2024年中考英语动词不定式课件

这是一份2024年中考英语动词不定式课件，共25页。
1.不定式的构成和特征★（1）动词不定式由“t +动词原形”构成。（2）及物动词的不定式可以带宾语，也可以被状语修饰。（3）不定式加宾语和状语，构成不定式短语，如t read the text slwly。
1.不定式的构成和特征★、（4）不定式的否定结构是在不定式前加nt,如nt t d。（5）不定式前可以加某些疑问代词(wh, what，which …）或疑问副词（when, where, hw, why...),构成特殊的不定式短语，如 what t d next, hw t get there 等。
2.不定式的句法功能动词不定式在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和主语补足语。（1）作主语。T knw what t d is wisdm. T knw hw t d it is skill. 清楚做什么是智慧。清楚如何做是技能。
（1）作主语。T lve and t be lved is the greatest happiness ne can get. 爱与被爱是人生最大的幸福。不定式短语作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语——不定式短语后置It is enugh t have ne clse friend in ne’s life.人生得一知己足矣。It is difficult t knw neself.人能自知，实属不易。
（2）作表语。The first and best victry is t cnquer self. 首要的、也是最好的胜利是战胜自己。T live is t d smething wrthwhile. 活着就是要做一些有价值的事情。
（3）作宾语。有些及物动词常跟不定式作宾语，常见结构为：动词+t d。这些及物动词有：affrd负担，agree同意，arrange安排 ，ask问， begin开始， chse选择，claim声称 cntinue 继续，decide决定，demand需求，desire欲望，determine确定，expect预计，fail 失败，frget忘记，hate恨，hesitate犹豫不决，hpe希望，intend意愿，learn学习，like喜欢，lng长，manage管理，mean意思，ffer报价，plan计划，prepare准备，pretend假装 ，prmise承诺，refuse拒绝
（3）作宾语。We hpe t talk with the native speakers. 我们希望同讲本族语的人交谈。（4）作定语。不定式作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。She was the nly ne t lk after the children.只有她一个人照顾那些孩子。
（5）作状语。不定式作状语，主要表示目的、结果或原因等。We live t serve the peple heart and sul.(目的)我们活着是为了全心全意为人民服务。
（6）作宾语补足语。有些及物动词的宾语之后常有不定式作宾语补足语，构成复合宾语，以表达完整的意义。常见结构为：动词+宾语+t d。这些及物动词有：advise, allw,ask, beg, cause, challenge, cmmand, expect, encurage, frce, get, hate, help, invite, leave, like, rder, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, require, teach, tell, urge, want, warn, wish 等。The fl thinks himself t be wise， but the wise man knws himself t be a fl .愚者自以为智，智者自知其愚。
（7）作主语补足语。上述带有宾语及宾语补足语结构的动词变为被动语态时，原宾语变为主语，原宾语补足语变为主语补足语。不定式作主语补足语时，即使在使役动词或感官动词如have, make, hear, see等动词后，不定式的t也不能省略。Time is ften said t be mney, but it is mre—it is life.人们往往说时间就是金钱，但时间不止于此—它是生命。
3.不定式的时态（1）不定式的一般式。不定式的一般式的结构为“t +动词原形"，表示动作与谓语动词的动作是同时发生或是在其后发生的。She was seen t enter the hall.(be seen 与t enter 两个动作同时发生）有人看见她进入了大厅。I have sme news t tell yu.(t tell 动作发生在 have 之后)我有些新闻要告诉你。
（2）不定式的进行式。不定式的进行式的结构为“t be +现在分词”，表示动作与谓语动词的动作是同时发生的，而且正在进行着。They seem t be getting alng quite well.他们似乎相处得很好。He is said t be studying in New Yrk.据说他在纽约学习。
（3）不定式的完成式。不定式的完成式的结构为“ t have过去分词”，表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。I am srry t have kept yu waiting.对不起，让你久等了。
4.不定式的被动语态当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动式（t be +过去分词）。It is an hnr fr me t be asked t speak here.(逻辑主语：me)我很荣幸受邀在这里讲话。
1.Daniel desn’t knw wh ______abut the bk.A. talking B. t talk C. talking t D. t talk t2.---Can yu tell me wh_____?---David, he is gd at slving difficult prblems.A. asking fr help B. asking t helpC. t ask fr help D. t ask t help
3.-Please stay with me this weekend. -I'm srry, but my father and I planned _____ Beijing a lng time B. visiting C.t visit D.visited4.—Daniel, d yu knw that bees never get lst.—Yes, Bees always remember _____ the same way as they went. A.cme back B.came backC.cming back D.t cme back
5.T my surprise, Daniel's parents allwed him _____ Shanghai Disneyland with visit B.visiting C.visit D.visits6.—Were yu required _____ hme during the utbreak f COVID-19? —Yes. Luckily, the Internet made it pssible fr many f us_____ frm hme.A. t stay; t wrk B. staying; t wrkC. t stay; wrk D. staying; wrk
7.All these sprts shes are s beautiful, s I haven’t decided t chse B.what t chseC.hw t chse D.where t chse8. —D yu have any plans fr the cming vacatin ?—Sure.We decide _____ Sansha in July B.visiting C.visited D.t visit
9. Lk at the sign—“N parking”. Dn't frget _____ yur car mve B.mving C.mved the air clean , the gvernment(政府) will clse sme factries in the city B.Keeping C.T keep D.Kept
11. Whenever children play tgether, Susan stands there and watches them______sure they dn't break anything B.made C.t make tk my sister three hurs _____reading this interesting stry finish B.finished C.finishing D.finish
13. —Why dn't yu g ut t play , Mary ?—I'm afraid I can't.I have much hmewrk B.des C.ding D.t d14.—Why is Li Ming practicing speaking English?—_____ abrad fr further study.A. G B. Gne C. T g D. Ges
15. —It's impssible fr me _____ my hmewrk in such a shrt time. —Cme n! I'm sure yu B.t cmpleteC.will cmplete D.cmpletes16. He is s glad that this cmpany invites him _____ a presentatin n his inventin. A.giving B.t give C.nt t give D.give
17.—Ww, Wendy, it's cl t make a shrt vide with yur mbile phne . —Just with a sftware(软件) called Meipai. Let me shw yu t use B.hw t use it C.what t use D.hw t use18.She is very gd at talking, her wrds always let thers _____ feel B.feeling C.felt D.feel