河南省开封市新世纪高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题（学生版+教师版）

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第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Backpacking Tur f China
Are yu lking fr an riental adventure? Jin ur 9-day tur and explre China—a cuntry famus fr its delicius fd, cute pandas and the lngest wall in the wrld! Our China backpacking tur cmbines histry and culture, exciting activities and ppular sites.
Day 1—Hng Kng
•Start yur adventure at the htel
•Receive a full intrductin frm the tur leader
•Bard a famus Chinese high-speed train t get t the mainland f China
Day 2 t 4—Chengdu
•Meet yur new adventure leader
•Spend the afternn learning sme helpful Mandarin phrases at a free lessn
•Visit the lvable pandas at the Chengdu Research Base f Giant Panda Breeding as they eat their bamb shts fr breakfast
•Bard the night train t Xi’an
Day 5 t 6—Xi’an
•Visit the unmissable Terractta Warrirs
•Cycle arund the ancient city’s walls n a bike
•Explre the Bell and Drum Twers
•Experience a Chinese night ut
Day 7 t 8—Hangzhu
•Head t the famus West Lake, a UNESCO Heritage Site
Take a bat t ne f the islands
•Hike up t Jiuya Muntain t see the impressive sunset
•Visit China Natinal Tea Museum
Day 9—Maca
•Visit the histric center and spend time at the Venetian Maca Resrt Htel Travel acrss the sea n a high-speed ship back t Hng Kng, arriving at 20:30.
•Time t say gdbye at the htel that yu started at. Cngratulatins, yu’ve cmpleted yur tur f China!
1. Where can yu get a better idea f China’s tea culture?
A. In Xi’an.B. In Chengdu.C. In Hangzhu.D. In Hng Kng.
2. What can yu d while staying in Chengdu?
A. Visit cultural heritage sites.B. Learn t cmmunicate in Chinese.
C. Enjy the beautiful sunset scenery.D. G n a bike tur n the city’s walls.
3. Hw will yu return t Hng Kng at the end f the jurney?
A. By train.B. By plane.C. By subway.D. By sea.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个为期九天的中国之旅，介绍了行程安排和特色等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 7 t 8—Hangzhu部分中“•Visit China Natinal Tea Museum(•参观中国茶叶博物馆)”可知，你在杭州可以更好地了解中国的茶文化。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 2 t 4—Chengdu部分中“•Spend the afternn learning sme helpful Mandarin phrases at a free lessn(花一下午的时间在免费课程上学习一些有用的汉语短语)”可知，你在成都期间可以学习用中文交流。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“•Visit the histric center and spend time at the Venetian Maca Resrt Htel Travel acrss the sea n a high-speed ship back t Hng Kng, arriving at 20:30.(•参观历史中心，并在澳门威尼斯人度假酒店度过一段时间。乘坐高速船穿过大海返回香港，于20:30到达)”可知，旅程结束后，你将坐船返回香港。故选D。
B
Everybdy hates rats (big mice). But in the earthquake capitals f the wrld — Japan, Ls Angeles, Turkey — rats will sn be man’s best friends.
What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dgs. Why? Because they can smell peple. Dgs save lives. They help rescuers t find living peple. But dgs are big and they can’t get int small spaces. S nw a new research prject is using a smaller animal t save lives: the rat.
Hw des it wrk? First, the rat is trained t smell peple. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号)．This is sent t a small radi n its back, and then the rescuers fllw the radi signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers knw that smene is alive. The rat has smelled that persn.
Althugh there are already rbts which can d this jb, rats are better. Christian Linster at Crnell University, New Yrk, says, “Rbts’ nses dn’t wrk well when there are ther smells arund. Rats are gd at that.” Rats can als see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker t train than dgs, and unlike rbts, they dn't need electricity!
The “rat prject” is nt finished, but Julie Ryan f Internatinal Rescue Organizatin in Sctland says, “It wuld be wnderful. A rat culd get int spaces we culdn’t get t, and a rat wuld get ut if it wasn't safe.” Perhaps fr the first time in histry, peple will be happy t see a rat in a building (but nly after an earthquake, f curse)．
4. Why will rats becme man’s best friends in the wrld earthquake capitals?
A. Because they can take the place f man's rescue jbs.
B. Because they can find the psitin f peple alive wh are trapped in buildings.
C. Because they can serve as fd fr peple alive wh are trapped in buildings.
D. Because they can get int small spaces.
5. Frm the third paragraph we knw the rescuers can judge a persn wh is alive by _____.
A. the nise made by the ratB. the rat’s unusual behavir
C. the signal sent by the radi n the rat's backD. the smell given ff by the persn
6. Which f these statements is NOT the advantage that rats have?
A. They are mre lvely than ther animals.
B. They are less expensive t train than dgs.
C. They dn't need electricity.
D. They are small and can get int small places.
7. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. At present rats have taken the place f dgs in searching fr peple.
B. The “rat prject” has been cmpleted.
C. Peple are nw happy t see a rat in a building.
D. Nw peple still use dgs and rbts in perfrming rescues.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了用老鼠来寻找在地震中被困地下的人的优势。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段But dgs are big and they can’t get int small spaces. S nw a new research prject is using a smaller animal t save lives: the rat.和第三段利用老鼠救人的过程
说明老鼠在地震中可以用来进行救援任务，来确定受伤的人的位置等，故选B.
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中the rat is trained t smell peple. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号).This is sent t a small radi n its back, and then the rescuers fllw the radi signals.可知老鼠被训练用来嗅人。当发现被困人员时,老鼠的大脑通过背后的小收音机发送信号，然后救援人员跟踪无线电信号实施救人。故选C.
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两行Rats are gd at that.” Rats can als see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker t train than dgs, and unlike rbts, they dn’t need electricity(电)!老鼠很擅长那些。“老鼠也能在黑暗中看到东西。它们比狗更便宜、训练更快，而且不像机器人，它们不需要电。说明B、C正确。根据第二段后两行But dgs are big and they can’t get int small spaces. S nw a new research prject is using a smaller animal t save lives: the rat.说明D也是老鼠的优势。A项文章没有提及。故选A.
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Perhaps fr the first time in histry, peple will be happy t see a rat in a building (but nly after an earthquake, f curse).说明用老鼠搜救现在还没有投入使用，现在人们仍然使用狗和机器人进行救援。故选D.
【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。文章介绍了用老鼠来寻找在地震中被困地下的人的优势。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如fr example, first, secnd…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题2根据第三段中the rat is trained t smell peple. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号).This is sent t a small radi n its back, and then the rescuers fllw the radi signals.可知老鼠被训练用来嗅人。当发现被困人员时,老鼠的大脑通过背后的小收音机发送信号，然后救援人员跟踪无线电信号实施救人。小题3根据倒数第二段最后两行Rats are gd at that.” Rats can als see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker t train than dgs, and unlike rbts, they dn’t need electricity(电)!说明B、C正确。根据第二段后两行But dgs are big and they can’t get int small spaces. S nw a new research prject is using a smaller animal t save lives: the rat.说明D也是老鼠的优势。A项文章没有提及。
C
If yu are planning n travelling, there are a few simple rules abut hw t make life easier bth befre and after yur jurney.
First f all, always check and duble—check departure (启程) time. It is amazing hw few peple really d this carefully. Once I arrived at the airprt a few minutes after ten, my secretary had gt the ticket fr me and I thughts he had said that the plane left at 10:50. When I arrived at the airprt, the clerk at the departure desk tld me that my flight was clsed. Therefre, I had t wait three hurs fr the next ne and missed an imprtant meeting.
The secnd rule is t remember that even in this age f credit cards, it is still imprtant t have at least a little f the lcal currency (货币) with yu when yu arrive in a cuntry. This can be necessary if yu are flying t a place at midnight and the bank at the airprt was clsed. The nly way t get t my htel was by taxi and because I had n dllars, I ffered t pay in punds instead. “Listen! I nly take real mney!” the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able t brrw a few dllars frm a clerk at the htel, but it was awkward.
The third and last rule is t find ut as much as yu can abut the weather at yur destinatin befre yu leave. I feel srry fr sme f my wrkmates wh travel in heavy suit and raincats in May, when it is still fairly cl in Lndn r Manchester, t places like Athens, Rme r Madrid, where it is already beginning t get quite warm during the day.
8. Where is the writer mst prbably frm?
A. Italy.B. The USA.C. The UK.D. Greece.
9. Accrding t the passage, the driver was angry because the writer________.
A. gave him false mneyB. did nt give him the lcal mney
C. ffered t pay by credit cardD. had n enugh change
10. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The authr tells peple t chse warm places as their travel destinatins.
B. Yu dn’t have t take credit cards when travelling.
C. Yu shuld t check the departure time carefully.
D. Yu dn’t need t knw the weather f the place yu’ll visit.
11. The writer mainly tells us________.
A. hw t make life easierB. hw t be well prepared fr a trip
C. hw t enjy urselves n tripD. hw t plan ur trip
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者就外出旅行给读者提了三点建议。第一点是再三确认出发时间；第二点是随身带一些当地的货币；第三点是充分了解当地的天气情况。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“The nly way t get t my htel was by taxi and because I had n dllars, I ffered t pay in punds instead.(到我的旅馆的唯一办法是坐出租车，因为我没有美元，我提出用英镑付款)”可知，作者没有带美元，想用英镑付打车的费用，由此可知，作者可能来自英国。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The nly way t get t my htel was by taxi and because I had n dllars, I ffered t pay in punds instead. “Listen! I nly take real mney!” the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able t brrw a few dllars frm a clerk at the htel, but it was awkward.(去酒店的唯一途径是打车，因为我没有美元，所以我提出用英镑支付。“听着！我只要真正的钱！”司机愤怒地说。幸运的是，我能从酒店的一位职员那里借到几美元，但这很尴尬)”可知，司机生气是因为作者没有用美元支付，即没有用当地的钱。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“First f all, always check and duble—check departure (启程) time.(首先，总是检查并仔细检查出发时间)”可知，我们应该仔细检查出发时间。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“If yu are planning n travelling, there are a few simple rules abut hw t make life easier bth befre and after yur jurney.(如果你计划去旅行，这里有一些简单的规则可以让你在旅行前后更轻松)”和后面几段提出的具体规则可知，作者就如何为旅行做好准备提供了三条建议。故选B。
D
Astrnmers have taken the first ever image f a black hle, which is lcated in a distant galaxy (星系).The black hle is 500 millin trillin km away and was phtgraphed by a netwrk f eight telescpes acrss the wrld. It was captured by the Event Hrizn Telescpe (EHT).
The annuncement was made in Washingtn, Brussels, Santiag, Shanghai, Taipei and Tky. Details have been published tday in Astrphysical Jurnal Letters.
Prf Hein Falcke, f Radbud University in the Netherlands, wh suggested the experiment, tld BBC News that the black hle was fund in a galaxy called M87. “What we see is larger than the size f ur entire Slar System,” he said. “It has a mass 6.5 billin times that f the Sun. And it is ne f the heaviest black hles that we think exists. It is an abslute mnster, the heavyweight champin f black hles in the Universe.”
The image shws an intensely bright “ring f fire”, as Prf Falcke describes it, surrunding a perfectly circular dark hle. The bright hal is caused by very heated gas falling int the hle. The light is brighter than all the billins f ther stars in the galaxy cmbined - which is why it can be seen at such distance frm Earth. The edge f the dark circle at the center is the pint at which the gas enters the black hle, which is an bject that has such a large gravitatinal pull (万有引力) , nt even light can escape.
“It is remarkable that the image we bserve is s similar t that which we get frm ur theretical calculatins. S far, it lks like Einstein is crrect nce again.” said Dr Ziri Yunsi, f University Cllege Lndn -wh is part f the EHT cperatin.
Chinese scientists were invlved in the bservatin thrugh a telescpe in Hawaii. They were als highly invlved in fllw-up data prcessing and theretical analysis, said Shen Zhiqiang, head f the Chinese Academy f Sciences’ Shanhai Astrnmical Observatry and a member f the EHT internatinal team.
Shanghai and Taipei were selected as tw f the cities t hld news cnferences tgether with Washingtn, Brussels, Santiag and Tky, a recgnitin f China’s cntributin.
“In the fields f astrnmy, radi astrnmy, and space astrphysics, China has made a significant cntributin t this glbal prject,” Falcke said.
12. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. First Image f a Black Hle Taken
B. Hw Einstein Discvered a Black Hle
C. Hw a Black Hle Is Frmed
D. A Bk abut Black Hles
13. Why are six cities selected fr the annuncement?
A. It was the first black hle ever discvered.
B. It tk eight telescpes t wrk tgether.
C. It was a jint effrt f many cuntries.
D. It’s the heaviest f black hles.
14. Frm the passage we knw that in the experiment Chinese scientists______.
A. started the experimentB. led the experiment
C. prvided the equipmentD. played an imprtant rle
15. What dcs Dr Ziri Yunsi tell us abut black hles in Paragraph 5?
A. Black hles can swallw up everything in the Universe.
B. Scientists knew abut black hles befre they see them.
C. Einstein has been prved wrng many times.
D. Black hles might be sme make-up stries.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了天文学家们拍摄了位于遥远星系的黑洞的第一张照片，该黑洞位于5亿至5万亿公里之外，这次拍摄由全球8架望远镜组成网络拍摄。文章还说明了照片中黑洞的特点以及这一举措的重要意义。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Astrnmers have taken the first ever image f a black hle, which is lcated in a distant galaxy (星系).The black hle is 500 millin trillin km away and was phtgraphed by a netwrk f eight telescpes acrss the wrld. (天文学家拍摄了有史以来第一张黑洞图像。它位于一个遥远的星系，这个黑洞距离地球5亿万亿公里，由全球八台望远镜组成的网络拍摄到。)”可知，天文学家们拍摄了位于遥远星系的黑洞的第一张照片，该黑洞位于5亿至5万亿公里之外，这次拍摄由全球8架望远镜组成网络拍摄。结合文章还说明了照片中黑洞的特点以及这—举措的重要意义。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Shanghai and Taipei were selected as tw f the cities t hld news cnferences, tgether with Washingtn, Brussels, Santiag and Tky, a recgnitin f China’s cntributin. (上海和台北被选为与华盛顿、布鲁塞尔、圣地亚哥和东京一起举行新闻发布会的两个城市，这是对中国贡献的认可。)”可知，这些城市所在的国家都对此次黑洞照片的成功拍摄做出了贡献。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““In the fields f astrnmy, radi astrnmy, and space astrphysics, China has made a significant cntributin t this glbal prject,” Falcke said. (“在天文学、射电天文学和空间天体物理学领域，中国为这一全球项目做出了重大贡献，”法尔克说。)”可知，在实验中，中国科学家发挥了重要作用。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““It is remarkable that the image we bserve is s similar t that which we get frm ur theretical calculatins. S far, it lks like Einstein is crrect nce again.” said Dr Ziri Yunsi, f University Cllege Lndn -wh is part f the EHT cperatin. (“值得注意的是，我们观察到的图像与我们从理论计算中获得的图像非常相似。到目前为止，看起来爱因斯坦再次是正确的，”伦敦大学学院的Ziri Yunsi博士说，他是EHT合作的一部分。)”可推知，Ziri Yunsi博士在第5段告诉了我们科学家们在看到黑洞之前就知道它们了。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t stay fcused in class
Being relaxed during class is a bad habit, and it is als bad t yur grade. Fcusing in class nt nly prves t teachers that yu are a capable student but als shws that yu have the ability t cntrl yurself, which will be very imprtant.
____16____ . N matter hw much yu want t sit with yur friends during the class, try yur best t avid them. Talking with friends arund yu is nt ging t give yu the fcus in class. This will get yu int truble.
Lk at teacher and make eye cntact. Yur teacher is nt just standing up there talking. ____17____.Shw the teacher that he r she has yur full attentin by lking them in the eye. This persn shuld have yur full attentin at all times during class.
Take ntes. By taking ntes, yu’ll be able t “get int” the lessn. Write dwn key pints as yur teacher speaks. And listen t the key phrases such as “This is imprtant” “This is the main idea” “This will be the test” etc. ____18____.
Get invlved in class discussins. This is a wnderful way t becme a mre fcused, successful student. When a teacher asks a questin, ffer t answer it. ____19____.These shw the teacher that yu are listening carefully during the class.
Ask a questin. ____20____.This really shws yur teacher that yu want t be better, and can recgnize the things yu are having difficulty with. Chances are that smene else in the class has the same questin (and was t afraid t ask!). They’ll be relieved, and s will yu.
A. Avid sitting with friends.
B. This can help yu listen mre attentively.
C. If he r she ask fr an pinin, share yur wn.
D. He r she is trying t give yu a gd educatin.
E. Talking with friends will make yu lse interest in class.
F. If yu dn’t understand smething, never be afraid t ask.
G. The mre quickly yu answer, the mre attentin yu pay.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，简要列举了几条如何在课堂上保持注意力集中的建议。
【16题详解】
设空处为本段的主题句。根据后文“N matter hw much yu want t sit with yur friends during the class, try yur best t avid them. Talking with friends arund yu is nt ging t give yu the fcus in class. This will get yu int truble.(无论你多么想在课堂上和你的朋友坐在一起，尽量避免他们。和身边的朋友聊天不会让你在课堂上集中注意力。这会给你带来麻烦的)”可知，本段主要讲课堂上尽量不要与朋友坐在一起，因为与周围的朋友交谈会分散注意力。故A选项“避免和朋友坐在一起”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Lk at teacher and make eye cntact. Yur teacher is nt just standing up there talking.(看着老师，眼神交流。你的老师不只是站在那里说话)”可知，要跟老师进行眼神交流。设空处顺接上文，进一步说明课堂上老师不仅仅是在讲话，他们其实是在努力让自己的课程得到学生的接受，故D选项“他或她想给你一个好的教育”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Take ntes. By taking ntes, yu’ll be able t “get int” the lessn.(做笔记。通过记笔记，你就能“进入”课堂)”可知课堂上要记笔记，记下老师所讲的重点，设空处置于短尾，总结上文说明这样做的好处，即有利于更专心地听讲，故B选项“这可以帮助你更专心地听”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Get invlved in class discussins. This is a wnderful way t becme a mre fcused, successful student. When a teacher asks a questin, ffer t answer it.(参与课堂讨论。这是成为一个更专注、更成功的学生的好方法。当老师提问时，主动回答)”可知，本段主题是要加入课堂讨论，即当老师提出问题时，要主动回答。如果他或她想知道大家的观点，要敢于分享自己的想法，故C选项“如果他或她征求你的意见，分享你自己的”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Ask a questin.(提问)”以及后文“This really shws yur teacher that yu want t be better, and can recgnize the things yu are having difficulty with.(这真的向你的老师表明你想要做得更好，并且可以认识到你有困难的事情)”可知，本段主要讲课堂上要敢于问问题，本句承接主题句，又引起下文，故F选项“如果你有不明白的地方，不要害怕问”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
That year I was eleven and in sixth grade. In Wethersfield, all sixth graders are____21____t take part in the Prgram. Its main____22____is t believe yur peers (同龄人), wrk tgether, and____23____new adventures. These prgrams including falling backward and____24____peers t catch yu, wrking tgether t fit int a small circle and smething f that kind.
I was ready t participate in these____25____. Falling backward and fitting int a small circle were nthing t me. Crssing ver a stream with nthing hlding me up but a rpe was daring, but I culd____26____it. Finally the day came when my sixth grade class wuld travel t climb and rappel (绕绳下滑) a muntain in Suthingtn. Thse peple wh were t____27____were allwed t practice climbing and rappelling a smaller area f rcks, but that wasn’t fr me. I culd climb the big muntain.
Twenty minutes later, my____28____arrived. As I was well____29____, I set ff at nce. I gt a quarter f the way up but culdn’t seem t get any____30____. I tried and tried. I began t put myself dwn and cry. There was nthing mre_____31_____than my classmates were lking at me. All I kept_____32_____was “Lisa, yu can d it, try t fit yur ft in there._____33_____, Lisa. Yu’re almst there.”
It was then that I thught t myself, “Why am I crying? I can d this.” Almst_____34_____I went n ging up the muntain. Within five minutes I successfully_____35_____t the tp.
21. A. frcedB. reprtedC. remindedD. required
22. A. questinB. resultC. ideaD. rad
23. A. experienceB. intrduceC. runD. describe
24. A. beggingB. trustingC. prmisingD. thinking
25. A. lecturesB. discussinsC. activitiesD. stries
26. A. discverB. handleC. changeD. need
27. A. naughtyB. nisyC. annyedD. frightened
28. A. friendB. turnC. teacherD. day
29. A. preparedB. balancedC. rganizedD. relaxed
30. A. quickerB. warmerC. fartherD. lnger
31. A. awkwardB. amazingC. excitingD. disappinting
32. A. shutingB. rememberingC. hearingD. learning
33. A. Cme nB. Watch utC. Hurry upD. Walk alng
34. A. entirelyB. immediatelyC. dangeruslyD. carefully
35. A. reachedB. tkC. arriveD. gt
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者六年级参加项目时，本以为自己不能爬到山顶，最终却在同伴鼓励下成功地登上了顶峰的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Wethersfield，所有六年级学生都被要求参加计划。A. frced强制；B. reprted报告；C. reminded提醒；D. required要求。根据上文“In Wethersfield, all sixth graders”可知，Wethersfield的传统是六年级的所有学生都被要求参加计划，be required t d sth为固定短语，表示“被要求做某事”，故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的主要思想是相信你的同龄人，一起工作，体验新的冒险。A. questin题目；B. result结果；C. idea想法；D. rad道路。根据下文“is t believe yur peers, wrk tgether, and____3____new adventures.”可知，相信同龄人，一起努力，体验新的冒险，是项目的想法，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的主要思想是相信你的同龄人，一起工作，体验新的冒险。A. experience体验；B. intrduce介绍；C. run运行；D. describe描述。根据下文“new adventures”可知，此处是指体验新冒险。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些计划包括向后倒退和信任同龄人抓住你，共同努力融入一个小圈子等等。A. begging乞求；B. trusting信任；C. prmising承诺；D. thinking思考。根据上文“Its main____2____is t believe yur peers”可知，在你向后倒时应该相信你的同龄人会抓住你。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已准备好参加这些活动。A. lectures演讲；B. discussins讨论；C. activities活动；D. stries故事。根据上文“These prgrams including falling backward and____4____peers t catch yu, wrking tgether t fit int a small circle and smething f that kind.”可知，作者六年级了，准备参加项目的各种活动，如向后倒下、共同努力融入一个小圈子和用一根绳子过小溪等。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：穿过一条小溪，除了一根绳子之外，什么都没有支撑我，这很大胆，但我可以应付。A. discver发现；B. handle处理，对付；C. change改变；D. need需要。根据上文“Crssing ver a stream with nthing hlding me up but a rpe was daring, but I culd”可知，but表转折，尽管只有一根绳子过小溪，但作者觉得自己能设法对付这种情况。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些太害怕的人被允许练习攀爬和垂降一小块岩石，但这不适合我。A. naughty淘气的；B. nisy吵闹的；C. annyed恼火的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“were allwed t practice climbing and rappelling a smaller area f rcks, but that wasn’t fr me. I culd climb the big muntain.”可知，相较于胆大的作者敢爬大山而言，只能在一小块岩石上练习攀爬和绕绳下滑的学生很胆小、害怕。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：二十分钟后，轮到我了。A. friend朋友；B. turn轮次；C. teacher教师；D. day日子。根据下文“As I was well____9____, I set ff at nce.”可知，作者开始爬了，说明轮到作者攀登了。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我做好了充分的准备，我立即出发了。A. prepared准备好的；B. balanced平衡的；C. rganized有条理的；D. relaxed放松的。根据上文“I culd climb the big muntain.”及下文“I set ff at nce.”可知，作者做好了准备。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走了四分之一的路，但似乎无法走得更远。A. quicker更快的；B. warmer温暖的；C. farther更远的；D. lnger更长的。根据下文“I began t put myself dwn and cry.”可知，与上文作者信心满满认为自己能爬大山相对，作者攀爬受挫，因为似乎无法攀爬得更远，所以沮丧地哭了起来。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比我的同学看着我更尴尬的了。A. awkward尴尬的；B. amazing惊艳的；C. exciting激动人心的；D. disappinting令人失望的。根据上文“I began t put myself dwn and cry. There was nthing mre____11____than my classmates were lking at me.”可知，作者攀爬受挫，开始哭泣，被同学看到，自觉非常尴尬。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直听到的是“丽莎，你可以做到的，试着把你的脚放进去。A. shuting喊；B. remembering记住；C. hearing听；D. learning学习。根据下文“Lisa, yu can d it, try t fit yur ft in there.”可知，这是作者听到的内容。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：加油，丽莎，你快到了。A. Cme n加油；B. Watch ut小心；C. Hurry up快点；D. Walk alng走。根据下文“Yu’re almst there.”可知，所以这是对方鼓励作者的话语，Cme n意为“加油”，故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我几乎立刻攀爬上山。A. entirely完全；B. immediately立刻；C. dangerusly危险；D. carefully小心。根据上文“Lisa. Yu’re almst there.”可知，听到对方鼓励自己快要到山顶的话，作者立马重拾信心，攀爬上山。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不到五分钟我就成功到底了顶峰。A. reached到达（及物动词）；B. tk拿；C. arrive到达（不及物动词）；D. gt到达（不及物动词）。根据“I went n ging up the muntain. Within five minutes I successfully____15____t the tp”可知，作者成功登顶。get t+目的地表示“到达，为固定表达。故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sending gifts varies greatly frm cuntry t cuntry. In Australia, Canada, the United States ___36___ Eurpean cuntries, sending gifts is ___37___rare) expected. While seen as a nice gesture, it is very imprtant t avid giving highly persnal gifts such as clthing. When ___38___(visit) the hme f a clleague frm ne f these cuntries, yu shuld bring ___39___ apprpriate gift t the hstess.
In America, expensive gifts are definitely ut. A gd ___40___(chse) is t take the deserving persn t dinner, r a sprts event. ___41___ the cntrary, gift giving is a ___42___(traditin) custm in Japan. In Japan, the prper gift is cnsidered ___43___(express) the giver’s true friendship, gratitude and respect far better than wrds. If yu plan t visit Japan r t have any Japanese visit yu here, be prepared. Australia is knwn fr ___44___ (it) friendliness and infrmality. S mdest gifts, such as a diary, a paperweight, r a cffee cup might ___45___(present) t a friend.
S next time yu visit these places, remember t d as the Rmans d while in Rme.
【答案】36. and
37. rarely 38. visiting
39. an 40. chice
41. On 42. traditinal
43. t express
44. its 45. be presented
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。
【36题详解】
考查连词。根据空前的“Australia, Canada, the United States”和空后的“Eurpean cuntries”可知，空格前后为并列关系，故用并列连词and。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：在澳大利亚、加拿大、美国和欧洲国家，很少送礼。分析句子可知，本空格修饰过去分词expected，修饰expected要用副词，因此要用副词rarely。故填rarely。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语做状语。句意：当拜访这些国家的同事的家时，你应该给女主人带一份适当的礼物。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语做状语，visit的逻辑主语是主句的主语yu，二者是主动关系，要用动词的ing形式，故填visiting。
【39题详解】
考查不定冠词。 句意：你应该给女主人带一份适当的礼物。apprpriate gift中的apprpriate的读音以元音开头，故用an。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：一个好的选择就是带一个值得你带的人去吃饭。根据空前的形容词gd和不定冠词a可以判断，空处应用名词的单数形式。而chse为动词，因此要用其名词形式chice。
【41题详解】
考查固定搭配。n the cntrary为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。故填On。
【42题详解】
考查形容词作定语。句意：相反，在日本，送礼物是一种传统习俗。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词custm，修饰名词要用形容词traditinal，故填traditinal。
【43题详解】
考查固定句式及动词不定式。句意：在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。Sth. be thught t d sth.为固定句式，意为“大家认为….，……被认为…..”。故用动词不定式t express。
【44题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：澳大利亚以（它的）友好和不拘谨著称。根据语境可知，澳大利亚的即是“它的”，为“its”。
45题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：所以，送给朋友的礼物可能是一份普通的礼物，如一个日记本、一个镇纸或一个咖啡杯。该句主语mdest gifts和动词present之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。情态动词might后跟动词原形，故填be presented。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 人类在太空探索领域取得了重大突破，但有人却对进行太空探索表示质疑。请你就此话题写一篇英语短文，阐述你对太空探索的看法。内容包括：1.人们对太空探索表示质疑的原因；2.你的观点及理由。
注意：写作词数应为80左右；
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Is explring space a waste f time and mney?
Sme peple have expressed dubts abut space explratin. They argue that we shuld find slutins t ther mre practical prblems, such as pllutin and fatal diseases, instead f explring space.
As far as I’m cncerned, despite the huge risk and tremendus cst, the desire t explre the universe never dies due t the fact that space explratin has already made a huge difference t ur wrld. Firstly, space explratin can increase ur knwledge and drive innvatin in numerus fields, such as farming techniques, fd prductin and the creatin f new medicines, which may help t imprve ur life. Additinally, humans are currently restricted t a single planet and shuld smething happen that changes the envirnment f the planet, the entire human race wuld be in danger f being wiping ut. Thus, space explratin prvides us with hpe fr the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书名表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇是否应该进行太空探索的英文短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
谜团：dubts→puzzles
尽管：despite→ in spite f
巨大的：tremendus→enrmus
此外：Additinally→Furthermre
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Additinally, humans are currently restricted t a single planet and shuld smething happen that changes the envirnment f the planet, the entire human race wuld be in danger f being wiping ut.
同义句：Furthermre, humans are presently cnfined t ne planet, and any alteratin t its envirnment culd pse an existential threat t the entire human race.
【点睛】【高分句型1】They argue that we shuld find slutins t ther mre practical prblems, such as pllutin and fatal diseases, instead f explring space. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Firstly, space explratin can increase ur knwledge and drive innvatin in numerus fields, such as farming techniques, fd prductin and the creatin f new medicines, which may help t imprve ur life. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Why she let ut my secret? why she did that t me?” I vividly remembered that day when I was cnfused at the knwing lks which everyne gave me. That terrible experience was imprinted (铭刻) n my mind. I culdn’t frgive the persn with whm I had shared my secret. She lst all my trust and friendship.
Five years back, Sally was a new additin in ur class. I dn’t knw what but there was smething sticky abut her that attracted me twards her. She was the mst friendly persn I knew. We started as classmates but after a few mnths we were like best friends. We did hmewrk tgether and dreamed f ging t the same university ne day. We hung ut and went t the mvies n weekends. That was a sweet time.
Nevertheless, I culdn’t expect such an enrmus betrayal frm her. I didn’t knw what made me tell Sally abut my persnal life. I felt much regret t myself. She exaggerated (夸大) the matter, added her wn spices t it and made it the httest tpic in schl. It was like smene had stabbed a knife in my back. After she revealed my secret, everyne at schl started laughing at me and gazing at me wherever I passed. I was like a pnd in which smene had thrwn a stne and it had been spilled up. It was the mst embarrassing time I had gne thrugh. Sn afterwards, I left schl and shifted t anther ne, because I thught n ne had the right t laugh at me. Sally called me many times but I didn’t answer. My heart was brken because the persn whm I trusted mst cheated me.
I made effrts t remve the scar frm my heart. I started a new life, leaving all the bad memries behind, because they made me a persn wh ften thught abut the past experiences. Five years later, with the life ging n, I made new friends and seldm thught abut the past.
注意：
1. 续写词数应150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But ne day I met Anna in the market, my frmer classmate, wh tld me shcking news.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I immediately called Sally in rder t explain the misunderstanding.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
But ne day I met Anna in the market, my frmer classmate, wh tld me shcking news. Anna said that after I left schl the gssip sn disappeared. Everyne in ur class missed me. Because I left withut saying gdbye, Sally was sad fr a lng time. And t my amazement, she tld me that Sally was nt the ne wh brught my secret t light. It was Mary wh had a big muth and always wanted t put her nse in ther peple’s matters. She happened t verhear my cnversatin with Sally. I was all at sea, feeling that the flr had slipped away beneath my feet. Anxius and regretful, I asked Anna fr any cntact with Sally.
I immediately called Sally in rder t explain the misunderstanding. After getting thrugh, I sincerely aplgized t her. She said sftly: “Never mind. We are gd friends.” I was in tears, guilt and jy. At that mment, I wished it had nt happened. I wished time culd g back and I culd vercme my mistake. Frm that I gt a lessn in life that we shuld learn t trust ur lved nes, because a little mistake can lead us t ruin what we shuld value. Trust is the fundatinal principle that hlds friendship. Trust is als the easiest thing in the wrld t lse. We need t be pen and trust ur friends.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者跟萨莉结为好友，跟她分享自己私密事情，结果秘密被同学知道，并且添油加醋害的作者被同学嘲笑，所以作者果断转学，之后萨莉打电话，作者也不接，在后来一次在市场遇到以前同学安娜知道事情真相的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但有一天，我在市场上遇到了安娜，我以前的同学，她告诉我一个令人震惊的消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者知道了事情真相。
②由第二段首句内容“我立即打电话给莎莉，向她解释这个误会。”可知，第二段可描写作者和好友莎莉重归于好。
2.续写线索：真相大白——打电话——道歉——重归于好——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①爱打听别的事：put ne’s nse in ther peple’s matters/inquisitive
②揭露秘密：bring ne’s secret t light/expse a secret
情绪类
①令人震惊：shcking/surprising
②哭了：be in tears/cry
【点睛】
[高分句型1] But ne day I met Anna in the market, my frmer classmate, wh tld me shcking news.这句话运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型2] It was Mary wh had a big muth and always wanted t put her nse in ther peple’s matters.这句话运用了强调句。