初中英语2024届中考语法复习动名词的用法知识讲解

这是一份初中英语2024届中考语法复习动名词的用法知识讲解，共5页。学案主要包含了动名词作主语，动名词作表语，动名词作宾语，动名词作定语，介词+动名词构成状语，动名词构成的合成名词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、动名词作主语
Reading French bks is easier than speaking it.
Walking is my sle exercise.
Talking mends n hles.
（谚）空谈无济于事。
Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
注：
1)动名词作主语时用it作形式主语，把动名词放到句子后面。常见句型:
①It'+adj(useless,hpeless,nice, gd,interesting, expensive,wrthwhile) + ding sth．
②It's+adj(n use, n gd ,fun, a great pleasure, a wnder, a waste f time) +ding sth.
【例】
It is useless speaking.光说没用。
It’s hpeless arguing abut it.
争辩这事没有用。
It is nice seeing yu again．
It is gd playing chess after supper．
It is expensive running this car．
开这种小车是浪费。
Is it wrthwhile quarreling with her ?
It was a waste f time reading that bk.
看那本书是浪费时间。
2)“There is +n”后可以用动名词作主语，表示“没法…”：
There was n knwing what he culd d .没法知道他能做什么。
二、动名词作表语
Her jb is washing and cking. My hbby is cllecting stamps.
Seeing is believing. （谚）眼见为实。
三、动名词作宾语
1）可加动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语
acknwledge承认，自认
admit 承认
avid避免
appreciate 感激，欣赏
advcate提倡，主张
bear忍受
cmplete完成
can't help不禁
can't stand受不了
cnsider 考虑
deny否认
delay延迟
dislike不喜欢，讨厌
excuse借口
enjy享有，喜爱
envy嫉妒
escape逃跑，逃避
fancy幻想，爱好
finish完成，结束
frgive原谅
hate讨厌 厌恶
imagine设想
invlve卷入，包含
keep保持
mind 介意
mentin说到，讲到
miss错过
permit 允许
pardn原谅，饶恕
prevent阻止
practise 实行，实践
quit放弃停止
resist抵抗，阻止
recall回想
risk冒险
save营救，储蓄
stand坚持，忍受 ，
suggest建议
【例】
I suggested bringing the meeting t an end.
He admitted taking the mney.
Fancy meeting yu!
T raise wages means increasing purchasing pwer.
He didnt recall saying it.
He never can resist making a jke.
The garden needs/ wants /requires watering.花园需要被浇水
2) 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语，也可以用不定式作宾语，
（1）两者意思不同
I remember telling yu abut it. Remember t tell him abut it.
I’ll never frget hearing Chaliapin singing in that pera.
He frgt t bring his umbrella.
We’ve always regretted selling the farm。
I regret t tell yu that my father is ill.我遗憾的告诉你我父亲病了。
Try ding mre exercises;yu’ll sn lse weight.
I’ll try t imprve.我将设法改进。
She culdn’t help feeling depressed.
All this helped(t)raise farm yields.这一切帮助提高了农业产量。
Yur hair wants cutting.你的头发需要理了。
Smebdy wants t see yu.有人想见你。
The pants need pressing.
这条裤子需要熨烫。
I dn’t think yu need t wrry abut it.
He stpped t talk t us.
他停下来和我们说话。
He stpped talking t us.
他停止和我们交谈。
G n t d 继续做不同的事
g n ding 续做相同的事
mean t d打算做某事
mean ding意味着做某事
（2）有一些区别，
在like,lve,prefer,hate,dread等动词后，
动名词多表示习惯或经常的情况，不定式多表示即将发生或具体一次的事：
Oh,I prefer being alne.
We preferred t walk there.
She dreads seeing them.
I dread t think what may happen.
有时两者可以换用，意思上没有差别：
He hated thinking (t think)abut it.
She lves having(t have)lts f yung men rund her.
(3)在begin ，Start，intend，cntinue后跟动名词或不定式都可以。
It has started raining(t rain).开始下雨了。The band began playing(t play).
乐队开始演奏。
He intended cming(t cme) back sn.
他打算不久就回来。
She cntinued wrking(t wrk)as if nthing had happened.
区别： 在begin，Start，不定式多表示情况发生变化,而动名词表示有意识地开始或停止.
Suddenly it started t rain.天突然下起雨来。 Philip began t cry.菲利普哭了起来。
We began making preparitins fr the trip.我们开始作旅行的准备。
注意:在以-ing结尾的动词后不宜再用动名词，以避免-ing的重复：
He was beginning t miss her.
他开始惦记她。
It’s starting t rain.天开始下起雨来。
3)、作动介词短语的宾语
be used t习惯于be accustmed t习惯于 be equal t胜任be given t沉溺于be ppsed t反对be related t与……有关 devte neself t /be devted t献身于 give rise t引起get dwn t着手 lead t导致lk frward t期望bject t反对pay attentin t注意put ne's mind t全神贯注于 stick t坚持with a view t准备be keen n急着 be quite capable f很有可能 be fed up with烦 be sick f烦 accuse him f指责 charge them with指控 fr fear f不敢 suspecte him f怀疑 set abut着手 cnsist in在于Hw/what abut
【例】
He has given up playing ftball.
They will put ff ding it until next year.
Even then she carried n talking.
Why d yu persist in writing such things?
Rbbie culdn’t keep frm laughing.
四、动名词作定语
1）动名词表示该名词的用途
【例】
bxing cmpetitin 拳击比赛
swimming pl 游泳池
speaking cntest 演讲比赛
sleeping bag 睡袋
sleeping pill 安眠药片
writing desk 写字台
writing paper 信纸
2）介词+动名词构成定语：
He is gd at the art f making friends.
他堪谙交友之道。
I admired his skill at driving.
我佩服他开车的技术。
He had the chance(pprtunity)f visiting Beijing.
I d nt like her way f talking.
我不喜欢她的讲话方式。
五、介词+动名词构成状语：
Bass waited a little while befre making up his mind .
After standing in the queue fr an hur,we gt tw tickets.
And,in ding s,he fell int cntraditins. On reaching the city,he called up Lester.
I dn’t blame yu fr being cautius. What has he dne besides reading the paper?
There is nthing t gain by waiting.
坐等不会有收获。
Withut waiting fr any reply,he left the rm.
He had nt bught a new suit since cming t Oxfrd.
She dissusded me frm ding it.
她劝我不要做那事。
六、动名词构成的合成名词
1）“动名词+名词”：
waiting rm 候车（诊）室 waiting list 候选人名单parking lt(space) 停车场（位） checking accunt 活期账户 banking system 银行系统sewing machine缝纫机 printing-press 印刷机hearing aid 助听器 perating table 手术台
2）“形容词（名词）+动名词”构成：
deep-plughing 深耕 clse-planing 密植 jb-hunting 找工作 sight- seeing 观光windw-shpping 逛商店（只看不买）
3）名词化的动名词
可数名词：
painting 画
saying 俗话
warning 警告
meaning 意思
ending 结局
feeling 感觉
不可数名词
bating 划船
bwling 打保龄球
surfing 冲浪
dancing 跳舞
muntaineering 登山
常用复数形式：
findings 调查结果
savings 积蓄
surrundings 环境
sufferings 苦难
earnings 挣的钱
belngings 财物
【例】
Dickens ften gave rendings f his wrks. 狄更斯常常朗读自己的作品。
Wh did the cking? 谁做的饭？
I always enjy a little light reading.
我一向喜欢读点轻松的东西
He culd nt analyze his feeling.
他没法分析自己的感情。
Take gd care f yur belngings.
3）固定说法
N smking. 禁止吸烟。
N litering.不许在此逗留。
N spitting. 禁止吐痰。
N parking。禁止泊车。
七、动名词的复合结构One’s ding
动名词的复合结构在句中可作：
a).主语：
Yur cming t help is a great encuragement t me. 你们来帮忙对我是很大的鼓舞。
Her ging ff in such a hurry is very risky.她这样匆忙离去很危险。
Jane’s nt having received prper training was t her disadvantage.
It has been a great hnur yur cming t visit us.你来看我们真是不胜荣幸。
b).作动词的宾语或介词宾语：
I hate yur ging away.我不愿意你走掉。
Frgive my(me) ringing yu up s early.
原谅我这么早给你打电话。
I appreciate yur giving me s much f yur time.感谢你为我花了这么多时间。
I dn’t remember my mther’s cmplaining abut it. 我不记得我母亲抱怨过这事。
I strngly bject t yur saying that.我强烈反对你说这话。
I’m fed up with yur grumbling!你唧唧咕咕我都听烦了。
I have made n bjectin t his ding it.
我对他这样做没表示反对。
There was n chance f his getting schlarships.他没有机会得奖学金。
They’re lking frward t Mary’s cming.他们都盼着玛丽来。
注：在口语中常把’s省略掉或用人称代词宾格表示动名词的逻辑主语：
I dn’t remember my mther’s talking abut it.(较文气的说法)
I dn’t remember my mther talking abut it. (较口语化的说法)