2025届高考英语北师大版（2019）一轮复习基础知识背默练习选择性必修第四册

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1.live near a clinic/a gallery/a grcery/a bakery
住在一个诊所/画廊/杂货店/面包店附近
2.have my lunch at the schl cafeteria在学校的自助餐厅吃午饭
3.Welcme t ur canteen. 欢迎来到我们的食堂。
4.an ld apartment in the city suburb城市郊区的一栋旧公寓大楼
5.the ptential benefits f early interventin早期干预的潜在好处
6.cause frictin between parents and children引起父母和孩子之间的摩擦
7.wrk as a scilgist 做一名社会学家
8.a bimnthly magazine 一本双月刊杂志
9.a very clsely－knit cmmunity一个紧密联结在一起的社区
10.live n the utskirts f a majr city生活在大城市的郊区
11.sigh with a tear－stained face 带着泪痕叹息
12.a fund set up fr the rphans为孤儿设立的基金
13.bury her face in the pillw 把脸埋在枕头里
14.remain reslutely ppsed t the idea仍然坚决地反对这种观点
15.the first emperr in China 中国的第一位皇帝
16.the Peple’s Republic f China 中华人民共和国
17.remember t save yur dcument 记得保存文件
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.wait utside the jammed stadium在拥挤不堪的体育场外等候
2.a cnflict between tw cultures 两种文化的冲突
3.his scientific thery 他的科学理论
4.in a randm rder 按随机顺序
5.mail a small parcel 寄一个小包裹
6.underline the key wrds and phrases在关键词和短语下面画线
7.a large husehld一大家人
8.traditinal scial bnds 传统的社会联系
9.in the stiff, ugly dress 穿着僵硬丑陋的衣服
10.prceed t cry strmily 继续大哭
11.be revealed by the lcal paper 被当地报纸揭露
12.in the depths f despair 在极度绝望中
13.He wn’t dare t break his prmise.他不敢食言。
14.remve the bnes frm the fish除去鱼里的骨头
15.begin t sb vilently 开始猛烈地抽噎起来
16.frwn in puzzlement 困惑地皱眉
17.repay a lan 偿还贷款
18.pay ff all my debts 偿清所有债务
一词多义：
1.frum n.(互联网上的)论坛，讨论区；讨论会，电视专题讨论节目
2.chain n.一连串，一系列；链子，链条 vt.用锁链拴住(或束缚、固定)
3.netwrk n.人际关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统
4.release vt. & n.发表，发布；释放
5.adpt vi. & vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等；采纳；正式通过
6.clasp vt.握紧，抱紧 n.紧握，紧抱
7.bare adj.空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，裸露的
8.shiver n. & vi.颤抖，哆嗦，发抖
9.dive vi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.envy n.羡慕，忌妒 vt.羡慕，妒忌→envius adj.羡慕的；忌妒的
2.encurage vt.鼓励；鼓动→encuragement n.鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物→encuraging adj.鼓舞人心的→encuraged adj.受到鼓舞的
3.disturb vt.干扰，打扰，使中断→disturbance n.干扰；骚乱→disturbing adj.令人不安的→disturbed adj.不安的
4.aplgy n.道歉；谢罪→aplgis(z)e vi.道歉，谢罪
5.impress vt.给……留下深刻印象→impressin n.印象，感想→impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的→impressed adj.(对……)钦佩，敬仰，有深刻的好印象
6.add vt.增加；加添；补充说→additin n.添加；增加；加法；[C]增加物→additinal adj.额外的；附加的→additinally adv.除此之外，此外
7.frequent adj.经常发生的；频繁的→frequently adv.经常地，频繁地→frequency n.频繁；发生率
8.cnsequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→cnsequence n.后果→cnsequently adv.因此；所以
9.adpt vi. & vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等→adpted adj.收养的；领养的→adptin n.收养；采用
10.freeze vi. & vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结→freezing adj.冰冻的；极冷的 n.冰点→frzen adj.结冰的；冷冻的
11.amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊愕→amazement n.吃惊，惊奇→amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的→amazed adj.大为惊奇
12.investigate vi. & vt.查明，调查，侦查→investigatin n.调查
13.appeal vi.有吸引力 vi. & vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉 n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力；魅力→appealing adj.有吸引力的；有感染力的；令人感兴趣的
14.srrw n.悲伤，悲痛；不幸→srrwful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的
15.frgive vt.原谅→frgiveness n.原谅，宽恕
16.interrupt vi. & vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰→interruptin n.打扰；打岔；阻断物
17.legal adj.法律的；法律允许的，合法的→illegal adj.不合法的
狂背短语：
1.refer t 指的是；提到
2.hang ut with my friends 和我的朋友闲逛
3.burst int laughter 突然大笑起来
4.be clse t nature 亲近大自然
5.be cnnected t each ther 彼此连接起来
6.be due t arrive n Thursday 预计星期四到达
7.intend t meet yu at the airprt打算去机场接你
8.stare at her in amazement 惊讶地盯着她
9.cme alng with me 跟我一起走
10.send yu ff tnight 今晚打发你走
11.decide n the best chice 选定最佳选项
12.put ut the fire 把火扑灭
13.set the huse n fire 放火烧房子
狂背佳句：
1.Once released，the results were published in the bimnthly magazine Psychlgy Tday.(“nce＋过去分词”作状语)
结果一经公布，便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。
2.It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees f Separatin”.(强调句型)
正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法。
3.I might have expected it.I might have knwn it was all t beautiful t last.I might have knwn nbdy really did want me.(情态动词＋have dne，)
我早就应该料到。我早就应该知道这件事太美好，无法持久。我早就应该想到没人真的想要我。
4.Neither f them knew what t say r d.(疑问词＋不定式)
他们两个人都不知道该说什么或做什么。
5.“Well，well, there’s n need t cry s abut it.”(there is n need t d...)
“好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。”
6.Yu wuld cry，t，if yu were an rphan and had cme t a place yu thught was ging t be hme and fund that they didn’t want yu because yu weren’t a by.(if引导的虚拟条件句)
如果你是个孤儿，来到一个满以为会成为自己家的地方，却发现他们并不想要你，因为你不是个男孩，你也会哭的。
7.T bed went Matthew.And t bed，when she had put her dishes away, went Marilla，frwning mst reslutely.(介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装)
马修上床睡觉了。玛丽拉收拾完盘子，紧紧地皱着眉头，也回到房间休息了。【词汇拓展记忆】
选择性必修第四册 UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS
Ⅰ.单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.clinic n. ________________
2.gallery n. ________________
3.grcery n. ________________
4.bakery n. ________________
5.cafeteria n. ________________
6.canteen n. ________________
7.suburb n. ________________
8.bimnthly adj. ________________
9.utskirts n. ________________
10.tear－stained adj. ________________
11.rphan n. ________________
12.pillw n. ________________
13.reslutely adv. ________________
14.emperr n. ________________
15.republic n. ________________
16.dcument n. ________________
二、核心单词——写其形
1.____________ n.体育场，运动场
2.____________ n.学说，理论
3.____________ adj.随机的，随意的
4.____________ n.包裹；邮包
5.____________ n.一家人，同住一栋房子的人
6.____________ n.纽带，联系
7.____________ vi.继续进行，继续做
8.____________ n.绝望
9.____________ n. & vi.胆敢，敢于
10.____________ n.骨头；骨质物
11.____________ n.贷款
结合语境运用单词
12.Nwadays, there are still millins f children in the wrld being expsed t wars and ______________ (冲突).
13.A survey f the American diet has ______________ (显示) that a grwing number f peple are verweight.
14.Many new wrds and ____________ (习语)have been included in the revised editin.
15.She ____________ (皱眉) at her mther when she was asked t d sme husewrk.
16.He needs t pay ff all his ________________ (债务) befre he leaves the cuntry.
17.She ____________ (抽噎) uncntrllably when she heard the bad news.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.envy n.羡慕，忌妒 vt.羡慕，妒忌→____________ adj.羡慕的；忌妒的
2.add v.增加；加添；补充说→___________n.添加；增加；加法；[C]增加物→____________ adj.额外的；附加的→____________ adv.除此之外，此外
3.cnsequence n.后果→____________ adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→____________ adv.因此；所以
4.adpt vi. & vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等→____________ n.收养；采用→____________ adj.收养的，领养的
5.investigate vi. & vt.查明，调查，侦查→____________ n.调查
6.interrupt vi. & vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰→____________ n.打扰；打岔；阻断物
7.legal adj.法律的；法律允许的，合法的→____________ adj.不合法的
利用语境串记单词
8.They were in ____________ with us at first，but after many talks with each ther，we signed an ____________.(agree)
9.Thanks t yur ____________，I made cntinuus and ____________ prgress in maths，and finally decided t study it in the university.(encurage)
10.My friend brke my glasses by accident.Later，he ____________ t me fr it and I frgave him fr his sincere ____________.(aplgy)
11.His speech was s ____________ that it left a deep ____________ n us.But I was mst ____________ with his charming vice.(impress)
12.It was s ____________ that the cld weather ____________ the lake.And I was abslutely ____________.(freeze)
13.Much t my ____________，he was able t recite the whle pint frm ________________ memry.(amaze)
14.As a matter f fact，the ____________ bk ____________ t me the instant I read it.(appeal)
Ⅱ.短语填空
1.________________ 闲待，厮混
2.________________ 突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)
3.________________ 与……亲近
4.________________ 指的是；提到
5.________________ 与……有联系
6.________________ 预期要做某事
7.________________ 打算做某事
8.________________ 给某人送行，打发某人走
9.________________ 决定；选定
10.________________扑灭
根据语境选词填空
11.She was rushing arund madly and finally succeeded in ________________ the accidental kitchen fire.
12.Recently I have ________________ sme apprpriate measures t handle the present dilemma.
13.Green marketing ________________ cmpanies prmting the prducts as envirnmentally friendly.
14.I ________________ visit him, but I was afraid I wuld disturb him.
15.My father frequently ________________ in the park at summer nights t relax himself.
Ⅲ.句式仿写
1.句型公式： “nce＋过去分词”作状语
一旦开播，这部电视剧就会很受年轻人的欢迎。
____________________________________________________________________，the TV play will be very ppular with yung peple.
2.句型公式：强调句型
追求你的梦想时，真正重要的是你的坚持。(建议信)
____________________________________________________________________
when yu chase yur dream.
3.句型公式：疑问词＋不定式
随着教师节的临近，我们已经决定要装饰哪些教室了。(活动介绍)
With the Teachers’ Day appraching，we’ve decided _________________________.
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
狂背单词：
Ⅰ.阅读单词
reach a cmprmise between what he wants and what yu want
在他想要的和你想要的之间折衷
2.self－cntrl ability 自我控制能力
3.il tank 油箱
4.a chrus f cmplaints 齐声抱怨
5.suits created by highly skilled tailrs由技艺高超的裁缝制作的西装
6.read literally hundreds f bks确实读过几百本书
7.drum n the balcny at midnight午夜在阳台上打鼓
8.an unsuspecting lcal fficial一名毫无猜疑心的地方官员
9.the palace damaged by bmbs 被炸弹破坏的宫殿
10.majr general 大将军
11.be sent t the frntier被派往边境
12.cmmit a murder 犯谋杀罪
13.crss the brder 穿越边界
14.rder all civilians ut f their hmes命令所有平民离开家园
15.fire a machine gun 用机关枪射击
16.pray fr happiness, wealth and health祈求喜乐、富贵与健康
17.shw his identificatin papers t a sldier把他的身份证件给一个士兵看
18.clean up the ward 打扫病房
19.the best heart surgen in the cuntry这个国家最好的心脏外科医生
20. tbacc prducts like cigarettes香烟等烟草产品
21.unhealthy prducts such as alchl and fried fd
不健康的产品，如含酒精饮品和油炸食品
22.the rate f besity 肥胖率
23.bring in large amunts f tax 带来大量的税收
24.a sacred mment 一个神圣的时刻
25.cause permanent harm 造成永久性伤害
26.rll up the carpet 把地毯卷起来
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.feel smewhat embarrassed 感觉有点尴尬
2.can’t read withut plugging yur ears不塞住耳朵就不能读书
3.take a vte 进行投票
4.never cease t chase after my dream永远不会停止追逐梦想
5.a remte huse n the edge f the city城市边缘的一所偏僻的房子
6.a keen gardener 一个对园艺有强烈兴趣的人
7.srry t bther yu 非常抱歉使你担心
8.as he recalled 据他回忆
9.speak clearly and firmly 说话清晰且坚定
10.well－trained sldiers 训练有素的军人
11.flee hmeland in panic 惊恐地逃离家园
12.start t weep uncntrllably不由自主地哭泣起来
13.a pile f papers 一大堆文件
14.display the results 展示结果
15.mve int temprary accmmdatin搬进临时住所
16.a dzen eggs 一打鸡蛋
17.an pening ceremny 开幕仪式
18.after this little incident 在这件小事件之后
19.a lse buttn 松动的纽扣
20.twist yur ankle 扭动你的脚踝
21.make a request fr further aid要求再给一些帮助
一词多义：
1.mnitr vt.监督；监视；监测，检测 n.班长；监督员；显示器，监视器
2.pack vi. & vt.打包 n.包，包裹；一包；帮；团伙
3.prperty n.房产；所有物；财产
4.bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的
5.anyhw adv.(非正式)尽管如此；至少
6.arrest vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止；吸引(注意) n.逮捕；拘捕
7.ban vt.禁止，取缔 n.禁令，禁止
8.false adj.不正确的，错的；假的，不真实的
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.negtiate vi. & vt.谈判，协商→negtiatin n.谈判；协商
2.inquire vi. & vt.询问；打听→inquiry n.询问；打听
3.reslve vt.解决(问题、困难)→reslutin n.决定；解决→reslutely adv.坚决地；坚定地
4.anny vt.使恼怒；使生气→annying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的→annyed adj.恼怒；生气→annyance n.生气；恼怒；烦恼；使人烦恼的事
5.cnvenience n.方便；便利→cnvenient adj.方便的→incnvenience n.不便，麻烦→incnvenient adj.不方便的
6.detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)→detective n.侦探 adj.侦探的
7.shame n.羞耻；羞愧→ashamed adj.内疚的，惭愧的；羞耻的→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的
8.mature adj.成熟的→maturity n.成熟→immature adj.不成熟的
9.assign vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)→assignment n.任务；作业
10.drum vi.连续敲击 n.鼓→drummer n.鼓手
11.cmplain vi.抱怨；诉说(病痛)→cmplaint n.投诉
12.warn vt.警告→warning n.警告，警示；告诫
13.depart vi.离开；起程→departure n.离开，起程
14.prejudice n.偏见 vt.使……有偏见→prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的
15.please vt.使高兴→pleasant adj.礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的；令人愉快的→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasure n.愉悦；娱乐；乐事
16.vilent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→vilence n.暴力行为，暴力→vilently adv.激烈地；凶猛地
17.tlerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容→tlerance n.容忍；忍受；忍耐力→tlerant adj.宽容的；容忍的，忍受的
18.withdraw vi. & vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取→withdrawal n.撤走；收回；退出(组织)
19.represent vt.代表；象征→representative n.代表，代理人
20.greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼→greeting n.问候；招呼
21.mud n.泥，烂泥→muddy adj.多泥的，泥泞的
22.distribute vt.分发，分配，分送→distributin n.分发；分配；分布→distributr 经销商
23.appreciate vt.感激；欣赏；领会→appreciatin n.感激→appreciative adj.欣赏的
24.fry vt.油炸；油煎→fried adj.油炸的，油煎的
25.harm vt.伤害 n.损害，危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
26.desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desirable adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的
27.invest vi. & vt.投资→investment n.投资
28.cnclude vt.作出结论，推断出→cnclusin n.结论；推论；结束
29.benefit n.益处；优势 vi. & vt.使受益→
beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的
30.recver vi. & vt.恢复健康；痊愈；找回；复原→recvery n.康复，痊愈；恢复；复苏
31.greed n.贪欲，贪婪→greedy adj.贪婪的
狂背短语：
1.frm then n 从那时起
2.cme t a reslutin 作出决定
3.present sb with sth 授/赠予某人某物
4.take sb in ne’s arms 把某人拥在怀里
5.put frward 提议，提出；推荐；将……提前；向前拨
6.be expsed t such nise 暴露于这样的噪音中
7.take actin t prtect the envirnment釆取行动来保护环境
8.everything will g back t nrmal一切都将恢复正常
9.be prejudiced against treatments that lack scientific fundatin
对缺乏科学依据的治疗方法有偏见
10.disappear in a flash 瞬间消失
11.be fed up (t the neck) with this war(极度)厌倦这场战争
12.be adapted frm a nvel by Jane Austen
根据简·奥斯丁的一本小说改编
狂背佳句：
1.Being single，Ma Ming ften held parties at night，but the biggest prblem was his tendency t drum late at night.(being＋adj.作状语)
马明是个单身汉，经常在晚上开派对，但最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。
2.They culdn’t relax r read a bk withut plugging their ears.()
他们要是不堵住耳朵就不能放松或看书。
3.She added that it wasn’t nly the water falling nt their balcny frm Smith watering his plants that bthered them, but als the way he cleaned his fish tanks.(nt als...)
她还说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸的方式。
4.We’d be sitting there happily reading ur newspapers，when suddenly s much water wuld cme frm abve that we’d be as wet as if we had shwered with ur clthes n！(as if 引导虚拟语气)
我们本来高兴地坐在阳台上看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！
5.He and his family were eating breakfast when the American sldiers entered the village and rdered all civilians ut f their hmes.(be )
他和家人正在吃早餐，这时美军士兵进村了，命令所有村民从家里出来。
6.By the lk f them，their trenches were in as bad a state as ur wn.(as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as)
从样子上可以看出，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。
7.The general was cming t give him the award because he happened t be number 20，000 t cme thrugh this hspital.(happen t d sth)
将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是这家医院的第2万个病人。
【词汇拓展记忆】
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
Ⅰ.单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.cmprmise n. ________________
2.tank n. ________________
3.literally adv. ________________
4.bmb n. ________________
5.general n. ________________
6.frntier n. ________________
7.murder n. ________________
8.brder n. ________________
9.pray vi. & vt. ________________
10.surgen n. ________________
11.cigarette n. ________________
12.alchl n. ________________
13.besity n. ________________
14.tax n. ________________
15.permanent adj. ________________
16.carpet n. ________________
二、核心单词——写其形
1.____________ adv.有点，有几分
2.____________ vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞
3.____________ n.投票(指行为)；票数
4.____________ adj.偏僻的，偏远的
5.____________ n.边缘，外围
6.____________ adj.着迷的，有强烈兴趣的
7.____________ vi. & vt.回想，回忆起
8.____________ adv.坚定地，坚决地
9.____________ n.士兵，军人
10.____________ n.一大堆
11.____________ vt.展示，陈列
12.____________ adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的
13.____________ adj.松的；宽大的
14.____________ n.脚踝
结合语境运用单词
15.We are playing a trick n the man wh keeps ____________ (打扰) me.
16.The plice ____________ (逮捕) the suspect a blck away frm the scene f the crime last night.
17.Many refugees have ____________ (逃离) their hmeland as a cnsequence f the civil war.
18.The pr girl ____________ (哭泣) all night lng because she failed t pass the Cllege Entrance Examinatin.
19.____________ (好几十) f ships were stuck in the traffic jam caused by a wrecked vessel.
20.Students shuldn’t be shy abut reprting ____________ (事件)f bullying t their parents r teachers.
21.The by never answers the teachers’ questins unless he is ____________ (要求) t.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.negtiate vi. & vt.谈判，协商→_____________n.谈判；协商
2.detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)→____________ n.侦探 adj.侦探的
3.mature adj.成熟的→____________ n.成熟→____________ adj.不成熟的
4.assign vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)→____________ n.任务；作业
5.cmplain vi.抱怨→____________ n.投诉
6.warn vt.警告→____________ n.警告，警示；告诫
7.prejudice n.偏见vt.使……有偏见→____________ adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的
8.vilence n.暴力行为，暴力→____________ adj.暴力的；猛烈的→____________ adv.激烈地；凶猛地
9.withdraw vi. & vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取→____________ n.撤走；收回；退出(组织)
10.invest vi. & vt.投资→____________ n.投资
11.greed n.贪欲，贪婪→____________ adj.贪婪的
利用语境串记单词
12.It is really ____________ that my bss seems t be ____________ with me.(anny)
13.Srry again fr the ____________ caused by my carelessness.Can I knw when it is ____________ fr yu t get yur parcel？(cnvenience)
14.It was a ____________ that he was caught cheating again and he was ____________ f his ____________ behaviur.(shame)
15.Talking with him is a ____________，because his character is ________________.Everyne is ____________ t wrk with him.(please)
16.I admire yu fr yur ____________，because yu can ____________ things which can’t be ____________.(tlerate)
17.I am really ________________ f yur timely help and I am writing t express my heartfelt ____________.(appreciate)
18.Thugh he insisted that the prduct was ____________，there was enugh evidence that prved it was ____________ t the envirnment.(harm)
19.He ____________ his speech with a cluster f pwerful sentences，frm which we drew a ____________ that he was a skilled speaker.(cnclude)
20.Listening t thers’ advice is ____________ t yu，that is，yu will ____________ frm adpting thers’ advice.(benefit)
Ⅱ.短语填空
1.________________ 暴露于
2.________________ 从那时起
3.________________ 恢复正常
4.________________ 对……有偏见
5.________________ 立刻，一瞬间
6.________________ (极度)厌倦
7.________________ 授/赠予某人某物
8.________________ 把某人拥在怀里
9.________________ 根据……改编
10.________________ 提议，提出；推荐；将……提前；向前拨
根据语境选词填空
11.Our teachers ban us frm ________________ the disabled.After all, everyne is brn equal.
12.The film which ________________ a famus nvel appeals t the audience at hme and abrad.
13.As sn as I saw him, I aplgized, and ur lives ________________.
14.________________ a freign culture is beneficial fr us t learn the lcal language.
15.Seeing me crying，my father ________________ t cmfrt and encurage me.
Ⅲ.句式仿写
1.句型公式：
没有你的慷慨帮助，我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。(感谢信)
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2.句型公式： be
我奶奶正在广场上高兴地跳舞，这时一个年轻的女士打断了她。(动作描写)
My grandma _________________________________________________________
_____________________________________ a yung wman interrupted her.
3.句型公式： happen t d sth
就在那时，我奶奶碰巧犯了一个滑稽的错误，突然大笑起来。(情绪描写)
Just then，_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________ and burst int laughter.
UNIT 12 INNOVATION
狂背单词：
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.vitamin tablets 维生素片
2.labur－saving machine 节省劳力的机器
3.discver the causes f diseases under micrscpes
在显微镜下发现疾病的起因
4.crrespnd with my friends by letters与我的朋友通信
5.launch satellites int rbit 发射卫星至轨道
6.the smallest particle f matter in the universe宇宙中最小的物质微粒
7.ne f the 20th century’s premier scientists20世纪最重要的科学家之一
8.the thery f relativity 相对论
9.an evlutinary bilgist wh studies insects一位研究昆虫的进化生物学家
10.a blue muld in the dish 盘子里蓝色的霉菌
11.the natural frm f penicillin青霉素的天然形式
12.be dressed in a smart navy blue suit穿一身漂亮的海军蓝制服
13.imprve the accuracy f their missiles提高他们导弹的准确度
14.an utstanding physicist 一位杰出的物理学家
15.thusands f circuits 成千上万的电路
16.what a cincidence 真是个巧合
17.after an incubatin perid 经过孵化期之后
18.his brilliant wrk in csmlgy他在宇宙学方面的杰出工作
19.lift a kettle tp 移去壶盖
20.the Industrial Revlutin 工业革命
21.bamb fibre 竹纤维
22.mechanical clcks 机械钟
23.subsequently adv.后来，随后
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.health and well－being 健康和幸福
2.garbage gathering device 垃圾收集装置
3.hw t split the atm 如何分裂原子
4.this utspken yung man这个直言不讳的年轻人
5.the finding f a recent survey最近一项调查的发现
6.perceive the wrld differently用不同的方式感知世界
7.millins f peple 数百万人
8.remain humble abut the amazing utcme f his discvery
对他发现的惊人结果保持谦虚
9.prblems begin t emerge问题开始出现
10.vercme the difficulty 克服困难
11.his grand design fr the ecnmic future他对未来经济的宏伟计划
12.under the influence f gravity 在重力的影响下
13.the steam engine 蒸汽机
一词多义：
1.instant adj.立刻的，马上的；即食的 n.片刻；瞬间
2.launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事
3.rbit n.轨道 vi. & vt.沿轨道运行
4.cnstant adj.恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的 n.常量，恒量
5.tube n.圆管，管子；电视显像管，阴极射线管
6.decline vi.减少，降低 vi. & vt.谢绝 n.下降，衰退
7.bnus n.意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利
8.mass n.大量，大宗；堆；块 adj.大量的
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.entertain vt.招待；使快乐；娱乐→entertaining adj.有趣的→entertainment n.娱乐活动，娱乐节目
2.gift n.天赋；天才；才能；礼物→gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的
3.prduce vt.生产→prduct n.产品；产物→
prductive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的→prductin n.生产；产量
4.science n.科学→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientist n.科学家
5.dnate vi. & vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献→dnatin n.捐赠；捐赠物→dnr n.捐赠者
6.accurate adj.正确无误的；精确的；准确的→accuracy n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确→accurately adv.准确地
7.jin vt.参加；加入→jint adj.联合的，共同的，共有的→jintly adv.共同地；联合地
8.efficiency n.效率→efficient adj.效率高的→efficiently adv.有效率地，高效能地→inefficient adj.效率低的
9.prpse vt.提出(某观点、方法等)→prpsal n.提议；建议；求婚
10.clue n.线索；提示→clueless adj.一窍不通的，一无所知的
11.evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluatin n.评价，评估
12.thery n.理论；学说→theretical adj.理论的
13.bil vi. & vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n.沸腾→biling adj.很热的；炽热的→biled adj.煮沸的，煮熟的
14.imprve vt.改善；改进→imprvement n.改善，改进；改进之处
15.available adj.可利用的；可获得的→availability n.可能性
16.explde vi. & vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长→explsin n.爆炸→explsive adj.易爆炸的
17.sail vi.航行；起航→sailr n.水手，海员→sailing n.帆船运动；航行
18.illustrate vt.说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图→illustratin n.图表；图解；实例，示例
19.regulate vt.控制，管理→regulatin n.规则；章程；管理
20.preserve vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n.腌菜，果酱→preservatin n.维护；保存
21.specific adj.特有的；具体的；明确的→specifically adv.特定地，专门地
22.electric adj.用电的，带电的，电动的→electrical adj.电的；用电→electrnic adj.电子的→electricity n.电；电能
狂背短语：
nt t mentin ur knwledge f the wrld and space
更不用说我们对世界和空间的了解了
2.curses range frm cking t cmputing课程从烹饪到计算机应用都有
3.figure ut what t d with the plastic弄清楚如何处理塑料
4.single ut a few pineers f the 20th century挑选几个20世纪的先驱
5.turn t my teacher fr help 向我的老师求助
6.d the jb in a jint effrt 共同努力做这项工作
7.the bedrm light went ut after a mment卧室的灯片刻后熄灭了
8.be dedicated t imprving the quality f human life致力于提高人类生活质量
9.be expected t drp t 400 r belw预计会降到400或更低
10.be reduced t zer 减少到零
11.in spite f the bad weather 尽管天气恶劣
12.reflect n yur successes and failures反思一下你的成功和失败
狂背佳句：
1.If yu had t chse the single mst imprtant discvery f the 20th century，yu wuld have a real prblem n yur hands.(if引导虚拟条件句)
如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项，你将会真正地陷入进退两难的境地。
the way we crrespnd went frm writing letters t emailing and sending instant messages.(the way作先行词的定语从句)
……通信方式从写信到发电子邮件和发送即时信息。
used s much energy that when it was turned n，the lights in the lcal twn went ut！(引导结果状语从句)
……它消耗如此多的电量，以至于当它启动的时候，当地所有的灯都熄灭了！
4.Human life n this planet has been transfrmed int a “glbal village”， with all the different cuntries linked in the chain f cmmn interests.(with＋宾语＋dne)
不同国家因共同利益而连接起来，使得这个星球上人类的生活已经转变为“地球村”。
5.Withut the breakthrughs f these pineers in science and technlgy，whether lucky r planned，the wrld as we knw it tday wuld be a cmpletely different place.(withut短语表示虚拟条件)
无论是靠碰运气还是刻意努力，如果没有这些科技先驱者的突破，我们今天所熟悉的这个世界将会是个完全不同的地方。
6.Hawking was famus, nt just fr his brilliant wrk in theretical physics and csmlgy, but als fr vercming the challenges f ALS (a disease that affects muscle cntrl).[nt (als)...]
霍金出名，不仅是因为他在理论物理学和宇宙学方面的杰出工作，还因为他克服了ALS(一种影响肌肉控制的疾病)的挑战。
7.In The Grand Design (2010，with Lenard Mldinw)，Hawking argued that we shuld lk fr a different way t discver the deepest secrets f the universe.(argue that...)
在《宏伟设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金提出我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。
8.As the water biled，the steam made the tp f the kettle bunce up and dwn.(as引导时间状语从句)
当水沸腾时，蒸汽使水壶的盖子上下弹跳。
【词汇拓展记忆】
UNIT 12 INNOVATION
Ⅰ.单词拼写
一、阅读单词——知其意
1.labur－saving adj. ________________
2.micrscpe n. ________________
3.crrespnd vi. ________________
4.satellite n. ________________
5.premier adj. ________________
6.subsequently adv. ________________
7.bilgist n. ________________
8.navy n. ________________
9.missile n. ________________
10.physicist n. ________________
11.cincidence n. ________________
12.kettle n. ________________
13.revlutin n. ________________
14.fibre n. ________________
二、核心单词——写其形
1.____________ n.健康，幸福，舒适
2.____________ n.垃圾
3.____________ vi. & vt.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分)
4.____________ adj.坦率的，直言不讳的
5.____________ n.研究的结果；发现
6.____________ adj.谦虚的，谦卑的
7.____________ adj.宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的
8.____________ n.重力，引力
9.____________ n.水蒸气；蒸汽动力
结合语境运用单词
10.The electrnic ____________ (设备) need t be installed by a prfessinal and we’d better leave them alne.
11.It’s nt entirely clear why, but it prbably cmes dwn t hw the brain ____________ (察觉) these signals.
12.____________ (百万) f dllars were spent in dealing with water pllutin.
13.All f these ____________ (后果) are linked t a lack f physical exercise.
14.Suddenly a terrible idea ____________ (出现) in his mind that he had fallen int a trap.
15.It was by ____________ (克服) many difficulties that the fur men came t their destinatin.
三、拓展单词——通其变
1.science n.科学→____________ adj.科学(上)的→____________ n.科学家
2.accurate adj.正确无误的；精确的；准确的→____________ n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确
3.jin vt.参加；加入→____________ adj.联合的，共同的，共有的→____________ adv.共同地；联合地
4.clue n.线索；提示→____________ adj.一窍不通的，一无所知的
5.evaluate vt.评价；评估→____________ n.评价，评估
6.thery n.理论；学说→____________ adj.理论的
7.available adj.可利用的；可获得的→____________ n.可能性
8.explde vi. & vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长→____________ n.爆炸→____________ adj.易爆炸的
9.illustrate vt.说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图→____________ n.图表；图解；实例，示例
10.specific adj.特有的；具体的；明确的→____________ adv.特定地，专门地
11.electric adj.用电的，带电的，电动的→____________ adj.电的；用电→____________ adj.电子的→____________ n.电；电能
利用语境串记单词
12.The children in the muntain village have n ________________，s their teachers ften tell ____________ stries t ____________ them after class.(entertain)
13.Brian has a ____________ fr music and he wants t be a ____________ musician like Beethven.(gift)
14.The rice they grw this year is ____________ and they hpe that the ____________ will be twice as much as that f last year.(prduct)
15.The ____________ generusly ____________ fd and mney t the pr family and his ____________ helped them g thrugh the hard time.(dnate)
16.As an ____________ secretary，she can rganize varius jbs ____________ and imprve her ____________.(efficient)
17.After mnths f learning，his English has ____________ a lt，and his parents are als pleased with the ____________.(imprve)
18.The gvernment has issued a set f ___________ t ____________ the car rental market.(regulate)
19.Thugh he likes ______________ very much，he desn’t want t be a ______________ wh ____________ all the year rund.(sail)
20.As we try ur best t ____________ pandas，we shuld als pay attentin t the ____________ f their habitats.(preserve)
Ⅱ.短语填空
1.________________ 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)
2.________________ 更不用说
3.________________ 从……到……不等
4.________________ 弄懂；弄清楚
5.________________ 挑选
6.________________ 求助于；转向
7.________________ 熄灭
8.________________ 致力于；献给
9.________________ 减少到
10.________________ 考虑，回想
根据语境选词填空
11.I ________________ him fr help, but he turned his back n me.
12.I wnder whether yu have ________________ hw much the trip will cst.
13.There is much we can learn by _______________ the stries heard when we were children.
14.I have difficulty ________________ prper clthes fr the evening party, s culd yu help me?
15.I was in the middle f packing up my things when suddenly the light _______________ in the rm.
Ⅲ.句式仿写
1.句型公式： with＋宾语＋dne
试卷上交以后，学生们走出了教室。(动作描写)
____________________________________________________________________，
the students stepped ut f the classrm.
2.句型公式：as引导时间状语从句
他们中有些人边走边和别人核对答案。(动作描写)
Sme f them checked answers with thers ________________________________.
3.句型公式：argue that...
然而，我认为在考试完全结束之前核对答案并不是一个好主意。(观点态度)
Hwever，______________________________________________________
t check answers befre the examinatin ends cmpletely.
后缀－ness名词一览
“难过”与“哭泣”相关词集锦
“v.＋int”短语聚焦
①frgive→frgiveness 原谅；宽恕
②happy→happiness
快乐；幸福
③lnely→lneliness
孤独；寂寞
④kind→kindness
友好；善良
⑤tired→tiredness
疲劳；疲倦
⑥careless→carelessness 粗心大意
①srrw n. 悲伤，悲痛
②sadness n. 悲伤，悲痛
③grief n. 悲伤，悲痛
④sb n. & v. 抽噎；啜泣
⑤weep n. & v. 哭泣，流泪
⑥cry n. & v. 哭，哭泣
①burst int 突然……起来
②break int 闯入；破门而入
③lk int 调查；向……里看
④run int 撞上，偶然碰见
⑤turn int 变成
⑥knck int 撞上
后缀－y名词一览
“打扰”动词集锦
“in＋a＋n.”短语聚焦
①recver→recvery 康复，痊愈
②discver→discvery 发现
③inquire→inquiry 询问
④hnest→hnesty 诚实
⑤safe→safety 安全
⑥difficult→difficulty
困难
①bther 费心；麻烦
②interrupt 打扰；打断
③truble 麻烦；使烦恼
④disturb 打扰；妨碍
⑤interfere 打扰
①in a flash 瞬间；立刻
②in a hurry 匆忙地
③in a wrd 总之
④in a way 在某种程度上
⑤in a mess 一团糟
⑥in a rw 连续
后缀－cy名词一览
“保护”常用词集锦
“v.＋t”短语聚焦
①accurate→accuracy 准确性；精准度
②efficient→efficiency 效率，效能
③fluent→fluency 流利
④frequent→frequency 频繁；频率
⑤private→privacy 隐私
⑥emergent→emergency 突发事件，紧急情况
①preserve vt.保存；保护
②preservatin n. 保存；保护
③prtect v. 保护
④prtectin n. 保护
⑤cnserve v. 保存
⑥cnservatin n. 保护；保存
①turn t 转向；求助于
②lead t 导致；引起
③bject t 反对
④cme t 苏醒；总计，达到
⑤add t 增添
⑥agree t 同意(计划、建议)