新高考英语一轮复习教案：冠词

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习教案：冠词，共5页。
定冠词the的用法
注意读音：the desk the apple
the +单数名词，表示一类人或事物
eg: The hrse is a useful animal.
the +形容词，表示一类人或事物
eg: the pr the rich
口语中，谈话双方都知道的特定的人或事物
eg: Pass me the bk, please.
特指再次提及的人或事物
eg: He bught a bk yesterday. The bk is n the desk.
表示世界上独一无二的事物
eg: the earth the sun the mn
用在西洋乐器前（但一般不用在中国乐器前）
eg: play the pian ( play erhu )
用在姓氏复数前表示一对夫妇或一家人
eg: the Smiths
用在系数词前
eg: the first the secnd the last
用在形容词或副词的最高级前
eg: the ldest the fastest the cldest
注意区分下面两句话：
It’s the mst beautiful.
It’s mst(very) beautiful.
另外当两个形容词或副词的最高级并列修饰同一名词时，后一个最高级前the可省略
He is the tallest and (the) fastest in ur class.
用在方位词和某些表示时间的词组或习惯用语前
eg: n the left/right in the east in the middle f
in the end in the mrning/afternn/evening
in the daytime n the ther hand
表示在世纪的某个年代
eg: in the 1990’s in the 1870s
用在表示单位的名词前
eg: by the hur/day/week/mnth/year
by the yard(码)/ft(英尺)
Eggs are sld by the dzen.
(注意比较：Eggs are sld by weight.)
在某些专有名词前
eg: the Summer Palace the Red Sea
the New Yrk Times the Bible
用在表示身体部位的名词前
eg: He gave me a pat(拍) n the shulder.
不定冠词a/an的用法
注意使用：a bag an apple
an hur a useful bx an unusual day
a/an + 单数名词，表示一类人或事物
eg: A fx is a cunning(狡猾的) animal.
表示一个人或事物，起介绍作用
eg: He is a dctr.
说明事物的同一性质、特征、程度或大小 = the same
eg: The tw shirts are f a size.
Birds f a feather flck tgether.
用在表示时间或度量单位的名词前，具有“每一”的意思 = per
eg: 60 miles an hur 1000 yuan a mnth
用于人名前，表示说话人对此人不认识，也可以表示与某一名人有类似性质的人或事物
eg: A Mr. Smith（一个叫史密斯先生的人）came t see yu this mrning.
He is a LeiFeng in ur class.
He wishes t becme a Newtn.
零冠词的使用
复数名词表示一类人或事物
eg: Cws are useful animals.
在表示人名、地名、国名、季节、月份、星期几以及节日的名词前
eg: Tm Fujian China Spring May Sunday Natinal Day
但以festival表达的节日则要使用冠词 eg: the Spring Festival
一日三餐及球类前
eg: have breakfast play basketball
表示学科、棋类、颜色和感官名词前
eg: maths play chess White is a beautiful clur. Smell is ne f the five senses.
称呼语或表示身份、职位、头衔的名词前
eg: Gd mrning, bys and girls. Where is Dad, Mum?
Uncle Wang President Lincln
物质名词和抽象名词前
eg: Desks are made f wd. Failure is the mther f success.
与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前
eg: by bike by bus by sea/land/air
但如果换成其它表达就要使用冠词
eg: in a bat n the bus take a taxi
名词前有名词所有格、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、疑问词以及某些形容词(sme/ any/ many/ much / little/ a little/ few/ a few / each/ every/ either/ anther/ bth/ all/ n等)作定语时
eg: Whse purse is this?
以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时
eg: day and night pen and ink husband and wife father and sn
master and servant(仆人) heart and sul brther and sister
某些介词连接的两个相对的名词时也不用冠词
eg: face t face hand in hand step by step side by side
frm tp t bttm frm beginning t end
用as引导的让步状语从句，作为表语的名词提前且为单数时使用零冠词
eg: Child as he is, he can answer this questin.
使用冠词与不使用冠词的差异
eg: in hspital住院/in the hspital在医院 at schl/at the schl
in church作礼拜/in the church by sea乘船/by the sea
in frnt f/in the frnt f in future从今以后/in the future未来
ut f questin毫无疑问；没问题/ut f the questin不可能
使用定冠词与使用不定冠词的差异
eg: the mst imprtant meeting /a mst imprtant meeting
the third time第三次/a third time第三次+又(再)一次
in the distance在远处/at a distance稍远一些
fr the mment目前；暂时/fr a mment一会儿
a number f许多/the number f………的数量
两个或多个名词并列使用时的差异
两个或多个名词并列使用时，若指一个人或事物，则在第一个名词前加冠词，若指两个或多个不同的人或事物，则每个名词前都要加冠词。
eg: a Chinese and English dictinary一本汉英词典
a Chinese and an English dictinary 一本汉语词典和一本英语词典
He is a teacher and writer. They are a teacher and a writer.