热点07 生态环保之阅读理解押题-2025年高考英语 （原卷版+解析版）

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纵览2023年新高考I卷A篇的自行车租赁，引导学生培养绿色生活理念和环保意识，B篇的生态设计，引导学生发现问题、解决问题，养成科学探究的精神，由此可知生态环保是高考英语的重点考查内容。体现了“立德树人、服务选才、引导教学”的核心功能。预测2024年高考阅读理解部分仍然会涉及到生态环保的话题。
说明文是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，它以说明为主要表达方式，通过解说事物或阐明事理，达到教人以知识的目的，在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序(如时间、空间、从现象到本质)进行说明。
阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理，了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等，了解事理的含意、特点等。最近五年，说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前沿问题;高科技领域的科研成果;人们比较关心的社会问题，人文方面的经典。由于阅读理解题的设置采用渐进式，即由简到难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的，通常后置。阅读理解试题的中要考点之一是考查学生对词汇和句式的掌握。
说明文的词汇和句式的运用较别的体裁的文章难度更大。词汇运用灵活，同一词的不同词性的用法交替出现，未列入考纲的生词较多，通常达到了 4-5%。不过考生可以通过说明文的语言特点来帮助理解语篇，例如，下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、上下义词以及标点符号(如破折号、冒号都有表示解释和说明)等。
典例分析
（2023·新高考I卷B）When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
1．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was fnd f traveling.B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind.D．He lnged t be a dctr.
2．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A．T feed the animals.B．T build an ecsystem.
C．T prtect the plants.D．T test the ec-machine.
3．What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A．T review Jhn’s research plans.B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D．T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
4．What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A．Nature can repair itself.B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse.D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
（建议用时：8分钟/篇）
1.（2023·辽宁·统考三模）With an abundance f sun and wind, Spain is psitining itself as Eurpe’s future leader in green hydrgen prductin t clean up heavy industries. But sme energy experts express cautin because this prcess relies n massive availability f zer-carbn electricity.
Green hydrgen is created when renewable energy surces pwer an electrical current that runs thrugh water, separating its hydrgen and xygen mlecules (分子). The prcess desn’t prduce planet-warming carbn dixide, but less than 0.1% f glbal hydrgen prductin is currently created in this way.
The separated hydrgen can be used in the prductin f steel, ammnia (氨) and chemical prducts, all f which require industrial prcesses that are harder t stp fssil fuels. Hydrgen als can be used as a transprtatin fuel, which culd ne day transfrm the highly plluting shipping and aviatin sectrs.
Spain’s large, windswept and thinly ppulated territry receives mre than 2,500 hurs f sunshine n average per year, prviding ideal cnditins fr wind and slar energy, and therefre green hydrgen prductin.
“If yu lk at where hydrgen is ging t be prduced in Eurpe in the next millin years, it’s in tw cuntries, Spain and Prtugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the funder and president f HyDeal Ambitin, an industry platfrm bringing tgether 30 cmpanies. “Hydrgen is the new il.”
Lepercq is wrking with cmpanies like Spanish gas pipeline crpratin Enagas and glbal steel giant ArcelrMittal t design an end-t-end mdel fr hydrgen prductin, distributin and supply at a cmpetitive price. Criticism has centered n green hydrgen’s higher cst cmpared with highly-plluting “gray hydrgen” drawn frm natural gas. Lepercq argues that slar energy prduced in Spain is priced lw enugh t cmpete.
Glbally, Lepercq said, “Electricity is 20% f energy cnsumptin. What abut the 80% that is nt electrified? ... Yu need t replace thse fssil fuels. Nt in 50 years’ time. Yu need t replace them nw.”
1．Why are sme experts cautius abut green hydrgen prductin in Spain?
A．It needs large amunts f sun and wind.B．It has an effect n heavy industries.
C．It causes cnflicts amng cuntries.D．It uses lts f zer-carbn electricity.
2．What is the advantage f green hydrgen prductin in Spain?
A．Ideal gegraphical cnditins.B．The supprt frm gvernment.
C．Hydrgen prductin technlgy.D．Well-develped public transprts.
3．What can be inferred abut green hydrgen in Spain accrding t Lepercq?
A．It is highly priced.B．It is easy t stre.
C．It is cmpetitive.D．It is highly-plluting.
4．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Spain manages t use zer-carbn electricity.B．Spain struggles t lead EU in heavy industry.
C．Spain takes the lead in preventing air pllutin.D．Spain replaces fssil fuel with green hydrgen.
2.（2023·江苏·统考二模）On a ht summer afternn alng the Mandavi River, Shweta Hule wraps her sari arund her ankles and bends t pick wild “weeds” frm the river and drp them int a bwl. The plants will be made int fritters (炸果饼), t be served at the little restaurant attached t the B&B Hule manages in the Indian castal twn f Vengurla.
Wild edible (可食用的) plants are cmmn in kitchens here. Hule’s weed is juicy, which is fund in mangrve frests. Harvesting sme f the plant is helping cnserve the mangrves, a glbally endangered ecsystem f salt-tlerant trees that stp castal ersin (侵蚀) and absrb strm damage.
Hule is head f Swamini, a self-help grup set up by nine wmen frm a fishing cmmunity in Vengurla wh started Mandavi Ec Turism in 2017. Vengurla is knwn fr its beautiful beaches and seafd, but the climate crisis has made fishing fr a living unsustainable, s peple are trying t find ther surces f incme. They came up with the idea f running mangrve safaris (观光游) fr turists in Vengurla’s Mandavi River.
The safaris ffer visitrs a unique hur-lng tur f the mangrves. Fd has als becme a key attractin: lcal spicy ccnut curries, with hmegrwn r wild vegetables. Turists are encuraged t g crabbing, and their catch is cked and served.
Hule nly discvered recently that the weed was edible when she met turists frm anther castal city. She researched these leaves and learned that the salty plant is rich in vitamins. She made her wn versin f the fritters, with chickpea flur, and presented it at the wild vegetable festival. “It was an instant hit. This bsted the cnfidence t include these fritters in ur restaurant menu,” says Hule.
Swamini’s ldging huse als serves vegetarian meals and plates f fish and crab surced frm the river. “The satisfactin after the visitrs enjy ur meal is the real currency. We had guests frm Lndn wh were s happy with ur fd that they tk dwn the recipe. Such peple help ur business grw. What mre can we want?” says Hule.
5．Which f the fllwing can best describe the example f Shweta Hule?
A．D as the Rmans d.
B．Strike while the irn is ht.
C．Kill tw birds with ne stne.
D．Bite ff mre than yu can chew.
6．What des Swamini ffer t visitrs?
A．Ec-turs and accmmdatin.
B．Fishing guide service.
C．Vegetable grwing techniques.
D．Hands-n cking classes.
7．Why were Hule’s fritters well-received?
A．They were less expensive.
B．They were traditinal.
C．They had their wn features.
D．They gt strngly prmted.
8．Hw did Hule feel abut turists’ btaining her fd recipe?
A．Lst.B．Prud.C．Wrried.D．Curius.
3.（2023·广东梅州·统考三模）Farming is destrying the planet. But there culd be a much mre envirnmentally friendly way t feed urselves: using renewable energy t turn carbn dixide (CO2) int fd.
“This is becming a reality,” says Pasi Vainikka at Slar Fds. The cmpany is building the first cmmercial-scale factry, near Helsinki in Finland, which will be able t make fd directly frm CO2.
At the factry, renewable electricity will be used t break dwn water t prduce hydrgen and xygen. The hydrgen will be added t large cntainers, where the bacteria grw, alng with CO2 and ammnia(NH3) t prvide carbn and nitrgen separately. Sme f the CO2 will be taken directly frm the air at a visitrs’ centre at the factry, Vainikka says, and the rest will cme frm industrial surces. The end result will be a yellw pwder called Slein that is made f bacterial cells and is up t 70 per cent prtein. It can be used as an ingredient in all kinds f fds, frm meat alternatives t grains and snacks. “We are aiming at replacing animal-surced prteins, which we think have the highest envirnmental impact,” says Vainikka.
Slein was apprved as a fd ingredient in Singapre in Octber 2022, and Slar Fds is awaiting apprval in the UK, the Eurpean Unin and the US.
Cmpared with plant crps, Slein will use 100 times less water per kilgram f prtein prduced, 20 times less land—including the land used fr energy prductin—and prduce a fifth as much CO2, accrding t Slar Fds. Cmpared with beef, a kilgram f prtein can be prduced using 600 times less water and 200 times less land, again cunting the land used fr energy prductin, while prducing 200 times less CO2, says the cmpany.
There are ther benefits, t: factries culd be situated anywhere in the wrld and prductin wn’t be affected by weather extremes. “With Slar Fds and ther cmpanies scaling up(扩大) their systems, this is truly stepping in a new age f agriculture,” says Drian Leger at Cnnectmix Bi in Germany.
9．What can we learn abut Slein frm paragraph 3?
A．It was used as feed fr animals at first.B．Up t 70 per cent f it can be recycled.
C．It is made frm hydrgen and xygen.D．It can be applied t fd prductin.
10．What advantage des Slein have in prducing a kil f prtein?
A．It uses 600 times less land than beef.B．It prduces 200 times less CO2 than beef.
C．It uses 200 times less water than plant crps.D．It prduces 100 times less CO2 than plant crps.
11．What is Drian Leger’s attitude twards the future f Slein?
A．Psitive.B．Dubtful.C．Ambiguus.D．Tlerant.
12．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．CO2 can be recycled t stimulate lcal ecnmy
B．New fd strategy reduces big questins n health
C．A factry will start making green fd frm air and electricity
D．Campaigners recmmend ways t reduce climate impact f farming
4.（2023·河北·统考二模）One aspect f the clean-energy change will happen inside buildings. Many hmes and businesses burn natural gas fr heating and cking. Natural gas gives ut greenhuse gases as well as ther pllutants that can harm health. Gas appliances (家用电器) can be replaced by electric versins and tap int clean electricity.
Panama Barthlmy is the directr f the Building Decarbnizatin Calitin. His grup, based in Petaluma, Calif., fcuses n limiting gas emissins indrs. “We assume the electric grid (输电网) is getting cleaner ver time, which it is. S, we want mre and mre f ur heating t cme frm electricity.”
It’s much easier t make these types f transitins when gvernments recmmend them, says Beth Miller. She is an eclgist and cnsultant with Gd Cmpany. Based in Eugene, Ore., it helps cmpanies and cmmunities reduce their carbn ftprint. Sme states are already taking steps t make these changes. On September 22, fr instance, Califrnia decided it wuld ban the sale f gas-fired space heaters and water heaters by 2030.
After hmes and businesses make the switch t electric alternatives, they will be mre cmfrtable, says Barthlmy. They will be safer and cleaner, t, he adds. Instead f a gas furnace(燃气炉), an electric heat pump culd bth heat and cl a hme. Gas heaters and stves wn’t be pumping pllutin int a hme’s air. And cks will have even mre cntrl n a mdern electric cker than n a gas stve says Barthlmy.
Getting natural gas ut f yur hme is prbably the largest psitive impact yu can have fr the planet, Barthlmy says. “We all need t fight fr a livable climate. There is n way t meet ur climate gals while still burning gas in buildings. Fr a livable future, we must take measures t stp burning natural gas, thugh we knw we have a lng way t g.” And the bnus: It nw lks like ding that shuld als save peple a lt f mney.
13．What is the clean energy change?
A．Using natural gas fr heating.B．Using natural gas t bil water.
C．Using electric ckers at hme.D．Using electric lights inside buildings.
14．What des the underlined wrd “transitins” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Prmises.B．Plans.C．Changes.D．Decisins.
15．What can be inferred frm Paragraph 4?
A．Hmes will be safer.B．Gas stves will be replaced sn.
C．Hmes’ air will have mre pllutants.D．Cks prefer t use traditinal ckers.
16．What is the best title f the text?
A．Clean-energy ChangeB．Electricity Use
C．Make Use f Natural GasD．Save Yur Mney at Hme
5.（2023·山东潍坊·统考二模）Michael Gnsalves, a chef f Glden Oak at Disney Wrld, has a cuisine cncept rted in fresh, lcally-surced ingredients that riginated frm childhd harvesting prduce frm their family garden with his mm t eventually leading kitchens at Walt Disney Wrld Resrts t emply a sustainable mdel.
“Truly the whle prcess starts with menu planning,” he said. Creating ne dish leads int the creatin f many mre thrugh the end-t-end use f prducts. As chefs, they are always searching fr the best ingredients. It is then their fcus t ensure they appreciate and respect all that g int each and every ne f them. Fr example, they surce chicken that is naturally grwn and fed n a natural plant frward diet, n hrmnes (激素) r additives — that’s used in many ways thrughut menus frm a simple grilled chicken breast t bne sup. Nthing ges t waste.
When they d have waste, even if minimal, they shift it frm landfills t transfrm it int cmpst (堆肥) that’s then used acrss the Walt Disney Wrld prperty. They als supprt Secnd Harvest, a lcal cmmunity fd bank where healthy prduce, prepared, but nt served, meals eatable fr human cnsumptin are dnated. Disney als wrks with pig farmers when they can’t distribute fds past the pint f safety fr human cnsumptin. Besides, wildlife reservatins lve t get the meat because tigers and wild cats can still eat that.
Their peratins are “n a path t a sustainable zer waste kitchen f tmrrw” where chefs learn the full-life cycle f plants frm seed t plate and gain a better understanding and appreciatin fr the prduct and their craft.
Glden Oak at Disney has millins f bees that prduce up t 300 punds f hney per year, plus thse bees help with crss pllinatin (授粉) f their gardens n a daily basis. They advcate a culture that helps develp nt nly the quality f fd, but an appreciatin fr nature.
17．Where did Michael Gnsalves’ idea abut cuisine cme frm?
A．His mm’s suggestins.B．His dream f becming a chef.
C．His interest in delicius fd.D．His labr experience as a child.
18．Hw are the ingredients dealt with in Glden Oak?
A．They are grilled t eat.B．They are used t the fullest.
C．They are divided int grups.D．They are selected by quality.
19．What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 3?
A．Give examples abut zer waste.
B．Intrduce the unique habit f wildlife.
C．Stress the imprtance f natural fd.
D．Explain the peratin mde f the fd bank.
20．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Disney Wrld:New Cuisine Rad
B．Michael Gnsalves:Creative Chef
C．Michael Gnsalves:Advcate f Fd Diversity
D．Disney Wrld:Pineer in Envirnmental Prtectin
6.（2023·广东广州·统考二模）The best ideas are ften s smart, s simple and s clearly needed; it’s strange t discver they dn’t already exist. S it is with Farm My Schl, a prgram that’s turning underused land at secndary schls int cmmercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and fr lcal cmmunities.
C-funded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educatr James McLennan, Farm My Schl cnnects lcal peple and rganizatins thrugh vlunteering that helps establish a schl’s market garden. Students learn abut cmmunity netwrks, healthy eating, eclgical respnsibility, waste reductin, and climate relief while helping with fd prductin. Schls integrate all these int their curses while prducing vegetable bxes every week that feed lcal families, supply the schl’s fd needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.
Farm My Schl has gained the extrardinary enthusiasm f the lcals, wh answered an nline shut-ut t buy tickets t the prgram’s launch event at Bell Secndary Schl last Octber. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured wrkshps by Ben and James t share the skills required t build what they say is the wrld’s largest n-dig garden. “It was such a pwerful event, and I think that cmes dwn t peple wanting t act nw,” says James. “We charged fr the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks t get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We’ve gt true cmmunity buy-in.”
Vlunteers have since begun beneficial planting thrughut the schl. Next steps include further discussins with lcal cmmunities, emplying a farmer, and bringing in a teacher t develp curses. “We’ve seen this huge push twards seeing schls as regenerative spaces, nt just fr planting but fr kids t be mre cnnected t the utside wrld, and really seeing the schl in a whle new light,” James says. “Fr us, the big excitement is that by allwing a prfessinal farmer t take the respnsibility f grwing fd, it’s nt nly n the schl t lk after that farm anymre, which eventually makes it much mre sustainable,” adds Ben.
21．Why was Farm My Schl funded?
A．T raise the incme f the lcal peple.
B．T advcate a cmmercial farming plan.
C．T prvide free fd fr lcal cmmunities.
D．T turn underused campus land int market gardens.
22．Hw d schls invlve students int the prgram?
A．By develping prgram-based curses.
B．By rganizing vluntary wrk in cmmunities.
C．By ffering them part-time jbs in the market gardens.
D．By encuraging them t prduce daily vegetable bxes.
23．What des the underlined wrd “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Cmpetitin.B．Investment.C．Supprt.D．Prtectin.
24．What is the highlight f the prgram accrding t Ben?
A．It brings in mney t supprt the schl.B．The schl farm will be able t last lng.
C．The lcal peple will take care f the farm.D．Students cnnect mre with the utside wrld.
7.（2023·河北石家庄·正定一中校考模拟预测）Cmpst (堆肥) is ne f the mst wnderful things in the wrld. Yu take rganic matter that wuld therwise end up in landfills and create a nutrient-rich material that will help make gardens grw, flwers blm and make it easier t feed the wrld. Thanks t Tipa, an Israeli start-up, yu will sn be able t add plastics t yur cmpst mix.
Plastic is ne f the mst challenging prblems n the planet. As N Camels reprts, it ften takes 500 years fr plastic t break dwn, and even then, micrplastics remain in water r n land. Furthermre, accrding t Inc. Cm, even thugh plastic can theretically be recycled, less than 5 percent f flexible plastic packaging that is put int recycling by cnsumers is actually recycled.
But that desn’t need t be the case anymre.
Nw, Tipa and ther cmpanies have begun t create plastics that are able t bidegrade like any rganic matter des. When asked hw she gt the idea f creating cmpstable flexible plastics, Dafna Nissenbaum, the CEO and c-funder f Tipa, said, “Nature als packs its prducts, like bananas, apples and ranges, but with a cmpstable material. Our plastics will break dwn exactly like any ther rganic material and turn int slid fertilizer (肥料).”
Unlike ther cmpstable plastics n the market, Tipa’s plastics can be fully cmpsted in hme cmpsts. This means that the average persn with a garden cmpst culd use their packaging and just thrw it in the cmpst instead f the recycling bin when they are dne with it.
Anther thing that Tipa has been ding is t create partnerships with existing prducers instead f creating their wn factries. The cmpany’s materials are purpsefully designed t be cmpatible (兼容的) with machinery that already exists and prduces nn-cmpstable plastics. Tipa says that fits in with its gal f creating a sustainable future.
Tipa has partnered with sme high-end designers. Bth Stella McCartney and Mara Hffman use Tipa’s prducts t package their prducts. Many brands are nw aware that using sustainable packaging will endear them t custmers, and Tipa helps them d that.
25．What des paragraph 2 fcus n?
A．The difficulty f dealing with plastic.B．The harm caused by water pllutin.
C．The prblem f the packaging industry.D．The barrier t recycling plastic prducts.
26．What des Dafna Nissenbaum try t tell?
A．Her cnfidence in the fertilizer market.B．Her strng desire t get clse t nature.
C．Her inspiratin fr Tipa’s new plastics.D．Her high praise fr the beauty f nature.
27．What des Tipa d t pursue sustainability?
A．It cperates with existing prducers.
B．It designs materials t fit new machinery.
C．It stps partnering with high-end designers.
D．It creates its wn plastic factries wrldwide.
28．Which f the fllwing can serve as the best title fr the text?
A．The Packaging Industry Is Grwing Faster
B．New Plastics Make Packaging Cmpstable
C．Cmpst Is the Real Surce f Sustainability
D．Slutins t Plastic Waste Have Been Fund
8.（2023·湖南衡阳·衡阳市八中校考模拟预测）In a cuntry where ver 80% f residents live in public husing, a gvernment cmmitment t sustainable urban design culd have huge influence. And when it’s a trpical cuntry like Singapre where cnvenience and air cnditining are a way f life, the impact culd be greater still.
Prmising 42,000 new hmes acrss five residential districts, the ec-twn f Tengah will be the 24th new settlement built by Singapre’s gvernment since Wrld War II. It is, hwever, the first with centralized cling, autmated trash cllectin and a car-free twn center, with which envirnment lvers hpe t ffer a radmap fr reducing carbn emissins in the Sutheast Asian city-state.
The develpment is named as “Frest Twn” by fficials, due t its abundant greenery and public gardens. Once hme t brickmaking factries, and later used fr military training, the 2.7-square-mile site has been reclaimed by a frest in recent years. A 328-ft-wide eclgical “crridr” will be maintained thrugh its center, prviding safe passage t wildlife and cnnecting a water catchment area n ne side t a nature reserve n the ther.
The prject has prven a new plan fr urban planners supprting green design principles and “smart” technlgy, accrding t Chng Fk Lng, grup directr fr research and planning at Singapre’s Husing and Develpment Bard, the agency verseeing the cuntry’s public husing. “Tengah is a new start,” he said in a vide interview, explaining that rads and parking are being pushed beneath the twn center. “We’re ging fr the ideal cncept f separated traffic, with everything undergrund and then the grund level ttally freed up fr pedestrians — fr peple. S, it’s a very safe envirnment fr all.”
“We want a twn that allws walking and cycling in a very user-friendly manner,” he added, saying that cycling has “taken ff” in Singapre in the “last three t five years especially”. The master plan will see the installatin f electric vehicle charging statins.
29．What is special abut the 24th new settlement?
A．It can huse 42,000 peple.B．It will be well equipped.
C．It will be built by the gvernment.D．It will be envirnmentally friendly.
30．Which f the fllwing might be the design f the frest twn?
A．
B．
C．
D．
31．What can we learn frm Chng Fk Lng’s wrds?
A．A parking lt will put in the twn center.
B．Passers-by and traffic will be in different levels.
C．Bikes will be able t fly in the near future.
D．All masters will install charging statins.
32．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Ways t reduce carbn emissinsB．A green radmap fr Singapre
C．An ec “smart” city planningD．A smart electric vehicle technlgy
9.（2023·山东·统考二模）A Purdue University inventin culd save millins f taxpayer dllars and significantly reduce traffic delays. The new inventin, a sensr that allws cncrete t “talk”, decreases cnstructin time and hw ften cncrete pavement (路面) needs repairs while als imprving the rad’s sustainability and cutting its carbn ftprint. Fixed directly int a cncrete pur the sensr sends engineers mre precise and cnsistent data abut the cncrete’s strength and need fr repairs than is pssible with currently used tls and methds.
“Traffic jams caused by repairs have wasted 4 billin hurs and 3 billin gallns f gas, n a yearly basis. This is mainly due t insufficient knwledge and understanding f cncrete’s strength levels,” said Luna Lu, wh has been leading develpment f the sensr since 2017. “Fr instance, we dn’t knw when cncrete will reach the right strength needed t accmmdate traffic lads just after cnstructin. The cncrete may be put int use t early,leading t frequent repairing,” she added.
With the technlgy Lu and her team invented, engineers can directly mnitr the fresh cncrete and accurately measure many f its prperties at nce. The sensr ntifies engineers via a smartphne app exactly when the pavement is strng enugh t handle heavy traffic. The strnger the pavement is befre being used by vehicles, the less ften it will need t be repaired. By decreasing rad repairs and cnstructin timelines, this technlgy culd reduce carbn dixide that vehicles wuld have given ff while waiting in traffic t get arund a cnstructin site.
Methds that the industry has used fr mre than a century call fr testing large samples f cncrete at a lab r nsite facility. Even thugh these tests are well understd by the industry, differences between lab and utdr cnditins can lead t inaccurate estimates f the cncrete’s strength due t the different cncrete cmpsitins and temperatures f the surrunding area.
33．What can be learned abut the new inventin?
A．It decreases accidents.
B．It is cstly t prduce.
C．It reduces rad repairs.
D．It is difficult t perate.
34．What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A．Waste caused by rad repairs.
B．Characteristics f the cncrete.
C．Situatins f rad cnstructins.
D．Necessity f inventing the sensr.
35．What des the underlined wrd “ntifies” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Signals.B．Awakes.C．Mnitr.D．Examines.
36．What is the prblem with the previus tests?
A．Samples must be tested n the spt.
B．The results turn ut t be unreliable.
C．Fewer prperties have been measured.
D．Cncrete is tested in certain temperature.
10.（2023·湖南永州·统考三模）Regenerative turism is cncept that is gaining attractin in the travel industry. It is different frm sustainable turism in that it ges beynd just minimizing the negative impact f turism. It is a philsphy that aims t nt nly minimize the negative impact f turism but als t actively cntribute t the regeneratin f lcal ecsystems, ecnmies, and cultures.
The cncept f regenerative turism is nt new. Native cmmunities arund the wrld have been practicing regenerative turism fr centuries. Hwever, it has gained renewed interest in recent years due t the grwing awareness f the impact f turism n the envirnment and the need fr sustainable travel practices, particularly pst-pandemic-indeed it culd even be argued that, as the glbal turism industry and thse wh depend n it start t recver, turism in itself is a regenerative act.
One example f regenerative turism is ecturism. Ecturism invlves traveling t natural areas with the aim f learning abut and cnserving the envirnment. It invlves activities such as hiking, bird watching, and wildlife viewing. Anther example f regenerative turism is cmmunity-based turism. Cmmunity-based turism invlves staying with lcal cmmunities and participating in their cultural activities, such as ur Buffal Curd Experience in Sri Lanka, r ur Rice Wine Trek in Las. Regenerative turism can als invlve the use f sustainable and regenerative practices in the turism industry itself. Fr example, htels can use renewable energy surces, reduce their water cnsumptin, and use sustainable materials in their cnstructin.
The benefits f regenerative turism are many. Hwever, carrying ut regenerative turism practices requires a shift in mindset and a cmmitment t sustainability. It requires turism businesses t nt nly minimize their negative impact but t actively cntribute t the regeneratin f the envirnment and cmmunities. It requires turists t be cnscius f their impact and t chse travel ptins in line with their values.
In cnclusin, regenerative turism is a prmising cncept that has the ptential t transfrm the travel industry. By actively cntributing t the regeneratin f lcal ecsystems, ecnmies, and cultures, regenerative turism can create a better future fr bth peple and the planet.
37．What is the aim f the regenerative turism?
A．T attract mre investments.
B．T highlight the advantages f turism.
C．T prtect cnventinal ecnmy and culture.
D．T prmte a renewable and sustainable turism.
38．Why has the regenerative turism regained public interest recently?
A．Turism industry has glbally bmed.
B．Peple have suffered frm the pandemic.
C．Peple shw mre cncern abut envirnment.
D．Regenerative turism has been practised fr lng.
39．What des Paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．The definitin f ecturism.
B．The illustratin f regenerative turism.
C．Envirnmental cnservatin practices.
D．Reasnable dubts abut regenerative turism.
40．What might the writer agree with accrding t the last tw paragraphs?
A．Regenerative turism has a bright future.
B．Turists can chse whatever travel they like.
C．Travel industry is able t transfrm regenerative turism.
D．Regenerative turism can be practiced in traditinal ways.