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山西省大同市开学检测联考2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份山西省大同市开学检测联考2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含山西省大同市开学检测联考2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题原卷版docx、山西省大同市开学检测联考2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
考生注意：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man ding?
A. Making cffee. B. Drinking water. C. Washing cups.
2. Hw lng has the man been studying?
A. Fr 11 hurs. B. Fr 12 hurs. C. Fr 13 hurs.
3. What will the wman prbably d next?
A. Call her mther again. B. G t her mther's hme. C. Send her mther t hspital.
4. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Sales clerk and custmer. B. C-wrkers. C. Husband and wife.
5. What have been sld ut?
A. Chips. B. Chclates. C. Nuts.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When did the man finish his prject?
A This mrning. B. In the afternn. C. The day befre yesterday.
7. What des the wman mean?
A. She will finish it sn. B. She can chat nw. C: She des nt need help nw.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What des the man want t drink tday?
A. Milk. B. Yellw tea. C. Cffee.
9. Which des the man usually rder?
A. Brwn bread. B. Black bread. C. White bread.
10. What is free tday?
A. The bacn. B. The egg. C. The tast.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Wh did the speakers see?
A. A famus singer. B. An imprtant plitician. C. A rich businesswman.
12. What des the man say abut the city?
A. The living cst is lw. B. Hiking is nt cnvenient. C. The labr is cheap.
13. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A At a parking lt. B. At a restaurant. C. At a club.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why des the man refuse t eat at the university cafeteria?
A. It's less fun. B. It's t expensive. C. It's nt healthy.
15. What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Find a part-time jb. B. Fcus n study. C. Ck fr himself.
16. What des the man prbably want t be in the future?
A. A teacher. B. A banker. C. A dctr.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw lng will Mr. White's talk last?
A. Abut 15 minutes. B. Abut 30 minutes. C. Abut 60 minutes.
18 Wh will talk abut the curses?
A. The directr. B. The student adviser. C. The principal.
19. Where will the listeners meet at 11 'clck?
A. In the Main Hall. B. At the language lab. C. At classrm 521.
20. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. Services ffered t students. B. Language test requirements. C. A schedule fr the next day.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The cuntries f Central Asia are hme t cuntless sites justly famus fr their natural beauty and unique histry.
Medeu, Kazakhstan
On any trip t Central Asia, yu’ll likely find yurself in Almaty, the biggest city in Kazakhstan and a majr crssrad fr reginal flights. Visitrs can take advantage f the city’s museums r g skating at Medeu, a famus utdr ice skating field utside the city. Tickets vary in price; but adults (24 and up) can enter fr $5 and rent skates fr $3.
Tash Rabat, Kyrgyzstan
Once a church, Tash Rabat was later changed int a caravanserai, r inn, n the Silk Rad. The fficial caretakers, wh live nearby, will unlck the gate t allw visitrs t wander thrugh the well-preserved 600-year-ld stne buildings. After the explratin, cnsider staying at ne f the nearby yurt camps. Befre bed, be sure t lk up: the high sea level makes the starry night extra beautiful. Expect t pay abut $2 t enter Tash Rabat, plus arund $12 fr a night at a yurt camp.
The Pamir Highway, Tajikistan
The Pamir Highway is the lng stretch f rad that runs between Osh, Kyrgyzstan, and Dushanbe, Tajikistan. Set aside abut a-week fr the jurney t make time fr striking lakes and the grand snw-capped Hindu Kush muntains.
The Mausleum f Khja Ahmed Yasawi, Turkistan
Arriving in Almaty, bard a train (13-17 hurs) t Turkistan t explre the Mausleum. Dating t the late 14th century, it's believed t be the earliest example f the Timurid architectural style that defined the Silk Rad.
1. What can we knw abut Almaty?
A. It has few museums.B. It is lcated in Kyrgyzstan.
C. It is a famus utdr ice skating field.D. It has ne f the busiest reginal airprts.
2. Hw much shuld a visitr pay fr the yurt camp per night?
A. Abut $2.B. Abut $5.C. Abut $12.D. Abut $14.
3. Which is the ldest Timurid building?
A. Medeu.B. The Mausleum.
C. Tash Rabat.D. The Pamir Highway.
B
Visitrs will be able t get clse t — and even tuch — 100 life-size sculptures f Indian elephants which are beginning a crss-cuntry jurney that aims t raise awareness abut cnservatin. The real-life elephants f the sculptures are persnally knwn t The Cexistence Cllective — the cmmunity f arund 200 artists in suthern India wh made them.
The sculptures can be seen in Newprt, Rhde Island thrugh early September. Frm there they will head t New Yrk City, Miami, the Blackfeet Reservatin in Mntana and finally Ls Angeles.
The rganizatin is planning t sell the elephants ff t raise funds fr 22 cnservatin rganizatins arund the cuntry as the tur prgresses. Organizers said 30 sculptures had already been sld ff, with prices ranging frm $8, 000 fr a baby elephant t $22, 000 fr an adult. In Newprt, the prfit will g t Save the Bay, which wrks t remve freign grasses frm lcal wetlands in rder t restre the habitats fr the birds there.
The enrmus life-like sculptures are made ut f lantana-a tugh freign grass that’s been encraching upn the elephants’ natural frest habitat, pushing the animals nt tea and cffee farms where their cexistence with humans has becme a genuine challenge.
“Lantana has displaced animals acrss huge areas in India, because it takes ver frm herbs and bushes that are fd fr animals,” said Tarsh Thekaekara, a wildlife cnservatinist specializing in human-elephant relatins. “40 t 50% f many Indian parks are taken ver by it.”
Tarsh Thekaekara als hpes that visitrs will learn mre abut hw imprtant it is fr animals and humans t negtiate shared space, as mre places becme uninhabitable fr bth wing t direct human destructin and the impacts f human-caused climate change.
4. What can we learn abut the exhibitin?
A. Its first stp will be in New Yrk City.B. It includes 100 real elephants frm India
C. The sculptures will be sld at the same priceD. All the exhibits are based n identified elephants.
5. The underlined phrase “encraching upn” in paragraph 4 can be understd as ________.
A. restringB. damagingC. dividingD. restricting
6. What is Tarsh Thekaekara mainly wrried abut accrding t paragraph 5?
A. Public parks in India.B. Impacts f climate change.
C. A harmful freign grass.D. Human-elephant cexistence.
7. Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A. A news reprt.B. A guidebk t an exhibitin
C. An advertisement.D. An intrductin t an rganizatin
C
Fr the technically minded, GPT-4 is a significant change. Befre it, the primary way f interacting with ChatGPT was t type text-based questins and wait fr text-based respnses. Althugh a vice assistant was available, it was painfully slw and unnatural. I have tried, in recent mnths, t get ChatGPT t help me learn German. But the delays between me asking questins and ChatGPT's respnse, ften in incmprehensible and unaccented American English, made it next t useless.
By cntrast, the live-streamed demnstratin published earlier this week, shwed that the new AI mdel culd analyze cde, translate languages between tw speakers r guide users thrugh a basic math prblem written dwn n a piece f paper, all seemingly in real time. It even laughed in respnse t a jke. Accrding t its maker, OpenAI, this is the new nrmal: an AI mdel that can reasn acrss audi, visin and text in real time. It appears t be anther significant step twards turning science fictin int science fact.
That's great news fr OpenAI, a cmpany already valued at mre than $80 billin. It's als gd news fr thers in the AI industry wh are trying t apply it int every aspect f ur lives.
But it's less gd fr rdinary users. The ease t use helps us frget its riginal name, dating back t 1956: artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is certainly artificial. It's nt yet intelligent — and arguably never will be even if the smth interactivity that OpenAI has labured hard t enable des well t paper ver the cracks f the underlying technlgy.
When ChatGPT first made its appearance in Nvember 2022, thse wh had been fllwing the technlgy fr decades pinted ut that Al in its current frm was little mre than pattern-matching technlgy.
S try ChatGPT by all means, and play abut with its vice and vide interactins. But bear in mind its limitatins, and that this thing isn't intelligent, but it certainly is artificial, n matter hw much it pretends nt t be.
8. What des the authr think f the AI mdels befre GPT-4?
A. Dangerus.B. Intelligent.C. Cnvenient.D. Unhelpful.
9. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. The new trend f AI mdels.B. GPT-4’s imprved functins.
C. GPT-4’s pssible applicatins.D. Dubts abut the new AI mdel.
10. When did the term “artificial intelligence” cme int existence?
A. In the 1950s.B. In the 1960s.C. In the 2000s.D. In the 2020s.
11. What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. AI will be smarter than humans.B. We shuld stay away frm ChatGPT.
C. We shuldn’t be t ptimistic abut AI.D. ChatGPT will be mre intelligent in the future.
D
The idea that birth rder influences a child's persnality might be as ld as peple themselves Many mdern scientists still refuse t break up with the ppular thery. Frank Sullway is ne f them. In the 1990s and 2000s, he claimed that he fund a tendency fr cnservative research amng famus firstbrn scientists while mre radical (激进的) research, such as the thery f evlutin and relativity, was mre cmmn amng famus scientists brn later in their families. He als fund similar differences amng military and plitical leaders.
But mre recent studies thrw cld water n the thery. Rdica Damian, a prfessr f psychlgy at the University f Hustn, cnducted ne f the largest such studies in 2015, using data frm ver 440, 000 US high schl students. After cntrlling fr sciecnmic status, sex and age, the study shwed that the assciatin between birth rder and persnality was as clse t zer. Anther 2015 study cnfirmed Damian's findings. After analyzing three natinally representative samples frm the US, the UK and Germany, the researchers wrte “We cnsistently fund n birth-rder effects n persnality.”
Hwever, bth teams did find evidence fr ne quality that wuld please the firstbrns. The studies each shwed that they were slightly mre likely t have higher verbal intelligence.
“This desn't necessarily mean that firstbrns are smarter r learn mre easily” Damian wrte. “Mre likely, it's because firstbrns spend mre time arund adults in their early childhd.”
Then why des the birth rder thery still appeal t the public as well as sme researchers?
“Part f the reasn may have t d with ur wn experiences that will always appear t supprt it,” Damian explained. “Firstbrns usually seem t be mre respnsible because they are mre develpmentally mature.”
Indeed, the science f persnality develpment is anything but settled. Mdern research using twin studies suggests that persnality frmatin is abut 40 percent due t DNA. The rest may be a matter f a cmplex cmbinatin f envirnment and cultural practices that help shape the persnality with which we're brn.
12. Which statement might Frank Sullway agree with accrding t the text?
A. Yung scientists are mre creative
B. Firstbrns are mre likely t take risks.
C. The thery f relativity was nce cnsidered radical.
D. We shuldn't trust radical military and plitical leaders
13. What did the tw 2015 studies find?
A. Firstbrns had much higher verbal intelligence
B. Birth rder hardly had a lasting effect n persnality.
C. Birth rder affected children's emtinal intelligence.
D. Firstbrns enjyed spending mre time arund adults.
14. What can be inferred frm paragraph 4?
A. Firstbrns are cleverer and can learn much faster.
B. Firstbrns are mre talkative than the yunger nes
C. Firstbrns are usually mre respnsible and successful.
D. Firstbrn babies usually get mre attentin frm the family
15. Accrding t the twin studies persnality is _________.
A. influenced by a series f factrsB. usually decided by the envirnment
C. decisively shaped by cultural practicesD. mainly determined by the bilgical factr
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There’s n shrtage f tricks fr imprving mental health. But many f them are nt yet well understd. Here are sme f the tried-and-true things that yu can turn t.
___16___
Surely it is nt surprising that getting utside is first n this list. There’s strng evidence that it really can help reduce stress and imprve md. Fr example, researchers have fund that lking at cmplex patterns fund in flwers, muntains, cean waves and ther elements f nature can lead t mre a-waves in yur brain that are assciated with relaxatin. ___17___ . Fr instance, yu can pen a windw t let in fresh air r use nature-inspired scents (气味).
Tidy up yur space
Getting rganized wn’t help with serius depressin. ___18___ . In additin, it can als enhance yur prductivity at the ffice and greatly imprve the quality f yur life if yu can learn hw t declutter and becme rganized.
Plan a trip
Taking a vacatin is nt a new idea when it cmes t bsting yur mental health. But what if yu dn’t have the means r the time? ___19___. Research shws that anticipating a trip can increase a persn’s happiness.
G fr a bike ride
Of curse, any kind f exercise is gd fr yur mental health. But researchers say that bike riding is ne f the best physical activities yu can d t feel better. ___20___ .
A. Spend mre time in nature
B. Put these tips int practice immediately
C. But it can make a difference fr yur mental health
D. Maybe it’s time t start planning a trip t ne f the ht spts
E. Well, it turns ut that even just planning a vacatin can help a lt
F. If yu’re unable t get utdrs, there are still helpful things yu can d
G. Thse wh just cycle nce a week reprt much higher levels f mental well-being
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After William Geil’s histric jurney alng the Great Wall (1908) and the publicatin f his bk n the subject (1909), many bks ___21___ the Great Wall fllwed. Mst f them were in Chinese, while just a handful appeared in English. But the latter (后者) were mainly histrical accunts, written by freign researchers with little field experience f the extensive ___22___ . 70 years later, I became the first freigner t fllw in William Geil’s ___23___ .
My years-lng ___24___ led t a strehuse f material and knwledge that I have used t ___25___ The Great Wall Explained, which has becme a textbk fr jurnalists, filmmakers, students and thse planning ___26___ alng the Great Wall fr mre than just a day r s.
I knew that it’s easy t write a cmplex bk that readers culd nt ___27___ , s I tried my best t priritise accessibility, specifically in rder t ___28___ students — in China and arund the wrld — fr they are the key t creating a better ___29___ fr the Great Wall. I dn’t think it will be in ___30___ hands until generatins f university students have ___31___ its diversity as a subject fr a semester-length perid.
The bk is an explanatin f the gegraphy, histry, appearance and functin f the walls ___32___ in varius dynasties. After a brief intrductin, I then explain the Great Wall thrugh the ___33___ chapters: Cnflict, Cnstructin, Architecture, Operatin, Persnages, Views and Cnservatin. ___34___ illustrated with phts that help t explain, the bk als ___35___ many self-drawn maps and self-designed charts.
21. A. applying tB. reminding fC. fcusing nD. respnding t
22. A. ruinsB. desertsC. muntainsD. farms
23. A. bksB. shadwsC. ntesD. ftsteps
24. A. absenceB. effrtC. educatinD. war
25. A. writeB. teachC. missD. sell
26. A. lecturesB. mviesC. tripsD. interviews
27. A. affrdB. understandC. brrwD. buy
28. A. ignreB. frgetC. seeD. interest
29. A. planB. designC. stryD. future
30. A. weakB. rughC. safeD. big
31. A. acceptedB. studiedC. regardedD. served
32. A. builtB. restredC. discveredD. damaged
33. A. cmplexB. fllwingC. newD. cnfusing
34. A. BarelyB. CasuallyC. RichlyD. Similarly
35. A. investigatesB. impactsC. defendsD. includes
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Maybe ur hpe f ne day ___36___ (live) n Mars-like planets lies in a kind f desert mss (苔藓), Syntrichia caninervis, ___37___ can adapt t extreme stress cnditins.
A grup f Chinese scientists ___38___ (experiment) with the mss in Mars-like cnditins and fund that it was able t survive in such envirnment. “Lking t the future, we expect that this prmising mss culd be brught t Mars r Mn t further test the ___39___ (pssible) f grwth in uter space,” ___40___ researchers wrte in an article published in the jurnal The Innvatin.
“This paper is exciting because it ___41___ (shw) that the desert mss can survive shrt expsures t sme f the ___42___ (stress) that are likely t be fund n Mars, including high levels f radiatin, extremely lw temperatures and very lw xygen levels,” said mss expert Stuart McDaniel, wh was nt invlved in the study. “ ___43___ particular, the desert mss culd play an imprtant rle in lng-term space travels. Althugh it is nt eatable, it may ___44___ (efficient) turn CO2 and water int xygen and fd that humans need ___45___ (survive).”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，近日参加了学校组织的创意手工作品（handicraft）展并获得了一等奖，外籍笔友David对你的作品很感兴趣，请你给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1. 作品介绍；
2. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
He was the prettiest hmeless dg we had ever seen at the shelter. We immediately fell in lve with him and decided t give him a permanent hme. Our ten-year-ld daughter. Margie, named him Onyx because f his thick, shiny black hair. When we adpted him, Onyx was nly ten weeks ld and we had n idea that this amazing little baby dg wuld end up being ur her.
As he grew lder, Onyx became mre and mre invlved in ur family activities. He particularly lved swimming with us n ht summer days. He wuld flat in the river in his wn rubber tube（橡皮圈）. Smetimes, he wuld stand n the tp f the tube with a big smile and shw ff his perfect balance. Otherwise, he wuld rest his frnt legs ver the edge f the rubber tube and keep his eyes shut as he flated until he had enugh f the warm sun n his thick, black cat.
One day, Margie annunced she was ging t swim in the pnd in frnt f ur huse. But it happened that n ne in the family was free t g swimming with her that day. The unwritten rule in my family, regardless f swimming ability, was t have a cmpanin in the water. I was nt a gd swimmer, s I said t Margie, “Take Onyx with yu.”
Having heard his name, Onyx jumped t his feet and was ready fr actin. Margie signaled him t fllw and they rushed t the water tgether. Hwever, I still felt uneasy at the mment.
I went t the drway and watched them reach the pnd. They rested n the shre fr a few minutes befre diving int the water and started swimming side by side. Suddenly I heard Margie calling ut, “Help! My leg hurts!”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing my daughter struggling in the water, I dashed t the pnd.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After they were sale n the shre, I hugged Onyx and my daughter tightly.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考生注意：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man ding?
A. Making cffee. B. Drinking water. C. Washing cups.
2. Hw lng has the man been studying?
A. Fr 11 hurs. B. Fr 12 hurs. C. Fr 13 hurs.
3. What will the wman prbably d next?
A. Call her mther again. B. G t her mther's hme. C. Send her mther t hspital.
4. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Sales clerk and custmer. B. C-wrkers. C. Husband and wife.
5. What have been sld ut?
A. Chips. B. Chclates. C. Nuts.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When did the man finish his prject?
A This mrning. B. In the afternn. C. The day befre yesterday.
7. What des the wman mean?
A. She will finish it sn. B. She can chat nw. C: She des nt need help nw.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What des the man want t drink tday?
A. Milk. B. Yellw tea. C. Cffee.
9. Which des the man usually rder?
A. Brwn bread. B. Black bread. C. White bread.
10. What is free tday?
A. The bacn. B. The egg. C. The tast.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Wh did the speakers see?
A. A famus singer. B. An imprtant plitician. C. A rich businesswman.
12. What des the man say abut the city?
A. The living cst is lw. B. Hiking is nt cnvenient. C. The labr is cheap.
13. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A At a parking lt. B. At a restaurant. C. At a club.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why des the man refuse t eat at the university cafeteria?
A. It's less fun. B. It's t expensive. C. It's nt healthy.
15. What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Find a part-time jb. B. Fcus n study. C. Ck fr himself.
16. What des the man prbably want t be in the future?
A. A teacher. B. A banker. C. A dctr.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw lng will Mr. White's talk last?
A. Abut 15 minutes. B. Abut 30 minutes. C. Abut 60 minutes.
18 Wh will talk abut the curses?
A. The directr. B. The student adviser. C. The principal.
19. Where will the listeners meet at 11 'clck?
A. In the Main Hall. B. At the language lab. C. At classrm 521.
20. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. Services ffered t students. B. Language test requirements. C. A schedule fr the next day.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The cuntries f Central Asia are hme t cuntless sites justly famus fr their natural beauty and unique histry.
Medeu, Kazakhstan
On any trip t Central Asia, yu’ll likely find yurself in Almaty, the biggest city in Kazakhstan and a majr crssrad fr reginal flights. Visitrs can take advantage f the city’s museums r g skating at Medeu, a famus utdr ice skating field utside the city. Tickets vary in price; but adults (24 and up) can enter fr $5 and rent skates fr $3.
Tash Rabat, Kyrgyzstan
Once a church, Tash Rabat was later changed int a caravanserai, r inn, n the Silk Rad. The fficial caretakers, wh live nearby, will unlck the gate t allw visitrs t wander thrugh the well-preserved 600-year-ld stne buildings. After the explratin, cnsider staying at ne f the nearby yurt camps. Befre bed, be sure t lk up: the high sea level makes the starry night extra beautiful. Expect t pay abut $2 t enter Tash Rabat, plus arund $12 fr a night at a yurt camp.
The Pamir Highway, Tajikistan
The Pamir Highway is the lng stretch f rad that runs between Osh, Kyrgyzstan, and Dushanbe, Tajikistan. Set aside abut a-week fr the jurney t make time fr striking lakes and the grand snw-capped Hindu Kush muntains.
The Mausleum f Khja Ahmed Yasawi, Turkistan
Arriving in Almaty, bard a train (13-17 hurs) t Turkistan t explre the Mausleum. Dating t the late 14th century, it's believed t be the earliest example f the Timurid architectural style that defined the Silk Rad.
1. What can we knw abut Almaty?
A. It has few museums.B. It is lcated in Kyrgyzstan.
C. It is a famus utdr ice skating field.D. It has ne f the busiest reginal airprts.
2. Hw much shuld a visitr pay fr the yurt camp per night?
A. Abut $2.B. Abut $5.C. Abut $12.D. Abut $14.
3. Which is the ldest Timurid building?
A. Medeu.B. The Mausleum.
C. Tash Rabat.D. The Pamir Highway.
B
Visitrs will be able t get clse t — and even tuch — 100 life-size sculptures f Indian elephants which are beginning a crss-cuntry jurney that aims t raise awareness abut cnservatin. The real-life elephants f the sculptures are persnally knwn t The Cexistence Cllective — the cmmunity f arund 200 artists in suthern India wh made them.
The sculptures can be seen in Newprt, Rhde Island thrugh early September. Frm there they will head t New Yrk City, Miami, the Blackfeet Reservatin in Mntana and finally Ls Angeles.
The rganizatin is planning t sell the elephants ff t raise funds fr 22 cnservatin rganizatins arund the cuntry as the tur prgresses. Organizers said 30 sculptures had already been sld ff, with prices ranging frm $8, 000 fr a baby elephant t $22, 000 fr an adult. In Newprt, the prfit will g t Save the Bay, which wrks t remve freign grasses frm lcal wetlands in rder t restre the habitats fr the birds there.
The enrmus life-like sculptures are made ut f lantana-a tugh freign grass that’s been encraching upn the elephants’ natural frest habitat, pushing the animals nt tea and cffee farms where their cexistence with humans has becme a genuine challenge.
“Lantana has displaced animals acrss huge areas in India, because it takes ver frm herbs and bushes that are fd fr animals,” said Tarsh Thekaekara, a wildlife cnservatinist specializing in human-elephant relatins. “40 t 50% f many Indian parks are taken ver by it.”
Tarsh Thekaekara als hpes that visitrs will learn mre abut hw imprtant it is fr animals and humans t negtiate shared space, as mre places becme uninhabitable fr bth wing t direct human destructin and the impacts f human-caused climate change.
4. What can we learn abut the exhibitin?
A. Its first stp will be in New Yrk City.B. It includes 100 real elephants frm India
C. The sculptures will be sld at the same priceD. All the exhibits are based n identified elephants.
5. The underlined phrase “encraching upn” in paragraph 4 can be understd as ________.
A. restringB. damagingC. dividingD. restricting
6. What is Tarsh Thekaekara mainly wrried abut accrding t paragraph 5?
A. Public parks in India.B. Impacts f climate change.
C. A harmful freign grass.D. Human-elephant cexistence.
7. Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A. A news reprt.B. A guidebk t an exhibitin
C. An advertisement.D. An intrductin t an rganizatin
C
Fr the technically minded, GPT-4 is a significant change. Befre it, the primary way f interacting with ChatGPT was t type text-based questins and wait fr text-based respnses. Althugh a vice assistant was available, it was painfully slw and unnatural. I have tried, in recent mnths, t get ChatGPT t help me learn German. But the delays between me asking questins and ChatGPT's respnse, ften in incmprehensible and unaccented American English, made it next t useless.
By cntrast, the live-streamed demnstratin published earlier this week, shwed that the new AI mdel culd analyze cde, translate languages between tw speakers r guide users thrugh a basic math prblem written dwn n a piece f paper, all seemingly in real time. It even laughed in respnse t a jke. Accrding t its maker, OpenAI, this is the new nrmal: an AI mdel that can reasn acrss audi, visin and text in real time. It appears t be anther significant step twards turning science fictin int science fact.
That's great news fr OpenAI, a cmpany already valued at mre than $80 billin. It's als gd news fr thers in the AI industry wh are trying t apply it int every aspect f ur lives.
But it's less gd fr rdinary users. The ease t use helps us frget its riginal name, dating back t 1956: artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is certainly artificial. It's nt yet intelligent — and arguably never will be even if the smth interactivity that OpenAI has labured hard t enable des well t paper ver the cracks f the underlying technlgy.
When ChatGPT first made its appearance in Nvember 2022, thse wh had been fllwing the technlgy fr decades pinted ut that Al in its current frm was little mre than pattern-matching technlgy.
S try ChatGPT by all means, and play abut with its vice and vide interactins. But bear in mind its limitatins, and that this thing isn't intelligent, but it certainly is artificial, n matter hw much it pretends nt t be.
8. What des the authr think f the AI mdels befre GPT-4?
A. Dangerus.B. Intelligent.C. Cnvenient.D. Unhelpful.
9. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. The new trend f AI mdels.B. GPT-4’s imprved functins.
C. GPT-4’s pssible applicatins.D. Dubts abut the new AI mdel.
10. When did the term “artificial intelligence” cme int existence?
A. In the 1950s.B. In the 1960s.C. In the 2000s.D. In the 2020s.
11. What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. AI will be smarter than humans.B. We shuld stay away frm ChatGPT.
C. We shuldn’t be t ptimistic abut AI.D. ChatGPT will be mre intelligent in the future.
D
The idea that birth rder influences a child's persnality might be as ld as peple themselves Many mdern scientists still refuse t break up with the ppular thery. Frank Sullway is ne f them. In the 1990s and 2000s, he claimed that he fund a tendency fr cnservative research amng famus firstbrn scientists while mre radical (激进的) research, such as the thery f evlutin and relativity, was mre cmmn amng famus scientists brn later in their families. He als fund similar differences amng military and plitical leaders.
But mre recent studies thrw cld water n the thery. Rdica Damian, a prfessr f psychlgy at the University f Hustn, cnducted ne f the largest such studies in 2015, using data frm ver 440, 000 US high schl students. After cntrlling fr sciecnmic status, sex and age, the study shwed that the assciatin between birth rder and persnality was as clse t zer. Anther 2015 study cnfirmed Damian's findings. After analyzing three natinally representative samples frm the US, the UK and Germany, the researchers wrte “We cnsistently fund n birth-rder effects n persnality.”
Hwever, bth teams did find evidence fr ne quality that wuld please the firstbrns. The studies each shwed that they were slightly mre likely t have higher verbal intelligence.
“This desn't necessarily mean that firstbrns are smarter r learn mre easily” Damian wrte. “Mre likely, it's because firstbrns spend mre time arund adults in their early childhd.”
Then why des the birth rder thery still appeal t the public as well as sme researchers?
“Part f the reasn may have t d with ur wn experiences that will always appear t supprt it,” Damian explained. “Firstbrns usually seem t be mre respnsible because they are mre develpmentally mature.”
Indeed, the science f persnality develpment is anything but settled. Mdern research using twin studies suggests that persnality frmatin is abut 40 percent due t DNA. The rest may be a matter f a cmplex cmbinatin f envirnment and cultural practices that help shape the persnality with which we're brn.
12. Which statement might Frank Sullway agree with accrding t the text?
A. Yung scientists are mre creative
B. Firstbrns are mre likely t take risks.
C. The thery f relativity was nce cnsidered radical.
D. We shuldn't trust radical military and plitical leaders
13. What did the tw 2015 studies find?
A. Firstbrns had much higher verbal intelligence
B. Birth rder hardly had a lasting effect n persnality.
C. Birth rder affected children's emtinal intelligence.
D. Firstbrns enjyed spending mre time arund adults.
14. What can be inferred frm paragraph 4?
A. Firstbrns are cleverer and can learn much faster.
B. Firstbrns are mre talkative than the yunger nes
C. Firstbrns are usually mre respnsible and successful.
D. Firstbrn babies usually get mre attentin frm the family
15. Accrding t the twin studies persnality is _________.
A. influenced by a series f factrsB. usually decided by the envirnment
C. decisively shaped by cultural practicesD. mainly determined by the bilgical factr
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There’s n shrtage f tricks fr imprving mental health. But many f them are nt yet well understd. Here are sme f the tried-and-true things that yu can turn t.
___16___
Surely it is nt surprising that getting utside is first n this list. There’s strng evidence that it really can help reduce stress and imprve md. Fr example, researchers have fund that lking at cmplex patterns fund in flwers, muntains, cean waves and ther elements f nature can lead t mre a-waves in yur brain that are assciated with relaxatin. ___17___ . Fr instance, yu can pen a windw t let in fresh air r use nature-inspired scents (气味).
Tidy up yur space
Getting rganized wn’t help with serius depressin. ___18___ . In additin, it can als enhance yur prductivity at the ffice and greatly imprve the quality f yur life if yu can learn hw t declutter and becme rganized.
Plan a trip
Taking a vacatin is nt a new idea when it cmes t bsting yur mental health. But what if yu dn’t have the means r the time? ___19___. Research shws that anticipating a trip can increase a persn’s happiness.
G fr a bike ride
Of curse, any kind f exercise is gd fr yur mental health. But researchers say that bike riding is ne f the best physical activities yu can d t feel better. ___20___ .
A. Spend mre time in nature
B. Put these tips int practice immediately
C. But it can make a difference fr yur mental health
D. Maybe it’s time t start planning a trip t ne f the ht spts
E. Well, it turns ut that even just planning a vacatin can help a lt
F. If yu’re unable t get utdrs, there are still helpful things yu can d
G. Thse wh just cycle nce a week reprt much higher levels f mental well-being
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After William Geil’s histric jurney alng the Great Wall (1908) and the publicatin f his bk n the subject (1909), many bks ___21___ the Great Wall fllwed. Mst f them were in Chinese, while just a handful appeared in English. But the latter (后者) were mainly histrical accunts, written by freign researchers with little field experience f the extensive ___22___ . 70 years later, I became the first freigner t fllw in William Geil’s ___23___ .
My years-lng ___24___ led t a strehuse f material and knwledge that I have used t ___25___ The Great Wall Explained, which has becme a textbk fr jurnalists, filmmakers, students and thse planning ___26___ alng the Great Wall fr mre than just a day r s.
I knew that it’s easy t write a cmplex bk that readers culd nt ___27___ , s I tried my best t priritise accessibility, specifically in rder t ___28___ students — in China and arund the wrld — fr they are the key t creating a better ___29___ fr the Great Wall. I dn’t think it will be in ___30___ hands until generatins f university students have ___31___ its diversity as a subject fr a semester-length perid.
The bk is an explanatin f the gegraphy, histry, appearance and functin f the walls ___32___ in varius dynasties. After a brief intrductin, I then explain the Great Wall thrugh the ___33___ chapters: Cnflict, Cnstructin, Architecture, Operatin, Persnages, Views and Cnservatin. ___34___ illustrated with phts that help t explain, the bk als ___35___ many self-drawn maps and self-designed charts.
21. A. applying tB. reminding fC. fcusing nD. respnding t
22. A. ruinsB. desertsC. muntainsD. farms
23. A. bksB. shadwsC. ntesD. ftsteps
24. A. absenceB. effrtC. educatinD. war
25. A. writeB. teachC. missD. sell
26. A. lecturesB. mviesC. tripsD. interviews
27. A. affrdB. understandC. brrwD. buy
28. A. ignreB. frgetC. seeD. interest
29. A. planB. designC. stryD. future
30. A. weakB. rughC. safeD. big
31. A. acceptedB. studiedC. regardedD. served
32. A. builtB. restredC. discveredD. damaged
33. A. cmplexB. fllwingC. newD. cnfusing
34. A. BarelyB. CasuallyC. RichlyD. Similarly
35. A. investigatesB. impactsC. defendsD. includes
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Maybe ur hpe f ne day ___36___ (live) n Mars-like planets lies in a kind f desert mss (苔藓), Syntrichia caninervis, ___37___ can adapt t extreme stress cnditins.
A grup f Chinese scientists ___38___ (experiment) with the mss in Mars-like cnditins and fund that it was able t survive in such envirnment. “Lking t the future, we expect that this prmising mss culd be brught t Mars r Mn t further test the ___39___ (pssible) f grwth in uter space,” ___40___ researchers wrte in an article published in the jurnal The Innvatin.
“This paper is exciting because it ___41___ (shw) that the desert mss can survive shrt expsures t sme f the ___42___ (stress) that are likely t be fund n Mars, including high levels f radiatin, extremely lw temperatures and very lw xygen levels,” said mss expert Stuart McDaniel, wh was nt invlved in the study. “ ___43___ particular, the desert mss culd play an imprtant rle in lng-term space travels. Althugh it is nt eatable, it may ___44___ (efficient) turn CO2 and water int xygen and fd that humans need ___45___ (survive).”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，近日参加了学校组织的创意手工作品（handicraft）展并获得了一等奖，外籍笔友David对你的作品很感兴趣，请你给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1. 作品介绍；
2. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
He was the prettiest hmeless dg we had ever seen at the shelter. We immediately fell in lve with him and decided t give him a permanent hme. Our ten-year-ld daughter. Margie, named him Onyx because f his thick, shiny black hair. When we adpted him, Onyx was nly ten weeks ld and we had n idea that this amazing little baby dg wuld end up being ur her.
As he grew lder, Onyx became mre and mre invlved in ur family activities. He particularly lved swimming with us n ht summer days. He wuld flat in the river in his wn rubber tube（橡皮圈）. Smetimes, he wuld stand n the tp f the tube with a big smile and shw ff his perfect balance. Otherwise, he wuld rest his frnt legs ver the edge f the rubber tube and keep his eyes shut as he flated until he had enugh f the warm sun n his thick, black cat.
One day, Margie annunced she was ging t swim in the pnd in frnt f ur huse. But it happened that n ne in the family was free t g swimming with her that day. The unwritten rule in my family, regardless f swimming ability, was t have a cmpanin in the water. I was nt a gd swimmer, s I said t Margie, “Take Onyx with yu.”
Having heard his name, Onyx jumped t his feet and was ready fr actin. Margie signaled him t fllw and they rushed t the water tgether. Hwever, I still felt uneasy at the mment.
I went t the drway and watched them reach the pnd. They rested n the shre fr a few minutes befre diving int the water and started swimming side by side. Suddenly I heard Margie calling ut, “Help! My leg hurts!”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing my daughter struggling in the water, I dashed t the pnd.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After they were sale n the shre, I hugged Onyx and my daughter tightly.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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