初中英语2024届中考语法复习非谓语动词知识讲解

这是一份初中英语2024届中考语法复习非谓语动词知识讲解，共3页。学案主要包含了动词不定式，动名词，现在分词，过去分词，独立主格结构等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、动词不定式
1.形式
①一般式
（nt）t d 主动形式
（nt）t be dne 被动形式
②进行式
（nt）t be ding
③完成式
（nt）t have dne 主动形式
（nt）t have been dne被动形式
④完成进行式
（nt）t have been ding
2.表示的意义
①不定式的一般式t d，表示将要做的事或为了做某事，
She wanted t be a dctr when she grew up.
He asked t be sent t wrk in the cuntryside．
It is pssible fr ur hpes t be realized．
②不定式的进行式t be ding，表示正在做某事。
Sme students pretended t be reading English when the teacher came in.
I am very glad t be wrking with yu．
③不定式的完成式t have dne 表示事情已经先做完,
I’m srry t have kept yu waiting.
He is said t have left the stage already as he has becme an fficial.
Tm was pleased t have been invited t the party.
④不定式完成进行式t have been ding
表示事情已经做了，而且还在进行中，
He seems t have been waiting here fr a day.
He was said t have been living in Beijing fr twenty years.据说他在北京一直住了20年。
I'm srry t have been interrupting yu.
二、动名词
1.形式
①一般式
（nt） ding 主动形式
（nt）being dne 被动形式
②完成式
（nt） having dne 主动形式
（nt）having been dne 被动形式
2.表示的意义
1）一般式：ding
a.表示表示经常性的或习惯性的事或与谓语动词同时发生的动作
He ften practices running.
I appreciate being given this pprtunity.
I remembered being taken t Paris as a small child.
He just missed being caught.
b.表示在谓语动词之后发生的动作,但要加表将来的时间状语
He is cnsidering buying a pian sn.
I am thinking f ging t see her tmrrw.
c. 表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作，但要加表过去的时间状语
ding=having dne 更强调动词的时间顺序
I am srry fr keeping \having kept yu waiting.
The by was praised fr having saved the baby.
2) 动名词的完成形式 having dne 表示在谓语动词之前的动作
I regretted having left Mntreal.
She admits having seen us.
I dn’t remember having heard yu say that.
Dn’t be angry with me fr nt having written t yu.
I appreciate having been given the pprtunity t study abrad tw years ag.
waiting.
The by was praised fr having saved the baby.
三、现在分词
1.形式
①一般式
（nt）ding 主动形式
（nt）being dne 被动形式
②完成式
（nt）having dne 主动形式
（nt）having been dne 被动形式
2.表示的意义
1） 现在分词一般式ding 表示正在做某事或同时做的事：
When we arrived, we fund him sleeping.
Living in the suburbs, we have few visitrs.
Being s ill, she can’t g t schl.
Nt having a car, he finds it difficult t get arund.
Seeing nbdy at hme, he decided t leave a nte.
He went hme, finding the dr lcked.
The bridge being built nw will be cmpleted in three mnths.
Being surrunded by the students, the
teacher was answering questins ne
by ne
I saw him being taken away by the plice.
2）现在分词的完成式
表示这个动作在谓语动作之前完成，作状语 Having succeeded in the last examinatin，she was mre cnfident f anther
success in the cming ne.
Having been written in haste, the bk has many mistakes.
Having been given such a gd chance,
he planned t wrk hard.
Having been experimented many times, this new prductwillbe put int mass prductin.
四、过去分词
1.形式
1）一般式 （nt）dne
2）进行式 （nt）being dne
3）将来式 （nt）t be dne
4）完成式 （nt）havingbeen dne
2.表示的意义
表示完成, 被动的意思。 否定形式是在过去分词前加上nt或never构成。
五、独立主格结构
由名词或代词（主格）不定式、+分词、形容词、副词、名词、介词短语等构成，表示名词或代词的状态、状况或动作。 在句中作状语. 名词或代词（主格）前+with 就是with复合结构.
Such an able man t help yu，yu will surely succeed sner r later.
Winter cming，it gets clder and clder ．
His parents having died, the rphan is nw taken care f by the gvernment.
The guests having left, they cntinued their discussin.
Circumstances changed, it is necessary
fr yu t make a new plan. (表示原因)