新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一5-阅读之词义猜测题（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一5-阅读之词义猜测题（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题15-阅读之词义猜测题原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题15-阅读之词义猜测题解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
【命题趋势】
词义猜测题型是高考中必考题型，每年考察1-2题。所以词义猜测题型也是考生需要复习的考点。词义猜测，即阅读中的完形填空。可以通过前后句子中的关键词寻找相对应的词。只要找到方法，拿下词义猜测轻而易举。当然，着需要我们掌握足够的词汇量才能游刃有余！
【重要考向】
一、了解词义猜测题型的基本设题方式和基本提示词；
二、掌握词义猜测解题技巧；
考向一
识别词义猜测题
【典例】
【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇】
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
29. What des the underlined wrd “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire.B. Exprt.
C. Destry.D. Distribute.
【词义猜测题型提分秘籍】
了解词义猜测题型的基本设题方式
(1) 代词类猜词题
The underlined wrd "them" in Paragraph 2 refers t_______.
The underlined wrd “it" in Para. 4 refers t _______.
(2) 其他类猜测题
What des the wrd X (in Paragraph X) mean?
What des the underlined wrd X mean?
What can we learn frm the underlined sentence?
The underlined wrd X prbably means _______.
考向二
词义猜测题解题方法
【典例】
【2021年全国乙卷阅读理解C篇】
Still, 55 percent f Australians have a landline phne at hme and nly just ver a quarter （29%） rely nly n their smartphnes accrding t a survey （调查）. Of thse Australians wh still have a landline, a third cncede that it’s nt really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case f emergencies. I think my hme falls int that categry.
25. What des the underlined wrd “cncede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit.B. Argue.
C. Remember.D. Remark.
【词义猜测题提分秘籍】
1. 代词类猜词题做题方法
第一步：优先看划线句
第二步：前指向性
第三步：代词单复数线索
2. 其他类猜词题做题方法
根据构词法：通过转化、合成、词根词缀等
词根词缀
常见前缀：
前缀作用：通常前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性
常见后缀：
后缀作用：通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性
(3) 因果法 —— 根据因果关系
常见表示因果的词汇：because, fr, as, since, fr the reasn that, cnsidering that
(4) 并列法 —— 根据并列顺承关系
常见的并列词：and, as well as, nt nly…but als…, tgether/alng with, when/while
(5) 转折法 ——根据转折关系
常见表示转折的词汇：while, nt, but, hwever, yet, therwise, thugh, despite, in spite f , in cntrast, instead f, rather than
1.【2021年浙江卷1月阅读理解C篇】
“The vagueness f the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little t cmmunicate, r we are still missing a lt f the infrmatin cntained in their gestures and actins,” she said. “Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animals cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatin. S, it seems the gulf remains.”
29. What des the underlined wrd “gulf” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Difference.B. Cnflict.
C. Balance. D. Cnnectin.
2.【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解C篇】
Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center f British skatebarding, where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing .I lved it. I sn made friends with the lcal skaters. We spke ur wn language. And my favrite: Safe. Safe meant cl. It meant hell. It meant dn't wrry abut it. Once, when trying a certain trick n the beam（横杆）, I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Tby came ver, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their bards lud, shuting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a gd skater.
9. What d the underlined wrds “Safe! Safe! Safe!” prbably mean?
A. Be careful!B. Well dne!C. N way!D. Dn't wrry!
3.【2021年6月浙江卷阅读理解A篇】
In the past few years, an increasing number f peple and rganisatins have begun cming up with plans t cunter this trend. A cuple f years ag, film-maker David Bnd realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached t screens t the pint where he was able t say "chclate" int his three-year-ld sn's ear withut getting a respnse. He realised that smething needed t change, and, being a Lndn media type, appinted himself "marketing directr fr Nature". He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marketed t yung peple. The result was Prject Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth f the Wild Netwrk a grup f rganisatins with the cmmn gal f getting children ut int nature.
26. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd "charts" in paragraph 2
A. recrds B. predicts C. delays D. cnfirms
4.【2021天津卷3月阅读理解B篇】
The pignancy f Jrdan retiring frm his belved basketball t play baseball and what had pushed him t make such a tugh decisin tk me by surprise. As I watched him take ff his basketball unifrm and replace it with a baseball unifrm, I saw him leaving behind the layer that n lnger served him, just as ur lizard had. Neither f them chse the mment that had transfrmed them. But they had t live with wh they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have t learn t leave the past behind.
43. The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understd as .
A. letting g f the pastB. lking fr a new jb
C. getting rid f a bad habitD. giving up an pprtunity
5.【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】
While I tend t buy a lt f bks, these three were given t me as gifts, which might add t the meaning I attach t them. But I imagine that, while mney is indeed wnderful and necessary, rereading an authr’s wrk is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best bks are the nes that pen further as time passes. But remember, it’s yu that has t grw and read and reread in rder t better understand yur friends.
26. What des the underlined wrd ＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. Debt.B. Reward.C. Allwance.D. Face value.
6. 【2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇】
Nutria were brught there frm Argentina by fur farmers and let g int the wild. “The ecsystem dwn there can’t handle this nn-native species（物种）.It’s destrying the envirnment. It’s them r us." says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria check fr decades，but when the market fr nutria cllapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
30. What des the underlined wrd “cllapsed” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A. Bmed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable. D. Crashed.
7. 【2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇】
As I grew lder and became a mther, the library tk n a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and bks were ur main surce(来源) f entertainment. It was a big deal fr us t lad up and g t the lcal library, where my kids culd pick ut bks t read r bks they wanted me t read t them.
33. What des the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Pleasure frm wrking in the library.
B. Jy f reading passed n in the family.
C. Wnderment frm acting ut the stries.
D. A clser bnd develped with the readers.
8. 【2020全国卷III阅读理解B篇】
Yet "Apes" is mre exceptin than the rule. In fact, Hllywd has been ht n live animals lately. One nnprfit rganizatin, which mnitrs the treatment r animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs n mre than 2,000 prductins this year. Already, a number f films, including "Water fr Elephants," "The Hangver Part Ⅱ" and "Zkeeper," have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated prperly.
26. What des the underlined phrase "keeping tabs n" in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Listing cmpletely.B. Directing prfessinally.
C. Prmting successfully.D. Watching carefully.
9. 【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解C篇】
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
9. What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t? （ ）
A. Develping a serius mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C. Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
10. 【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解D篇】
Accrding t a recent study in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research, bth the size and cnsumptin habits f ur eating cmpanins can influence ur fd intake. And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins（份）, it's the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.
13. What des the underlined wrd "beanples" in paragraph 1 refer t? （ ）
A. Big eaters. B. Overweight persns.
C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persns.
11.【2019全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】
But he’s nervus.＂I’m here t tell yu tday why yu shuld … shuld…＂Chris trips n the＂-ld,＂a prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn-native English speakers. His teacher, Thmas Whaley, is next t him, whispering supprt.＂…Vte fr …me …＂Except fr sme stumbles, Chris is ding amazingly well. When he brings his speech t a nice cnclusin, Whaley invites the rest f the class t praise him.
25. What des the underlined wrd ＂stumbles＂ in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Imprper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jkes.
12.【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B篇】
I guess that there's prbably sme demanding wrk schedule, r scial anxiety arund stepping up t help fr an unknwn sprt. She may just need a little persuading. S I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren’t even n… At this pint the unwilling parent speaks up, "Alright. Yes, I’ll d it."
25. What des the underlined phrase "tug at the heartstrings" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Encurage team wrk.B. Appeal t feelings.
C. Prmte gd deeds.D. Prvide advice.
13.【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解B篇】
"China is impssible t verlk," says Hill. "Chinese mdels are the faces f beauty and fashin campaigns that sell dreams t wmen all ver the wrld, which means Chinese wmen are nt just cnsumers f fashin — they are central t its mvement. "Of curse, nly are tday's tp Western designers being influenced by China — sme f the best designers f cntemprary fashin are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jasn Wu are taking n Galian, Albaz, Marc Jacbs-and beating them hands dwn in design and sales," adds Hill.
26.What d the underlined wrds"taking n" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning frmB. lking dwn n C. wrking withD. cmpeting against
14.【2019天津卷阅读理解D篇】
The bk turns ut t be ne that has appealed t the wrld fr mre than 350 years. That frmer prisner was Cervantes, and the bk was Dn Quixte（《堂吉诃德》）. And the stry pses an interesting questin: why d sme peple discver new vitality and creativity t the end f their days, while thers g t seed lng befre?
We’ve all knwn peple wh run ut f steam befre they reach life’s halfway mark. I’m nt talking abut thse wh fail t get t the tp. We can’t all get there. I’m talking abut peple wh have stpped learning n grwing because they have adpted the fixed attitudes and pinins that all t ften cme with passing years.
52. What des the underlined part in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. End ne’s struggle fr liberty.
B. Waste ne’s energy taking risks.
C. Miss the pprtunity t succeed.
D. Lse the interest t cntinue learning.
1.【广东省广州市2021届高三一模】
Nearly tw hundred years later, Leeuwenhek's discvery f micrbes helped French chemist and bilgist Luis Pasteur t develp his “thery f disease”. This cncept suggested that disease riginates frm tiny rganisms attacking and weakening the bdy. Pasteur’s thery later helped dctrs t fight infectius diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, pli, smallpx, tetanus, and typhid. All these breakthrughs were the result f Leeuwenhek's riginal wrk. Leeuwenhek did nt fresee this legacy.
5．The underlined phrase “this legacy” in paragraph 3 refers t_______.
A．the discvery f micrbes.B．Pasteur's thery f disease.
C．Leeuwenhek's cntributin.D．the rigin f the tiny rganism.
2.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】
By the time I arrived, the sailing club had grwn. At weekends, we wuld wrk n her all day, cleaning and painting her, and cllapse int sleeping bags n the flr at night. Then came the big day when a schl sailing trip was annunced. Its destinatin was Saint-Mal. But it als meant that we had t refit the ship by remving every piece f ballast(压舱物)and replacing the bilge water(底舱污水)befre we were allwed t sail.
And I did learn the rpes n that schl trip. I learned hw t perate a ship in the high waves. I learned the meaning f teamwrk and became a better team player. I als learned that the best fish is the ne that yu have caught and cked yurself frm a bat that yu have rebuilt and sailed yurself.
7．What des the underlined phrase “learn the rpes” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Learn t ck.
B．Master useful skills.
C．Ensure sailing safety.
D．Use rpes prperly.
3.【广东湛江一中2021届高三模拟】
On achieving success:
“When yu make a chice and say, ‘Cme hell r high water, I am ging t be this,’ then yu shuld nt be surprised when yu are that. It shuld nt be smething that is intxicating r ut f character because yu have seen this mment fr s lng that ... when that mment cmes, f curse it is here because it has been here the whle time, because it has been [in yur mind] the whle time.”
On failure:
“I dn’t mean t sund cavalier when I say that, but never. It’s basketball. I’ve practiced and practiced and played s many times. There’s nthing truly t be afraid f, when yu think abut it ... Because I’ve failed befre, and I wke up the next mrning, and I’m OK. Peple say bad things abut yu in the paper n Mnday, and then n Wednesday, yu're the greatest thing since sliced bread. I’ve seen that cycle, s why wuld I be nervus abut it happening?”
5．The wrd “cavalier” in the 3rd paragraph prbably means __________.
A．nt serius r caringB．anxius and eager
C．wrried and pessimisticD．nt prud r arrgant
4.【河北省石家庄市2021届高三质检】
“This must be a simply vast wardrbe!” thught Lucy, ging still further in. Then she nticed that there was smething crunching under her feet. “Is that mre mthball?” she thught, stping dwn t feel it with her hand. But instead f feeling the hard, smth wd, she felt smething sft and pwdery and extremely cld. “This is very queer,” she said, and went n a step r tw further.
7．What des the underlined wrd “queer” mean?
A．Terrifying.B．Empty.C．Strange.D．Impressive.
5.【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】
In tw-and-a-half years, the pair still have t replenish their incmes with sme writing and editing, but the business is grwing and within five years they hpe t be helping fund half a dzen research prjects. It is a big task. “Sme days we think it wuld be great t turn it ff,” MacCallum says, “but when we see the wnder n the face f a persn wh is experiencing smewhere like the Galapags fr the first time, we knw we are living a wnderful life.”
7．The underlined wrd “replenish" in Paragraph 4 means _________.
A．cnsumeB．supplyC．reduceD．cntrl
6.【重庆市第八中学2021届高三二诊】
Prfessr Sabbatucci received hundreds f calls frm peple hping t trick him int handing them the cash. But there was ne vice he recgnized and he arranged t meet the man in a park. The rbber, a 35-year-ld unemplyed father f tw, gave back the suitcase and burst int tears. He culd nt believe what was happening. “Why didn’t yu keep the mney?” he asked. The prfessr replied, “I culdn’t because it’s nt mine.” Then he walked ff, spurning the thief’s ffer f a reward.
27．The underlined wrd “spurning” in the last sentence can be replaced by ________.
A．acceptingB．claiming
C．rejectingD．cancelling
7.【河北省张家口市2021届高三期末】
In 1985. C'harlie Burrell inherited （继承）a piece f land in West Sussex, England, which is 3.500 acres. It had been in his family fr mre than 200 years. As it was a failing farm, he and his wife. Isabella Tree, were all set t run a traditinal farm, but sn realized the csts far utweighed the prfits. The land wasn't suitable fr grwing crps anymre.
S. in 2001, the cuple decided t try smething else — an experiment in “rewilding”， r restring envirnments t their natural state. They reintrduced native species, including Tamwrth pigs, Exmr pnies, lnghrn cattle, and deer. Then they tk ut all the fences and let the animals wander freely.
In the fllwing years, the land went thrugh an incredible change. The nce neat fields were cvered with bushes, creating habitats where new plant and animal species culd grw.
Nw it's hme t many different creatures, including tw rare species f bats, nightingales, peregrine falcns, white strks, and even turtle dves, whse numbers have drpped by 98 percent in the U. K. ver the last few decades!
“We were living in a bilgical desert. Nw, eclgists are blwn away all the time by just the amunt f life here," Isabella said. "It shws the ptential that this kind f prject has fr changing trends f bidiversity decline.
What's mre, the land is nw prfitable! Charlie and Isabella ffer multiple services there, including walking turs, safaris, phtgraphy classes, and rewilding wrkshps. They als sell meat t cntrl their large animal ppulatins, and even allw visitrs t spend a night utside in the tents they set up.
What a prmising utcme! This is amazing news fr cnservatinists and shws that ur planet can be returned t its natural glry, if nly we let it. Nw, it's a beautiful reminder f hw ecsystems can be restred by letting Mther Nature take the cntrl.
8.【河北省张家口市第一中学2021届高三期中】
The end f the schl year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence f 15 years, dealing with the varius kinds f "frbidden fruit" that cme ut f bk bags. Nw was the spring f the water pistl.
I decided t think up a methd f dealing with frbidden fruit.
"Please bring that pistl t me," I said. "I'm ging t put it in my Grandma's Bx."
"What's that?" they asked.
"It's a large wden chest full f tys fr my grandchildren," I replied,
"Yu dn't have grandchildren," smene said.
"I dn't nw." I replied. "But smeday I will. When I d, my bx will be full f wnderful things fr them."
My imaginary Grandma's Bx wrked like magic that spring, and later. Smetimes. students wuld ask me t describe all the things I had in it. Then I wuld try t remember the different pssessins I suppsedly had taken away—since I seldm actually kept them. Usually the ffender wuld appear at the end f the day, and I wuld return the belnging.
25．What d the underlined wrds "the ffender" in paragraph 8 refer t?
A．The student's parent.B．The maker f the Grandma's Bx.
C．The authr's grandchild.D．The wner f the frbidden fruit.
9.【2020届8月贵州省贵阳市普通高中高三摸底】
As it turned ut, it nt nly shcked the US actress, but als brught criticism frm thse wh believed Fanning was t yung cmpared t ther veterans in the industry. But Fanning’s acting experience was in fact a gd argument fr her jury membership. In fact, Fanning has been a Hllywd fixture fr lnger than yu realize.
4. What des the underlined wrd “veterans” prbably mean?
A. shcked actressesB. green handsC experienced pepleD. music prducers
10.【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2021届高三期中】
It’s been less than a mnth since Arnld, a Texas high schl student, was frbidden frm ging t the prm and graduatin unless he cut his lcs. As his stry spread n scial media, celebrities and activists came t Arnld’s defence and encuraged him t stand up t his schl’s hair discriminatin. Nw, in a significant turn f events, he’s prudly wearing his wn hair-style at the 2020 Oscars.
Arnld and his mther were invited t attend as the guests f directr Matthew A．Cherry, wh wn the award fr Best Animated Shrt Film fr Hair Lve tnight. Fittingly, the shrt film tells the stry f a Black father learning t style his daughter’s natural hair.
Arnld tld us he culdn’t wait t walk the red carpet with the Hair Lve team. “I’m s grateful. I never expected any f this,” Arnld says. “The message f that mvie and my message g tgether s well. I think it’s really amazing hw they reached ut t me and hw we can fight this tgether.”
5．What des the underlined wrd “this” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Vilence.B．Discriminatin.C．Panic.D．Starvatin.
11.【湖南省郴州市2021届高三第二次质量检测】
While studying, I began explring Mexic, crssing the cuntry several times by bus. Nw I wrk as a phtjurnalist in Mexic and alng the brder, dcumenting desperate situatins that face everyday Mexicans. Thugh necessary and imprtant, news stries dn’t reflect the Mexic that I fell fr and that is hme t s many peple I lve. A task fcused n the cuntry’s natural beauty was a welcme reprieve fr me.
9．What can best replace the underlined wrd “reprieve” in Paragraph 2?
A．Memry.B．Idea.C．Victry.D．Relief.
12.【湖南省湖南师大附中2021届高三月考三】
Clark, a rising fifth-grader wh is Filipin-American, tld HuffPst he's been dreaming abut breaking Phelps' recrd ever since he started swimming cmpetitively at age 7."I was s mtivated,"Clark said abut his win."I was s happy that I was able t beat that recrd.”
Phelps cmpeted in his first Olympics at age 15. He went n t becme the mst decrated Olympian in histry, with 28 medals verall. “Everyne in the crwd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had just seen when we annunced the lng-standing recrd had been brken,"Cindy Rwland,Pacific Swimming's directr, wrte in an email.
5．Which f the fllwing is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd“decrated”in Paragraph 4?
A．Being ppular.
B．Being respected.
C．Being talked abut mst.
D．Being awarded medals.
13.【辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2021届高三期末】
The artists f Creative Grwth will be n view thrughut the mnth f August, cupled with musical perfrmances and film screenings rganized by L.A．Takedwn. All prceeds frm the mnth will benefit the artists and space. The mney will be used t imprve the cnditin f the studi and fr the develpment f the artists. “L.A．desn’t really have a place like Creative Grwth,” Olsn said, discussing his hpes fr the shw.
14．What des the underlined wrd “prceeds” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Activities.B．Wrk
C．PrfitsD．Arrangement
14.【辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2021届高三期末】
“I tested it at hme and just culdn’t believe the result. I sprayed it in Sienna’ s rm first and the flr was immediately silenced,” said Lanzartti. “Eight mnths later, it was still silent. It felt like a huge relief. When Tracy saw the difference fr the first time, her face just lit up. Yu can treat a cuple f rms in an hur.” he added. “It’ s a n-brainer fr any parents with nisy flrs, and it’ll be life-changing.”
7．What d the underlined wrd “a n-brainer” in the last paragraph mean?
A．A difficult decisin.B．An unusual effrt.
C．A real headache.D．An easy jb.
15.【湖北省黄冈市2021届高三调研】
I might be letting my yung sn watch t much televisin. I am certainly watching t many f his prgrams. They can really be perplexing as they frce yu t think carefully abut the mysteries f life.
Fr example, when Franklin (the turtle) wanted a pet, his parents didn’t want it t be a frg. They felt that frgs belng in a pnd. Isn’t that where turtles belng?
4．What des the underlined wrd “perplexing” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．Bring.B．Humrus.C．Cnfusing.D．Curius.
表否定
dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, nn-, un-等
表其他的
anti- (反对；抵抗), aut- (自动), c- (共同), en- (使), inter- (互相), re- (再；又), sub- (下面的；次；小), tele- (强调距离)等
表名词
-(e)r/ -r (从事某事的人)， -ment (性质；状态)，-ness (性质；状态)，-tin(动作；过程)等
表动词
-(e)n (多用于形容词之后)，-fy (使……化)，-ize (使……成为)
表副词
有-ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s) (主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)
表形容词
-al，-able (有能力的)，-(a)n(某国人的)，-en (多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern (方向的)， -ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less (表示否定)，-like (像……的)，-ly，-us，-sme，-y (表示天气)