新疆喀什地区2022_2023学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析

这是一份新疆喀什地区2022_2023学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析，共23页。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the wman want t d?
A. Find a place. B. Buy a map. C. Get an address.
2. What will the man d fr the wman?
A. Repair her car. B. Give her a ride. C. Pick up her aunt.
3. Wh might Mr. Petersn be?
A. A new prfessr. B. A department head. C. A cmpany directr.
4. What des the man think f the bk?
A. Quite difficult. B. Very interesting. C. T simple.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Weather. B. Clthes. C. News.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is Harry unwilling t jin the wman?
A. He has a pain in his knee. B. He wants t watch TV. C. He is t lazy.
7. What will the wman prbably d next?
A. Stay at hme. B. Take Harry t hspital. C. D sme exercise.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When will the man be hme frm wrk?
A. At 5:45. B. At 6:15. C. At 6:50.
9. Where will the speakers g?
A. The Green Huse Cinema. B. The New State Cinema. C. The UME Cinema.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Hw will the speakers g t New Yrk?
A. By air. B. By taxi. C. By bus.
11. Why are the speakers making the trip?
A. Fr business. B. Fr shpping. C. Fr hliday.
12. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Driver and passenger. B. Husband and wife. C. Fellw wrkers.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where des this cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In an ffice. C. In a classrm.
14. What des Jhn d nw?
A. He’s a trainer. B. He’s a tur guide. C. He’s a cllege student.
15. Hw much can a new persn earn fr the first year?
A. ＄10,500. B. ＄12,000. C. ＄15,000.
16. Hw many peple will the wman hire?
A. Fur. B. Three. C. Tw.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw lng has the speaker lived in a big city?
A One year. B. Ten years. C. Eighteen years.
18. What is the speaker’s pinin n public transprt?
A. It’s cmfrtable. B. It’s time-saving. C. It’s cheap.
19. What is gd abut living in a small twn?
A. It’s safer. B. It’s healthier. C. It’s mre cnvenient.
20. What kind f life des the speaker seem t like mst?
A. Busy. B. Clurful. C. Quiet.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
SHARK CONSERVATION IN SOUTH AFRICA
Take a tw-week trip that yu will never frget as a vlunteer with sharks n a beautiful stretch f Suth Africa’s castline. Head ut t sea t witness ne f the wrld’s mst pwerful (and mst misunderstd) creatures n this inspiring prject, enjying watching them frm bth abve and belw water.
The DAY-BY-DAY schedule
Day 1: Arrive in Cape Twn n a Sunday. Yu will be cllected frm the airprt and spend yur first night in a guest huse in the city centre.
Day 2: Yu will be cllected bright and early frm the guest huse and taken dwn t the prject The drive takes abut 90 minutes. Yu will receive a welcme and head ut t sea t witness yur first sharks!
Day 3+: Mst days yu will be ut n the bat with the sharks, depending n weather. Help ut with the full range f tasks n the bats, and in cnservatin initiatives n land t.
Last day: On the final day f yur prject yu will be taken back t Cape Twn fr yur nward travel.
The price is £829,including the vluntary wrk prgramme with accmmdatins, airprt transfers, ne night in a guest huse in Cape Twn, breakfasts daily and lunches when n the bats. Yur trip can be extended at a cst f £ 375 per week.
It is an amazing experience! Sme vlunteers planned t stay fr 4 weeks, extended t 6 weeks and still didn’t want t cme hme. If yu’d like t chat abut this hliday r need help, we’re very happy t help.
Call us at 01273 823 700.
Email us at rsy@respnsibletravel.cm.
1. When will yu really begin yur shark watching trip?
A. On a Friday.B. On a Saturday.
C. On a Sunday.D. On a Mnday.
2. What will yu prbably d n the third day if weather permits?
A. Sail n the cean.
B. Return t Cape Twn.
C. Buy sme suvenirs.
D. Dive with sharks.
3. Hw much will yu spend n a three-week shark cnservatin trip?
A. £ 375.B. £ 750.C. £ 829.D. £ 1,204.
【答案】1. D2. A3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期二周的鲨鱼保护之旅的具体安排和活动细节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The DAY-BY-DAY schedule中“Day 1: Arrive in Cape Twn n a Sunday.( 星期天到达开普敦。) ”和“Day 2: Yu will receive a welcme and head ut t sea t witness yur first sharks!( 您将受到欢迎，并出海见证您的第一条鲨鱼！)”可知，周日到达观测鲨鱼的地方，第二天看到第一条鲨鱼。由此可知，在这次观测鲨鱼之旅的日程安排中，周一可以开始观测鲨鱼之旅。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 3+: Mst days yu will be ut n the bat with the sharks, depending n weather.( 第三天以后:根据天气情况，大部分时间你会和鲨鱼一起出海。)”可知，如果天气情况许可，第三天你海上航行观测鲨鱼。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a tw-week trip…”和倒数第四段“The price is £829,including the vluntary wrk prgramme with accmmdatins, airprt transfers, ne night in a guest huse in Cape Twn, breakfasts daily and lunches when n the bats. Yur trip can be extended at a cst f £ 375 per week.( 价格为829英镑，包括志愿工作计划，包括住宿、机场接送、在开普敦的宾馆住一晚、每天早餐和船上午餐。您的旅行可以延长，每周费用为375英镑。)可知，因为这是一个两周的旅行项目，所以为期三周的鲨鱼保护之旅，你需要支付：£829+£375=£1204。故选D。
B
Wndering what bacteria are? First, t help t understand a bit abut ur bdies, think f a brick huse. All the bricks stick tgether t frm the walls. Similarly, ur bdy is built f building blcks. Instead f bricks, hwever, ur bdies are built ut f cells. These cells are extremely small.
Bacteria are very small, single-celled rganisms. Our bdy is made ut f trillins (万亿)f cells, while a bacterium has nly ne cell. Bacteria are similar t the cells that make up ur bdy. They are very small micrrganisms, ften much smaller than ur cells. Bacteria are fund almst everywhere n Earth. Right nw, bacteria are prbably living n yur skin and in yur bdy.
Many bacteria are helpful. They can help yur bdy break dwn and digest fd. Sme bacteria, hwever, like Salmnella, are harmful and can make peple very sick. Many bacteria get fd frm their envirnment. Als, bacteria have a DNA blueprint, and can reprduce.
We knw f at least 300 species f bacteria, and scientists ften discver new species. Sme bacteria are gd fr us. Many bacteria are harmless. Sme bacteria are dangerus, and alng with ther bad micrbes (微生物), they are called “germs”.
Bacteria are small, usually micrscpic rganisms. This means yu typically can’t see bacteria withut a micrscpe r anther tl. Bacteria are living rganisms. Hwever, sme bacteria can use phtsynthesis (光合作用), like plants, t create energy. This means they use sunlight and ther things t create energy.
Bacteria are fund pretty much everywhere n Earth. Right nw bacteria are likely present n yur skin. They may als be present n the cmputer screen, n yur fd, and in many ther places. Many bacteria live in yur digestive tract and help yur bdy break dwn fd.
4. Why des the authr mentin the brick huse?
A. T shw the imprtance f cells.
B. T give an explanatin fr cells.
C. T help understand bacteria.
D. T prve bacteria are necessary fr ur bdy.
5. What can we knw abut the feature f bacteria?
A. Bacteria can be nly seen with the help f a micrscpe.
B. Bacteria are fund nly in human’s bdy.
C. Bacteria are similar t the cells in size.
D. Bacteria are single-celled rganisms.
6. What can we knw abut bacteria?
A. Sme bacteria can generate energy.
B. Mst bacteria are dangerus.
C. Bacteria are a little bit bigger than cells.
D. We knw f less than 30, 000 species f bacteria.
7. What is the best title f the text?
A. The intrductin f germ
B. The intrductin f bacteria
C. The discvery f new bacteria
D. The distinctin f gd and bad bacteria
【答案】4. C5. D6. A7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关细菌的一些知识。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“First, t help t understand a bit abut ur bdies, think f a brick huse. All the bricks stick tgether t frm the walls. Similarly, ur bdy is built f building blcks. Instead f bricks, hwever, ur bdies are built ut f cells. These cells are extremely small.(首先，为了帮助我们了解我们的身体，想象一个砖房。所有的砖粘在一起形成了墙。同样，我们的身体也是由积木组成的。然而，我们的身体不是由砖块构成的，而是由细胞构成的。这些细胞非常小)”可推知，作者列举砖房的例子是为了帮助我们理解什么是细菌。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Bacteria are very small, single-celled rganisms.(细菌是非常小的单细胞生物)”可知，细菌的特点是它们是微小的单细胞生物。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Hwever, sme bacteria can use phtsynthesis (光合作用), like plants, t create energy. This means they use sunlight and ther things t create energy.(然而，有些细菌可以像植物一样利用光合作用创造能量。这意味着他们利用阳光和其他东西来创造能量)”可知，一些细菌可以产生能量。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了有关细菌的一些知识，例如它们的结构、存在范围、作用和对人类的影响等。由此可知，B项“对细菌的介绍”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
C
Many peple feel that dream is unique t humans. Hwever, many dg wners will likely disagree n that. They have nticed that their dgs at varius times during the sleep may shake legs, snrt (哼) and smetimes grwl (低声吼叫) which gives the impressin that they are dreaming. These things may wnder us abut whether dgs dream.
Scientists cnfirm that dgs prbably d dream. It turns ut that dg brains and human brains have many similarities during sleep cycles. Researchers used special machines t measure electrical activity in a dg’s brain and human’s brain. Scientists already knew that when humans dream, a certain part f the brain is active during sleep. Researchers discvered that the same part f the brain is active in sleeping dgs. Scientists have ther data that back up these findings.
Many peple dream that they are trying t mve but cannt. Interestingly, part f that experience is nt a dream. When peple sleep, the brain prduces a chemical that causes the dreamer t becme temprarily paralyzed (使麻痹). Researchers think this happens s that peple cannt physically act ut dreams while they are sleeping. Dg brains make the same chemical. In ne study during which this chemical was blcked, sleeping test dgs perfrmed physical activities, such as standing up, sniffing arund the rm fr imaginary rabbits, r chasing imaginary balls.
Because f these similarities, researchers believe that the cntent f a dg’s dream might cme frm the same surce as a human’s dream. “Peple’s dreams are usually based n things they did that day,” says Dr. Samantha Hudspith. “S there is reasn t believe that dgs dream abut the things they’ve dne that day. Of curse, there will never be a way t prve this. Dgs cannt describe their dreams the way that humans can.”
8. What des the underlined phrase “back up” mean in the secnd paragraph?
A. Disagree.B. Supprt.
C. Recrd.D. Shw.
9. What happened t a sleeping dg when this chemical mentined in paragraph 3 was cut ff?
A. It wke up.B. It stpped dreaming.
C. It acted ut its dream.D. It culdn't mve its bdy.
10. Hw is the text mainly develped?
A. By telling striesB. By giving examples.
C. By cmparing detailsD. By listing differences.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. D Dgs Dream?B. Why D Dgs Dream?
C. Signs f Dg DreamsD. Similarities Between Humans and Dgs
【答案】8. B9. C10. C11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。许多人觉得梦是人类独有的。然而许多养狗人注意到狗在睡眠时会摇晃腿、打鼾、有时会低声吼叫，因此他们认为狗在做梦。科学家通过实验发现狗可能会做梦，但也无法证明这一点，因为狗无法像人类那样描述自己的梦。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Scientists cnfirm that dgs prbably d dream.”可知，科学家证实狗可能会做梦。下文的研究结果是在解释为什么狗有可能像人一样做梦。由本段最后一句“Scientists have ther data that back up these findings.”可知，科学家有其他数据支持这些研究结果。因此本段首尾两句相扣，back up与cnfirm同义，意为“证明，证实”。A. disagree不同意；B. supprt支持。C. recrd记录；D. shw展示。因此，通过对cnfirm的理解，选择supprt合适，即有数据支持这些研究成果。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In ne study during which this chemical was blcked, sleeping test dgs perfrmed physical activities, such as standing up, sniffing arund the rm fr imaginary rabbits, r chasing imaginary balls.”可知，在一项研究中阻断这种化学物质的产生，结果是参与睡眠测试的狗开始进行身体活动，例如站起来，在房间里嗅想象中的兔子，或者追逐想象中的球。即当该种化学物质被抑制后，睡着的狗开始将梦中的活动付诸于实施。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It turns ut that dg brains and human brains have many similarities during sleep cycles.”和第三段中的“Dg brains make the same chemical.”可知，狗的大脑和人的大脑在睡眠时发生的活动有许多相似之处，狗的大脑和人的大脑产生同样的化学物质。因此本文主要是通过“比较”的方法来写作的。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段 “Many peple feel that dream is unique t humans. Hwever, many dg wners will likely disagree n that. They have nticed that their dgs at varius times during the sleep may shake legs, snrt and smetimes grwl which gives the impressin that they are dreaming. These things may wnder us abut whether dgs dream.”可知，许多人觉得梦是人类独有的。然而，许多养狗人可能会在这一点上意见不一。他们注意到，他们的狗在睡眠中的不同时间可能会摇晃腿、打鼾，有时会低声吼叫，这给人一种他们在做梦的印象。这些事情可能会让我们怀疑狗是否会做梦。由下文“Scientists cnfirm that dgs prbably d dream.”可知，文章就狗是否会做梦展开论述。根据文章最后“S there is reasn t believe that dgs dream abut the things they’ve dne that day. Of curse, there will never be a way t prve this. Dgs cannt describe their dreams the way that humans can.”可知，有理由相信狗梦见了他们当天所做的事情。当然，永远不会有办法证明这一点。狗无法像人类那样描述自己的梦。因此用问句“狗是否能做梦？”来总结文章主要内容是合适的，即它是文章的最佳标题。故选A。
D
Muntaineers have nted that as they climb, fr example, up t the 12,633 ft Humphreys Peak in Arizna, plant life changes greatly. In the Snran Desert, ne climbs int a pine frest at 7,000 feet and a treeless tundra (冻土带) n the tp f the muntain. It may seem that plants at a given altitude are assciated in what can be called “cmmunities” — grupings f species. The idea is that ver time, plants that require particular climate and sil cnditins cme t live in the same places, and are frequently t be fund tgether. Scientists study the histry f plant life and build up a picture f hw grups f plants have respnded t climate changes and hw ecsystems develp. But are these assciatins, which are real in the present, permanent?
A great natural experiment tk place n this planet between 25,000 and 10,000 years ag, when small changes in the earth’s rbit caused great sheets f ice t spread frm ples. These glaciers (冰川) cvered much f Nrth America and Eurpe t depths f up t tw miles, and then, as the climate warmed, they retreated. During this retreat, they left behind newly uncvered land fr living things t ccupy, and as thse living things mved in they laid dwn a recrd we can read nw. As the ice retreated and plants started t grw near a lake, they release pllen (花粉). Sme wuld fall int the lake, sink t the bttm and mix with the sand. By drilling int the lake bttm it is pssible t read the recrd f the plant life arund the lake. The fssil recrd seems clear; there is little r n evidence that entire grups f plants mved nrth tgether. Things that lived tgether in the past dn’t live tgether nw, and things that live tgether nw didn’t live tgether in the past. Each individual living things mved at its wn pace. The fssil recrd seems t be telling us that we shuld be thinking abut preserving species by giving them rm t mve abut — t respnd t envirnmental changes.
12. Accrding t the passage, the mvement f individual species f plants ________.
A. ccurs in grups
B. ften depends upn the frmatin f lakes
C. des nt ccur in grups
D. depends upn climate and sil cnditins
13. All f the fllwing are true EXCEPT ________.
A. The ice age ccurred when there were small changes in the rbit f the earth
B. fssil recrds seem t indicate that plants will be preserved if they have enugh rm t mve
C. fssil recrds clearly shw that entire grups f plants are unlikely t have mved tgether
D. in the ice age glaciers cvered the wrld t depths f up t tw miles
14. The underlined wrd “which” refers t ________.
A. the respnses f plants t climate changes
B. the current theries f ecsystems
C. the develpment f ecsystems
D. plant life changes
15. The secnd paragraph is intended t ________.
A. supprt the main idea f the first paragraph
B. answer the questin raised in first paragraph
C. make suggestins abut respnding t envirnmental changes
D. stress the imprtance f preserving species
【答案】12. C13. D14. A15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探究了山体植物如何对气候变化做出回应并形成独有的生态体系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The fssil recrd seems clear; there is little r n evidence that entire grups f plants mved nrth tgether. Things that lived tgether in the past dn’t live tgether nw, and things that live tgether nw didn’t live tgether in the past. Each individual living things mved at its wn pace.(化石记录似乎很清楚；很少或根本没有证据表明整个植物群一起向北迁移。过去生活在一起的东西现在不会生活在一起，现在生活在一起的东西过去也不会生活在一起。每个物种都以自己的节奏移动)”可知，每个物种都以自己的节奏迁移，单个植物物种的迁移不会发生在群体中。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“These glaciers (冰川) cvered much f Nrth America and Eurpe t depths f up t tw miles, and then, as the climate warmed, they retreated.(这些冰川覆盖了北美和欧洲的大部分地区深达两英里，然后，随着气候变暖，它们退缩了)”可知，D项中的“cvered the wrld”错误。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。分析句子可知，划线词是定语从句中关系代词，指代先行词these assciatins，再根据指代关系和前文“It may seem that plants at a given altitude are assciated in what can be called “cmmunities” — grupings f species. The idea is that ver time, plants that require particular climate and sil cnditins cme t live in the same places, and are frequently t be fund tgether. Scientists study the histry f plant life and build up a picture f hw grups f plants have respnded t climate changes and hw ecsystems develp.(在特定海拔高度上的植物似乎是在所谓的“群落”中相联系的——物种的群体。他们的想法是，随着时间的推移，需要特定气候和土壤条件的植物会在相同的地方生活，而且经常会一起被发现。科学家们研究植物生命的历史，并建立起一幅关于植物群如何应对气候变化以及生态系统如何发展的图画)”可知，these assciatins指的是前文中“植物对气候变化所做出的反应”，所以which也指代的是同样的内容。故选A项。
15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后提出的问题“But are these assciatins, which are real in the present, permanent?(但是，这些当下真实存在的联系是永久的吗?)” 可推知，第二段的内容应该是对第一段提出的问题的探究与回复。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Trying t find the perfect present is abut as easy as trying t read smene’s mind. ____16____ S what t d? Here are sme tips that culd help.
Start early
____17____ While yu are definitely nt alne in this ritual(习惯), it is smething yu might want t try t change. Starting yur shpping early can have a number f advantages, particularly when stcking up fr hlidays such as Christmas. If yu plan in advance rather than last minute yu can g shpping nline which increases yur gift buying pssibilities as yu’ll have time t factr in the delivery f the gift.
Make a list, check it twice
Nw is the time t put yur thinking cap n as yu make a list. If yu are lucky, yu shuld be able t find a few gd ideas in ne f these lists. Hwever, what if this list isn’t as helpful as yu might have hped? In this instance, write dwn different persnality traits f the persn yu are shpping fr. ____18____
____19____
If yu are still cming up empty, it is time t get creative. Often, the reasn yu get stuck fr gift ideas is because yu are restricting yurself t much. An example f being creative is t think abut what yur friend’s ffice lks like. This can give yu lts f ideas t give him a gift fr his wrkspace. In the end, it’s abut finding smething he can use every day.
Gift an experience
If a regular ld present isn’t ding the trick, it may be time t think a little bigger. Instead f a physical gift, yu can give smene an experience that they will never frget. Yu may be wndering what an “experience” means exactly. ____20____ If they are an adventurer, a lcal r freign trip will be excellent. On the ther hand, if they are a sprts enthusiast, yu can buy them tickets t a significant game.
A. Think befre yu leap.
B. Think utside the bx.
C. Well, it can be anything that will interest the receiver.
D. Yu may find smething yur friend can really appreciate.
E. D yu wait until the last minute t start lking fr presents?
F. Few peple will actually tell yu what they want fr a special ccasin.
G. Then try t determine hw t use this infrmatin t find a gift that is perfectly suited t them.
【答案】16. F17. E18. G19. B20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要提供了找到完美礼物的四条建议。
【16题详解】
上文“Trying t find the perfect present is abut as easy as trying t read smene’s mind.”(想要找到完美的礼物就像想读懂他人心思一样简单。)引出了找到完美礼物这个话题。F项就这个话题提出“实际上很少人会告诉你他们在特殊场合中想要什么礼物”，从而引出下文关于怎么找到完美礼物的设问：“S what t d? Here are sme tips that culd help.”(那么该做些什么呢？这儿有一些有用的小技巧。)，故选F项。
【17题详解】
下文“While yu are definitely nt alne in this ritual(习惯), it is smething yu might want t try t change.”(肯定不只你一人有这种习惯，不过，或许这是你想要努力改变的习惯。)提到“this ritual”，由此推知设空处提出了某种习惯，而且这与礼物相关，为下文“this ritual”所指代。E项“D yu wait until the last minute t start lking fr presents?”(你会等到最后一刻才开始找礼物吗？)符合，指出找礼物拖延的习惯，与下文一致，符合题意。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“In this instance, write dwn different persnality traits f the persn yu are shpping fr.”(这种情况下，写下你想要送礼物的人的不同性格特点。)讲的是这种情况下利用列清单方法找礼物的第一步，而G项“Then”承接上文，提出了下一步，“Then try t determine hw t use this infrmatin t find a gift that is perfectly suited t them.(然后试着决定如何利用这些信息，找到最适合他们的礼物。)”，符合题意。故选G项。
【19题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处是作者提出的第三条建议，第四段是对该建议的具体阐述。第四段的第一句“If yu are still cming up empty, it is time t get creative.”(如果你仍然想不出来，你就得发挥一下创意了。)是该段的中心句，表达的是想要找到完美礼物就得发挥创意。所以B项“Think utside the bx.”(跳出固有思维。)符合题意。故选B项。
【20题详解】
上文“Yu may be wndering what an “experience” means exactly.”(或许你想知道“经历”确切的含义。)引出experience的意思，C项的“Well, it can be anything that will interest the receiver.(它可以是任何能引起接收者兴趣的东西。)”解释了什么是experience，下文则给出了相应的两个例子：“If they are an adventurer, a lcal r freign trip will be excellent. On the ther hand, if they are a sprts enthusiast, yu can buy them tickets t a significant game.”(如果他们是冒险家，一次本地旅行或国外旅行会很不错。另一方面，如果他们是体育爱好者，你可以给他们买重要赛事的票。)，所以C项承上启下，故选C项。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There are all kinds f enemies, and ne f the arts f living is t learn t tell them apart. There is a kind f enemy wh ____21____ meant t be an enemy at all. He’s nt mad at yu; he’s mad at the wrld, and yu are wandering arund n his lnely battlefield and ____22____ lines f fire.
Let me tell yu abut ne f them. Years ag, I ____23____ my tw girls frm Suth America and put them in schl. They talked a ____24____ language that was neither English nr Spanish, and their ____25____ gave them a hard time, especially Llla.
Pat and Peggy came hme ____26____ almst every day, s I decided t cheer them up by ____27____ a party. Their tears dried ____28____. Right away they gt ____29____ and ffered many ideas. Hwever, when I ____30____ which friends t invite, the tears started again. They said they had nthing but ____31____. Then I had ne f my rare ____32____. “Let’s invite all yur enemies and we’ll fill them up with ice cream and cake.” Little Pat and Peggy ____33____ knwing lks.
The party was a(n) ____34____, and the best time was had by the ____35____ enemy, Llla, wh rlled n the flr and screamed with. Pat and Peggy never came hme crying frm schl anymre.
21. A. nlyB. everC. stillD. never
22. A. jumping atB. getting intC. cmparing withD. running after
23. A. adptedB. examinedC. adredD. prevented
24. A. frmalB. beautifulC. strangeD. mdern
25. A. classmatesB. tutrsC. dctrsD. neighbrs
26. A. sleepingB. cryingC. quarrelingD. playing
27. A. attendingB. requiringC. thrwingD. supprting
28. A. magicallyB. hardlyC. frequentlyD. casually
29. A. prettyB. gratefulC. cautiusD. creative
30. A. recalledB. mentinedC. recmmendedD. cntrlled
31. A. guestsB. thughtsC. enemiesD. thanks
32. A. illnessesB. inspiratinsC. excusesD. pprtunities
33. A. exchangedB. cmbinedC. discveredD. imprved
34. A. explanatinB. businessC. attemptD. success
35. A. furthestB. slwestC. biggestD. newest
【答案】21. D22. B23. A24. C25. A26. B27. C28. A29. D30. B31. C32. B33. A34. D35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何让女孩和同学们化敌为友，这其中的经历更是让他受益良多。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一种敌人根本就不想成为你的敌人。A. nly仅仅；B. ever曾经；C. still依旧；D. never从不。分析句意再根据下文的at all可知，该句为否定句。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：他对这个世界很生气，而你在他孤独的战场上徘徊，从而卷入战火。A. jumping at跃向；B. getting int陷入；C. cmparing with与……相比；D. running after追逐。根据下文的lines f fire可知，此处指卷入战火，即“陷入”战火。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我从南美收养了我的两个女儿，并让她们上学。A. adpted收养、采纳；B. examined检查；C. adred喜爱；D. prevented阻止。根据下文“frm Suth America and put them in schl”和“language that was neither English nr Spanish”可知，此处指从南美收养了两个女儿。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们说着一种奇怪的语言，既不是英语也不是西班牙语，同学们对她们很不友好，尤其是罗拉。A. frmal正式的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. strange奇怪的；D. mdern现代的。根据下文“language that was neither English nr Spanish”可知，此处指她们说着一种奇怪的语言。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. classmates同学；B. tutrs导师；C. dctrs医生；D. neighbrs邻居。根据上文“put them in schl”可知，此处指她们的同学们不友好。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：帕特和佩吉几乎每天都哭着回家，所以我决定举办一个聚会让她们高兴起来。A. sleeping睡觉；B. crying哭喊；C. quarreling争吵；D. playing玩耍。根据下文的tears可知，此处指每天“哭着”回家。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. attending参加；B. requiring要求；C. thrwing扔；D. supprting支持。根据上文“I decided t cheer them up”可知，此处用固定短语thrw a party表示“举办聚会”符合语境。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们的眼泪神奇地干了。A. magically神奇地；B. hardly几乎不；C. frequently频繁地；D. casually随意地。根据上文第6题和第7题可知，之前是每天哭着回家，当作者要举办聚会时就不哭了，此处凸显心情变化之快，所以此处指眼泪是“神奇地”干了。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们马上就有了创意，提出了许多想法。A. pretty漂亮的；B. grateful感激的；C. cautius小心的；D. creative有创意的、有创造力的。根据下文“ffered many ideas”可知，她们是“有创意的”。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我提到邀请哪些朋友时，眼泪又开始了。A. recalled回想起；B. mentined提到；C. recmmended推荐；D. cntrlled控制。根据下文invite可知，此处指当“提到”邀请朋友时。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说他们只有敌人。A. guests客人；B. thughts想法；C. enemies敌人；D. thanks感谢。根据下文“Let’s invite all yur enemies”可知，作者提出邀请她们所有的敌人参加派对，所以此处两个女孩所说的是没有朋友只有“敌人”。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我有了一个难得的灵感。A. illnesses疾病；B. inspiratins灵感；C. excuses借口；D. pprtunities机会。根据下文“Let’s invite all yur enemies and we’ll fill them up with ice cream and cake.”可知，这个想法很独特，是作者突发奇想的“灵感”。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我们邀请你所有的敌人，用冰淇淋和蛋糕填满他们。”小帕特和佩吉会意地交换了一下眼色。A. exchanged交换；B. cmbined结合；C. discvered发现；D. imprved改善。根据下文knwing lks可知，此处描写了两个女孩的心理活动，对于作者的突发奇想她们一定很吃惊，所以互看了对方，即“交换了”眼神。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：聚会很成功，最大的敌人萝拉玩得最开心，她在地板上打滚，尖叫着。A. explanatin解释；B. business生意；C. attempt尝试；D. success成功。根据下文“Pat and Peggy never came hme crying frm schl anymre.”可知，两个女孩再也不哭着回家，证明这次聚会很“成功”。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. furthest最远的；B. slwest最慢的；C. biggest最大的；D. newest最新的。根据上文第5题可知，同学们对两个女孩都不友好，尤其是罗拉，因此罗拉应该是她们“最大的”敌人。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Speakers ften use the wrd "even" t shw disappintment r surprise. Imagine a yung child ____36____expects a phne call frm a family member — perhaps an uncle ____37____a grandparent. The phne call never cmes. The child might say the fllwing: "What ____38____(be) wrng with him? He didn't even call me n Christmas day." "Even" means that the child thught ____39____(real) was ging against their expectatins.
Here, the child is disappinted. He r she culd have expressed the same idea in a much ____40____(lng) statement, such as: "I was expecting him t call n Christmas Day, but I didn't hear ____41____him. Why didn't he give me a call?"
"Even" stresses the ____42____(child) dissatisfactin because it emphasizes that the family member did nt try t call.
"Even" des nt always have a sad meaning. It can have a happy meaning t. Imagine a man ____43____(name) Ted. Ted isn't a ____44____ (care) man. He always frgets t send letters t his parents. Ted's parents might have the fllwing talk after they get a Christmas letter frm him. "Did yu see Ted's letter?" "Yeah, he even sent us a gift!" Here, the wrd "even" shws a pleasant surprise. Ted’s mther did nt expect a gift frm him. By ______45______(say) "he even sent us a gift" , she is suggesting that Ted has gne beynd her expectatins.
【答案】36. that/wh
37. r38. is
39. reality
40. lnger41. frm
42. child's
43. named44. careful
45. saying
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语单词“even”表示失望或惊讶的用法。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：想象一下，一个小孩正等着家人的电话——可能是叔叔或爷爷奶奶。空处引导定语从句，先行词child，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/wh引导。故填that或wh。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意同上。根据句中的“a family member”可知，此处指叔叔/舅舅中的一位或者（外）祖父母中的一位。需用连词r连接。故填r。
38题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：孩子可能会说：“他怎么了？”此处句子主语是疑问词What，谓语动词用be的单数形式，表示说话时的状态，使用一般现在时。故填is。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：“甚至”意味着孩子认为现实与他们的期望相悖。此处用名词形式reality作宾语从句的主语。故填reality。
【40题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：他或她可以用更长的声明来表达同样的想法，例如：“我期待他在圣诞节打电话给我，但我没有收到他的消息。” 根据空前的“much”可知，此处用lng的比较级lnger。故填lnger。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意同上。hear frm sb.是固定短语，意思是“收到某人的信或得到某人的消息”。故填frm。
【42题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：“甚至”强调的是孩子的不满，因为它强调的是家庭成员没有试图打电话。child's相当于物主代词，用作定语，修饰名词dissatisfactin。故填child’s。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：想象一个叫泰德的人。已有谓语动词imagine，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词man，name和man为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词作定语。故填named。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：泰德不是一个细心的人。此处用形容词careful作定语，修饰名词man。故填careful。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她说“他甚至给我们送了礼物”，意思是泰德的表现超出了她的预期。此处saying是动词-ing形式，用作介词by的宾语。故填saying。
第三节用所给词的适当形式填空(共10小题;每小1分，满分10分)
46. Eric received many hnrs and much applause and yet he ften cnsiders himself as a ________ (fail).（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】failure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：埃里克获得了许多荣誉和掌声，但他经常认为自己是一个失败者。由空前a冠词可知，此处为名词failure的填入，a failure表示“一个失败的人或者一件失败的事”为可数名词。故填failure。
47. The prject lks at hw we culd be mre ________ (effect) in encuraging students t live a lw-carbn life. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】effective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：该项目着眼于我们应该怎样才能在鼓励学生过低碳生活方面更有效。分析句子结构，空处在hw引导的从句中作表语，应用形容词effective，与空前的mre构成形容词的比较级，表示“更有效的”。故填effective。
48. Everyne shuld be aware f their wn ________ (strng) and weaknesses. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】strengths
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都应该意识到他们自己的优势和劣势。空处与名词weaknesses并列，应用名词strength，表示“优势”，使用复数形式表示泛指，作介词f的宾语。故填strengths。
49. It is necessary t respect children’s ________ (individual) prperly in their educatin. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】individualities
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在教育中适当尊重孩子的个性是必要的。名词所有格children’s后接名词形式。名词individuality为可数名词，由children’s可知，应用复数形式。故填individualities。
50. In ________ (add) t awards themselves, there are als perfrmances by famus artists at the ceremny. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】additin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：除了奖本身，还有典礼上著名艺术家的表演。结合语意，空处应用名词additin，作介词in的宾语，构成短语in additin t，表示“除了”。故填additin。
51. He had wrked ________ (energetic) all day n his new bk.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】energetically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他整天精力充沛地写他的新书。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词energetically修饰动词wrked。故填energetically。
52. The engineers have made great c________ t the design f the Chang’e III spaceship. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】cntributins##ntributins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：工程师们为嫦娥三号宇宙飞船的设计做出了巨大贡献。make great cntributins t sth.为固定短语，表示“对某事做出巨大贡献”，所以空处应用复数名词cntributins 作动词make的宾语。故填cntributins。
53. Jennifer thught that s________ meals wuld be a simple way t reach her target weight. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】skipping##kipping
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：詹妮弗认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的一个简单方法。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词skip，此处作主语，应用动名词。故填skipping。
54. There are strng ________(争论) fr and against building the subway in Wuxi.（根据汉语意思单词拼写）
【答案】arguments
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对于无锡修建地铁，赞成和反对的争论很大。根据汉语意思“争论”可推出是名词argument，争论，且根据上文are可知用可数名词复数。故填arguments。
55. What the manager is seeking is a ________ (职业的) bilgy guide. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】prfessinal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：经理正在寻找的是一名专业的生物学向导。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写形容词作定语，根据汉语提示，prfessinal为形容词，意为“职业的”，符合句意。故填prfessinal。
第四节根据要求翻译句子(共5题;每小题2分，满分10分)
56. 从医生脸上的笑容判断，这次手术是成功的。(judge frm) （汉译英）
【答案】Judging frm the smile n the dctr’s face, the peratin was a success.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，主语“这次手术”译为the peratin，主语是单数，be动词使用was，后接表语“成功”a success，“从……判断”使用短语judge frm，judging frm用作独立结构，不用考虑与主语逻辑关系的一致性，置于句首，首字母大写，“医生脸上的笑容”译为the smile n the dctr’s face，作介词frm的宾语。故翻译为Judging frm the smile n the dctr’s face, the peratin was a success.
57. 政府已采取措施进一步改善无锡的交通。(measure) （汉译英）
【答案】The gvernment has taken measures t imprve the traffic in Wuxi.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和动词短语。句子表示过去的动作对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，主语“政府”译为the gvernment，“采取措施”使用短语take measures t d sth.，主语是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，即has taken，“改善”译为imprve，“无锡的交通”译为the traffic in Wuxi，作动词imprve的宾语。故翻译为The gvernment has taken measures t imprve the traffic in Wuxi.
58. 友谊就像花朵，需要精心呵护。（定语从句）（汉译英）
【答案】Friendship is like a flwer which needs t be taken gd care f.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。表示“友谊”应该用friendship，表示“像一朵花”应该用介词短语like a flwer。“需要精心呵护”处理为修饰名词flwer的定语从句，“需要做某事”表达为need t d sth.，“精心呵护”表达为take gd care f，从句缺少主语，可用which引导 。故翻译为Friendship is like a flwer which needs t be taken gd care f.
59. 家长们担心电脑游戏对其孩子行为的影响。(cncerned，effect) （汉译英）
【答案】Parents are cncerned abut effects that cmputer games have n their children’s behaviurs.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句子描述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时，主语“家长们”译为parents，使用复数形式表示泛指，“担心”译为be cncerned abut，主语是复数，be动词使用are，“影响”译为effect，用复数形式作介词abut的宾语，“电脑游戏对其孩子行为的”使用定语从句结构修饰名词effects，从句主语“电脑游戏”译为cmputer games，使用复数形式表示泛指，have effects n表示“对……有影响”，其中effects作为先行词，使用关系代词that引导从句，在从句中作宾语，从句谓语使用have，“其孩子行为”译为their children’s behavirs，作介词n的宾语。故翻译为Parents are cncerned abut effects that cmputer games have n their children’s behaviurs.
60. 他辜负了父母的期望。(live up t）（汉译英）
【答案】He didn’t live up t his parents’ expectatin.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。 live up t ne’s expectatin不辜负某人的期望。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语是he，表示否定用助动词didn't，宾语“父母的期望”是his parents’ expectatin。根据句意，故翻译为He didn’t live up t his parents’ expectatin.
第四部分写作(满分20分)
61. 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Jim来信告诉你，在新学期他要来中国当交换生，想让你给他一些建议，帮助他尽快适应中国的高中学习。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括如下：
1. 收信的感受；
2. 学习方面的建议（课堂、课后）；
要求：字数80词左右。
注意不要逐句翻译，可以增加适当细节，令行文连贯。
交换生 exchange student
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m delighted t receive yur letter. Wanting yu t adapt t the new life here as fast as pssible, I have sme advice.
Firstly, it’s crucial t pay full attentin t what teachers say and take ntes in time. Secndly, yu may find it difficult t understand Chinese as an exchange student, but feel free t ask yur teachers and classmates fr help after class. What’s mre, make friends with them, which will make yur life here easier.
I hpe my suggestins wrk and I am lking frward t seeing yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim回复一封电子邮件，表达自己收到来信时的感受，并给出建议，帮助他作为一名美国交换生能够尽快适应中国的高中学习生活。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted → pleased
收到：receive → get/btain
重要的：crucial → imprtant/essential/significant/ntable
另外：What’s mre → In additin/Besides/Additinally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Secndly, yu may find it difficult t understand Chinese as an exchange student, but feel free t ask yur teachers and classmates fr help after class.
拓展句：Secndly, feel free t ask yur teachers and classmates fr help after class when yu find it difficult t understand Chinese as an exchange student.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Wanting yu t adapt t the new life here as fast as pssible, I have sme advice. (运用了现在分词结构做状语)
【高分句型2】What’s mre, make friends with them, which will make yur life here easier. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力答案：1-5. ABCBA 6-10. BCACA 11-15. ACBCA 16-20.CBCAB