新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一4-阅读之推理判断题（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题一4-阅读之推理判断题（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题14-阅读之推理判断题原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过专题14-阅读之推理判断题解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共60页， 欢迎下载使用。
【命题趋势】
所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息，即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。此类考题虽然没有明确的答案，但我们在理解全文的基础上可以进行推理和判断其答案。
【重要考向】
一、识别推理判断题；
二、推理判断题方法；
考向一
识别推理判断题
【典例】
【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解B篇】
Prt Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) prgramme, has welcmed the arrival f a rare black rhin calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived n January 31, she became the 40th black rhin t be brn at the reserve. And fficials at Prt Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhins are knwn fr being difficult t breed in captivity (圈养).
The adrable female calf is the secnd black rhin brn this year at the reserve, but it is t early t tell if the calves will make gd candidates t be returned t prtected areas f the wild. The first rhin t be brn at Prt Lympne arrived n January 5 t first-time mther Kisima and weighed abut 32kg. His mther, grandmther and great grandmther were all brn at the reserve and still live there.
7. What can be inferred abut Prn Lympne Reserve?
A. The rhin sectin will be pen t the public.
B. It aims t cntrl the number f the animals.
C. It will cntinue t wrk with the Wrld Wildlife Fund.
D. Sme f its rhins may be sent t the prtected wild areas.
【推理判断题识别提分秘籍】
题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，cnclude(推断，得出结论)等词语。常见的题干设题形式如下：
1．We can knw frm the passage that ________．
2. We can infer frm the (first/last) passage that ________．
3．The passage/authr implies/suggests that ______．
4．It can be cncluded frm the passage that ________．
5．The underlined sentence indicates that ________．
考向二
推理判断题解题方法
【典例】
【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解B篇】
Prt Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) prgramme, has welcmed the arrival f a rare black rhin calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived n January 31, she became the 40th black rhin t be brn at the reserve. And fficials at Prt Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhins are knwn fr being difficult t breed in captivity (圈养).
The adrable female calf is the secnd black rhin brn this year at the reserve, but it is t early t tell if the calves will make gd candidates t be returned t prtected areas f the wild. The first rhin t be brn at Prt Lympne arrived n January 5 t first-time mther Kisima and weighed abut 32kg. His mther, grandmther and great grandmther were all brn at the reserve and still live there.
4. Which f the fllwing best describes the breeding prgramme?
A. Cstly.B. Cntrversial.C. Ambitius.D. Successful.
【推理判断提分秘籍】
一、推断写作意图
推断写作意图，即要求考生根据短文内容推断作者写该文章的目的。
常见的设问形式
1．The authr's main purpse in writing the passage is t ________．
2．The passage is meant t ________．
3．The authr's purpse is t shw ________．
4．The purpse f the article is t ________．
二、 推断观点态度
推断观点态度，即要求考生推断作者对某人某事的看法或作者所持的观点
常见的设问形式
1．The authr seems t be in favr f/against ______．
2．The authr may prbably agree with/supprt ________．
3．What's the authr's pinin
4．In the authr's
说明文中作者的态度:
bjective 客观的 neutral 中立的
psitive 积极的 negative 消极的
disapprval 不赞同的 apprval 赞同的
irnic 讽刺的 critical 批判的
ptimistic 乐观的 pessimistic 悲观的
cautius 小心谨慎的 admiring 钦佩的
indifferent 漠不关心的
三、推断文章出处
推断文章出处，即通过阅读材料，感知内容，从而推断材料的来源。
常见的设问形式
1．The text is mst likely t be taken frm ________．
2．Where des the text prbably cme frm?
3．Where can we mst prbably read this text?
四、推断目标读者
推断目标读者，即要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断此篇文章主要是写给谁看的。
常见的设问形式
1．The passage is prbably written fr ________．
2．Wh is the passage written fr?
3．The text is written mainly fr ________．
解题方法
解答此类题要根据文章内容，特别是从作者使用的词语和口气来判断。
1.【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解D篇】
We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.
Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin. It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives. Emtinal intelligence, with its fcus n bth head and heart, may serve t pint us in the right directin.
33. Why des the authr mentin “dctr” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A. T explain a rule.B. T clarify a cncept.
C. T present a fact.D. T make a predictin.
34. What is the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.
C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
35. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning emtinal intelligence?
A. Its appeal t the public.B. Expectatins fr future studies.
C. Its practical applicatin.D. Scientists with new perspectives.
2.【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇】
In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry ( 迁徙的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival. Under this Act, all waterfwl hunters 16 years f age and ver must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price t ensure the survival f ur natural resurces.
Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme. Since 1934better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.
30. What is a direct result f the Act passed in 1934?
A. The stamp price has gne dwn.B. The migratry birds have flwn away.
C. The hunters have stpped hunting.D. The gvernment has cllected mney.
3.【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解 B篇】
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
4.【2021年全国乙卷阅读理解D篇】
During an interview fr ne f my bks, my interviewer said smething I still think abut ften. Annyed by the level f distractin（干扰）in his pen ffice, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the cwrking space acrss the street — s I can fcus”. His cmment struck me as strange. After all, cwrking spaces als typically use an pen ffice layut（布局）. But I recently came acrss a study that shws why his apprach wrks.
The researchers examined varius levels f nise n participants as they cmpleted tests f creative thinking. They were randmly divided int fur grups and expsed t varius nise levels in the backgrund, frm ttal silence t 50 decibels（分贝）, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between mst f the grups were statistically insignificant; hwever, the participants in the 70 decibels grup — thse expsed t a level f nise similar t backgrund chatter in a cffee shp — significantly utperfrmed the ther grups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that ur creative thinking des nt differ that much in respnse t ttal silence and 85 decibels f backgrund nise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study als suggests that the right level f backgrund nise — nt t lud and nt ttal silence — may actually imprve ne’s creative thinking ability. The right level f backgrund nise may interrupt ur nrmal patterns f thinking just enugh t allw ur imaginatins t wander, withut making it impssible t fcus. This kind f “distracted fcus” appears t be the best state fr wrking n creative tasks.
S why d s many f us hate ur pen ffices? The prblem may be that, in ur ffices, we can’t stp urselves frm getting drawn int thers’ cnversatins while we’re trying t fcus. Indeed, the researchers fund that face-t-face interactins and cnversatins affect the creative prcess, and yet a cwrking space r a cffee shp prvides a certain level f nise while als prviding freedm frm interruptins.
35. What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A. He’s a news reprter.
B. He’s an ffice manager.
C. He’s a prfessinal designer.
D. He’s a published writer.
5.【2021年全国乙卷阅读理解C篇】
Mre than half f Australian hmes are still chsing t stick with their hme phne. Age is naturally a factr（因素）— nly 58 percent f Generatin Ys still use landlines nw and then, cmpared t 84 percent f Baby Bmers wh’ve perhaps had the same hme number fr 50 years. Age isn’t the nly factr; I’d say it’s als t d with the makeup f yur husehld.
Generatin Xers with yung families, like my wife and I, can still find it cnvenient t have a hme phne rather than prviding a mbile phne fr every family member. That said, t be hnest the nly peple wh ever ring ur hme phne are ur Baby Bmers parents, t the pint where we play a game and guess wh is calling befre we pick up the phne（using Caller ID wuld take the fun ut f it）.
Hw attached are yu t yur landline? Hw lng until they g the way f gas street lamps and mrning milk deliveries?
26. What can we say abut Baby Bmers?
A. They like smartphne games.B. They enjy guessing callers’ identity.
C. They keep using landline phnes.D. They are attached t their family.
27. What can be inferred abut the landline frm the last paragraph?
A. It remains a family necessity.
B. It will fall ut f use sme day.
C. It may increase daily expenses.
D. It is as imprtant as the gas light.
6.【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解D篇】
In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are “really, really smart.” Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn't take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
12. What des the authr think f victrs' standards fr jining the genius club?
A. They're unfair.B. They're cnservative.
C. They're bjective.D. They're strict.
13. What can we infer abut girls frm the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They lk up t great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than bys.
D. They are likely t be influenced by scial beliefs
7.【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解C篇】
When I was 9, we packed up ur hme in Ls Angeles and arrived at Heathrw, Lndn n a gray January mrning. Everyne in the family settled quickly int the city except me. Withut my belved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a lss and ut f place. Until I made a discvery.
Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center f British skatebarding, where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing. I lved it. I sn made friends with the lcal skaters. We spke ur wn language. And my favrite: Safe. Safe meant cl. It meant hell. It meant dn't wrry abut it. Once, when trying a certain trick n the beam（横杆）, I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Tby came ver, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their bards lud, shuting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a gd skater.
When I was 15, my family mved t Washingtn. I tried skatebarding there, but the lcals were far less welcming. Within a cuple f years, I'd given it up.
When I returned t Lndn in 2004, I fund myself wandering dwn t Suthbank, spending hurs there. I've traveled back several times since, mst recently this past spring. The day was cld but clear: turists and Lndners stpped t watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）amng the kids wh rushed by n their bards, I fund my way t the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up t the beam. He sat next t me. He seemed nt t ntice the man next t him. But sn I caught a few f his glances. “I was a lcal here 20 years ag,” I tld him. Then, slwly, he began t nd his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8. What can we learn abut the authr sn after he mved t Lndn?
A. He felt disappinted.B. He gave up his hbby.
C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.
10. Why did the authr like t spend time in Suthbank when he returned t Lndn?
A. T jin the skatebarding.B. T make new friends.
C. T learn mre tricks.D. T relive his childhd days
8. 【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】
Returning t a bk yu’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an ld friend. There’s a welcme familiarity — but als smetimes a slight suspicin that time has changed yu bth, and thus the relatinship. But bks dn’t change, peple d. And that’s what makes the act f rereading s rich and transfrmative.
24. Why des the authr like rereading?
A. It evaluates the writer-reader relatinship.
B. It’s a windw t a whle new wrld.
C. It’s a substitute fr drinking with a friend.
D. It extends the understanding f neself.
9. 【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】
There are three bks I reread annually. The first, which I take t reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway’s A Mveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memir f 1920s Paris. The language is almst intxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer lking back n an ambitius yet simpler time. Anther is Annie Dillard’s Hly the Firm, her petic 1975 ramble (随笔) abut everything and nthing. The third bk is Juli Crtazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Pems, because petry. And because Crtazar.
25. What d we knw abut the bk A Mveable Feast?
A. It’s a brief accunt f a trip.
B. It’s abut Hemingway’s life as a yung man.
C. It’s a recrd f a histric event.
D. It’s abut Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
10. 【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇】
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem.
Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmeter race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. But the sprt’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact(接触) with the grund at all times. It’s this strange frm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, hwever, says Jaclyn Nrberg, an assistant prfessr f exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
31. Which wrd best describes the authr’s attitude t race walking?
A. Skeptical.B. Objective.C. Tlerant.D. Cnservative.
11. 【2020全国卷II阅读理解C篇】
When yu were trying t figure ut what t buy fr the envirnmentalist n yur hliday list, fur prbably didn’t crss yur mind. But sme eclgists and fashin (时装）enthusiasts are trying t bring back the market fr fur made frm nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn have（shwcased）nutria fur made int clthes in different styles. “It sunds crazy t talk abut guilt-free fur-unless yu understand that the nutria are destrying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, prject directr f Righteus Fur.
Scientists in Luisiana were s cncerned that they decided t pay hunters $5 a tail. Sme f the fur ends up in the fashin shws like the ne in Brklyn last mnth.
28. What is the purpse f the fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn?
A. T prmte guilt-free fur.
B. T expand the fashin market.
C. T intrduce a new brand.
D. T celebrate a winter hliday.
29. Why are scientists cncerned abut nutria?
A. Nutria damage the ecsystem seriusly.
B. Nutria are an endangered species.
C. Nutria hurt lcal cat-sized animals.
D. Nutria are illegally hunted.
31. What can we infer abuf wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?
A. It’s frmal.B. It’s risky.C. It’s harmful.D. It’s traditinal.
12. 【2020全国卷III阅读理解B篇】
In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set in the studi that has activists wrried; it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns. And there are questins abut the films made utside the States, which smetimes are nt mnitred as clsely as prductins filmed in the Sates.
27. What can we infer frm the last paragraph abut animal actrs?
A. They may be badly treated.B. They shuld take further training.
C. They culd be traded illegally.D. They wuld lse ppularity.
13. 【2020全国卷III阅读理解C篇】
With the yung unable t affrd t leave hme and the ld at risk f islatin(孤独), mre families are chsing t live tgether.
The drway t peace and quiet, fr Nick Bright at least, leads straight t his mther-in-law: she lives n the grund flr, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their tw daughters.
Fur years ag they all mved int a three-strey Victrian huse in Bristl — ne f a grwing number f multigeneratinal families in the UK living tgether under the same rf. They share a frnt dr and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her wn kitchen, bathrm, bedrm and living rm n the grund flr.
“We flated the idea t my mum f sharing a huse,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spke mre with Nick because I think it’s a big thing fr Nick t live with his mther-in-law.”
And what des Nick think? “Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well. Wuld I recmmend it? Yes, I think I wuld.”
28. Wh mainly uses the grund flr in the Victrian huse in Bristl?
A. Nick. B. Rita.C. KathrynD. The daughters.
29. What is Nick’s attitude twards sharing the huse with his mther-in -law?
A. Psitive.B. Carefree.C. Tlerant.D. Unwilling.
14. 【2020全国卷III阅读理解D篇】
We are the prducts f evlutin, and nt just evlutin that ccurred billins f years ag. As scientists lk deeper int ur genes(基因), they are finding examples f human evlutin in just the past few thusand years. Peple in Ethipian highlands have adapted t living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising peple in East Africa and nrthern Eurpe have gained a mutatin(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
32. What des the authr want t tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
A. Envirnmental adaptatin f cattle raisers.B. New knwledge f human evlutin.
C. Recent findings f human rigin.D. Significance f fd selectin.
15. 【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解C篇】
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral（葬礼）fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
10. Which f the fllwing best describes Mr Bissell's rad trip in Uzbekistan? （ ）
A. Rmantic. B. Eventful. C. Pleasant. D. Dangerus.
16. 【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解D篇】
The tests shw that the scial envirnment is extremely influential when we're making decisins. If this fellw participant is ging t eat mre, s will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. Hwever, we'll adjust the influence. If an verweight persn is having a large prtin, I'll hld back a bit because I see the results f his eating habits. But if a thin persn eats a lt, I'll fllw suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?
15. On what basis d we "adjust the influence" accrding t the last paragraph? （ ）
A. Hw hungry we are. B. Hw slim we want t be.
C. Hw we perceive thers. D. Hw we feel abut the fd.
17.【2019全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解D篇】
Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial psychlgy. Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-thers qualities strengthen schlyard friendships, jump-start interpersnal skills and, when tapped early, are emplyed ever after in life and wrk. Then there’s the kind f ppularity that appears in adlescence: status brn f pwer and even dishnrable behavir.
32. What srt f girl was the authr in her early years f elementary schl?
A. Unkind. B. Lnely. C. Generus. D. Cl.
34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find abut the mst liked kids?
A. They appeared t be aggressive.
B. They tended t be mre adaptable.
C. They enjyed the highest status.
D. They perfrmed well academically.
18.【2019全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】
Fr Canaan Elementary’s secnd grade in Patchgue, N.Y.，tday is speech day, and right nw it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-ld is the jker f the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind f kid wh wuld enjy public speaking.
But he’s nervus.＂I’m here t tell yu tday why yu shuld … shuld…＂Chris trips n the＂-ld,＂a prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn-native English speakers. His teacher, Thmas Whaley, is next t him, whispering supprt.＂…Vte fr …me …＂Except fr sme stumbles, Chris is ding amazingly well. When he brings his speech t a nice cnclusin, Whaley invites the rest f the class t praise him.
A sn f immigrants, Chris started learning English a little ver three years ag. Whaley recalls（回想起）hw at the beginning f the year, when called upn t read, Chris wuld excuse himself t g t the bathrm.
Learning English as a secnd language can be a painful experience. What yu need is a great teacher wh lets yu make mistakes. ＂It takes a lt fr any student,＂ Whaley explains, ＂especially fr a student wh is learning English as their new language, t feel cnfident enugh t say, ‘I dn’t knw，but I want t knw.’＂
Whaley gt the idea f this secnd-grade presidential campaign prject when he asked the children ne day t raise their hands if they thught they culd never be a president. The answer brke his heart. Whaley says the prject is abut mre than just learning t read and speak in public. He wants these kids t learn t bast（夸耀）abut themselves.
＂Basting abut yurself, and yur best qualities,＂ Whaley says, ＂is very difficult fr a child wh came int the classrm nt feeling cnfident.＂
26. We can infer that the purpse f Whaley’s prject is t _________.
A. help students see their wn strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students fr their future jbs
D. inspire students’ lve fr plitics
27. Which f the fllwing best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humrus.B. Ambitius.C. Caring.D. Demanding.
19.【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇】
A new reprt fund 46 percent f meals are eaten alne in America. Mre than half（53 percent）have breakfast alne and nearly half（46 percent）have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating tgether anymre, 74 percent, accrding t statistics frm the reprt.
28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 abut?
A. Fd variety.B. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D. Restaurant service.
20.【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇】
Just tw seats ver, Andrew Mazleny, a lcal videgrapher, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phne in peace r chat up the barkeeper with whm he's n a first-name basis if he wants t have a little interactin（交流）. "I reflect n hw my day's gne and think abut the rest f the week," he said. "It's a chance fr self-reflectin, Yu return t wrk recharged and with a plan."
30. What d we knw abut Mazleny?
A. He makes vides fr the bar.B. He’s fnd f the fd at the bar.
C. He interviews custmers at the bar.D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.
21.【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇】
Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts. The micrrganisms（微生物） frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week. Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem? It’s turning t a bunch f high schl kids. But nt just any kids. It depending n NASA HUNCH high schl classrms, like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt, New Yrk.
32. What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A. They are hard t get rid f.B. They lead t air pllutin.
C. They appear in different frms.D. They damage the instruments.
22.【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解B篇】
Fr Western designers, China and its rich culture have lng been an inspiratin fr Western creative.
"It's n secret that China has always been a surce(来源)f inspiratin fr designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative fficer at A+E Netwrks, a glbal media cmpany and hme t sme f the biggest fashin(时尚)shws.
Earlier this year, the China Thrugh A Lking Glass exhibitin in New Yrk exhibited 140 pieces f China-inspired fashinable clthing alngside Chinese wrks f art, with the aim f explring the influence f Chinese aesthetics(美学)n Western fashin and hw China has fueled the fashinable imaginatin fr centuries. The exhibitin had recrd attendance, shwing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China is impssible t verlk," says Hill. "Chinese mdels are the faces f beauty and fashin campaigns that sell dreams t wmen all ver the wrld, which means Chinese wmen are nt just cnsumers f fashin — they are central t its mvement. "Of curse, nly are tday's tp Western designers being influenced by China — sme f the best designers f cntemprary fashin are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jasn Wu are taking n Galian, Albaz, Marc Jacbs-and beating them hands dwn in design and sales," adds Hill.
24.What can we learn abut the exhibitin in New Yrk?
A. It prmted the sales f artwrks.B. It attracted a large number f visitrs.
C. It shwed ancient Chinese clthes.D. It aimed t intrduce Chinese mdels.
25.What des Hill say abut Chinese wmen?
A. They are setting the fashin.B. They start many fashin campaigns.
C. They admire super mdels.D. They d business all ver the wrld.
23.【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解C篇】
Befre the 1830s,mst newspapers were sld thrugh annual subscriptins in America, usually $8 t $10 a year. Tday $8 r $10 seems a small amunt f mney, but at that time these amunts were frbidding t mst citizens. Accrdingly, newspapers were read almst nly by rich peple in plitics r the trades. In additin, mst newspapers had little in them that wuld appeal t a mass audience. They were dull and visually frbidding. But the revlutin that was taking place in the 1830s wuld change all that.
The trend, then, was tward the "penny paper"— a term referring t papers made widely available t the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps mre imprtantly it meant newspapers that culd be bught in single cpies n the street.
This develpment did nt take place vernight. It had been pssible(but nt easy)t buy single cpies f newspapers befre 1830,but this usually meant the reader had t g dwn t the printer's ffice t purchase a cpy. Street sales were almst unknwn. Hwever, within a few years, street sales f newspapers wuld be cmmnplace in eastern cities. At first the price f single cpies was seldm a penny—usually tw r three cents was charged —and sme f the lder well-knwn papers charged five r six cents. But the phrase "penny paper " caught the public's fancy, and sn there wuld be papers that did indeed sell fr nly a penny.
29.What did street sales mean t newspapers?
A. They wuld be priced higher.B. They wuld disappear frm cities.
C. They culd have mre readers.D. They culd regain public trust.
30.Wh were the newspapers f the new trend targeted at?
A. Lcal pliticians.B. Cmmn peple.
C. Yung publishers.D. Rich businessmen.
24.【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解D篇】
After running hundreds f tests, the researchers nted that the mnkeys wuld g fr the higher values mre than half the time, indicating that they were perfrming a calculatin, nt just memrizing the value f each cmbinatin.
When the team examined the results f the experiment mre clsely, they nticed that the mnkeys tended t underestimate（低估）a sum cmpared with a single symbl when the tw were clse in value—smetimes chsing, fr example, a 13 ver the sum f 8 and 6. The underestimatin was systematic: When adding tw numbers, the mnkeys always paid attentin t the larger f the tw, and then added nly a fractin（小部分）f the smaller number t it.
34. What did Livingstne's team find abut the mnkeys?
A. They culd perfrm basic additin.B. They culd understand simple wrds.
C. They culd memrize numbers easily.D. They culd hld their attentin fr lng.
1.【广东省华南师大附中2021届高三调研】
Jhn was waiting fr the girl whse heart he knew, but whse face he didn’t, the girl with the rse. Thirteen mnths ag, in a Flrida library he tk a bk ff the shelf and fund himself attracted by the ntes in the margin (页边). The sft handwriting reflected a thughtful sul and insightful mind.
In frnt f the bk, he discvered the previus wner’s name, Miss Hllis Maynell. With time and effrt, he lcated her address. He wrte her a letter intrducing himself and inviting her t crrespnd. During the next year and ne mnth, the tw grew t knw each ther thrugh the mail. A rmance was develping. Jhn requested a phtgraph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wuldn’t matter what she lked like. Later they scheduled their first meeting - 7:00 p.m. at Grand Central Statin in New Yrk.
“Yu’ll recgnize me,” she wrte, “by the red rse I’ll be wearing n my cat.” S at 7:00 he was in the statin lking fr the girl with the red rse.
A yung wman in a green suit was cming twards him, her figure lng and slim and her eyes were blue as flwers. Almst uncntrllably he made ne step clser t her, and just at this mment he saw Hllis Maynell - a wman well past 40. The girl was walking quickly away. He felt as thugh he was at a lss, s eager was his desire t fllw her, and yet s deep was his lnging fr the wman whse spirit had truly accmpanied him and upheld his wn.
He did nt hesitate. He squared his shulders and said, “I’m Jhn, and yu must be Miss Maynell. I am s glad yu culd meet me; may I take yu t dinner?”
The wman smiled, “I dn’t knw what this is abut, sn,” she answered, “but the yung lady in the green suit begged me t wear this rse n my cat. And she said if yu were t ask me ut t dinner, I shuld tell yu she is waiting fr yu in the restaurant acrss the street. She said it was sme kind f test!”
It’s nt difficult t admire wisdm. The true nature f a heart is seen in its respnse t the unattractive.
4．In writing the passage, the authr intends t _______.
A．tell us a rmantic stry between tw yung persns
B．shw ne’s spirit matters mre than his appearance
C．shw that ne’s respnse t unattractive shws his heart
D．hw a thughtful sul and insightful mind can be reflected
2.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三三调】
A Prtland, Oregn man, Clin O’Brady, has becme the first persn t travel acrss Antarctica by himself with receiving any assistance.
O’Brady cmpleted the 1,500 - kilmeter trip n Wednesday. He crssed the cntinent in 54 days. Friends, family and ther peple fllwed his prgress thrugh messages and pictures he left n scial media. The 33 - year – ld O’Brady dcumented the trip n the scial netwrking service Instagram.
6．What can be inferred in the last paragraph?
A．Sme peple have managed t travel acrss Antarctica.
B．Wrsley succeeded in traveling alne acrss Antarctica.
C．Luis Rudd is nw undertaking the jurney with Wrsley.
D．O’ Brady will have a fierce cmpetitin with Luis Rudd.
3.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三三调】
After a saln(美发厅) turns away a physically challenged wman, a stranger makes a truly beautiful gesture. “Beauty isn’t abut having a pretty face. It’s abut having a pretty mind, a pretty heart, and a pretty sul, Oh, and pretty nails!” That may well be Angela Peters’s mtt.
Last July, Peters, 36, rlled her wheelchair int a nail saln at the Walmart shpping center in Burtn, Michigan, with the idea f painting her fingers. But Peters was turned away. The saln tld her that they were afraid it wuld be t difficult t prperly paint her nails given that her hands shk, What was meant t be a clay f happiness fr Peters was nw a disappintment.
Ebny Harris, 40, saw everything and apprached Peters. Harris ffered t d her nails. They shpped fr nail plish. They settled n a bright blue — a statement clr that wuld catch every eye. They then made their way int a neighbring Subway, fund a table fr tw, and set up shp. Harris gently tk Peters’s hand int hers and carefully began painting her nails.
Watching it all with awe and admiratin was Subway emplyee Tasia Smith. What struck her mst was the ease and gentleness displayed by Harris as she painted Peters’s nails, all the while chatting as if they were ld friends.
Peters, wh runs a petry website, heavenlypems. cm, harbrs(心怀) n bitterness tward the nail saln that turned her away. (The saln says they refused t ffer Peters service because they were t busy.) “When peple d us wrng we must frgive,” Peters wrte n her website. “I just want t educate peple that peple with different challenges, like being in a wheelchair, can have ur wn business and get ur nails dne like anyne else.”
15．What des Peters intend t tell us by writing n her website?
A．It’s better t use websites t educate peple.
B．The saln has its reasnable reasn t refuse her.
C．Thse wh did smething wrng shuld nt be frgiven.
D．Peple with different challenges shuld be treated equally.
4.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三四调】
My mther knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasn’t until after she left that I nticed at the ft f my bed an envelpe thick with cash. She knew hw desperately I needed it. She knew that had she just shwn up with grceries, r ffered t pay my rent, she wuld have made me feel much wrse. The cld, hard cash meant she was helping me. And, funnily enugh, the distance with which she gave the gift felt like she was giving me space t fix my life and preserve my dignity. My mther and father bth did the same thing. One was giving me the means t take my wn decisins, and the ther was giving me a secnd chance when thse decisins had cst me dearly.
6．Which wrd can best describe the authr’s mther?
A．Sensitive.B．Optimistic.C．Cnsiderate.D．Determined.
5.【河北省2021届高三模拟】
“We did a test run ne day in August, and decided t give it a g. T be hnest, I thught he’d blink (眨眼)after it gt really cld r rainy, but he never did,” Jnathan said. He recalled ne day when the weather was particularly bad. “It’s really raining ut there tday,” he tld Simn. “And Simn said, ‘Well then we’re ging t get wet!’ He tk pride in tughing it ut, and it became a really fun family rutine.”
26．What can be inferred frm paragraph 4?
A．Simn has truble with his eyesight.B．Simn is really stubbrn and inflexible.
C．Simn is much tugher than expected.D．Simn didn’t get supprt frm his father.
6.【湖北省孝感高中2021届高三模拟】
Next day, J wanted t get ut f the huse, s she picked up her skates and went next dr t ask Laurie t take her skating.
Amy heard them ging. “J prmised t take me with her next time!” she cmplained.
“It’s hard fr her t frgive yu, Amy,” said Meg. “G after them and wait until J is enjying herself, then give her a kiss r d smething kind.”
It was nt far t the river, but J and Laurie were already skating when Amy arrived. J saw Amy but turned away.
Laurie was carefully skating alng the edge f the ice and didn’t see the yunger girl.
Amy put her skates n and std n the ice.
“Keep near the edge. The ice isn’t safe in the middle.” Laurie called t J, then he disappeared rund the first bend in the river. J heard, but Amy did nt. J realized that Amy prbably hadn’t heard, but she said nthing and skated after Laurie. “Let Amy lk after herself!” J thught.
Amy skated ut twards the smther ice in the middle f the river. J reached the bend, and fr a mment she std still, a strange feeling in her heart. Smething made her turn rund—just in time t see Amy thrw up her hands and g crashing thrugh the ice int the cld water! Amy gave a cry that made J’s heart stp with fear. She tried t call Laurie, but her vice was gne, and fr a secnd she culd nly stand and stare at the little blue hd(帽子) f Amy’s cat abve the black water.
Suddenly, Laurie skated past her and shuted, “Bring a piece f wd frm the side f the river, quickly!”
Wild with fear, J fetched sme wd and pulled it acrss the ice, while Laurie held Amy’s head abve the water. Tgether, they gt her ut.
She was mre frightened than hurt, and was quickly taken hme. They cvered her in blankets and tried t calm her, and after a little while she fell asleep in frnt f the warm fire. Later, when everything was quiet, J asked her mther, “Are yu sure she is safe ?” “Quite safe, dear. It was sensible t get her hme as quickly as yu did.”
“Laurie did it all,” said J. “Mther, if she shuld die, it will be my fault. I get angry s quickly. Oh, why can’t I be mre like yu?”
“I get angry nearly every day f my life, J,” said Mrs March, “but I've learned nt t shw it. I’ve learned t stp myself saying the angry wrds that cme t my lips, and yu must try t d the same, my dear.”
31．Which ending is the writer mst likely t add t the stry?
A．Mr. March Named J s hard that she cried.
B．Laurie thught ill f J and brke up with her.
C．Amy was grateful t learn a lessn frm the accident.
D．Everything was frgiven and frgtten when Amy wke up.
7.【湖北省宜昌市2021届高三联考】
Stephen Wamukta, a nine-year-ld frm Mukwa village in Western Kenya, is making the headlines wrldwide fr his creative hand-washing machine. The yung by came up with the idea after watching village residents, wh didn’t have easy access t running water, struggle t find an effective way t wash their hands t avid spreading and cntracting COVID-19.
Using the few resurces at hand –wd scraps, nails, and a bucket –Stephen designed and built a simple, but functinal, cleansing statin. The clever creatin, which cnsists f tw pedals (踏板) –ne t release sap and the ther t release water–enables villagers t wash their hands cntact-free, thereby reducing the likelihd f catching the disease.“I had bught sme pieces f wd t make a windw frame, but when I came back hme after wrk ne day, I fund that Stephen had made the machine,” his father, James, tld the BBC．“The cncept was his, and I helped tighten the machine. I’m very prud.”James credits Stephen’s building ability t the village schl’s curriculum (课程), which teaches children t assemble (装配) and cnstruct items frm a very yung age.
25．What des James think f the village schl’s curriculum?
A．He sings high praise fr it.B．He cnsiders it very abstract.
C．He thinks it t prfessinal.D．He has reservatins abut it.
8.【湖南省长沙一中2021届高三四调】
The reasn why Ne Zha has been welcmed by Chinese audiences is that it has applied a range f traditinal aesthetic elements, frm Taist, Peking Opera and Lunar New Year paintings t Chinese animatin techniques. Actually, China’s animatin mvies are finding the right rhythm, achieving bx ffice returns f abut 60 billin yuan in the cuntry.
But despite Ne Zha breaking several bx ffice recrds, China's animatin industry still faces many challenges. Ne Zha achieved almst unprecedented success because f the cperatin f mre than 70 enterprises, indicating hw decentralized (分散) China’s animatin industry is. It als shws why the prducers f The Mnkey King: A Heres Return and Big Fish& Begnia have nt been able t make sequels (续集) f new animatin films despite the relatively easy access t capital, and have sught freign enterprises' help t make new animatin mvies.
There is still rm fr the Chinese animatin industry t imprve its filmmaking techniques and bst the cuntry's cultural industry including the animatin industry and bring them t internatinal level.
7．What's the authrs attitude twards China's animatin industry?
A．Psitive.B．Indifferent.C．Neutral.D．Pessimistic.
9.【江苏省常州高级中学2021届高三调研】
Emily Bnfim Camarg, a 10-yeiir-ld girl, has cerebral palsy （大脑性瘫痪）. Because f her cnditin, her invluntary mvements prevent her frm freely hlding bjects with her hands r standing up. She's never been able t walk, but that desn't mean she desn’t have the same dreams and hpes as ther children. In particular, she's always wanted t ride a bicycle.
“That was her dream, and I had 10 d smething t help,” her grandfather. Clvis Urias ds Sants, a 69-year-ld frmer cnstructin wrker? said. First he tried t make his granddaughter^ dream cme true by buying her a tricycle （三轮车）. Unfrtunately, she was unable t hld the handlebars t guide the vehicle, and she culdn't keep her balance n the seat. Her grandfather, hwever, isn't a man wh is easily discuraged.
In his hme wrkshp, he started t think f hw he culd make a mre stable tricycle fr her. He started t take things apart and put the useful pieces back tgether. “ I fixed the pedals （踏板）with brakes, and I didn't put n handlebars,” he tld Sempre Familia a lcal news medium.
5．Which f the fllwing wrd can best describe Clvis?
A．Curageus and calm.B．Determined and lving.
C．Cperative and generus.D．Ambitius and prfessinal.
10.【江苏省海安高级中学2021届高三五调】
“Hell,” they each said in Spanish. They asked where he's frm, and tld him they were happy t see him. Then Levitz tk him n a quick tur f the schl befre classes began—t her ffice the schl stre, the library, and the dining hall.
A ttal f 19 languages are spken in Bulkeley High Schl. “We have s many new students cming here frm ther cuntries every single day,” Levitz said. “S it's nt like he's the nly ne wh has that feeling.”
“Yu culd tell he's little wrried," Guillerm said as we left.” But, at the same time, he's lking frward t it.”
7．What can we learn abut Bulkeley High Schl?
A．It has n library.B．It is an internatinal schl.
C．It plans t pen Spanish classes.D．It requires all students t wear unifrms.
11.【江苏省如皋市2021届高三调研】
Last year, after I tld my stry n the radi, I was cntacted by VcaliD, a Massachusetts-based cmpany. They ffered t design a vice mdeled n my wn. I was nt sure whether it wuld be helpful but sent the recrdings they requested. The first time I heard the vice they created, I felt the hair n the back f my neck rise. It was s clse t my wn that the tw were nearly indistinguishable. I've nly just begun using this new vice. Already my brain is registering the cmputer s speech as my wn mnlgue. My hpe is that this will restre a sense f self t my writing prcess, allwing me easier access t that inner space where the imaginatin can take ver, and the real wrk can begin.
7．Hw did the authr feel when VcaliD gt in tuch with him?
A．Upset.B．Cncerned.
C．Grateful.D．Dubtful.
12.【山东省菏泽市2021届高三模拟】
When Stephen Mills sptted a dusty ld safe(保险箱)in a museum in Canada, he thught he’d try t crack the cde, “just like in the mvies”. But when he began turning the dial, he wasn’t expecting a Hllywd ending.
Fr years, anyne wh visited the Vermillin Heritage Museum in Alberta wuld have passed by a large,black metal bx. Staff knew it had cme frm the lng-gne Brunswick htel and was dnated t the museum in the 1990s. But its cde and cntents remained a mystery fr decades – until Mills unexpectedly cracked the cde.
Mills, wh lived in Frt McMurray, Alberta, was visiting the museum with his family last mnth ver a hliday weekend. As they wandered arund the exhibits with the museum guide, Tm Kibblewhite, they sptted the safe.
7．What des Mills prbably mean by saying “I’m buying a lttery ticket”?
A．He wanted t becme richer.
B．He pened the safe by luck.
C．He was gd at cracking the cde.
D．Buying lttery tickets leads t success.
13.【福建省厦门市2021届高三质检】
All my life, fr three decades nw, I've gne t wrk early each day with a spring in my step. Occasinally, I meet my frmer students. Their bvius lve fr me and fnd memries f ur time tgether are my rewards. When I meet thers wh thirst fr superpwers, like the brand new teacher struggling t perfect her skills with a brave face n, r the ne in a remte, rural schl travelling 70 kilmeters each day just fr his pupils, I feel prud t belng t the same grup.
7．What can be cncluded abut being a teacher frm the text?
A．With ne thusand times fr the peach garden sweet.
B．Teachers lead the dr, prgress in the individual.
C．In schlarship there is n difference f age.
D．Learning withut a teacher is hard t gain.
14.【广东省佛山市2021届高三质检】
Maasha’s experience with NASA wasn’t the nly thing that came in handy that day, the engineer first fell in lve with aviatin (航空) as a teenager grwing up near an airprt in Mnrvia, Liberia. “Lking back, I guess I had the perfect sets f circumstances t recgnize the issue that day,” he said. “Since I was a kid, I’ve always tried t sit in a windw seat near the wing, and as I grew up, I am determined t run after my dream during my university years. That’s nt the first time I’ve nticed smething. I’m sure it wn’t be the last.”
6．What played a majr rle in Maasha’s brave actin?
A．His birth place and hme lcatin.
B．His university years and hnesty.
C．His childhd educatin and seat chice.
D．His wrking experience and persnal interest.
15.【广东省广州市2021届高三一模】
In a 1716 letter, he described his cntributin t science this way: “My wrk, which I’ve dne fr a lng time, was nt pursued in rder t gain the praise I nw enjy, but chiefly frm a strng desire fr knwledge, which I ntice resides in me mre than in mst ther men. And therefre, whenever I fund ut anything remarkable, I have thught it my duty t put dwn my discvery n paper, s that the scientific cmmunity might be infrmed theref.”
6．What des the qute frm Leeuwenhek's letter suggest?
A．He admitted that many f his discveries happened by chance.
B．He cnsidered his wrk t be central t later medical breakthrughs.
C．He was greatly cncerned with imprving peple’s living cnditins.
D．He believed the sharing f knwledge was a key t scientific prgress