新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题15：阅读理解微技能之长难句分析（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题15：阅读理解微技能之长难句分析（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题15阅读理解微技能之长难句分析解析版doc、新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题15阅读理解微技能之长难句分析原题版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共74页， 欢迎下载使用。

【考情链接】
高考阅读文章均选自外刊，“原汁原昧”，尤其阅读C篇除了生词量大、篇幅长、信息量大以外．就是文中句子结构较为复杂，搀杂了大量的长难句，对长难句的理解会直接影响我们的阅读成绩。那么如何破解阅读理解中的长难句？长难句构成特征如下：
EQ \\ac(◇,●) 带有较多成分的简单句
EQ \\ac(◇,●) 含有多个从句的复合句
EQ \\ac(◇,●) 含有插入成份的句子
EQ \\ac(◇,●) 含有省略成份的句子
EQ \\ac(◇,●) 含有倒装句、强调句
【要点梳理】
破解长难句方法
找谓语，定主语
一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句（并列谓语动词的情况除外）。如
Declaring that he was ppsed t using this unusual animal husbandry technique t clne humans, he rdered that federal funds nt be used fr such an experiment --- althugh n ne had prpsed t d s and asked an independent panel f experts chaired by Princetn President Harld Shapir t reprt back t the White Huse in 90 days with recmmendatins fr a natinal plicy n human clning.
【简析】 此句中的谓语形式的动词及其对应的主语有： was ppsed --he; rdered--he; (shuld) nt be used ---federal--funds; had prpsed --- n ne; asked--he (asked前面有and, 说明asked与前面某个谓语动词并列，根据逻辑意义asked应与rdered并列)。这一句的主干为 “he rdered... asked ”, “Declaring that...”作状语。
句意：他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的蓄牧繁殖技术来克隆人类，并下令不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验——尽管还没有人建议这么做——他还请一个普林斯顿大学校长Harld Shapir 为首的独立专家组在90天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。
提主干，去枝叶（从句等）
一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来，就不能完全把握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。如：
First put frward by the French mathematician Pierre de Frmat in the 17th century，the therem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French wman scientist wh made a majr advance in wrking ut the prblem，and wh had t dress like a man in rder t be able t study at the Ec-lab Ply technique.
【简析】本句夹杂分词短语、动名词及两个定语从句。 “First put frward by the French mathematician Pierre de Frmat in the 17th century”为过去分词短语作状语;“including...”为介词短语作状语;“wh wh had t...”为两个并列的定语从句，修饰a French wman scientist。所以句子的主干为the therem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds此为主要信息。
句意：这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家Pierre de Frmat提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，其中包括一个法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展。为了能够在Ec-lab Ply technique理工学院学习她曾女扮男装。
寻关联，辨逻辑
一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句。而这些并列句或复合句之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果我们找准这些关联词，就能够分辨出句与句之间的逻辑关系，分别弄清主句的意义和从句的意义，则长句就容易对付得多了。要掌握此方法必须对英语中的常见的关联词谙熟于心。
Whereas a wman’s clsest female friend might be the first t tell her t leave a failing marriage, it wasn’t unusual t hear a man say he didn’t knw his friend’s marriage was in serius truble until he appeared ne night asking if he culd sleep n the sfa.
【简析】“whereas”提示前后对比; nt unusual=usual; 直到……才……。
句意：一个女人最亲密的女性朋友最可能是第一个告诉她离开一次失败的婚姻的人;而听见一个男人说，直到他的朋友一天晚上问他是否可以睡在他家的沙发上，他才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，这是很平常的事。
看搭配，防隔离
有时一个长句或难句是由一个或多个搭配构成，而且这些搭配中常常出现分隔现象。读者若受分隔现象的干扰而看不清句子的本来面目，则对句意的理解就会发生偏差。如：
Sme cmpanies have made the manufacturing f clean and safe prducts，t sme degree，their main selling pints and emphasize it in their advertising.
【简析】其实本句是一个“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型“make+宾语+宾补”，即“使……成为……”，只不过宾语和宾补被“t sme degree”隔开而已。
句意：一些公司把生产的卫生的、安全的产品，从某种程度上说，当作他们的卖点，并在广告中强调这一点。
关键词，抓线索
有时某些句子句意模糊，读者理不清头绪，这时读者只能依靠关键词来抓，从而在大体上搞清楚句意。总之，在碰到长句和难句时，要根据实际情况灵活运用上述方法，在平时阅读过程中要加强对长句和难句的句法分析训练。有时要几种方法综合使用才能正确理解句意。如：
We even have different wrds fr sme fd，meat in particular, depending n whether it is still ut in the fields r at hme ready t be cked,which shws the fact that the Saxn peasants were ding the farming, while the upper class Nrmans were ding mst f the eating.
【简析】本句夹杂多种语法结构，而且包含对比。句子的主干为“We even have different wrds fr sme fds，meat in particular”;“depending n...”为分词短语作状语;“whether it is still ut in the fields r at hme ready t be cked”作depending n的宾语;“which”引导非限制性定语从句指代上述内容“the fact”后为其同位语，即同位语从句说明fact的具体内容。
句意：我们甚至对某些食物用不同的单词表达，特别是肉类，这取决于它是长在田野时，还是在家里准备煮着吃，这就表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在大口地吃。
_____
真题演练

原文
I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried t hld a cnversatin in Italian with peple wh did nt speak the language. （2022浙江高考卷阅读A篇第二段)
【简析】
【译文】
原文
This variety, cupled with the fact that tiny frests grw up t ten times faster than standard frests, means they attract a rich abundance f wildlife.（2022浙江高考卷阅读B篇第四段)
【简析】：
【译文】：
原文
The yung banker wh eats lunch at his desk is prbably seen as a g-getter, while his clleagues wh chat ver a relaxed cnference-rm meal get dirty lks frm the crner ffice.（2022浙江高考卷阅读C篇第三段)
【简析】：
【译文】：
原文
PASS invlves weekly sessins where yu wrk in grups t tackle specially prepared prblem sets, based arund a unit f study yu’re enrlled in. （2022北京高考卷阅读A篇)
【译文】：
原文
Lking back, I nw see that this wuld be the first in a series f timely pprtunities that my ld self wuld have let pass, but that this new and mre cnfident Alice enthusiastically seized. （2022北京高考卷阅读B篇)
【译文】：
原文
This shws that we have sme way t travel befre achieving the first bjective f systems thinking - which,in this example, is t identify mre cnstituent parts f the nutritin system. （2022北京高考卷阅读C篇)
【译文】：
原文
The cmpany, he says, is clser than any ther firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” t building a “useful” quantum cmputer, ne that “slves an impactful prblem that we wuld nt have been able t slve therwise.” （2022北京高考卷阅读D篇)
【译文】
原文
Of thse Australians wh still have a landline, a third cncedethat it’s nt really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket —19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case femergencies. （2021全国乙卷阅读B篇)
【译文】
原文
Since the effects were small, this may suggest that ur creative thinking des nt differ that much in respnse tttal silence and 85 decibels f backgrund nise.（2021全国乙卷阅读D篇)
【译文】
2022年新高考卷I
1.Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes（ frm the previus class' lecture/discussin,）介词短语作定语 s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. 结果状语从句，it作形式主语，t take…是真正的主语。
2.Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk （t be cmpleted in class ）r shrt assignments （t be cmpleted at hme）, 此处为不定式作后置定语表示将来的被动。（bth f which will be graded.）。此处为定语从句
3.An essay（ nt submitted in class）（过去分词作后置定语） n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late.
原文
A
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class' lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
B
1.Prducing fd （that n ne eats）此处为定语从句 wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces（ used t grw it.）此处 为过去分词作后置定语。
2.“Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r （whether…r…并列两个方式状语）by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish （yu wn’t eat）此处为定语从句,” Curtin says.
原文
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain,” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth’s cver stry. It’s jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away — frm “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte writes, “if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
If that’s hard t understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time — but fr him, it's mre like 12 bnes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D.C., which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished (有瑕疵的) prduce that therwise wuld have rtted in fields. And the strawberries? Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn’t think. “Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn’t eat,” Curtin says.
C
1.The elderly residents (居民)（ in care hmes in Lndn ）介词短语作定语are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely. 此处是目的状语。
2.Amng thse （taking part in the prject ）现在分词作后置定语is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier.
原文
The elderly residents (居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.
The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity (慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s wellbeing. It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.
Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl. ”
“I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.”
“It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”
There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said: “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”
D
1. A grund-breaking, five-year study shws （that diet-related changes in human bite led t new speech sunds ）此处为宾语从句（that are nw fund in half the wrld’s languages. ）此处为定语从句修饰sunds.
2. Mre than 30 years ag, the schlar Charles Hckett nted (that speech sunds called labidentals, such as “f” and “v”, were mre cmmn in the languages f scieties (that ate sfter fds.) 第一处that引导宾语从句，第二处引导定语从句。
3.They discvered （that the upper and lwer frnt teeth f ancient human adults were aligned (对齐),）此处为宾语从句 making it hard t prduce labidentals,（现在分词作结果状语） which are frmed by tuching the lwer lip t the upper teeth.（此处为定语从句）
原文
Human speech cntains mre than 2,000 different sunds, frm the cmmn “m” and “a” t the rare clicks f sme suthern African languages. But why are certain sunds mre cmmn than thers? A grund-breaking, five-year study shws that diet-related changes in human bite led t new speech sunds that are nw fund in half the wrld’s languages.
Mre than 30 years ag, the schlar Charles Hckett nted that speech sunds called labidentals, such as “f” and “v”, were mre cmmn in the languages f scieties that ate sfter fds. Nw a team f researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University f Zurich, Switzerland, has fund hw and why this trend arse.
They discvered that the upper and lwer frnt teeth f ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard t prduce labidentals, which are frmed by tuching the lwer lip t the upper teeth. Later, ur jaws changed t an verbite structure (结构), making it easier t prduce such sunds.
The team shwed that this change in bite was cnnected with the develpment f agriculture in the Nelithic perid. Fd became easier t chew at this pint. The jawbne didn’t have t d as much wrk and s didn’t grw t be s large.
Analyses f a language database als cnfirmed that there was a glbal change in the sund f wrld languages after the Nelithic age, with the use f “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thusand years. These sunds are still nt fund in the languages f many hunter-gatherer peple tday.
This research verturns the ppular view that all human speech sunds were present when human beings evlved arund 300,000 years ag. “The set f speech sunds we use has nt necessarily remained stable since the appearance f human beings, but rather the huge variety f speech sunds that we find tday is the prduct f a cmplex interplay f things like bilgical change and cultural evlutin,” said Steven Mran, a member f the research team.
2022 年新高考卷II
B
1.We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls.（介词短语作定语）
2. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer（介词短语作状语） which was laded with clrful pictures(定语从句) that cme alive(定语从句) when yu pke them.（时间状语）
B
We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children’s bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures — a perfect match fr his age.
Picture this: my grandsn sitting n my lap as I hld the bk in frnt s he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches ut and pkes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thught. Then I turned the page and cntinued. He pked the page even harder. I nearly drpped the bk. I was cnfused: Is there smething wrng with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger t bks. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer which was laded with clrful pictures that cme alive when yu pke them. He thught my strybk was like that.
Srry, kid. This bk is nt part f yur high-tech wrld. It’s an utdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like yur grandfather. Well, I may be ld, but I’m nt hpelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit vide and prduce audi. I use mbile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s ne ntable gap in my new-media experience, hwever: I’ve spent little time in frnt f a camera, since I have a face made fr radi. But that didn’t stp China Daily frm asking me last week t share a persnal stry fr a vide prject abut the integratin f Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei prvince.
Anyway, grandpa is nw an internet star — tw minutes f fame! I prmise nt t let it g t my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-ld grandsn sees it n his tablet.
C
1. The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else（宾语从句） that is nt allwed（定语从句） under New Yrk's hands-free driving laws.
2."We need smething n the bks that can change peple's behavir,（定语从句修饰bks）” said Félix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state's 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers.（定语从句）
原文
Over the last seven years, mst states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range f methds t persuade peple t put dwn their phnes when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the prblem, by just abut any measure, appears t be getting wrse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using scial netwrks and taking phts. Rad accidents, which had fallen fr years, are nw rising sharply.
That is partly because peple are driving mre, but Mark Rsekind, the chief f the Natinal Highway Traffic Safety Administratin, said distracted（分心）driving was "nly increasing, unfrtunately."
"Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last mnth, referring bradly t the need t imprve rad safety. S t try t change a distinctly mdern behavir, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back t an ld apprach: They want t treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea frm lawmakers in New Yrk is t give plice fficers a new device called the Textalyzer. It wuld wrk like this: An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity. The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else that is nt allwed under New Yrk's hands-free driving laws.
"We need smething n the bks that can change peple's behavir,” said Félix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state's 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becmes law, he said, "peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the cell phne."
D
1.As we age（状语从句）, even if we’re healthy,（状语从句） the heart just isn’t as efficient in prcessing xygen as it used t be.（as…as…像…一样）
2. Levine and his research team selected vlunteers aged between 45 and 64（形容词短语作定语） wh did nt exercise much but were therwise healthy.（定语从句）
3. But the study was small and needs t be repeated with far larger grups f peple t determine exactly which aspects f an exercise rutine make the biggest difference.（不定式作目的状语）
原文
As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in prcessing xygen as it used t be. In mst peple the first signs shw up in their 50s r early 60s. And amng peple wh dn’t exercise, the changes can start even sner.
“Think f a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer fr 20 years and it will becme dry and easily brken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University f Texas. That’s what happens t the heart. Frtunately fr thse in midlife, Levine is finding that even if yu haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape nw may help imprve yur aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected vlunteers aged between 45 and 64 wh did nt exercise much but were therwise healthy. Participants were randmly divided int tw grups. The first grup participated in a prgram f nnaerbic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The secnd grup did high-intensity aerbic exercise under the guidance f a trainer fr fur r mre days a week. After tw years, the secnd grup saw remarkable imprvements in heart health.
“We tk these 50-year-ld hearts and turned the clck back t 30-r 35-year-ld hearts,” says Levine. “And the reasn they gt s much strnger and fitter was that their hearts culd nw fill a lt better and pump (泵送) a lt mre bld during exercise.” But the hearts f thse wh participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.
“The sweet spt in life t start exercising, if yu haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-lds thrugh a yearlng exercise training prgram, and nthing happened t them at all.”
Dr. Nieca Gldberg, a spkeswman fr the American Heart Assciatin, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs t be repeated with far larger grups f peple t determine exactly which aspects f an exercise rutine make the biggest difference.
2021年新高考卷I
B
1.He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.（分词短语作定语修饰thse）
2. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.（定语从句）
原文
By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,” Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back.”
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
“My husband is the wrst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
C
1. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades（定语从句） t decimate a large part f these resurces.（it takes …t d sth做某事花费某人…）
2. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.(分词短语作结果状语)
3. Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System（不定式作目的状语） — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme.（作fact的同位语从句）
原文
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl (水禽) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry (迁徙的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival. Under this Act, all waterfwl hunters 16 years f age and ver must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price t ensure the survival f ur natural resurces.
Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme. Since 1934, better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.
D
1. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn's makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test,（定语从句） such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.”
2. We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as(describe…as…把…描述为) a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses.（定语从句修饰skills）
3. Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence（介词短语作定语） run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt,（what引导宾语从句） the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful.
4. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being.（形容词短语作定语）
原文
Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感) intelligence. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn's makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.” Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.
Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin. It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives. Emtinal intelligence, with its fcus n bth head and heart, may serve t pint us in the right directin.
2021 年新高考卷II
C
1. A British wman wh wn a S1 millin prize after she was named the Wrld's Best Teacher（定语从句） will use the cash t bring inspiratinal figures int UK schls.
2. What will remain f us（主语从句） when artificial intelligence takes ver（时间状语从句） will be ur creativity, and it is ur creative spirit, ur visinary sense f freshness,that has been ur strength fr centuries."（it is …that强调句）
原文
A British wman wh wn a S1 millin prize after she was named the Wrld's Best Teacher will use the cash t bring inspiratinal figures int UK schls.
Andria Zafiraku,a nrth Lndn secndary schl teacher, said she wanted t bring abut a classrm revlutin (变革). “We are ging t make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a prject t prmte the teaching f the arts in ur schls.”
The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt - whether an up-and-cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star - int schls t wrk with and inspire children.
Zafiraku began the prject at Alpertn Cmmunity Schl, her place f wrk fr the past twelve years. “I've seen thse magic mments when children are talking t smene they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . mre than ever in ur schls."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant prject t bring artists frm all fields int direct cntact with children is particularly welcme at a time when the arts are being dwngraded in schls." It was a mistake t see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Histrian Sir Simn Schama is als a supprter f the prject. He said that arts educatin in schls was nt just an add-n. “It is abslutely necessary. The future depends n creativity and creativity depends n the yung. What will remain f us when artificial intelligence takes ver will be ur creativity, and it is ur creative spirit, ur visinary sense f freshness,that has been ur strength fr centuries."
D
1. An Australian prfessr is develping a rbt t mnitr the health f grazing cattle（目的状语）, a develpment that culd bring big changes t a prfessin（ 定语从句）that's relied largely n a lw-tech apprach fr decades（定语从句） but is facing a labr shrtage.
2. Fr Texas cattleman Pete Bnds, it's increasingly difficult t find wrkers interested in watching cattle.
（it is adj t d …做…怎么样）（find ++c发现…怎么样）
An Australian prfessr is develping a rbt t mnitr the health f grazing cattle, a develpment that culd bring big changes t a prfessin that's relied largely n a lw-tech apprach fr decades but is facing a labr shrtage.
Salah Sukkarieh, a prfessr at the University f Sydney, sees rbts as necessary given hw cattlemen are aging. He is building a fur-wheeled rbt that will run n slar and electric pwer. It will use cameras and sensrs t mnitr the animals. A cmputer system will analyze the vide t determine whether a cw is sick. Radi tags (标签) n the animals will measure temperature changes. The quality f grassland will be tracked by mnitring the shape, clr and texture (质地) f grass. That way, cattlemen will knw whether they need t mve their cattle t anther field fr nutritin purpses.
Machines have largely taken ver planting, watering and harvesting crps such as cm and wheat, but the mnitring f cattle has gne thrugh fewer changes.
Fr Texas cattleman Pete Bnds, it's increasingly difficult t find wrkers interested in watching cattle. But Bnds desn't believe a rbt is right fr the jb. Years f experience in the industry - and failed attempts t use technlgy - have cnvinced him that the best way t check cattle is with a man n a hrse. Bnds, wh bught his first cattle almst 50 years ag, still has each f his cwbys inspect 300 r 400 cattle daily and lk fr signs that an animal is getting sick.
Other cattlemen see mre prmise in rbts. Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president f the Oklahma Cattlemen's Assciatin, said a rbt culd be extremely useful given rising cncerns abut cattle theft. Cattle tend t be kept in remte places and their value has risen, making them appealing targets.
2020 年新高考卷I
B
1. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family（目的状语） while ding（省略句） smething she lves（定语从句）: nursing.
原文
Jenifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student t pursue her gal f earning a nursing degree. That willpwer bre fruit when Jennifer graduated frm University f Wiscnsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family t earn a bachelr's degree.
Mauer, f Edgar, Wiscnsin, grew up n a farm in a family f 10 children. Her dad wrked at a jb away frm the farm, and her mther ran the farm with the kids. After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin(学费), because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin. After graduatin, she wrked t help her sisters and brthers pay fr their schling.
Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing. She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids. Jenifer received great supprt frm her family as she wrked t earn her degree: Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. ''Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers,'' she says. Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that's pretty pwerful.
2020 年新高考卷II
C
By the time 250,000 were n the bridge, engineers nticed smething terrible：the radway was flattening under what turned ut t be the heaviest lad（宾语从句） it had ever been asked t carry.（定语从句）
原文
In May 1987 the Glden Gate Bridge had a 50th birthday party. The bridge was clsed t mtr traffic s peple culd enjy a walk acrss it. Organizers expected perhaps 50,000 peple t shw up. Instead, as many as 800, 000 crwded the rads t the bridge. By the time 250,000 were n the bridge, engineers nticed smething terrible：the radway was flattening under what turned ut t be the heaviest lad it had ever been asked t carry. Wrse, it was beginning t sway（晃动）. The authrities clsed access t the bridge and tens f thusands f peple made their way back t land. A disaster was avided.
The stry is ne f scres in T Frgive Design：Understanding Failure, a bk that is at nce a lve letter t engineering and a paean（赞歌）t its breakdwns. Its authr, Dr. Henry Petrski, has lng been writing abut disasters. In this bk, he includes the lss f the space shuttles（航天飞机）Challenger and Clumbia, and the sinking f the Titanic.
Thugh he acknwledges that engineering wrks can fail because the persn wh thught them up r engineered them simply gt things wrng in this bk Dr. Petrski widens his view t cnsider the larger cntext in which such failures ccur. Smetimes devices fail because a gd design is cnstructed with lw quality materials incmpetently applied. Or perhaps a design wrks s well it is adpted elsewhere again and again, with seemingly harmless imprvements, until, suddenly, it des nt wrk at all anymre.
Readers will encunter nt nly stries they have heard befre, but sme new stries and a mving discussin f the respnsibility f the engineer t the public and the ways yung engineers can be helped t grasp them.
"Success is success but that is all that it is," Dr. Petrski writes. It is failure that brings imprvement.
D
The humidity（湿气）f large rainfrests cntributes t the frmatin f raincluds that may travel t ther cuntries in need f rain.（定语从句）
原文
Rainfrests are hme t a rich variety f medicinal plants, fd, birds and animals. Can yu believe that a single bush（灌木丛）in the Amazn may have mre species f ants than the whle f Britain! Abut 480 varieties f trees may be fund in just ne hectare f rainfrest.
Rainfrests are the lungs f the planet-string vast quantities f carbn dixide and prducing a significant amunt f the wrld's xygen. Rainfrests have their wn perfect system fr ensuring their wn survival; the tall trees make a canpy（树冠层）f branches and leaves which prtect themselves, smaller plants, and the frest animals frm heavy rain, intense dry heat frm the sun and strng winds.
Amazingly, the trees grw in such a way that their leaves and branches, althugh clse tgether, never actually tuch thse f anther tree. Scientists think this is the plants' way t prevent the spread f any tree diseases and make life mre difficult fr leaf-eating insects like caterpillars. T survive in the frest, animals must climb, jump r fly acrss the gaps. The grund flr f the frest is nt all tangled leaves and bushes, like in films, but is actually fairly clear. It is where dead leaves turn int fd fr the trees and ther frest life.
They are nt called rainfrests fr nthing! Rainfrests can generate 75%f their wn rain. At least 80 inches f rain a year is nrmal-and in sme areas there may be as much as 430 inches f rain annually. This is real rain-yur umbrella may prtect yu in a shwer, but it wn't keep yu dry if there is a full rainstrm. In just tw hurs, streams can rise ten t twenty feet. The humidity（湿气）f large rainfrests cntributes t the frmatin f raincluds that may travel t ther cuntries in need f rain.
_____
好题必测
A
Wh is a genius? This questin has greatly interested humankind fr centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almst the internatinal symbl fr genius. But we want t g beynd ne man and explre the nature f genius itself. Why is it that sme peple are s much mre intelligent r creative than the rest f us? And wh are they?
In the sciences and arts, thse praised as geniuses were mst ften white men, f Eurpean rigin. Perhaps this is nt a surprise. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club. When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club—wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief—they were unacknwledged and rejected by thers.
A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even wrse, the study fund that girls act n that belief: Arund age six they start t avid activities said t be fr children wh are “really, really smart.” Can ur planet affrd t have any great thinkers becme discuraged and give up? It desn't take a genius t knw the answer: abslutely nt.
Here's the gd news. In a wired wrld with cnstant glbal cmmunicatin, we're all psitined t see flashes f genius wherever they appear. And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素)like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius. As a writer says, future geniuses cme frm thse with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple gd frtune, wh are able t change the wrld.”
12. What des the authr think f victrs' standards fr jining the genius club?
A. They're unfair.B. They're cnservative.
C. They're bjective.D. They're strict.
13. What can we infer abut girls frm the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They lk up t great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than bys.
D. They are likely t be influenced by scial beliefs
14. Why are mre geniuses knwn t the public?
A. Imprved glbal cmmunicatin.
B. Less discriminatin against wmen.
C. Acceptance f victrs' cncepts.
D. Changes in peple's scial psitins.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Geniuses Think AlikeB. Genius Takes Many Frms
C. Genius and IntelligenceD. Genius and Luck
【长难句】
1. It's said that histry is written by the victrs, and thse victrs set the standards fr admissin t the genius club.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________
2. A study recently published by Science fund that as yung as age six, girls are less likely than bys t say that members f their gender (性别) are “really, really smart.”
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________
B
Yu’ve heard that plastic is plluting the ceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 millin tnnes enter cean ecsystems every year. But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des. He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.
At the beginning f the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpcalypse,” a pair f 10-ft-tall plastic waves, frzen mid-crash. Made f 168,000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce（来源）f plastic pllutin but they’ve recently cme under fire because mst peple dn’t need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled. Every straw that’s part f Vn Wng’s artwrk likely came frm a drink that smene used fr nly a few minutes. Once the drink is gne, the straw will take centuries t disappear.
In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad’s wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic,” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they’d been dumped（倾倒） frm a truck all at nce.
Vn Wng hpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.
28. What are Vn Wng’s artwrks intended fr?
A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Intrducing ec-friendly prducts.
C. Drawing public attentin t plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage n the beach.
29. Why des the authr discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?
A. T shw the difficulty f their recycling.
B. T explain why they are useful.
C. T vice his views n mdern art.
D. T find a substitute fr them.
30. What effect wuld “Trucklad f Plastic” have n viewers?
A. Calming.B. Disturbing.
C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.
31. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Artists’ Opinins n Plastic Safety
B. Media Interest in Cntemprary Art
C. Respnsibility Demanded f Big Cmpanies
D. Ocean Plastics Transfrmed int Sculptures
【长难句】
1. Made f 168,000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce（来源）f plastic pllutin, but they’ve recently cme under fire because mst peple dn’t need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________
3. Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic,” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they’d been dumped（倾倒） frm a truck all at nce.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________
_____
2021新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B
By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,” Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back.”
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
“My husband is the wrst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What shuld Tittertn be able t d t be a page turner?
A. Read music.B. Play the pian.
C. Sing sngs.D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
26. What des Tittertn need t practise?
A. Cunting the pages.B. Recgnizing the “ndding”.
C. Catching falling bjects.D. Perfrming in his wn style.
27. Why is Ms Rasppva’s husband “the wrse page turner”?
A. He has very pr eyesight.B. He ignres the audience.
C. He has n interest in music.D. He frgets t d his jb.
【词汇】
1.trained 2.instrument 3.require
4.repeat 5.nstage 6.indicate
7.draft 8.cncert 9.entire
10.demanding 11.recgnize 12.ignre
13.audience
【词汇答案】
1.trained adj. 训练过的
2.instrument n. 仪器；乐器；工具；器械v. 用器械（或仪器）装备；向…提交文书
3.require v. 要求；需要；命令；规定
4.repeat n. 重复；反复v. 重复；复述adj. 重复的；反复的
5.nstage adj. 台上的；台上演出的；舞台表演区的adv. 在台上；在舞台表演区
6.indicate v. 指示；象征；显示；暗示，预示v. 表明；指明
7.draft n. 草稿；草图；汇票；征兵vt. 起草；征兵；选秀adj. 酝酿中的
8.cncert n. 音乐会；一致；和谐vt. 协定；协同安排vi. 合作
9.entire adj. 全部的；完整的；全面的
10.demanding adj. 要求多的；吃力的
11.recgnize vt. 承认；认出；意识到；表示感激；识别
12.ignre vt. 忽视；不理；不顾
13.audience n. 听众；观众；读者；倾听；拥护者；正式会见
【长难句】
1. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2021新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry ( 迁徙的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival. Under this Act, all waterfwl hunters 16 years f age and ver must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price t ensure the survival f ur natural resurces.
Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme. Since 1934 better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.
28. What was a cause f the waterfwl ppulatin decline in Nrth America?
A. Lss f wetlands.B. Ppularity f water sprts.
C. Pllutin f rivers.D. Arrival f ther wild animals.
29. What des the underlined wrd “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire.B. Exprt.
C. Destry.D. Distribute.
30. What is a direct result f the Act passed in 1934?
A. The stamp price has gne dwn.B. The migratry birds have flwn away.
C. The hunters have stpped hunting.D. The gvernment has cllected mney.
31. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Federal Duck Stamp StryB. The Natinal Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits f Saving WaterfwlD. The Histry f Migratry Bird Hunting
【词汇】
1.cntinent 2.astnishing 3.variety
4.precius 5.resurce 6.decimate
7.handful 8.verly 9.ambitius
10.huse 11.waterfwl 12.destructin
13.vital 14.survival 15.annually
16.purchase 17.plitical 18.cartnist
19.appint 20.inclusin 21.available
22.generatin 23.habitat 24.cnservatin
25.initiate 26.decline 27.exprt
28.acquire 29.distribute 30.migratry
31.refuge
【词汇答案】
1.cntinent n. 大陆；洲；(the Cntinent)欧洲大陆
2. astnishing adj. 惊人的
3.variety n. 多样；种类；多样化n. 杂耍
4.precius adj. 宝贵的；珍贵的；矫揉造作的adv. 极其n. <口>宝贝，心爱的人
5.resurce n. 资源；机敏；才略；寄托；消遣
6.decimate v. 毁掉大部分；大量杀死；使骤减
7.handful n. 一把；少数；<非>难控制的人；棘手之事
8.verly adv. 过度地；极度地
9.ambitius adj. 有雄心的；野心勃勃的；有抱负的
10.huse n. 房屋；住一屋的人；机构；议院；观众；听众；黄道十二宫之一v. 给…房子住；储存(某物)；容纳；藏有
11.waterfwl n. 水鸟；水禽
12.destructin n. 破坏；毁灭
13.vital adj. 至关重要的；有活力的；生死攸关的
14.survival n. 幸存；幸存者；生存；残存物，幸存物；【人类学】(失去原有意义、作用的)残存文化特征
15.annually adv. 每年；年年
16.purchase vt. 购买n. 购买；购买的物品
17.plitical adj. 政治的；政治上的；政党的；人事的；争权夺利的
18.cartnist n. 漫画家
19.appint v. 任命；委派；指定；约定
20.inclusin n. 包含
21.available adj. 可利用的；可得到的；有空的；有效的；<贬>【政】有资格的，适合的
22.generatin n. 代；（产品类型的）代；产生；繁殖
23.habitat n. 栖息地；产地
24.cnservatin n. 保存；保护；守恒；节约
25.initiate vt. 开始；创始；启蒙；介绍加入n. 创始人adj. 新加入的；启蒙的
26.decline v. 下降；减少；变弱；拒绝；倾斜n. 衰微；跌落；晚年
27.exprt n. 输出；出口；输出品；输出存储器的信息v. 输出；出口；带走，运走；从存储器输出信息
28.acquire vt. 获得；学到；取得
29.distribute v. 分配；散发；分布
30.migratry adj. 迁移的；流浪的
31.refuge n. 避难；避难所；庇护v. 庇护；避难
【长难句】
1. When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat (栖息地).
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry (迁徒的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System-a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
6. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2021新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解D
Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感的) intellingence. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn's makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.” Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.
Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin. It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives. Emtinal intelligence, with its fcus n bth head and heart, may serve t pint us in the right directin.
32. What is a cmmn misunderstanding f emtinal intelligence?
A. It can be measured by an IQ test.B. It helps t exercise a persn’s mind.
C. It includes a set f emtinal skills.D. It refers t a persn’s psitive qualities.
33. Why des the authr mentin “dctr” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A. T explain a rule.B. T clarify a cncept.
C. T present a fact.D. T make a predictin.
34. What is the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.
C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
35. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning emtinal intelligence?
A. Its appeal t the public.B. Expectatins fr future studies.
C. Its practical applicatin.D. Scientists with new perspectives.
【词汇】
1.ppularizatin 2.riginal 3.makeup
4.character 5.mtivatin 6.mental
7.stability 8.ptimism 9.accurately
10.ptential 11.victim 12.mral
13.verall 14.publicity 15.beneficial
16.psitive 17.aspect 18.prmte
19.well-being 20.adaptively 21.cntinuing
22.appeal 23.desirable 24.excite
25.schlarly 26.perspective 27.measure
28.mentin 29.clarify 30.predictin
31.attitude 32.favrable 33.intlerant
34.expectatin 35.applicatin
【词汇答案】
1.ppularizatin n. 通俗化；平易化；普及
2.riginal adj. 原始的；最初的；有独创性的；原版的n. 原版；真品；怪人；有独创性的人n. 起源
3.makeup . 化妆品；组成；体格；性格；补充；<美>补考；[印]排版
4.character n. 个性；品质；字符；人物；名誉；地位adj. [剧](角色)代表某一特性的
5.mtivatin n. 动机；动力；刺激；积极性
6.mental adj. 思想的；心理的；精神的；脑力的n. 精神病患者
7.stability n. 稳定性；居于修道院
8.ptimism n. 乐观；乐观主义
9.accurately adv. 准确地；精确地
10.ptential adj. 潜在的；可能的n. 潜力；潜能n. 电位；电势
11.victim n. 受害者；受骗者；牺牲
12.mral adj. 道德的；精神上的n. 寓意；道德；品行；伦理
13.verall adj. 全部的；总体的；全面考虑的adv. 总的来说；总共n. 罩衫；工作服
14.publicity n. 公众的注意；宣传；宣扬；宣传品；广告
15.beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的
16.psitive adj. 积极的；肯定的；明确的；正面的；正数的；阳性的n. 正面；正数；正片；[语]原级
17.aspect n. 方面；方位；外观；外貌
18.prmte vt. 促进；提升；升迁；发起；促销，推销
19.well-being n. 康乐；安宁
20.adaptively adj. 适合的；适应的
21.cntinuing adj. 连续的；持续的；不间断的
22.appeal n. 恳求；呼吁；上诉；吸引力n. (体育比赛中)诉请裁决v. 呼吁；有吸引力；求助；诉请
23.desirable adj. 令人满意的；性感的；有吸引力的；值得的；令人向往的n. 有吸引力的人或物
24.excite vt. 使兴奋；使激动；刺激；激起
25.schlarly adj. 学术性的；学究气的；学者派头的
26.perspective n. 远景；看法；透视adj. 透视的
27.measure n. 措施；量度；尺寸；程度；办法v. 测量；比较；给予；权衡
28.mentin vt. 提到；说起n. 提及；说起
29.clarify vt. 澄清；阐明；净化
30.predictin n. 预言；预报
31.attitude n. 态度；看法；姿势
32.favrable adj. 有利的；顺利的；良好的；赞同的
33.intlerant adj. 不能容忍的；偏执的
34. expectatin n. 预料；期望
35.applicatin n. 应用；申请；专心；应用程序
【长难句】
1. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desitrble in a persn's makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.”
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
6. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
7. Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
8. It is ur hpe that in cming decades，advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________