2021北京中考英语试卷+答案+解析(word整理版)

这是一份2021北京中考英语试卷+答案+解析(word整理版)，共11页。试卷主要包含了单项填空，完形填空，阅读理解，阅读表达，文段表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。


第一部分
本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Mary?s birthday is cming. We?ve decided t make a cake fr .
A.himB.herC.yuD.them
2.Space Day f China falls April 24th every year.
A.nB.byC.atD.in
3.— shall we meet fr the picnic?
—At the schl gate.
A.HwB.WhenC.WhyD.Where
4.—Sam, I jin yu in the cmmunity service?
—Of curse yu can.
A.canB.mustC.shuldD.need
5.The dctrs wrked fr ten hurs, nbdy tk a break.
A.sB.frC.butD.r
6.The teacher is glad t see that Tny is than befre.
A.carefulB.mre careful
C.mst carefulD.the mst careful
7.—Peter, what are yu ding?
—Oh, I a reprt abut natinal heres.
A.will writeB.am writingC.wrteD.have written
8.My parents and I trees last Sunday.
A.plantB.will plantC.are plantingD.planted
9.—Lily, what d yu usually d after schl?
—I exercise with my friends.
A.dB.didC.will dD.was ding
10.Mr. Smith Chinese fr tw years. He?s much better at it nw.
A.learnsB.was learningC.has learnedD.will learn
11.Tday, many winter Olympic sprts even by children.
A.enjyedB.enjyC.were enjyedD.are enjyed
12.—Culd yu please tell me ?
—Next Thursday mrning.
A.when we visited the Capital Museum
B.when did we visit the Capital Museum
C.when we will visit the Capital Museum
D.when will we visit the Capital Museum
二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
The Picture f Peace
When Mike was seven, he knew his dream was t be a phtgrapher. He kept wrking n it fr years. Recently, he was trying t take a picture f a sunset(日落) t enter the schl 13 cmpetitin.
“Mm, it has been cludy these days. I dn?t think I can get this picture!” Mike cmplained.
“Why nt use ne f yur phts n the cmputer?” suggested Mm.
“I can?t—the rules say the phts have t be taken with a traditinal camera. We hand in a rll f film, it gets develped(冲洗胶卷), and we 14 ne pht fr the cmpetitin.”
“Why is a sunset s imprtant?” Mm asked.
“The 15 f the cmpetitin is peace,” Mike explained, “and I feel mst peaceful seeing a sunset.”
Zach, his six-year-ld brther, came ut f the bedrm. “Hey, yu want t take a picture f me? Lk!” He put bth arms ver his head.
“Nt right nw,” said Mike, laughing.
That very afternn, Mike felt excited when he saw clear skies. He carefully lined up his sht(镜头) and waited 16 till the sun reached the grund.
“That?s it! Perfect!” he shuted cheerfully.
The next mrning, Mike nticed he culd take ne mre picture t cmplete the rll f film, s he walked int Zach?s rm. Zach was 17 quietly with a teddy bear under his arm. Mike didn?t wake Zach up, and carefully tk a picture f him.
A week later, Mike gt the phts. The sunset picture was the ne he was mst 18 t see. There it was! It was as nearly perfect as Mike had expected.
Then, he lked thrugh the ther phts. Suddenly, he stpped. His eyebrws(眉毛) rse as he 19 the pht f Zach. He lked back at the pht f the sunset, which seemed less perfect nw. He 20 the tw chices. Finally, he decided t hand in the pht f Zach fr the cmpetitin.
B.tennisC.phtD.chess
B.cllectC.describeD.design
B.tpicC.resultD.purpse
B.bravelyC.hpefullyD.secretly
B.readingC.writingD.sleeping
B.eagerC.surprisedD.cnfused
B.sharedC.cpiedD.fixed
B.fferedC.acceptedD.weighed
三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
A
Yung Heres fr the Planet
Nwadays, peple arund the wrld are wrking t help ur planet. Check ut hw the fur yung adults made a difference.
21.Wh started a grup t teach kids abut pandas?
A.Jack.B.Kathy.C.Linda.D.Patrick.
22.Hw ld was Linda when she invented SuperE?
A.11.B.12.C.13.D.14.
23.What was the gal f Patrick?s prject?
A.T fight plastic pllutin.
B.T prtect pandas in danger.
C.T learn abut native plants.
D.T use heat t make electricity.
B
When I was in the eighth grade, my class was assigned(指派) t be friends with the secnd-grade kids. I gt this little girl named Shelley. The first time I saw her, she was silent and cld. She was small fr her age, and she didn?t play with the ther kids in her class.
I tried all kinds f things t get her t talk t me. I bught her tys, crayns and candies. But try as I might, nthing wrked. One time, I gave her a clring bk and said, “Shelley, nw yu can clr in it any time.”
Shelley lked at the clring bk and then lked up at me, and finally lked away. By that time, I didn?t knw hw I was ging t get thrugh t the little girl, but I knew I wuldn?t give up n her.
One Friday, I decided t tell her a stry abut my childhd. I tld her that I felt lnely when I was with my classmates, and hw I thught nly my teachers liked me. I als tld her that every day was a battle(战役) fr me and I fught back tears s peple wuldn?t knw hw much I was hurting.
She sat there just listening, trying t decide whether I was lying r nt. Finally, when my stry ended, there were tears in her eyes. And then she did the unthinkable. She said, “Thank yu.” Frm then n, Shelley was a different little girl. She started smiling and talking with ther kids.
Lking back at this I?m in awe(惊叹), because all I did was t help her realize that she wasn?t alne. I didn?t ask her t tell her stry, because her stry is my stry.
24.What was Shelley like when the writer first saw her?
A.Cld.B.Lazy.C.Nisy.D.Slw.
25.In rder t get thrugh t Shelley, the writer .
A.wrte her a bkB.made her a ty
C.drew her a pictureD.tld her a stry
26.Shelley changed a lt because she realized that .
A.her teachers lved her
B.her classmates were kind
C.the writer understd her
D.she had t study even harder
C
Schl Gardens Culd Help Children Try Mre Vegetables
It?s nt always enjyable fr children t eat vegetables. But what if a garden is built in the schl? New research suggests that a gardening prgram in schls can increase children?s vegetable intake(摄入量).
Hw the Study Was Carried Out
The study was carried ut in eight schls. Each schl was in the gardening prgram fr ne schl year. Every child in grades 3—5 received a ttal f eighteen 60-minute lessns acrss the schl year. In the prgram, each schl built a garden, where children learned t grw their wn fresh prduce, like fruit and vegetables.
The Benefits Children Culd Get
The study fund that vegetable intake f the children wh grew their wn prduce increased greatly acrss the year. Related studies shw that increased vegetable intake can imprve health and cut the risk f chrnic diseases(慢性疾病). Nt nly are there benefits t health, increasing the variety f vegetables children are expsed(接触)t may als make mealtimes much easier. “Children wh are ften expsed t a variety f vegetables are mre likely t try new fds,” explains Dr. Kerry Jnes. Fr children, grwing their wn fd is a pwerful tl t increase their intake f the fd.
28
Any pprtunity t expse children t mre vegetables is meaningful. “If children are learning abut vegetables at schl, it?s imprtant t encurage this interest,” says Jnes. Parents can listen t their children abut what they have learned and read the handuts they bring hme frm schl. Parents and children can als read bks tgether. Yunger children can enjy reading stries abut vegetables with parents wh ffer useful message. Older children may enjy searching thrugh ckbks with parents t find new dinner ideas t ck vegetables in a tasty way. Besides, a small planter bx in a sunny part at hme can encurage children t understand mre abut where their fd cmes frm.
Teaching children t grw their wn prduce is a great way t increase their preference fr the prduce. If children are taught t enjy vegetables early in life, they will prbably cntinue eating vegetables in the lng term.
27.What did children d in the gardening prgram?
A.They did research n new plants.
B.They grew fresh prduce at schl.
C.They tk hme green vegetables.
D.They built gardens fr their classes.
28.Which f the fllwing wuld be the best heading fr Paragraph 4?
A.Ideas t Encurage Children t Ck at Hme
B.Ways t Expse Children t Vegetables at Hme
C.Reasns Why Parents Shuld Understand Children
D.Suggestins Which Children Culd Get frm Parents
29.What can we learn frm the prgram?
A.Parents? supprt might imprve children?s reading.
B.Schl prgrams culd develp students? creativity.
C.Ding studies can prepare students fr future learning.
D.Hands-n experience may influence children?s preference.
D
Nature and culture are ften seen as ppsite ideas. What belngs t nature cannt be the result f human activities and, n the ther hand, cultural develpment is achieved against nature. Hwever, this is nt the nly pinin n the relatinship between nature and culture. Studies in the develpment f humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effrt against nature r a natural effrt, is part f the develpment f the human species(物种).
Several mdern writers saw the prcess f educatin as a struggle(斗争) against human nature. We are brn with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disrganized way r acting selfishly. Educatin uses culture as a way t get us ut f ur wildest natures;it is thanks t culture that the human species culd learn t adapt(适应), prgress and raise itself abve and beynd ther species.
Over the past century and a half, hwever, studies in the histry f human develpment have shwn that the frmatin f culture is part f the bilgical adaptatin.Cnsider, fr example, hunting(打猎). It seems t be an adaptatin, which allwed humans t mve int new and different areas, pening up the pprtunity t change living habits. At the same time, the develpment f weapns(武器) is related t that adaptatin—frm rcks and stnes t a set f hunting tls, and frm hunting tls t rules relating t the prper use f weapns. Hunting als seems t be respnsible fr a whle set f bdily abilities, such as balancing n ne ft. Just think f hw this very simple thing is clsely related t dance, a key expressin f human culture. It is then clear that bilgical develpment and cultural develpment are clsely tied.

The transmissin f culture seems t be directly related t what?s in ur bld. Just as snails carry their shell, s d we bring alng ur culture. Hwever, culture is als passed n amng peple f the same times r amng peple belnging t different ppulatins. We can learn hw t make jiazi even if we were brn frm Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn hw t speak English even if nne f ur family r friends speak that language.
30.What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A.Culture belngs t human nature.
B.Nature teaches humans hw t adapt.
C.Humans are suppsed t be well rganized.
D.Educatin pushes the human species t prgress.
31.Why des the writer talk abut hunting in Paragraph 3?
A.T suggest sme pssible ways f changing living habits.
B.T stress the imprtance f tls in humans? struggle fr life.
C.T shw hw culture develps as humans adapt t the envirnment.
D.T explain why there is a need t call fr the prper use f weapns.
32.The wrd “transmissin” in Paragraph 4 prbably means “ ”.
A.systemB.spreadC.startD.spirit
33.What is the writer?s pinin n the nature-culture relatinship?
A.Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B.Culture depends much n nature t prgress.
C.Nature and culture are different but cnnected.
D.Nature fllws the unwritten rules set by culture.
第二部分
本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达(每题2分,共10分)
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
Screen-Free Days
I remember the first time I suggested screen-free days in ur schl t sme f ur student leaders. Jkingly, I said t the grup, “What d yu think if we g a week withut using ur laptps r smartphnes?”
They laughed, and ne f them said, “N way, Mr. White. They wuld be t much.” I culd feel their wrry, and tld them that I was nly cnsidering single screen-free days. Even that idea left them feeling upset.
Accrding t a survey we did, mst students in ur schl spend abut six hurs a day n screens. Many f my students start their day by checking their smartphnes. I ften see them lking at their phnes when getting ff the bus r at parent drp-ff—they can?t use their wn “screens” at schl. They usually wrk n cmputers at schl fr at least tw hurs during the day.
It?s clear that ur students spend a lt f time n screens. We d see the benefits f technlgy. Hwever, we teachers als want t make sure that students have balanced learning and scial experiences away frm their screens. That?s why we have cme up with the idea f screen-free days.
During the curse f the year, we have built in several screen-free days that require us t make different plans fr ur students abut hw they will cmmunicate with ne anther and the wrld arund them withut “screens”. Fr sme teachers, this means bringing back a valuable lessn plan that has been put ff fr sme time because it is “ut f date”. Others have designed smething cmpletely new.
Fun activities, fr example, card games and rm escape(密室逃脱) games, are rganized at schl. In these activities, students scialize withut smartphnes and have face-t-face cmmunicatin withut checking n “likes” they?ve gt nline. These fun activities als make it pssible fr the whle grade t enjy the cmpany f their friends with n smartphnes.
After ur first screen-free day, students mentined that they were surprised they enjyed it. Finding ways t help ur students cnnect with ne anther is imprtant. While technlgy is already part f ur wrld, it shuldn?t play such an imprtant rle in a learner?s life.
34.Hw many hurs d mst students in the schl spend n screens every day?

35.Why have the teachers cme up with the idea f screen-free days?

36.What fun activities can the students have at schl?

37.Hw did the students feel after the first screen-free day?

38.What d yu think f the idea f screen-free days? Why d yu think s?

五、文段表达(10分)
39.从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
北京是一座蕴含着丰富文化的城市,这里的建筑、戏曲、美食、服饰、手工艺品等,都有文化的印记。
假如你是李华,你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动,其公众号计划做关于北京文化的系列推送,现就 “Cultural Symbls f Beijing(北京文化标志)”这一话题在校内收集素材。请你用英语给公众号留言,推荐一个你眼中的北京文化标志,对其作简要介绍,并说明推荐理由。
提示词语:shw, traditinal, lve, treasure, imprtant
提示问题:●In yur pinin, what is the cultural symbl f Beijing?
Please describe it.
●Why d yu think it can be a symbl?
I?m Li Hua, frm Class 1, Grade 9.




I hpe my idea can be taken. Thanks!
题目②
现实中,大到自然环境和社会环境,小到个人生活和学习,变化无处不在。面对变化,唯有积极适应,才能有所进步和收获。
某英文网站正在开展以“适应变化”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你生活中的一个变化。你是如何应对这个变化的,以及有什么收获。
提示词语:help, enjy, new, challenge, take actin
提示问题:●What is the change that happened in yur life?
●Hw did yu deal with it?
●What have yu learned frm the experience?
There are many changes in a persn?s life.





第一部分
一、单项填空
1.B 句意:玛丽的生日快到了。我们决定为她做一个蛋糕。本题考查人称代词宾格。根据语境可知,设空处指代上文中的Mary,作介词fr的宾语,故选B。
2.A 句意:每年的4月24日是中国的“航天日”。本题考查介词的用法。在具体的几月几号的前面用介词n,故选A。
3.D 句意:——我们在哪里见面去野餐?——在学校门口。本题考查疑问副词用法。答句回答的是地点,由此可知问句是在问“在哪”,故选D。
4.A 句意:——Sam,我可以加入你,一起做社区服务吗?——当然可以。本题考查情态动词的用法。根据答语Of curse yu can.可知问句是在表示请求,要用can来提问,故选A。
5.C 句意:医生们工作了十个小时,但没有人休息一下。本题考查连词的用法。前面说“工作了十个小时”,后面说“没有人休息”,前后有明显的转折关系,故选C。
6.B 句意:老师很高兴看到托尼比以前更细心了。本题考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知,应用形容词的比较级,故选B。
7.B 句意:——彼得,你在干什么?——哦,我正在写一篇关于民族英雄的报告。本题考查动词的时态。由问句what are yu ding可知,设空处要用现在进行时,故选B。
8.D 句意:我父母和我上周日种树了。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语last Sunday可知,设空处要用一般过去时,故选D。
9.A 句意:——莉莉,放学后你通常做什么?——我和我的朋友们做运动。本题考查动词的时态。由问句的时间状语usually可知,设空处要用一般现在时,故选A。
10.C 句意:史密斯先生学汉语已经两年了。他现在汉语水平更高了。本题考查动词的时态。由句子的时间状语fr tw years可知,设空处应用现在完成时,故选C。
11.D 句意:今天,许多冬季奥运会项目甚至受到孩子们的喜爱。本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据时间状语Tday可知应用一般现在时;sprts与 enjy之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,故选D。
12.C 句意:——你能告诉我我们什么时候去参观首都博物馆吗?——下周四早上。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,由答语Next Thursday mrning.可知,设空处应用一般将来时,故选C。
二、完形填空
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。摄影爱好者Mike想要拍出一张理想照片参加摄影比赛。摄影比赛主题是peace(平静),Mike想要拍一张日落的照片参赛。在Mike终于拍到日落照片后,他又随机拍了一张弟弟睡觉时的照片。经过对比和思考,Mike决定用弟弟睡觉的照片参赛。
13.C 根据上文中phtgrapher、take a picture可知,Mike参加的是摄影比赛,故选C。
14.A 根据常识和语境,一卷胶卷有很多张照片,此处应该是从中挑选一张。故选A。
15.B 根据下文中Mike的解释,他认为日落就是最平静的事物,可推断此处表示“摄影比赛主题”。
16.C 结合此处语境可知,Mike在等待日落时,应该是满怀希望的。故选C。
17.D 结合下文中Mike didn?t wake Zach up可知Zach此时正在睡觉。故选D。
18.B 根据上文可知,Mike对日落照片充满期待,所以胶卷冲洗后,Mike应该是最渴望看到日落照片。短语be eager t d sth. 表示“渴望做某事”,故选B。
19.A 设空处描述“看Zach的那张照片”这一动作,study有“审视,端详,细看”的意思,符合此处语境,故选A。
20.D 上一句指出Mike看完弟弟熟睡的照片后,觉得日落的照片不那么完美了,由此可知此句指Mike在思考如何选择。weigh有“认真考虑,权衡,斟酌”的意思,故选D。
三、阅读理解
A
[语篇解读] 本文为应用文,介绍了四个年轻人为保护地球所做的事情。
21.A 细节理解题。根据对第一个人的描述中的第一句可知,此题答案为A。
22.B 细节理解题。根据对第三个人的描述中的第一句可知,此题答案为B。
23.A 细节理解题。根据对第四个人的描述中的最后一句可知,此题答案为A。
B
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文,作者通过讲述自己的故事感动并帮助一个女孩儿变得开朗阳光。
24.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“ was silent and cld.”可知答案,故选A。
25.D 细节理解题。根据题干关键词“get thrugh t Shelley”可定位到第三段最后一句,即作者不知道如何让Shelley接受自己,但作者不会放弃。接下来第四段第一句说作者决定向她讲述自己童年的故事,由此可知答案,故选D。
26.C 推理判断题。结合第四段作者给Shelley讲自己童年时的经历和最后一段中help her realize that she wasn?t a lne和her stry is my stry可推断出,Shelley是因为作者的理解而改变了很多,故选C。
C
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,一个让孩子们自己动手在学校花园里种植蔬菜的项目表明,实际动手经验会影响孩子们的偏好。
27.B 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知答案,故选B。
28.B 标题归纳题。第四段第一句指出,任何能让孩子更多地接触蔬菜的机会都是有意义的,第二句到最后一句都在介绍学生在家可以通过哪些方式了解更多关于蔬菜的知识,从而爱上蔬菜,故选B。
29.D 推理判断题。最后一段第一句指出,教孩子们种植自己的产品是一种很好的方式,这种方式可以增加他们对这种产品的偏好。由此推断D选项(实际动手经验可能会影响孩子们的偏好。)正确,故选D。
D
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文,主要论述了自然与文化虽然不同,但有联系。
30.D 段落大意题。根据第二段最后一句可知,教育以文化这种方式,促使人类进步,故选D。
31.C 推理判断题。第三段第一句指出,人类发展史方面的研究表明,文化的形成是生物适应的一部分。随后举了打猎的例子,以及在适应打猎这项活动的过程中发展出来的文化,由此得知谈论打猎是为了说明文化是如何在人类适应环境的过程中发展的,故选C。
32.B 词义猜测题。根据第四段第三句“Hwever,culture is als passed n...”可猜测,第一句中的“The transmissin f culture”也是在说文化的传播,故选B。本题要注意关键词als。
33.C 推理判断题。 文章第一段说文化和自然通常被认为是对立的,但是人类发展方面的研究表明文化也是人类物种发展的一部分;后文论证了这一观点,由此推断作者认为文化与自然虽然不同但有联系,故选C。
第二部分
四、阅读表达
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,作者指出了学生们每天在电子屏幕上耗费时间过长的问题,并希望学生们能适当远离屏幕,通过其他方式与他人建立联系。
34.They spend abut six hurs n screens every day. 根据第三段第一句可知答案。
35.Because they want t make sure that students have balanced learning and scial experiences away frm their screens. 根据第四段内容可知答案。
36.They can have fun activities like card games and rm escape games. 根据第六段第一句可知答案。
37.They were surprised they enjyed it. 根据第七段第一句可知答案。
38.略。 本题属于开放型问题,答案不唯一,陈述观点有理有据即可。学生可根据自己对文章的理解和想法进行回答。
五、文段表达
39.
题目①
写作提示
1.体裁:应用文。
2.人称:第一人称和第三人称。
3.时态:以一般现在时为主。
4.要点提示:
1)具体描述你眼中的北京文化标志。
2)你推荐它作为北京文化标志的理由。
参考范文
I?m Li Hua, frm Class 1, Grade 9. I believe that Jingju is a cultural symbl f Beijing. Jingju tells time-hnred stries thrugh singing and mvements, shwing us what life was like in the past. The perfrmers are in beautiful clthes and with clrful faces.
Jingju is a traditinal art frm lved by peple f all ages. Besides,as a natinal treasure,it plays an imprtant rle in Chinese culture. That?s why I think Jingju can be a cultural symbl f Beijing.
I hpe my idea can be taken. Thanks!
题目②
写作提示
1.体裁:记叙文。
2.人称:以第一人称为主。
3.时态:一般过去时和一般现在时。
4.要点提示:
1)你生活中的一个变化是什么。
2)你是如何应对这种变化的。
3)你的感想、收获。
参考范文
There are many changes in a persn?s life. When I entered middle schl, I felt lnely. I missed my ld friends, but I knew I had t fit in. I ffered help t my class, jined in the after-schl activities and invited my classmates t my birthday party. Gradually,I made sme friends and enjyed the cmpany f my new classmates.
Frm this experience,I get t knw change brings challenges as well as pprtunities. When change cmes, we shuld face it and take actin.
1
2021年北京市初中学业水平考试
(满分:60分 考试时间:90分钟)
1 2021年北京市初中学业水平考试
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
B
A
D
A
C
B
B
D
A
C
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
D
C
C
A
B
C
D
B
A
D
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
A
B
A
A
D
C
B
B
D
D
31
32
33
C
B
C