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英语Unit 5 Languages around the world优秀同步练习题
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这是一份英语Unit 5 Languages around the world优秀同步练习题，文件包含Unit5DiscoveringUsefulStructures分层练习原卷版docx、Unit5DiscoveringUsefulStructures分层练习解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共12页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、（2024·高一课时练习）选用方框内合适的选项补全下面对话
Becky: Yu really have a large vcabulary. 1. ________
Stanley: I review a few wrds every day and write example sentences.
Becky: D yu ever wish yu had a different mther tngue?
Stanley: Nt really. 2. ________
Becky: When did yu first speak t a freign persn?
Stanley: A few years ag n my first trip abrad.
Becky: 3. ________
Stanley:Online news mstly. And smetimes magazines abut films. Reading is a gd way t imprve yur English. 4. ________
Becky:Mstly my prnunciatin — I dn't feel cnfident abut it.
【答案】 1-4 DACB
二、（2024·高一课时练习）单项语法填空
1.I'd appreciate______ if yu culd let me knw in advance whether r nt yu will cme.
2.The scenery was s beautiful that it was almst beynd ______(describe)．
3.She demanded ______(see) the headmaster immediately t settle the prblem.
4.Anyne, whether he is an fficial r a bus driver, shuld be ______(equal) respected.
5.I wuld like t give my pinin in relatin ________ this prblem.
6.I have great difficulty ______(tell) the differences between the tw wrds.
7.This is the persn ________yu are lking fr.
8.The reasn ________ he failed in the exam was that he didn't study hard.
9.I am lking frward t the day________ my daughter can read this bk
10.We shuldn't spend ur mney testing s many peple，mst f________ are healthy.
【答案】
1. it 2.descriptin 3. t see 4. equally 5. t 6. telling 7. whm/wh/that 8. why 9. when 10. whm
三、（2024·高一课时练习）根据首字母提示及句意，写出单词的正确形式
1. All the clthes in ur shp are f gd enugh q ______.
2. The cuple ffered a $2000 r______ fr infrmatin abut their lst daughter.
3. It was shrtly befre midnight when the terrrists a ______.
4. The Independent Labur Party was f______ in Bradfrd n January 13, 1893.
5. This club has been calling fr e ________ rights t wmen fr many years.
6. Yu’ll never get any supprt frm her; she’s very s______.
7. It seems many peple wuld v______ fr the gvernment.
8. It takes patience fr parents t e______ children.
【答案】
1. quality 2. reward 3. attacked 4. funded 5. equal 6. selfish 7. vte 8. educate
知识应用
四、（2024·龙西北高中名校联盟）阅读理解
Peple’s first memries are all autbigraphical (自传式的), r memries f significant experiences in their lives, and these events typically didn’t happen befre the age f 2 r 3. In fact, mst peple can’t remember things frm the first few years f their lives—a phenmenn researchers have called infantile amnesia.
Hwever, research suggests that infants (婴儿) can frm ther kinds f memries. Within the first few days f life, infants can recall their wn mther’s face and distinguish it frm the face f a stranger. A few mnths later, infants can demnstrate that they remember lts f familiar faces by smiling mst at the nes they see mst ften.
But if s, why d peple experience infantile amnesia? Thugh it still isn’t clear whether it’s because we can’t frm autbigraphical memries, r whether we just have n way t retrieve (找回) them, scientists have a few guesses.
One is that autbigraphical memries require yu t have sme sense f self. Researchers have tested this ability using a mirrr recgnitin task called the ruge test. It invlves marking a baby’s nse with a spt f red lipstick.
Researchers then place the infant in frnt f a mirrr. Infants yunger than 18 mnths just smile at the baby in the reflectin, nt shwing any evidence f recgnizing themselves r the red mark n their face. Between 18 and 24 mnths, infants tuch their wn nse, even lking embarrassed, suggesting that they cnnect the red dt in the mirrr with their wn face—they start t frm sme sense f self.
Anther pssible explanatin is that because infants dn’t have language until later in the secnd year f life, they can’t frm narratives abut their wn lives that they can later recall. Finally, the hippcampus (海马体), which is the regin f the brain that’s largely respnsible fr memry, isn’t fully develped in the infancy perid.
Scientists will cntinue t investigate hw these factrs may cntribute t infantile amnesia.
12. What can infants d in their first few mnths?
A. Memrize mst f their family members.
B. Distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar faces.
C. Remember a string f events frm the recent past.
D. Identify their wn reflectins in the mirrr.
13. What d infants tend t d after 18 mnths accrding t the ruge test?
A. See their reflectins as themselves.
B. Ignre the marks n their faces.
C. Enjy playing with their reflectins.
D. Shw a strng interest in the mirrr.
14. What culd be a cause f infantile amnesia, accrding t the text?
A. Infants’ inability t recall memries.
B. Infants’ immature hippcampus.
C. Infants’ undevelped cmmunicatin skills.
D. Infants’ unsteady autbigraphical memries.
15. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. When d babies start remembering things?
B. Why is it hard t retrieve lst memries?
C. Hw d kids frm their first memries?
D. Why can’t we remember being a baby?
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了婴儿期的遗忘现象，即婴儿时期的记忆称为“婴儿遗忘症”，并列举了几种可能的解释，包括自我意识的发展、语言的缺乏以及海马体的未完全发育等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Within the first few days f life, infants can recall their wn mther’s face and distinguish it frm the face f a stranger. A few mnths later, infants can demnstrate that they remember lts f familiar faces by smiling mst at the nes they see mst ften.(在生命的最初几天里，婴儿可以回忆起自己母亲的脸，并将其与陌生人的脸区分开来。几个月后，婴儿可以通过对他们最常看到的面孔微笑来证明他们记得很多熟悉的面孔)”可知，在出生的前几个月里，婴儿可以辨别熟悉和不熟悉的面孔。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Infants yunger than 18 mnths just smile at the baby in the reflectin, nt shwing any evidence f recgnizing themselves r the red mark n their face.( 18个月以下的婴儿只是对着镜子中的婴儿微笑，没有任何迹象表明他们认识自己或脸上的红色标记。)”以及“ Between 18 and 24 mnths, infants tuch their wn nse, even lking embarrassed, suggesting that they cnnect the red dt in the mirrr with their wn face—they start t frm sme sense f self.(在18到24个月之间，婴儿摸自己的鼻子，甚至看起来很尴尬，这表明他们把镜子里的红点和自己的脸联系在一起——他们开始形成某种自我意识。)”可知，在实验测试期间，18个月之后的婴儿会触摸自己的鼻子，甚至感到尴尬，表明他们将镜子中的红点与自己的脸联系起来，开始形成一定的自我意识，即认出了自己。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Finally, the hippcampus (海马体), which is the regin f the brain that’s largely respnsible fr memry, isn’t fully develped in the infancy perid. (最后，海马体，大脑中主要负责记忆的区域，在婴儿时期并没有完全发育。)”可知，“婴儿遗忘症”的一个可能原因是婴儿的海马体不成熟。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“In fact, mst peple can’t remember things frm the first few years f their lives—a phenmenn researchers have called infantile amnesia.(事实上，大多数人都不记得生命最初几年的事情——研究人员将这种现象称为婴儿健忘症。)”以及通读全文，文章介绍了婴儿期的遗忘现象，并列举了几种可能的解释，包括自我意识的发展、语言的缺乏以及海马体的未完全发育等。D选项“Why can’t we remember being a baby?( 为什么我们不记得自己是婴儿？)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章的标题，故选D。
五、（2024·山东高中名校）阅读理解
What if yur next jb is just a weak tie away? A recent study, cnducted by a team frm Stanfrd University and LinkedIn, revealed that weaker scial cnnectins have a greater beneficial effect n jb mbility (流动性) than strnger ties. Stanfrd Prfessr Erik Brysn suggests a practical utcme f this study is t encurage jb seekers t expand their reach beynd immediate friends and clleagues. Weak ties, he explains, ften prvide mre unique, beneficial infrmatin and cnnectins.
The advantage f weak ties thery is based n the idea that weak ties allw distant grup f peple t access nvel infrmatin that can lead t new pprtunities and innvatin. Weak ties are mre likely t intrduce new jb infrmatin t a wider scial netwrk.
The research team cnducted a five-year experimental study with LinkedIn, invlving 20 millin glbal participants and 600,000 new jbs created. Using LinkedIn’s “Peple Yu May Knw” (PYMK) algrithm (算法), the researchers tested the weak tie thery’s impact n the jb market. The team randmly assigned LinkedIn users t receive either mre weak r strng tie recmmendatins frm the PYMK algrithm, then tracked the labr mbility f these grups ver five years.
Their findings cnfirm that weaker ties enhance jb mbility. Besides, the researchers lked at differences acrss industries and fund that adding weak ties creates significantly mre jb pprtunities in digital and high-tech industries. “This may reflect the fact that there is mre rapid change and need fr nvel infrmatin and cnnectins in thse industries,” Brysn said.
He pints ut that the traditinal methds used by plicymakers t analyze labr markets are quickly becming utdated. “They need t recgnize that the labr market, like all aspects f the ecnmy, is being digitized,” Brysn said. “It is imprtant that we understand hw the algrithms used by digital platfrms like LinkedIn impact the labr market.”
12. Accrding t paragraph 1, what shuld jb seekers d?
A. Expand netwrk t include weak ties.B. Limit the search t their current industry.
C. Strengthen cnnectins with clse friends.D. Rely n strng cnnectins fr pprtunities.
13. Hw did the researchers test the weak tie thery?
A. By carrying ut n line surveys.B. By interviewing LinkedIn emplyers.
C. By tracking user data and jb mbility.D. By cnducting a large-scale jb fair.
14. What can we learn abut digital and high-tech industries?
A. They are fast-paced and value nvelty.B. They cause weak ties amng emplyees.
C. Strng ties are the main surce f mbility.D. Weak ties d nt cntribute t jb mbility.
15. What might Brysn advise plicymakers t d?
A. Priritize traditinal methds nly.B. Ignre the impact f digital platfrms.
C. Recgnize the influence f digitizatin.D. Understand the rules n digital platfrms.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明较弱的社会关系比较强的社会关系对工作流动性有更大的有利影响，鼓励求职者将自己的联系范围扩大到直接的朋友和同事之外。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及研究发现带来的启示。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Stanfrd Prfessr Erik Brysn suggests a practical utcme f this study is t encurage jb seekers t expand their reach beynd immediate friends and clleagues. Weak ties, he explains, ften prvide mre unique, beneficial infrmatin and cnnectins.(斯坦福大学教授Erik Brysn表示，这项研究的一个实际结果是，鼓励求职者将自己的联系范围扩大到直接的朋友和同事之外。他解释说，弱关系通常能提供更独特、更有益的信息和联系)”可知，求职者应该扩大关系网，包括弱关系。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The team randmly assigned LinkedIn users t receive either mre weak r strng tie recmmendatins frm the PYMK algrithm, then tracked the labr mbility f these grups ver five years.(该团队随机分配领英用户，让他们接受PYMK算法给出的更弱或更强的联系推荐，然后在五年内追踪这些群体的劳动力流动性)”以及第四段“Their findings cnfirm that weaker ties enhance jb mbility.(他们的研究结果证实，较弱的关系增强了工作流动性)”可知，研究人员通过跟踪用户数据和工作流动性检验弱联系理论。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This may reflect the fact that there is mre rapid change and need fr nvel infrmatin and cnnectins in thse industries(这可能反映了这样一个事实，即这些行业的变化更快，对新信息和联系的需求也更大)”可知，数字和高科技产业节奏快，重视新鲜感。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is imprtant that we understand hw the algrithms used by digital platfrms like LinkedIn impact the labr market.(重要的是，我们要了解LinkedIn等数字平台使用的算法是如何影响劳动力市场的)”可知，Brysn建议政策制定者认识到数字化的影响。故选C。
六、（2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）读后续写
Kelly is a nurse. Her kidney (肾脏) prved t be a perfect match fr her cusin, Dana, wh is a teacher. Her kidney had wrsened t the pint where she required a transplant (移植). As Kelly tld Dana, “I’m in gd health and I almst never get sick r ill. It seems that I can be a dnr fr yu.” Dana was wild with jy.
Later n a Thursday afternn, after spending the first f tw days underging tests t cnfirm her kidney was a match fr Dana, Kelly gt a call frm a Cleveland Clinic caregiver. They were canceling the secnd day f her tests. A CT scan revealed the presence f a tumr (肿瘤) n Kelly’s right kidney.
Kelly was shcked abut the discvery and cncerned she might n lnger be a dnr available fr Dana. That meant that Kelly had t have an peratin t remve the tumr, unable t dnate her kidney. Meanwhile Dana had t wait fr sme ther dnrs fr a matchable kidney, which was really hard t find. Dana was thrwn back t desperatin.
The cusins were at a lss. But their dctrs wuldn’t give up. They tried every pssible means t find a slutin that culd satisfy bth sides, treating Kelly’s illness and ffering Dana transplanting. But the bad news was that there had been few such reprted cases.
Determined t slve this difficult prblem, Dr. Wee, directr f the Kidney Transplant Prgram, held meetings with a team f specialists t discuss ver details f the case and best steps t mve frward. They wrked day and night t search fr related infrmatin and make analysis. Seeing the devtin f the experts, Kelly and Dana felt the flame f hpe returning t their hearts.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After many meetings, the medical team felt cnfident t treat the tw patients at the same time.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The cusins recvered frm their surgeries.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
After many meetings, the medical team felt cnfident t treat the tw patients at the same time. Dr. Wee tld the cusins that with their expertise they culd deal with their situatins at the same time. First, they safely remved Kelley’s right kidney with the tumr in it. Then they remved the tumr frm the kidney. After the repair and recnstructin, and with mre than 95% f the healthy kidney remaining. Dr. Wee transplanted it int Dana. It turned ut the win-win practice, a breakthrugh in similar medical cases.
The cusins recvered frm their surgeries. “I have an verwhelming sense f gratitude t Kelly and all the dctrs and thankfulness fr the pprtunity I’ve been given.” said Dana. “Nw I have the pprtunity t see my three sns marry, and have their children. Thse are what I might nt have been able t lk frward t befre.” Dana, with a perfectly functining kidney, planned t return t her teaching jb in the next spring. Kelly felt blessed t have had her tumr remved while helping her cusin t recver with a transplant.
【解析】
【导语】本文以Kelly为线索展开，讲述了她作为一名护士，发现自己的肾脏与表亲Dana匹配，决定为其捐献。然而，在捐献前的检查中，医生发现Kelly的肾脏上长有肿瘤，导致她可能无法捐献。这个消息让Kelly和急需肾脏移植的Dana都陷入了困境。医生和专家们面临难题，但他们并没有放弃，而是努力寻找解决方案。最终，肾脏移植项目主任Dr. Wee领导专家团队，夜以继日地寻找相关信息，为解决问题而努力。看到专家们的奉献，Kelly和Dana重新燃起了希望。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“经过多次会议，医疗团队有信心同时治疗两名患者。”可知，第一段可描写医生们怎么同时拯救了他们两人。
②由第二段首句内容“这对表兄弟从手术中恢复过来。”可知，第二段可描写Dana对Kelly和医生的感谢，以及Kelly的感受。
2. 续写线索：多次会议——有信心救两人——开始手术——手术成功——感谢。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①处理：deal with/handle
②修理：repair/restre
③计划重返：plan t return/intend t g back
情绪类
①感激：gratitude/appreciatin
②好运的：blessed/lucky
【点睛】[高分句型1]Dr. Wee tld the cusins that with their expertise they culd deal with their situatins at the same time.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Thse are what I might nt have been able t lk frward t befre.(what引导的表语从句)
A. But I wish I had learnt English earlier.
B. By the way, what d yu wrry abut when learning English?
C. What type f things d yu read in English?
D. What kind f activities help yu learn new wrds?
一、（2024·高一课时练习）选用方框内合适的选项补全下面对话
Becky: Yu really have a large vcabulary. 1. ________
Stanley: I review a few wrds every day and write example sentences.
Becky: D yu ever wish yu had a different mther tngue?
Stanley: Nt really. 2. ________
Becky: When did yu first speak t a freign persn?
Stanley: A few years ag n my first trip abrad.
Becky: 3. ________
Stanley:Online news mstly. And smetimes magazines abut films. Reading is a gd way t imprve yur English. 4. ________
Becky:Mstly my prnunciatin — I dn't feel cnfident abut it.
【答案】 1-4 DACB
二、（2024·高一课时练习）单项语法填空
1.I'd appreciate______ if yu culd let me knw in advance whether r nt yu will cme.
2.The scenery was s beautiful that it was almst beynd ______(describe)．
3.She demanded ______(see) the headmaster immediately t settle the prblem.
4.Anyne, whether he is an fficial r a bus driver, shuld be ______(equal) respected.
5.I wuld like t give my pinin in relatin ________ this prblem.
6.I have great difficulty ______(tell) the differences between the tw wrds.
7.This is the persn ________yu are lking fr.
8.The reasn ________ he failed in the exam was that he didn't study hard.
9.I am lking frward t the day________ my daughter can read this bk
10.We shuldn't spend ur mney testing s many peple，mst f________ are healthy.
【答案】
1. it 2.descriptin 3. t see 4. equally 5. t 6. telling 7. whm/wh/that 8. why 9. when 10. whm
三、（2024·高一课时练习）根据首字母提示及句意，写出单词的正确形式
1. All the clthes in ur shp are f gd enugh q ______.
2. The cuple ffered a $2000 r______ fr infrmatin abut their lst daughter.
3. It was shrtly befre midnight when the terrrists a ______.
4. The Independent Labur Party was f______ in Bradfrd n January 13, 1893.
5. This club has been calling fr e ________ rights t wmen fr many years.
6. Yu’ll never get any supprt frm her; she’s very s______.
7. It seems many peple wuld v______ fr the gvernment.
8. It takes patience fr parents t e______ children.
【答案】
1. quality 2. reward 3. attacked 4. funded 5. equal 6. selfish 7. vte 8. educate
知识应用
四、（2024·龙西北高中名校联盟）阅读理解
Peple’s first memries are all autbigraphical (自传式的), r memries f significant experiences in their lives, and these events typically didn’t happen befre the age f 2 r 3. In fact, mst peple can’t remember things frm the first few years f their lives—a phenmenn researchers have called infantile amnesia.
Hwever, research suggests that infants (婴儿) can frm ther kinds f memries. Within the first few days f life, infants can recall their wn mther’s face and distinguish it frm the face f a stranger. A few mnths later, infants can demnstrate that they remember lts f familiar faces by smiling mst at the nes they see mst ften.
But if s, why d peple experience infantile amnesia? Thugh it still isn’t clear whether it’s because we can’t frm autbigraphical memries, r whether we just have n way t retrieve (找回) them, scientists have a few guesses.
One is that autbigraphical memries require yu t have sme sense f self. Researchers have tested this ability using a mirrr recgnitin task called the ruge test. It invlves marking a baby’s nse with a spt f red lipstick.
Researchers then place the infant in frnt f a mirrr. Infants yunger than 18 mnths just smile at the baby in the reflectin, nt shwing any evidence f recgnizing themselves r the red mark n their face. Between 18 and 24 mnths, infants tuch their wn nse, even lking embarrassed, suggesting that they cnnect the red dt in the mirrr with their wn face—they start t frm sme sense f self.
Anther pssible explanatin is that because infants dn’t have language until later in the secnd year f life, they can’t frm narratives abut their wn lives that they can later recall. Finally, the hippcampus (海马体), which is the regin f the brain that’s largely respnsible fr memry, isn’t fully develped in the infancy perid.
Scientists will cntinue t investigate hw these factrs may cntribute t infantile amnesia.
12. What can infants d in their first few mnths?
A. Memrize mst f their family members.
B. Distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar faces.
C. Remember a string f events frm the recent past.
D. Identify their wn reflectins in the mirrr.
13. What d infants tend t d after 18 mnths accrding t the ruge test?
A. See their reflectins as themselves.
B. Ignre the marks n their faces.
C. Enjy playing with their reflectins.
D. Shw a strng interest in the mirrr.
14. What culd be a cause f infantile amnesia, accrding t the text?
A. Infants’ inability t recall memries.
B. Infants’ immature hippcampus.
C. Infants’ undevelped cmmunicatin skills.
D. Infants’ unsteady autbigraphical memries.
15. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. When d babies start remembering things?
B. Why is it hard t retrieve lst memries?
C. Hw d kids frm their first memries?
D. Why can’t we remember being a baby?
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了婴儿期的遗忘现象，即婴儿时期的记忆称为“婴儿遗忘症”，并列举了几种可能的解释，包括自我意识的发展、语言的缺乏以及海马体的未完全发育等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Within the first few days f life, infants can recall their wn mther’s face and distinguish it frm the face f a stranger. A few mnths later, infants can demnstrate that they remember lts f familiar faces by smiling mst at the nes they see mst ften.(在生命的最初几天里，婴儿可以回忆起自己母亲的脸，并将其与陌生人的脸区分开来。几个月后，婴儿可以通过对他们最常看到的面孔微笑来证明他们记得很多熟悉的面孔)”可知，在出生的前几个月里，婴儿可以辨别熟悉和不熟悉的面孔。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Infants yunger than 18 mnths just smile at the baby in the reflectin, nt shwing any evidence f recgnizing themselves r the red mark n their face.( 18个月以下的婴儿只是对着镜子中的婴儿微笑，没有任何迹象表明他们认识自己或脸上的红色标记。)”以及“ Between 18 and 24 mnths, infants tuch their wn nse, even lking embarrassed, suggesting that they cnnect the red dt in the mirrr with their wn face—they start t frm sme sense f self.(在18到24个月之间，婴儿摸自己的鼻子，甚至看起来很尴尬，这表明他们把镜子里的红点和自己的脸联系在一起——他们开始形成某种自我意识。)”可知，在实验测试期间，18个月之后的婴儿会触摸自己的鼻子，甚至感到尴尬，表明他们将镜子中的红点与自己的脸联系起来，开始形成一定的自我意识，即认出了自己。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Finally, the hippcampus (海马体), which is the regin f the brain that’s largely respnsible fr memry, isn’t fully develped in the infancy perid. (最后，海马体，大脑中主要负责记忆的区域，在婴儿时期并没有完全发育。)”可知，“婴儿遗忘症”的一个可能原因是婴儿的海马体不成熟。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“In fact, mst peple can’t remember things frm the first few years f their lives—a phenmenn researchers have called infantile amnesia.(事实上，大多数人都不记得生命最初几年的事情——研究人员将这种现象称为婴儿健忘症。)”以及通读全文，文章介绍了婴儿期的遗忘现象，并列举了几种可能的解释，包括自我意识的发展、语言的缺乏以及海马体的未完全发育等。D选项“Why can’t we remember being a baby?( 为什么我们不记得自己是婴儿？)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章的标题，故选D。
五、（2024·山东高中名校）阅读理解
What if yur next jb is just a weak tie away? A recent study, cnducted by a team frm Stanfrd University and LinkedIn, revealed that weaker scial cnnectins have a greater beneficial effect n jb mbility (流动性) than strnger ties. Stanfrd Prfessr Erik Brysn suggests a practical utcme f this study is t encurage jb seekers t expand their reach beynd immediate friends and clleagues. Weak ties, he explains, ften prvide mre unique, beneficial infrmatin and cnnectins.
The advantage f weak ties thery is based n the idea that weak ties allw distant grup f peple t access nvel infrmatin that can lead t new pprtunities and innvatin. Weak ties are mre likely t intrduce new jb infrmatin t a wider scial netwrk.
The research team cnducted a five-year experimental study with LinkedIn, invlving 20 millin glbal participants and 600,000 new jbs created. Using LinkedIn’s “Peple Yu May Knw” (PYMK) algrithm (算法), the researchers tested the weak tie thery’s impact n the jb market. The team randmly assigned LinkedIn users t receive either mre weak r strng tie recmmendatins frm the PYMK algrithm, then tracked the labr mbility f these grups ver five years.
Their findings cnfirm that weaker ties enhance jb mbility. Besides, the researchers lked at differences acrss industries and fund that adding weak ties creates significantly mre jb pprtunities in digital and high-tech industries. “This may reflect the fact that there is mre rapid change and need fr nvel infrmatin and cnnectins in thse industries,” Brysn said.
He pints ut that the traditinal methds used by plicymakers t analyze labr markets are quickly becming utdated. “They need t recgnize that the labr market, like all aspects f the ecnmy, is being digitized,” Brysn said. “It is imprtant that we understand hw the algrithms used by digital platfrms like LinkedIn impact the labr market.”
12. Accrding t paragraph 1, what shuld jb seekers d?
A. Expand netwrk t include weak ties.B. Limit the search t their current industry.
C. Strengthen cnnectins with clse friends.D. Rely n strng cnnectins fr pprtunities.
13. Hw did the researchers test the weak tie thery?
A. By carrying ut n line surveys.B. By interviewing LinkedIn emplyers.
C. By tracking user data and jb mbility.D. By cnducting a large-scale jb fair.
14. What can we learn abut digital and high-tech industries?
A. They are fast-paced and value nvelty.B. They cause weak ties amng emplyees.
C. Strng ties are the main surce f mbility.D. Weak ties d nt cntribute t jb mbility.
15. What might Brysn advise plicymakers t d?
A. Priritize traditinal methds nly.B. Ignre the impact f digital platfrms.
C. Recgnize the influence f digitizatin.D. Understand the rules n digital platfrms.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明较弱的社会关系比较强的社会关系对工作流动性有更大的有利影响，鼓励求职者将自己的联系范围扩大到直接的朋友和同事之外。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及研究发现带来的启示。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Stanfrd Prfessr Erik Brysn suggests a practical utcme f this study is t encurage jb seekers t expand their reach beynd immediate friends and clleagues. Weak ties, he explains, ften prvide mre unique, beneficial infrmatin and cnnectins.(斯坦福大学教授Erik Brysn表示，这项研究的一个实际结果是，鼓励求职者将自己的联系范围扩大到直接的朋友和同事之外。他解释说，弱关系通常能提供更独特、更有益的信息和联系)”可知，求职者应该扩大关系网，包括弱关系。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The team randmly assigned LinkedIn users t receive either mre weak r strng tie recmmendatins frm the PYMK algrithm, then tracked the labr mbility f these grups ver five years.(该团队随机分配领英用户，让他们接受PYMK算法给出的更弱或更强的联系推荐，然后在五年内追踪这些群体的劳动力流动性)”以及第四段“Their findings cnfirm that weaker ties enhance jb mbility.(他们的研究结果证实，较弱的关系增强了工作流动性)”可知，研究人员通过跟踪用户数据和工作流动性检验弱联系理论。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This may reflect the fact that there is mre rapid change and need fr nvel infrmatin and cnnectins in thse industries(这可能反映了这样一个事实，即这些行业的变化更快，对新信息和联系的需求也更大)”可知，数字和高科技产业节奏快，重视新鲜感。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is imprtant that we understand hw the algrithms used by digital platfrms like LinkedIn impact the labr market.(重要的是，我们要了解LinkedIn等数字平台使用的算法是如何影响劳动力市场的)”可知，Brysn建议政策制定者认识到数字化的影响。故选C。
六、（2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）读后续写
Kelly is a nurse. Her kidney (肾脏) prved t be a perfect match fr her cusin, Dana, wh is a teacher. Her kidney had wrsened t the pint where she required a transplant (移植). As Kelly tld Dana, “I’m in gd health and I almst never get sick r ill. It seems that I can be a dnr fr yu.” Dana was wild with jy.
Later n a Thursday afternn, after spending the first f tw days underging tests t cnfirm her kidney was a match fr Dana, Kelly gt a call frm a Cleveland Clinic caregiver. They were canceling the secnd day f her tests. A CT scan revealed the presence f a tumr (肿瘤) n Kelly’s right kidney.
Kelly was shcked abut the discvery and cncerned she might n lnger be a dnr available fr Dana. That meant that Kelly had t have an peratin t remve the tumr, unable t dnate her kidney. Meanwhile Dana had t wait fr sme ther dnrs fr a matchable kidney, which was really hard t find. Dana was thrwn back t desperatin.
The cusins were at a lss. But their dctrs wuldn’t give up. They tried every pssible means t find a slutin that culd satisfy bth sides, treating Kelly’s illness and ffering Dana transplanting. But the bad news was that there had been few such reprted cases.
Determined t slve this difficult prblem, Dr. Wee, directr f the Kidney Transplant Prgram, held meetings with a team f specialists t discuss ver details f the case and best steps t mve frward. They wrked day and night t search fr related infrmatin and make analysis. Seeing the devtin f the experts, Kelly and Dana felt the flame f hpe returning t their hearts.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After many meetings, the medical team felt cnfident t treat the tw patients at the same time.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The cusins recvered frm their surgeries.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
After many meetings, the medical team felt cnfident t treat the tw patients at the same time. Dr. Wee tld the cusins that with their expertise they culd deal with their situatins at the same time. First, they safely remved Kelley’s right kidney with the tumr in it. Then they remved the tumr frm the kidney. After the repair and recnstructin, and with mre than 95% f the healthy kidney remaining. Dr. Wee transplanted it int Dana. It turned ut the win-win practice, a breakthrugh in similar medical cases.
The cusins recvered frm their surgeries. “I have an verwhelming sense f gratitude t Kelly and all the dctrs and thankfulness fr the pprtunity I’ve been given.” said Dana. “Nw I have the pprtunity t see my three sns marry, and have their children. Thse are what I might nt have been able t lk frward t befre.” Dana, with a perfectly functining kidney, planned t return t her teaching jb in the next spring. Kelly felt blessed t have had her tumr remved while helping her cusin t recver with a transplant.
【解析】
【导语】本文以Kelly为线索展开，讲述了她作为一名护士，发现自己的肾脏与表亲Dana匹配，决定为其捐献。然而，在捐献前的检查中，医生发现Kelly的肾脏上长有肿瘤，导致她可能无法捐献。这个消息让Kelly和急需肾脏移植的Dana都陷入了困境。医生和专家们面临难题，但他们并没有放弃，而是努力寻找解决方案。最终，肾脏移植项目主任Dr. Wee领导专家团队，夜以继日地寻找相关信息，为解决问题而努力。看到专家们的奉献，Kelly和Dana重新燃起了希望。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“经过多次会议，医疗团队有信心同时治疗两名患者。”可知，第一段可描写医生们怎么同时拯救了他们两人。
②由第二段首句内容“这对表兄弟从手术中恢复过来。”可知，第二段可描写Dana对Kelly和医生的感谢，以及Kelly的感受。
2. 续写线索：多次会议——有信心救两人——开始手术——手术成功——感谢。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①处理：deal with/handle
②修理：repair/restre
③计划重返：plan t return/intend t g back
情绪类
①感激：gratitude/appreciatin
②好运的：blessed/lucky
【点睛】[高分句型1]Dr. Wee tld the cusins that with their expertise they culd deal with their situatins at the same time.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Thse are what I might nt have been able t lk frward t befre.(what引导的表语从句)
A. But I wish I had learnt English earlier.
B. By the way, what d yu wrry abut when learning English?
C. What type f things d yu read in English?
D. What kind f activities help yu learn new wrds?
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