检查一下名字，以免搞错。
The test questins are kept secret s as t prevent cheating.
试题要保密，以免泄密。
I gt up early in rder t catch the first bus.
为了赶上第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I gt up early in rder nt t miss the first bus.
为了不错过第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I wke him early in rder fr him nt t miss the first bus.
我把他早早叫醒，为的是不让他错过第一班车。
He started early s as t be there n time.
他出发很早，以便准时赶到那里。
【考点过关】
根据in rder t d sth. 和 s as t d sth. 用法填空
1. We first need t understand the current usage scenaris and analyze the resulting perfrmance prblems _______ t d the crrect perfrmance crrecting actins.
2. He started early _______ nt t be late fr schl.
3. Zhang Yang’s mther wke him early _______ fr him nt t be late fr wrk.
4. And _______ t d that, I need t talk abut mice a little bit.
5. S, ______t d that, the technlgy has t be just as much human as it is artificial.
6. The purpse f these practices is t make athletes have a quicker recvery after training _______ t d their future study and training well.
【参考答案】
1. in rder/s as; 2. in rder/s as; 3. in rder/s as; 4. in rder; 5. in rder; 6. in rder/s as
【参考答案】
1. cntained; 2. including; 3. cntain; 4. included; 5. cntains; 6. include; 7. cntain; 8. includes; 9. cntains; 10. including
●whether; if（是否）
【教材原句】
Cuntries arund the glbe are spending billins f dllars and lts f time n varius space missins, whether t Mars r ther planets much further away. (教材P44)
【辨析】
两者都表示“是否”，但用法有一定区别。
whether = 1 \* GB3 ①引导主语从句可位于句首，if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾, 用it 做形式主语放句首。 = 2 \* GB3 ②介词之后宾语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if。 = 3 \* GB3 ③whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句, if则不能。 = 4 \* GB3 ④whether可以和动词不定式连用，if 则不能。 = 5 \* GB3 ⑤在whether …… r nt 的固定搭配中, 一般不用if 。whether和if都可用it作形式主语从句中。 = 6 \* GB3 ⑥在discuss/cnsider等某些动词之后，只能用whether，不能用if引导宾语从句。
if 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether.
【例句呈现】
I dn’t knw whether they will cme r nt.
我不知道他们是否回来。
I dn’t knw if / whether it will snw tmrrw.
我不知道明天是否会下雪。
Can yu tell me whether t g swimming after supper?
你能告诉我饭后去哪儿游泳吗？
I wrry abut whether he will be angry with me.
我担心他是否生我的气。
Yu shuld cnsider whether the car yu are interested in is gd value.
你应该考虑你感兴趣的小汽车是否有价值。
I can’t decide whether t stay.
我不能决定是否留下。
I want t knw whether it’s gd news r nt.
我想知道是否是好消息。
His father is wrried abut whether he will lse his wrk.
他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
Whether they can finish the wrk n time is still a prblem.
他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
I want t knw whether/if he lives there.
我想知道是否他住在那儿。
【考点过关】
用whether和if填空
1. He asked me _______ I culd help him.
2. ______ the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is nt knwn yet.
3. Success depends n _______ we make enugh effrt.
4. It's uncertain he'll cme this evening.
5. The questin is ________ it is nt wrth ding.
6. The questin ________ the students answered crrectly shuld be decided by the teacher.
7. We are uncertain Mary will cme.
8. Please tell us ________ t g r stay here.
9. We discussed ________ we shuld clse the shp.
10. He asked me _______ I hadn't finished my wrk.
11. I can't decide ________ t buy this pen r that ne.
12. My questin is _______ the Chinese team can g further.
13. _______ I can pass the exam isn’t clear.
【参考答案】
1. whether/if; 2. Whether; 3. whether; 4. whether/if; 5. whether; 6. whether; 7. whether/if; 8. whether; 9. whether; 10. if; 11. whether; 12. whether; 13. Whether
●such as; fr example
【教材原句】
Instead, we shuld feed the wrld’s pr and find immediate slutins t ther prblems, such as pllutin and fatal diseases. (教材P44)
Tday, space technlgies are widely used in all kinds f industries, and everyday prducts such as GPS, memry fam pillws, and smart phne cameras are changing ur lives. (教材P44)
【辨析】
两者都可用于表示举例事物或情况，有时可互换，有一定区别。
such as 意思是“例如; 像; 象…这样; 诸如…之类”, 相当于like, 可以用来列举一个事物或情况，这时可以和fr example换用，但更多情况下用于列举两个或两个以上的事物或情况，而且不能放在句首和句尾，such as后也不跟逗号，有时such 和as可以分开。
fr example意思是“例如，比如”，相当于fr instance, 一般列举一个事物或情况，fr和example不能分开，fr example后常接逗号，也可不用逗号；fr example或fr instance可以放句首或句尾。
【例句呈现】
Organizatins such as schls and clubs bind a cmmunity tgether.
诸如学校、俱乐部等机构使社区成为一个整体。
The rate is determined by intrinsic qualities such as the land's slpe.
速度由诸如地面坡度这样的内在因素决定。
Persnal characteristics, such as age and sex are taken int accunt.
个人的特征，如年龄和性别等，都要考虑进去。
Sme huses still lack basic amenities such as bathrms.
有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。
A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and fld
公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。
She was invlved in many New Age activities such as yga and healing.
她参加了很多“新时代”活动，如瑜伽和康复法。
Yu have t type in cmmands, such as 'help' and 'print'
你必须输入命令，例如“帮助”或“打印”。
The reprt is incmplete; it des nt include sales in France, fr example.
这份报告不完整，例如在法国的销售情况就没包括进去。
Have they, fr example, demnstrated a cmmitment t demcracy?
例如，他们是否已表现出会致力于民主？
Let us suppse, fr example, that yu are married with tw children.
比方说，我们假设你成家了，还有两个孩子。
Many factrs are imprtant, such as class, gender, age and ethnicity.
许多因素都很重要，如阶级、性别、年龄及民族。
It is pssible t cmbine Cmputer Science with ther subjects, fr example Physics.
将计算机科学与其他学科，如物理学，结合起来是可能的。
There is a similar wrd in many languages, such as in French and in Italian.
许多语言，譬如法语和意大利语，都有相似的词。
There's cnfusin and resentment, and it's almst never expressed ut in the pen. Take this ffice, fr example.
有人迷惘，有人憎恨，可是几乎谁也没有公开表达过。就拿这个办公室的人来说吧。
【考点过关】
根据dnate, cntribute 的用法及适当形式填空
1. After talking abut the jb in general, we gt dwn t the specifics, ________ the salary.
2. Carmakers use rbts t d unpleasant jbs, ________ painting cars in ht cnditins.
3. There is a real risk f injury in sprts ________ climbing.
4. There are many big cities in Eurpe, ________, Lndn, Paris and Rme.
5. ________, we are t have less clthes, cal and fd even than we have had and less petrl than we expected.
6. I knw many wmen wh have a career and a family Alisn ________.
7. Great men have risen frm pverty—Lincln and Edisn, ________.
8. Many yung peple are taking radi curses in English. There is the by next dr, ________.
9. Sme sprts, _______ mtr racing, can be dangerus.
10. My wife likes scial activities, ______ tennis and glf.
11. Avid unhealthy fds ______ hamburger and chips.
12. The disease attacks such animals _______ cats and dgs.
13. Each situatin is different. ______, a man with a rich wife desn't have t wrk.
14. Yu make t many mistakes—lts f spelling mistakes, ______.
15. One f the side effects may be t change the gegraphical distributin f parasitic diseases _______ malaria.
【参考答案】
1. such as / fr example 2. such as / fr example 3. such as / like 4. fr example 5. Fr example 6. fr example 7. fr example 8. fr example; 9. such as/fr example; 10. such as/like; 11. such as/like; 12. as; 13. Fr example; 14. fr example; 15. such as/fr example
●widely; wide (副词)
【教材原句】
Tday, space technlgies are widely used in all kinds f industries, and everyday prducts such as GPS, memry fam pillws, and smart phne cameras are changing ur lives. (教材P44)
【辨析】
wide 做副词时表示“宽，宽地”，强调实际的具体的宽，可以测量出具体数值。wide awake 完全醒着；far and wide到处，四面八方，都是习惯短语。
widely 副词，表示“广泛地，普遍地，相差甚远地”，强调程度，无法测量出实际宽度。
【例句呈现】
The champinship is still wide pen.
谁将获得冠军还难以预料。
The flwers spread their fragrance far and wide.
花儿的芳香散发到四面八方。
Open yur muth wide, s that I may see clearly what's wrng with yur teeth.
把嘴张大些,以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。
The dr was wide pen.
门敞开着。
He was standing with his feet wide apart.
他站在那儿，两脚分开的距离很大。
He has traveled widely.
他曾在广泛地区旅行。
The mst widely distributed is the Hui peple.
分布最广的是回族。
Gas is nw widely used fr cking and heating.
现在普遍用煤气烧饭和取暖。
That the attempt t save her had failed sn became widely knwn.
想救她而未救成，此事不久已尽人皆知。
The cnversatin ranged widely.
谈话内容十分广泛。
Prices vary widely frm shp t shp.
各家商店价格悬殊很大。
Sciety is made up f peple f widely differing abilities.
社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
In bed he lay wide awake.
他睡意全无地躺在床
【考点过关】
用wide和widely填空。
1. We must publicize the meeting ________.
2. The river runs ______
3. The schl is _______ admired fr its excellent teaching.
4. He pened the windw _______.
5. He is _______ acknwledged as the best player in the wrld.
6. I want t travel far and ________.
7. Garlic is ________ used in Chinese flk medicine.
8. His name has spread far and ________ and becme mre and mre celebrated with the passing f time.
9. The idea is nw ________ accepted.
10. Thse ld peple lay in bed _______ awake all night lng.
【参考答案】
1. widely; 2. wide; 3. widely; 4. wide; 5. widely; 6. wide; 7. widely; 8. wide; 9. widely; 10. wide