人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists习题ppt课件

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(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意1．cntradictry adj.　　____________2．germ n. ____________3．pump n. ____________4．shadw n. ____________5．substantial adj. ____________ 6．statistic n．[pl.] ____________7．prtein n. ____________8．cell n. ____________9．virus n. ____________
相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
大量的；价值巨大的；重大的
统计数字；统计资料；统计学
细胞；小房间；单间牢房
10．vaccine n. ____________11．cncrete n. ____________ adj. ____________12．aerspace n. ____________ 13．patritic adj. ____________ 14．mechanical adj. ____________15．mechanic n. ____________16．aviatin n. ____________17．missile n. ____________ 18．astrnmy n. ____________
混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
机械的；发动机的；机器的
航空制造业；航空；飞行
Ⅱ.写其形1．__________ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 2．__________ vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 3．__________ n．把手；拉手；柄vt. 处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)4．__________ n．联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联5．__________ adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 6．__________ vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷7．__________ vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料) 8．__________ n．领导；领导地位；领导才能
9．________ vt.追溯；追踪；查出n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 10．________ prep.除……之外(还)adv.而且；此外11．________ adv.此外；再者 12．________ n．改变；转换；轮班vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向13．________ vi. 认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)14．________ n．彩虹15．________ adj.抽象的；理性的　n. (文献等的)摘要16．________ n．概念；观念
核心单词练透1．Frm my pint f view, we shuld als take English bks and websites int cnsideratin, thus laying a ________ (可靠的) fundatin fr English.[2022·全国乙卷]2．Seeing the wrld thrugh the eyes f a child is the ________(纯的， 纯粹的) jy that anyne can experience.3．Owing t the severe envirnmental pllutin，this species f bird is ________(减少) in numbers every year.
4．Mre than frty ________ (杰出的) yung singers frm eight cuntries have been chsen fr this year's art festival.5．________ (责备)by his teacher，the by was frustrated and culdn't cncentrate n his study.6．He likes t find ________ (弱点；过错)with ther peple, which makes them very unhappy.7．In ur ffice, Jim is an abslutely ________ (聪颖的) expert in cmputers, and he always slves the cmplex prblems in a few minutes.
拓展单词用活【记全记牢】1．severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→________ adv. 极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地2．infect vt.使感染；传染→________ n．感染；传染3．pure adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的→________ adv. 仅仅；完全→________ vt. 净化；使纯净 4．transfrm vt.使改观；使改变形态　vi.改变；转变→_____________ n．转化；转换；变换；变化5．think v．认为；思考→________ n．思想；思维；见解6．find v．发现→________ n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决7．initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→________ adv. 最初地8．assist vt.帮助；协助；援助→________ n．帮助；协助→________ n．助理；助手
transfrmatin
【用准用活】9．With slid ________，the lawyer can certainly ________ that he is inncent.(prve)10．T ________ her frm being hurt，I must say smething in her ________．(defend)11．Lang Lang is a ________ pianist and he has a great ________ fr playing the pian.(gift)12．He described ________ what he saw in Lndn, giving us a ________ picture abut peple's life there.(vivid)13．I ften gt ________ in this jb and the cnstant ________ almst made me quit the jb.(frustrate)14．With ________ plicies，the cmpany's exprts have been increasing ________．(steady)
(二)语境记忆短语——不枯燥·兴趣高记全记牢1．____________　最终地；彻底地2．____________ 同意；赞同3．____________ 幸亏；由于4．____________ (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发5．____________ 主管；掌管6．____________ 患(病)；染上(小病)7．____________ 最重要的是；尤其是8．____________ 对……有影响9．____________ 负有责任10．________________ 在某人的领导下
nce and fr all
subscribe t
in charge f
cme dwn(with)
have an impact n
under ne's leadership
用准用活选用左栏短语填空1．[道歉信，2021·北京卷]Since my grandfather ____________ the disease, we have taken turns t care fr him. 2．Henry is ____________ the department, s he knws abut the department very well.3．____________ his years f sprts training, he develped the spirit f never giving up.4．This mrning, several classmates and I __________ the idea that we went t pick up rubbish in the Peple's Park.5．We'd like t emply a secretary wh is friendly, hard-wrking, and ____________， able t deal with smething unexpected.
came dwn with
subscribed t
·会积累　联想拓展·1．以“-ship”为后缀的高频名词①schlarship　奖学金；学问；学术成就②friendship 友谊③leadership 领导地位④relatinship 关系⑤hardship 苦难⑥champinship 冠军称号
3．有无定冠词大相径庭①in charge f　主管；看管；负责in the charge f 被掌管；由……负责②in cntrl f 控制；管理in the cntrl f 被……控制③in pssessin f 占有；拥有in the pssessin f 被占有；为……所有
(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高
s imprtant that I wuld like t intrduce it t yu
had them delivered t
until David dragged his leg
练学核心单词1blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责　n．指责；责备(1)blame sb.fr sth. 因某事责备某人blame sth. n sb./sth. 将某事归咎于某人/某事be t blame (fr sth.) 应(对某事)负责任(2)take/bear the blame fr... 承担……的责任put/place/lay the blame n sb./sth. 归咎于某人/某事
[练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子①In my view, Li Hua, wh brke the schl rules, was _________ (blame)．②我们应该多交流、 换位思考而不是相互责怪。 (建议信)_______________________，we shuld cmmunicate mre and put urselves in thers' place.③蒂姆被责备为演出失败负责，他悲伤得忍不住痛哭。(读后续写情感描写) ____________________ the perfrmance, Tim felt seized by a burst f sadness and culdn't help crying bitterly.
Instead f blaming each ther
Blamed fr the failure f
2decrease n．减少；降低；减少量　vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低(1)decrease by 　减少了decrease (frm...) t (从……)减少到decrease in 在某方面下降(2)n the decrease/increase 在减少/在增加a decrease in sth. 某方面的减少
[练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译(1)The number f new students ____________ (decrease)frm 2，000 t 1，600 in recent tw years.(2)由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。①Because f human activities, the number f sme rare animals ______________．②Because f human activities, the number f sme rare animals ______________.
has decreased
is n the decrease
is decreasing
3transfrm vi.&vt.转化；转换；改造；变换(☞transfrmatin n. (彻底的) 变化，改观，转变)transfrm sb./sth.　　　改变/转化某人/某事transfrm... int... 使……变成……be transfrmed frm... int... 由……变成……
[练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子①At present, the remarkable develpment f digital ecnmy ____________ (transfrm) ur mdern way f life.②The past ten years has witnessed a cmplete ___________ (transfrm) f my hmetwn.③你的慷慨帮助和善意使我的第一次加拿大之行成为一个难忘的回忆。(感谢信)Yur generus help and kindness ____________________________ an unfrgettable memry.
is transfrming
transfrmed my first Canada trip int
4defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解(☞defenc(s)e n．防御；保卫；保护)(1)defend... against/frm 　　保护……免受defend neself 自卫；为自己辩护(2)in defence (f) 保护；为了保卫in ne's defence 为某人辩护
[练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译(1)The army will d whatever it takes t defend the mtherland ________ any invasin.(2)She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if ________ defence.(3)看到这只凶猛的狼，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写肢体动作)①Seeing the fierce wlf, he rushed _______________ like an arrw. (defend)②Seeing the fierce wlf, he rushed ________________ like an arrw. (defence)
t defend his sn
in defence f his sn
划重点　练全易错点维度一　词形转换和动词形式变化1.Given that the driver injured the passer-by, he was s ________ (severe) punished that his parents were ________ (frustrate)．2．With the peple Huckleberry Finn meets cvering all walks f life, the nvel ________ (vivid) reflects the sciety at that time.3．Much t ur jy, his health is getting ________ (steady) better with time ging by.4．In reality，the mechanic made a severe mistake，________(shift) nervusly frm ne ft t anther.(读后续写之紧张心理描写)
5．I was vercme with sadness because I ____________(suspect) f stealing his mney.6．With tears ________ (pur) dwn his cheeks, he watched the dcumentary film ________ (trace) the histry f the ancient twn.7．At that time, peple were advised t stay at hme t reduce the risk f getting ________ (infect)．8．In reality, experts believe that the illness ________ (link) t the use f chemical pesticide.
was suspected
维度二　固定用法和搭配Peple may find it unbelievable that tw hundred years ag peple did nt link illness ①________ envirnmental prblems. In Lndn drinking plluted water led ②________ many deaths frm chlera. It always started in the pr neighbrhd, and then it spread t the richer areas as the servants infected ③________ the illness passed it n. Many dctrs suspected ④________ plluted water was ⑤____________ (blame). Jhn Snw's ⑥________ (finding) prved that the dirtier the water, the ⑦____________ (severe) the illness. Therefre, they cncluded that water must be ⑧________ (pure). They instructed the ⑨________ (handle) be remved frm pumps if the water carried the virus. Thanks ⑩________ Jhn Snw, chlera was defeated eventually.
掌握短语和句式1in charge f负责/掌管(表状态)(1)in the charge f由……来负责；被……掌管take charge f 负责/看管(表动作)free f charge 免费(2)charge (sb.) fr sth. 为……要价charge sb.with (ding) sth. 指控某人(做)某事
[练透]　补全句子/一句多译(1)I'm ging t visit the museum which ______________________ (不收门票) tmrrw mrning.(2)Yu can take as many as yu like, because they _______________ (免费)．(3)He __________________ (被指控谋杀) and sentenced t death.(4)作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。①As chairman f the Student Assciatin，I was appinted t _______________________________ during yur stay in Tianjin.②As chairman f the Student Assciatin，I was appinted t ______________________________ during yur stay in Tianjin.
desn't charge fr admissin
are free f charge
was charged with murder
be in charge f arranging all the activities
take charge f arranging all the activities
2abve all最重要的是；尤其是after all　毕竟；终究all in all 整体说来；总而言之in all 全部；合计first f all 首先at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
[练透]　用all短语填空/完成句子①The university I recmmend t yu is Beijing Language and Culture University. ________________，yu'd better learn sme basic Chinese befre yu cme. _________，yu will be under cmpletely unfamiliar circumstances. _______，studying fr a degree in a different culture is nt easy _______．(应用文写作之推荐信)②总之，现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。[2022·全国甲卷]_____________________we devted urselves t prtecting cean.
First f all/Abve all
All in all, it is high time that
3句型：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语(教材)Accrdingly, he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.相应地，他让人把水泵的手柄拆了，这样水泵就不能用了。(1)have sth. dne 使某事被做have sb. d sth. 让某人做某事have sb./sth. ding sth. 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态can't have sb. ding sth. 不能容忍某人做某事(2)have sth.t d 有某事要做
[练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子①What Jenny hpes is that Mr.Smith culd suggest a gd way t have the current situatin ________(imprve)．②Our headteacher can't have us ________(waste) ur precius time.Even if we have finished ur hmewrk，he always has us ________ (read) classics t braden ur hrizns.③我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。(应用文写作之道歉信)I am terribly srry fr________________________________，because __________________________ just nw.
having yu waiting fr me fr s lng
I had an urgent thing t attend t
4句型：until引导的时间状语从句(教材) Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld, until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme．在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。(1)意为“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句；(2)在句型结构中，可以把nt until提到句首，此时主句用部分倒装语序；(3)句型的强调句式为It is/was nt 。
[练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译(1)The vice became luder and luder ________ David dragged his leg, passing the terminal. [2022·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写](2)It was nt until I settled dwn and lived in Beijing ________ I had a chance t pay a visit t the Great Wall.(3)直到我经历了这场事故，我才明白坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。(读后续写之升华句)①_______________________________________ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(倒装)②_________________________________ I was aware that bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(强调句型)
Nt until I experienced the accident was I aware that
It was nt until I experienced the accident that
划重点　练透热考点维度一　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译1.Amy thught it was wrthwhile t read English newspapers every day s she subscribed ________ the 21st Century.2．Willing ________ (help) Bernard, the children gt dwn t ________ (prepare) ppcrn the instant they gt what they needed. [2020·新高考Ⅰ卷]3．我们都希望你愿意负责这次校园艺术节的组织工作。We all hpe ______________________________ the rganizatin f the schl art festival.
(that) yu are willing t take charge f
4．我认为我们应该采取有效的措施让我们的国家更美丽。I think we shuld take effective measures t _____________________．5．健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。Health prblems ___________________________________________．6．长城是如此壮丽，每天都有大量的游客来参观。①The Great Wall _______________ a large number f turists visit it every day.()②_________________________ a large number f turists visit it every day.(倒装)
make ur cuntry mre beautiful
are clsely linked t bad eating habits and a lack f exercise
is s splendid that
S splendid is the Great Wall that
维度二　应用文练习根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇Dear Peter，Brn int a wealthy husehld n December 11，1911, Zhejiang Prvince, Qian Xuesen ①____________________________(是如此聪明以至于被认为是) a “super-gifted” by in his childhd.He graduated frm Shanghai Jia Tng University and went t the United States fr his further study, ②____________________________(他在那里获得博士学位)
was s brilliant that he was regarded as
where he gained his dctr's degree
He returned t his hmeland in 1955 ③____________(最终地). After he returned t China, he cmmitted ④________(he) t China's aerspace industry, ⑤________ (handle)the design and ⑥_____________________ _________________(负责火箭、导弹的研制工作)．⑦___________________________________(正是由于他的杰出成就) we have made slid and steady prgress in defending ur beautiful hmeland.
being in charge f the research f rckets and missiles
It is thanks t his utstanding achievements that
维度一　清除阅读障碍Ⅰ.一词多义练1．根据语境选出handle的含义A．vt.处理　B．v.操纵　C．n.把手　D．vt.(用手)触，拿①The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. [2022·全国甲卷]________②I wasn't sure if I culd handle such a pwerful car. ________③Tea in China was traditinally drunk frm cups withut handles．________④We must learn t handle cnflicts calmly and wisely.________
2．根据语境选出subscribe短语的含义A.订阅　B．赞成；同意　C．捐助①He subscribes t the view that we can tackle the severe prblem in this way nce and fr all.________②This is the schl the utstanding and patritic scientist subscribed t generusly in the past.________③Using the mney I earned in the hliday，I have subscribed t multiple magazines recently.________
Ⅱ.熟词生义练1．The engine is used fr pumping water ut f the mine. ______________2．The research lacks slid prf，and therefre，its cnclusins are dubtful.____________3．They shifted their viewpints frequently. [2020·江苏卷] ____________
vt.改变(观点或态度等)
维度二　读后续写微技能——动作描写之hand动“手”积 累 常 诵
第一步：按要求用表“动手”的表达和其他描写方法补全以下各句，并背诵①一只小蝴蝶，正拼命扇动翅膀却无法从地面上飞起来。A single butterfly was crazily fluttering its wings but culd nt _______________. ②在它面前是卡车的轮胎。___________________________________________________________③我不假思索就下了车，举起手不让卡车司机往前走，然后弯下腰去看那只蝴蝶。Withut thinking I gt ut f my car, ___________________________ _________________，and _________________________. (肢体动作描写)
get ff the grund
It was right in frnt f a truck's tire.
held my hand up s the truck driver wuldn't mve frward
bent dwn t lk at the butterfly
④我发现它的一条腿陷进了水洼里，看上去有点像苏打水。__________________________ what lked like sda. ⑤我俯下身，尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心。I reached dwn and ______________________________________. (动作描写) ⑥我托起它的腿。忽然间，它自由了。我摊开双手，它朝蓝天飞去。I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free._______________________________________. (动作描写) ⑦我的目光似乎更加明亮。我看着它，心里感到更轻松了。______________________ and my wn heart felt lighter as I watched it. (情感描写)
I fund ne f its legs was stuck in
cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I culd
I spread my hands and up flew it twards the blue sky
My wn eyes shne brighter
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇
A single butterfly was crazily fluttering its wings but culd nt get ff the grund. It was right in frnt f a truck's tire. Withut thinking I gt ut f my car, held my hand up s the truck driver wuldn't mve frward, and bent dwn t lk at the butterfly. I fund ne f its legs was stuck in what lked like sda. I reached dwn and cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I culd. I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free. I spread my hands and up flew it twards the blue sky. My wn eyes shne brighter and my wn heart felt lighter as I watched it.