高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（11）

这是一份高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（11），共9页。
Nt lng after the surgery, Tim saw a brchure describing Imaginatin Library, a prgram started by Dlly Partn’s fundatin(基金会) that mailed a bk every mnth t children frm birth t age five in the singer’s hme twn f Sevier, Tennessee. “I thught, maybe Linda and I culd d smething like this when we retire, “ Tim recalls. He placed the brchure n his desk, “as a reminder. "
Five years later, nw retired and with that brchure still n the desk, Tim clicked n imaginatinlibrary. cm. The prgram had been pened up t partners wh culd take advantage f bk and pstage discunts.
The quality f the bks was f great cncern t the Richters. Rather than sign up nline, they went t Dllywd fr a lk-see. “We didn’t want t give the children rubbish, " says Linda. The bks—reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists, and Dllywd bard members—included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats’s The Snwy Day and newer bks like Anna Dewdney’s Llama Llama series.
Satisfied, the cuple set up the Richter Family Fundatin and gt t wrk. Since 2004, they have shipped mre than 12, 200 bks t preschlers in their area. Megan Williams, a mther f fur, is mre than appreciative: “This prgram intrduces us t bks I’ve never heard f."
The Richters spend abut $400 a mnth sending bks t 200 children. “Sme peple sit there and wait t die, “ says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left."
1. What led Tim t think seriusly abut the meaning f life?
A. His health prblem. B. His lve fr teaching.
C. The influence f his wife. D. The news frm the Web.
2. What did Tim want t d after learning abut Imaginatin Library?
A. Give ut brchures. B. D smething similar.
C. Write bks fr children. D. Retire frm being a teacher.
3. Accrding t the text, Dlly Partn is .
A. a well-knwn surgen B. a mther f a fur-year-ld
C. a singer brn in Tennessee D. a cmputer prgrammer
4. Why did the Richters g t Dllywd?
A. T avid signing up nline.
B. T meet Dllywd bard members.
C. T make sure the bks were the newest.
D. T see if the bks were f gd quality.
5. What can we learn frm Tim’s wrds in the last paragraph?
A. He needs mre mney t help the children.
B. He wnders why sme peple are s busy.
C. He tries t save thse waiting t die.
D. He cnsiders his effrts wrthwhile.
【参考答案】1—5、 ABCDD
阅读理解。
Everybdy is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at yur wn can disappear if yu learn that a fellw wrker has been given a bigger ne. Indeed, if he is knwn as being lazy, yu might even be quite crss. Such behavir is regarded as “all t human”, with the underlying belief that ther animals wuld nt be able t have this finely develped sense f sadness. But a study by Sarah Brsnan f Emry University in Atlanta, Gergia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all t mnkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behavirs f sme kind f female brwn mnkeys. They lk smart. They are gd-natured, c-perative creatures, and they share their fd happily. Abve all, like female human beings, they tend t pay much clser attentin t the value f “gds and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect subjects fr Dctr Brsnan’s study. The researchers spent tw years teaching their mnkeys t exchange tkens (奖券) fr fd. Nrmally, the mnkeys were happy enugh t exchange pieces f rck fr pieces f cucumber. Hwever, when tw mnkeys were placed in separate and cnnected rms, s that each ther culd bserve what the ther is getting in return fr its rck, they became quite different.
In the wrld f mnkeys，grapes are excellent gds (and much preferable t cucumbers). S when ne mnkey was handed a grape in exchange fr her tken, the secnd was nt willing t hand hers ver fr a mere piece f cucumber. And if ne received a grape withut having t prvide her tken in exchange at all, the ther either shk her wn tken at the researcher, r refused t accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence f a grape in the ther rm (withut an actual mnkey t eat it) was enugh t bring abut dissatisfactin in a female mnkey.
The researches suggest that these mnkeys, like humans, are guided by scial senses. In the wild, they are c-perative and grup-living. Such c-peratin is likely t be firm nly when each animal feels it is nt being cheated. Feelings f anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are nt the nature f human beings alne. Refusing a smaller reward cmpletely makes these feelings clear t ther animals f the grup. Hwever, whether such a sense f fairness develped independently in mnkeys and humans, r whether it cmes frm the cmmn rts that they had 35 millin years ag, is, as yet, an unanswered questin.
1. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. Only mnkeys and humans can have the sense f fairness in the wrld.
B. Wmen will shw mre dissatisfactin than men when unfairly treated.
C. In the wild, mnkeys are never unhappy t share their fd with each ther.
D. Mnkeys can exchange cucumbers fr grapes, fr grapes are mre attractive.
答案解析：答案为B。本题为推断题，考生需通读全文进行推断。本文讲述了当受到不公平待遇的时候，每个人都会生气，包括动物。但是雌性的动物比雄性的动物更加在意不公平的待遇，研究中用猴子作为实验来证明这一点。文章中第二段 “Abve all, like female human beings, they tend t pay much clser attentin t the value f “gds and services” than males.” 与第三段 “Such characteristics make them perfect subjects fr Dctr Brsnan’s study.” 都有此表达，故答案为B “当受到不公平待遇的时候，女性比男性更加不满”。
从最后一段 “Refusing a smaller reward cmpletely makes these feelings clear t ther animals f the grup. Hwever, whether such a sense f fairness develped independently in mnkeys and humans, r whether it cmes frm the cmmn rts that they had 35 millin years ag, is, as yet, an unanswered questin.”中可知，independently (独立)对应A选项中的nly，whether…r…an unanswered questin（是否…或者…未知的问题）的表达方式与A选项的意思 “只有猴子与人类才具有公平意识” 不同，故A选项是错误的。
从第三段 “Nrmally, the mnkeys were happy enugh t exchange pieces f rck fr pieces f cucumber. Hwever, when tw mnkeys were placed in separate and cnnected rms, s that each ther culd bserve what the ther is getting in return fr its rck, they became quite different.”可知，猴子乐意用石块交换黄瓜，但是当看到另外一只猴子因为石块得到的回报，态度就不一样了。因此C选项 “猴子从不会不高兴彼此分享食物” 与该句意思不符。
从第四段首句 “In the wrld f mnkeys，grapes are excellent gds (and much preferable t cucumbers).” 中注意 “excellent (极好的)” 与 “ preferable(更好的)” 两词，与D选项 “fr grapes are mre attractive（更具有吸引力的）” 意思不一致。综上分析，A, C, D都不符合文章意思。
2. The underlined statement “it is all t mnkey” means that ________.
A. mnkeys are als angry with lazy fellws
B. feeling bitter at unfairness is als mnkey’s nature
C. mnkeys, like humans, tend t be envius f each ther
D. n animals ther than mnkeys can develp such feelings
答案解析：答案为B。本题为句意推断题。结合文章第一段中 “all t human”前面的内容是说当得知别人懒惰却加薪更多的时候，人人都会生气，这是人的本能。接下来提到的 “it is all t mnkey” 也是表达 “猴子受到不公平待遇的时候感到痛苦也是猴子的本能。”的意思。故答案为B。A选项 “猴子对懒惰的同伴也会生气”, C选项 “猴子像人类一样会彼此嫉妒”, D选项 “除了猴子没有其他的动物会有那种感觉” 都与文章意思不符。
3. Female mnkeys f this kind are chsen fr the research mst prbably because they are ___ .
A. mre likely t weigh what they get
B. attentive t researchers’ instructins
C. nice in bth appearance and behavirs
D. mre ready t help thers than their male cmpanins
答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。从文章中第二段 “Abve all, like female human beings, they tend t pay much clser attentin t the value f “gds and services” than males.” 与第三段 “Such characteristics make them perfect subjects fr Dctr Brsnan’s study.” 可知，雌性的猴子作为实验是因为她们比雄性的猴子更加关注 “物品与服务” 的价值。A选项 “她们更有可能掂量（weigh）她们得到的”, 与上述分析意思一致，故答案为A。B和D在文章中都未提到；C并不是根本的原因。
4. Which f the fllwing cnclusins is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Human beings' feelings f anger are develped frm the mnkeys.
B. In the research, male mnkeys are less likely t exchange fd with thers.
C. C-peratin between mnkeys stays firm befre the realizatin f being cheated.
D. Only mnkeys and humans have the sense f fairness which dates back t 35 millin years ag.
答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节理解题。从文章最后一段 “Such c-peratin is likely t be firm nly when each animal feels it is nt being cheated.” 可知，只有当每个动物感觉没有被欺骗的时候合作的态度才是坚定的”, C选项的意思 “意识到被欺骗之前猴子之间的合作非常坚定” 与上述分析一致。解答此题注意同义句的转换表达。A, B, D 与文章意思不符合。
5. What can we infer abut the mnkeys in Sarah’s study?
A. The mnkeys can be trained t develp scial senses.
B. They usually shw their feelings penly as humans d.
C. The mnkeys may shw their satisfactin with equal treatment.
D. C-peratin amng the mnkeys remains effective in the wild.
答案解析：答案为C。本题为推断题。文章中说，猴子受到不公平待遇的时候会生气，这句话的意思就是C选项的表达 “猴子受到公平待遇的时候会满意”，故答案为C。解答此题仍然要注意推理题设置的技巧：用不同的表达方式来表达同样的意思。
从文章最后一段 “The researches suggest that these mnkeys, like humans, are guided by scial senses. In the wild, they are c-perative and grup-living.” 可知，猴子自身就有社会意识，而不是通过训练获得，故A错误。B，D在文章中未提及。
【2015高考复习】完形填空
This was an unfrgettable and wnderful experience.It happened abut three years ag and it has had a__16__effect n me.I wuld like t shw respect here fr the tw men I d nt knw __17__ but whse actins gave a new __18__ t the wrds—kind and generus.
I was walking dwn a busy street n a cld，windy day in early __19__.A hmeless man，prbably abut 60 and withut wearing any shes，was __20__ fr change n a street crner.
A BMW car __21__ n the ther side f the street and an executive(主管)wh was perfectly dressed stepped ut f the car.He was prbably abut __22__ years ld.He was wearing a blue business suit with a deep red silk tie.He walked__23__ acrss the street and ver t the hmeless man.Withut saying anything，he first gave him a lt f __24__ and then he sat dwn and tk ff his leather glves(手套)，beautiful black leather shes and his black dress scks.Then he __25__ them t the hmeless man.The hmeless man tk them and stared with a/an __26__ muth.
As he drve ff，I culdn't __27__ thinking that it was prbably the first time he had __28__ the pedal(踏板)f that tp­brand BMW car with a __29__ ft！I std there and the lks f __30__ appeared n my face and the hmeless man's.
Tw men f abut the same age __31__ very different lives had met and the ne wh was __32__ in materials had ffered __33__ than his shes.He had left this BMW car and __34__ dwn frm his high psitin.He lifted up the ther man when he ffered respect，__35__and real genersity.
【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文。作者使用了倒叙的方法，记述了一个难忘且感人的故事。一位开宝马的富人慷慨地帮助了一位无家可归的同龄人，在帮助他的同时，又给了他充分的尊重，本故事再次诠释了慷慨和爱心的含义。
16．A.strng B．bad C．light D．slw
答案 A [从下文那感人的故事可以看出：这件事对我影响很大。have a
strng effect n...对……有很大影响。]
17．A.fficially B．persnally C．similarly D．generally
答案 B [从下文可以推出：我本人(persnally)不认识他们。]
18．A.benefit B．attitude C．meaning D．award
答案 C [作者认为：他们的行为赋予了善良和慷慨这两个词新的含义。A：
利益；B：态度；C：意义；D：奖品，奖金，奖。]
19．A.spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
答案 D [根据本句的“n a cld，windy day”及第三段的“his leather glves”
可推知故事发生在初冬。]
20．A.searching B．makingC．blaming D．begging
答案 D [一位无家可归的大约60岁的老人，光着脚，正在街角乞讨。search
fr寻找，搜寻；make fr走向；blame fr该受责备，应负责；beg fr乞求，
乞讨。]
21．A.called up B．brke up
C．pulled up D．sped up
答案 C [一辆宝马停在了街边。call up打电话给……，召集，使想起；break
up打碎，解散，(关系等)破裂；pull up(车)停下；speed up加速。]
22．A.40 B．50 C．60 D．70
答案 C [由最后一段第一句中的“the same age”及第二段第二句中的“abut
60”可知答案为C项。]
23．A.directly B．usually C．unwillingly D．fluently
答案 A [那个人穿过大街径直向那乞讨的老人走去。A.径直地；B.时常；
C.不愿意地；D.流利地。]
24．A.mney B．water C．sand D．il
答案 A [由第二段最后一句中的“was begging fr change”可知老人要零
钱，所以开宝马的老人给他许多钱。]
25．A.psted B．handed C．kicked D．threw
答案 B [因为乞讨的老人就在身边，开宝马的老人又很尊重他，所以选
hand“递过去”。A.邮寄；B.递；C.踢；D.扔。]
26．A.clsed B．full C．pen D．empty
答案 C [一个沿街乞讨的老人收到如此的恩惠，只能是眼睛瞪得大大的，
张着嘴，看着对方。A.闭着的；B.满着的；C.张着的；D.空的。]
27．A.stand B．delay C．frget D．help
答案 D [culdn't help ding意为“禁不住地做某事”。句意：我情不自禁地
想……。A.忍受；B.推迟；C.忘记。]
28．A.bended B．cut C．repaired D．pressed
答案 D [因为鞋和袜子都已经送人了，所以这也许是他第一次光着(bare)
脚踩汽车的踏板。A.弯曲；B.砍，劈开；C.修理；D.按，压。]
29．A.relaxed B．large C．bare D．single
答案 C [因为鞋和袜子都已经送人了，所以只能是光着(bare)脚开宝马。
A.放松的；B.大的；C.光着的；D.单一的。]
30．A.excitement B．astnishment
C．sadness D．pride
答案 B [句意：面对此情此景，我和乞讨老人都很吃惊(astnishment)。A.
激动；B.吃惊；C.悲伤；D.骄傲。]
31．A.but B．r C．and D．befre
答案 A [由文意：两位老人年龄相同，但生活是明显的不一样。]
32．A.successful B．careful C．useful D．helpful
答案 A [开宝马的老人在物质方面是成功的。careful小心的；useful有用
的；helpful有帮助的，均与文意不符。]
33．A.rather B．mre C．ther D．better
答案 B [句意：在物质上非常成功的那位老人不仅仅是给了对方一双鞋。
言外之意，他还给对方其他东西，下文介绍了他还给了对方以尊重。rather than
而不是；mre than多于，超出，不止，不仅仅；ther than除了……之外；
better than比……好。]
34．A.brken B．fellC．stepped D．rlled
答案 C [句意：老人从宝马车里出来，并放下(step dwn)自己高高在上的
身份，帮助需要帮助的人。]
35．A.surprise B．disappintment
C．anxiety D．kindness
答案 D [当开宝马的老人主动给予尊重、仁慈和真正的慷慨时，他也扶起
了另一个人。]