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第18讲 阅读理解重难题型：议论文+说明文（拔高版）（测试）-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（解析版）
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这是一份第18讲 阅读理解重难题型：议论文+说明文（拔高版）（测试）-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（解析版），共18页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分100分)，2% t 26等内容，欢迎下载使用。
议论文+说明文（拔高版）
姓名__________ 得分________
阅读理解 (共40小题，每题2.5分，满分100分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1.（2023·广东广州·统考二模）
The best ideas are ften s smart, s simple and s clearly needed; it’s strange t discver they dn’t already exist. S it is with Farm My Schl, a prgram that’s turning underused land at secndary schls int cmmercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and fr lcal cmmunities.
C-funded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educatr James McLennan, Farm My Schl cnnects lcal peple and rganizatins thrugh vlunteering that helps establish a schl’s market garden. Students learn abut cmmunity netwrks, healthy eating, eclgical respnsibility, waste reductin and climate relief while helping with fd prductin. Schls integrate all these int their curses while prducing vegetable bxes every week that feed lcal families, supply the schl’s fd needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.
Farm My Schl has gained the extrardinary enthusiasm f the lcals, wh answered an nline shut-ut t buy tickets t the prgram’s launch event at Bell Secndary Schl last Octber. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured wrkshps by Ben and James t share the skills required t build what they say is the wrld’s largest n-dig garden. “It was such a pwerful event, and I think that cmes dwn t peple wanting t act nw,” says James. “We charged fr the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks t get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We’ve gt true cmmunity buy-in.”
Vlunteers have since begun beneficial planting thrughut the schl. Next steps include further discussins with lcal cmmunities, emplying a farmer, and bringing in a teacher t develp curses. “We’ve seen this huge push twards seeing schls as regenerative spaces, nt just fr planting but fr kids t be mre cnnected t the utside wrld, and really seeing the schl in a whle new light,” James says. “Fr us, the big excitement is that by allwing a prfessinal farmer t take the respnsibility f grwing fd, it’s nt nly n the schl t lk after that farm anymre, which eventually makes it much mre sustainable,” adds Ben.
1．Why was Farm My Schl funded?
A．T raise the incme f the lcal peple.
B．T advcate a cmmercial farming plan.
C．T prvide free fd fr lcal cmmunities.
D．T turn underused campus land int market gardens.
2．Hw d schls invlve students int the prgram?
A．By develping prgram-based curses.
B．By rganizing vluntary wrk in cmmunities.
C．By ffering them part-time jbs in the market gardens.
D．By encuraging them t prduce daily vegetable bxes.
3．What des the underlined wrd “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Cmpetitin.
B．Investment.
C．Supprt.
D．Prtectin.
4．What is the highlight f the prgram accrding t Ben?
A．It brings in mney t supprt the schl.
B．The schl farm will be able t last lng.
C．The lcal peple will take care f the farm.
D．Students cnnect mre with the utside wrld.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“我的学校农场”项目将中学未充分利用的土地转化为商业上可实现的可再生市场菜园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“S it is with Farm My Schl, a prgram that’s turning underused land at secndary schls int cmmercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and fr lcal cmmunities.(‘我的学校农场’项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利用的土地变成商业上可实现的再生市场花园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务)”可知，我的学校是为了把未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园而建立的。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Students learn abut cmmunity netwrks, healthy eating, eclgical respnsibility, waste reductin and climate relief while helping with fd prductin. Schls integrate all these int their curses while prducing vegetable bxes every week that feed lcal families, supply the schl’s fd needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.(学生们在帮助粮食生产的同时，学习社区网络、健康饮食、生态责任、减少废物和缓解气候。学校将所有这些整合到他们的课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，为当地家庭提供食物，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民的工资)”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与到项目中来。故选A项。
3．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“We charged fr the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks t get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. (我们收取了体验费，600个人来了！他们甚至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们做园艺一直干到半夜。太神奇了)”说明大家很支持这个项目，从而推知划线词句“We’ve gt true cmmunity buy-in.(我们得到了真正的社区buy-in)”其中划线词应为“支持，认可”的意思。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Fr us, the big excitement is that by allwing a prfessinal farmer t take the respnsibility f grwing fd, it’s nt nly n the schl t lk after that farm anymre, which eventually makes it much mre sustainable,’ adds Ben.(Ben补充说：‘对我们来说，最令人兴奋的是，允许专业农民承担种植食物的责任，不再仅仅是学校来照看农场，这最终使它更具可持续性。’)”可知，该项目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长时间。故选B项。
2.（2023·广东阳江·统考一模）
If yu’ve ever emerged frm the shwer r returned frm yur walk with a clever idea r a slutin t a prblem yu had been struggling with, it may nt be a surprise. Rather than cnstantly cncentrating n a prblem, research frm the last 15 years suggests that peple may be mre likely t have creative breakthrughs when they’re ding a habitual task that desn’t require much thught.
“Peple always get surprised when they realize they get interesting, nvel ideas at unexpected times,” says Kalina Christff, a scientist at the University f British Clumbia in Vancuver, “because ur culture tells us that we shuld d it thrugh hard wrk.”
Nw researchers begin t understand why these clever thughts ccur during mre passive activities and what’s happening in the brain. They have fund that the key is a series f brain activities—within what’s called the default mde (DM) netwrk—that ccur while an individual is resting r perfrming habitual tasks that dn’t require much attentin.
“Simply put, it is a state that yur brain returns t when yu’re relaxed,” explains Christff. “By cntrast, when yu’re wrking n a demanding task, the brain’s executive cntrl (EC) systems keep yur thinking fcused, analytical, and lgical.”
Researchers find that the DM netwrk is als invlved in the early stages f idea generatin, drawing frm past experiences and knwledge abut the wrld. When yur mind wanders, yu’re allwing thughts t playfully crss yur mind, which helps yu cmbine infrmatin and ideas in new ways and smething clicks.
“A cautinary nte: While the DM netwrk plays a key rle in the creative prcess, it is the EC systems that help yu t evaluate and apply the creative ideas effectively t yur prblems in the real wrld,” Christff says. “S it’s unwise t place blind faith in the discvery that creative ideas can be generated in the shwer r during any ther kinds f mind wandering. Instead, yu have t d the wrk t set the grundwrk fr creative ideas t emerge in the first place.”
5．What is the mst unlikely functin f the EC systems?
A．T start yur thinking prcess.B．T help yu analyze.
C．T let yu get nvel ideasD．T keep yu fcused.
6．What d the underlined wrds “smething clicks” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．A clever idea ccurs.B．Smething drps dwn.
C．A memry disappears.D．A funny thught happens.
7．What is Kalina Christff’s attitude t the culture f hard wrk?
A．Disapprving.B．Psitive.C．Dubtful.D．Uncncerned.
8．Which statement might the authr agree with?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．Everything cmes t him wh waits.
D．All wrk and n break makes Jack a dull by.
【答案】5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创意经常会在放松状态下出现的心理机制。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“‘By cntrast, when yu’re wrking n a demanding task, the brain’s executive cntrl (EC) systems keep yur thinking fcused, analytical, and lgical.’”（“相比之下，当你在处理一项要求很高的任务时，大脑的执行控制系统(EC)会让你的思维保持集中、分析性和逻辑性。”）”可知，EC系统主导的是有意识的思维活动而不是无意识的创意思维活动，让你开始思维过程，帮助你分析，保持你集中，不能让你获得新的想法。故选C。
6．词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Researchers find that the DM netwrk is als invlved in the early stages f idea generatin, drawing frm past experiences and knwledge abut the wrld.（研究人员发现，DM网络也参与了想法产生的早期阶段，从过去的经验和对世界的了解中汲取知识。）”结合划线句“When yur mind wanders, yu’re allwing thughts t playfully crss yur mind, which helps yu cmbine infrmatin and ideas in new ways and smething clicks.( 当你走神的时候，你允许一些想法在你的脑海中嬉戏，这有助于你以新的方式结合信息和想法，并smething clicks。)”可推断，smething clicks与idea generatin所表达的意思相近，即当走神时，想法在我们的脑海中嬉戏，有助于我们以新的方式将信息和想法结合起来，这样一个聪明的想法就产生了。故划线部分与A项“一个聪明的想法产生”意思相符。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“S it’s unwise t place blind faith in the discvery that creative ideas can be generated in the shwer r during any ther kinds f mind wandering. Instead, yu have t d the wrk t set the grundwrk fr creative ideas t emerge in the first place.”（盲目相信创造性的想法可以在淋浴或任何其他类型的走神过程中产生是不明智的。相反，你必须先做一些工作，为创意的出现打下基础）”可知，Kalina Christff认为不能盲目相信在走神过程中会产生是不明智的，还是要努力为创意的出现打好基础，因此推断他对努力工作这一文化持正面态度的。故选B。
8．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据第一段“If yu’ve ever emerged frm the shwer r returned frm yur walk with a clever idea r a slutin t a prblem yu had been struggling with, it may nt be a surprise. Rather than cnstantly cncentrating n a prblem, research frm the last 15 years suggests that peple may be mre likely t have creative breakthrughs when they’re ding a habitual task that desn’t require much thught.（如果你曾经洗完澡或散步回来，想到了一个聪明的主意或解决了你一直在纠结的问题，这可能并不奇怪。过去15年的研究表明，人们在做一项不需要太多思考的习惯性任务时，可能更有可能取得创造性突破，而不是一直专注于一个问题）”可知，大脑机制决定了只有劳逸结合才能富有创意。由此推知，作者可能会同意D项“只工作不休息，聪明孩子也变傻”的说法。故选D。
3.（2023·福建省德化第一中学校联考一模）
Is there a single wrd that mtivates us mre than “weekend”? It’s like the prmise f a sweet hliday fllwing what seems like lng-time exhaustin. It’s the spring in ur step that gets buncier with each passing day — until by Friday, we’re practically bumping ur heads against the ceiling.
The truble is that the weekend is a rip-ff. Yu think yu’re getting 48 hurs f uncnditinal dwntime, but reality takes a discunt. In fact, it takes mst f Sunday. That’s when anxiety cmes creeping in and anther cuntdwn begins: 12 hurs until Mnday. Sure, the weekend is free time. But the munting stress f an incming Mnday can ease any jy yu might get frm a Sunday evening.
That feeling is s cmmn amng the Mnday-t-Friday crwd that there’s even mre than ne name fr it: the Sunday Scaries, r Sunday Fear Syndrme. Ging frm a cuntdwn t the weekend t a cuntdwn t Mnday can be difficult. Even mnster.cm — a website that specializes in binding humans t the Mnday-t-Friday cycle — admits it’s a prblem. In a survey, Mnster fund that 76% f Americans have “really had” Sunday night blues.
Fr mst peple, Sunday is n hliday at all. It may all cme dwn t the same prblem: We can’t stp thinking abut tmrrw. Even wrse, we may develp sme dwnright unhealthy cping strategies fr that transitin frm weekends t Mnday. Sme might resists — staying up late, milking every minute f a fleeting Sunday in the frm f mind-numbing distractins.
But why shuld Mnday cast such a lng and fearful shadw n ur lives? Maybe it’s because the cunter is reset and the weekend, r happiness, seems at furthest pint. If, like mst f us, yu have a tlerable jb, but dn’t much like the whle idea f wrking, there are plenty f ways t make Mndays a little less stressful. Mst imprtantly, dn’t leave any unsettled Friday business hanging ver the weekend. S, clear the decks and tie up lse ends.
9．What d we knw abut the weekend in Paragraph 2?
A．It is hard-earned.
B．It desn’t bring jy as expected.
C．It adds t peple’s anxiety and stress.
D．It prvides gd time t relax.
10．Why des the writer mentin mnster.cm in the text?
A．T clarify a questin.B．T shw its ppularity.
C．T prvides an illustratin.D．T supprt his idea.
11．What des the writer think f the way mst peple spend the weekend?
A．Tlerant.B．Cnservative.C．Unwise.D．Practical.
12．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Why Peple Are Stressed Out n Fridays
B．Why Mnday Takes a Bite ut f Sunday
C．Why a Cuntdwn t the Weekend Is Difficult
D．Why Mnday Casts a Fearful Shadw n Our Lives
【答案】9．B 10．D 11．C 12．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多人会因为即将到来的周一而充满焦虑，无法好好享受周末，而且这种现象在人群中非常普遍。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That’s when anxiety cmes creeping in and anther cuntdwn begins: 12 hurs until Mnday. Sure, the weekend is free time. But the munting stress f an incming Mnday can ease any jy yu might get frm a Sunday evening.（这时，焦虑悄然袭来，另一个倒计时开始了：离周一还有12个小时。当然，周末是自由时间。但是，即将到来的周一带来的压力会让你从周日晚上获得的快乐荡然无余。）”可知，周末并不像预想的那样充满快乐，周天总是笼罩在周一即将到来的焦虑中，会感到充满压力。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Even mnster.cm — a website that specializes in binding humans t the Mnday-t-Friday cycle — admits it’s a prblem. In a survey, Mnster fund that 76% f Americans have “really had” Sunday night blues.（就连mnster.cm——一个专门将人与周一到周五的周期绑定起来的网站——也承认这是个问题。Mnster在一项调查中发现，76%的美国人“真的有”周日夜忧郁。）”可知，虽然Mnster是一个绑定人与周一到周五周期的网站，但是也承认周日恐惧症的存在。由此推知，作者提到这个网站是为了佐证前文提到的观点：周日恐惧症普遍存在。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Fr mst peple, Sunday is n hliday at all. It may all cme dwn t the same prblem: We can’t stp thinking abut tmrrw. Even wrse, we may develp sme dwnright unhealthy cping strategies fr that transitin frm weekends t Mnday. Sme might resists — staying up late, milking every minute f a fleeting Sunday in the frm f mind-numbing distractins.（对大多数人来说，星期天根本不是假日。这可能都归结为同一个问题：我们无法停止对明天的思考。更糟糕的是，为了从周末过渡到周一，我们可能会制定一些完全不健康的应对策略。有些人可能会抵制——熬夜，以让大脑麻木的分心形式榨取转瞬即逝的周日的每一分钟。）”可知，大多数人在过周末的时候，充满对周一的焦虑，有的甚至会有不健康的应对方式。由此可知，作者认为这种度过周末的方式并不明智。故选C项。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了很多人无法好好享受周末这一问题背后的原因，因为他们会因为即将到来的周一而充满焦虑。因此B项“为什么周一会蚕食周日”符合文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
4.（2023·福建宁德·福鼎市第一中学期末）
Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. Sme experts are cncerned abut the effects that distracted (分心) parenting may have n emtinal bnding and children’s language develpment, scial interactin, and safety.
If parents are incnsistently available, kids can get distressed and feel hurt, rejected, r ignred. They may have mre emtinal utbursts and feel alne. They may even stp trying t cmpete fr their parent’s attentin and start t lse emtinal cnnectins t their parents.
“There are times when kids really d need yur attentin and want yur recgnitin,” explains Crnic, a psychlgist. “Parents need t cmmunicate that their kids are valuable and imprtant, and children need t knw that parents care what they’re ding,” he says.
It can be tugh t respnd with sensitivity during tantrums, arguments, r ther challenging times with yur kids. “If parents respnd by being bad-tempered r aggressive themselves, children can cpy that behavir, and a negative cycle then cntinues t upgrade,” explains Dr. Carl Metzler, wh studies parenting at the Oregn Research Institute.
Accrding t Crnic, kids start t regulate their wn emtins and behavir arund age three. Up until then, they depend mre n yu t help them regulate their emtins, whether t calm them r help get them excited. “They’re watching yu t see hw yu d it and listening t hw yu talk t them abut it,” he explains. “Parents need t be gd self-regulatrs. Yu’re nt nly trying t regulate yur wn emtins in the mment, but helping yur child learn t manage their emtins and behavir.”
As kids becme better at managing their feelings and behavir, it’s imprtant t help them develp cping skills, like active prblem slving. Such skills can help them feel cnfident in handling what cmes their way.
“When parents engage psitively with their children, teaching them the behavirs and skills that they need t cpe with the wrld, children learn t fllw rules and regulate their wn feelings,” Metzler says.
13．What may distract parenting accrding t the text?
A．Wrking vertime.B．T much sleep.C．Negative emtins.D．Scial interactins.
14．What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．Bad habits f ignred children.B．Bad effects f parents’ absence.
C．The utcme f parents’ availability.D．The behavir f emtinal children.
15．What des the underlined wrd “tantrums” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Mental relaxatin.B．Extreme anger.C．Heated discussins.D．Desperate hunger.
16．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Be strict with yur childrenB．Regulate yur emtins
C．Stay available t yur childrenD．Set a gd example fr children
【答案】13．A 14．B 15．B 16．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现代生活中有很多事情会影响你对孩子的敏感和反应能力，父母缺席会直接影响到孩子的健康，因此当父母积极地与孩子接触，教他们应对世界所需的行为和技能时，孩子就会学会遵守规则，调节他们自己的情绪。
13．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. (现代生活中有很多事情会影响你对孩子的敏感和反应能力。这些因素包括额外的工作、睡眠不足以及移动设备等)”可知根据文章，加班可能会分散父母的注意力，故选A。
14．主旨大意题。文章第二段讲到“If parents are incnsistently available, kids can get distressed and feel hurt, rejected, r ignred. (如果父母不能总是陪伴孩子，孩子可能会感到痛苦，感到受伤、被拒绝或被忽视。)”可知第二段主要讲父母缺席的不良影响，故选B。
15．词义猜测题。文章第四段讲到“It can be tugh t respnd with sensitivity (敏感的回应可能很难)”以及划线单词后文“arguments, r ther challenging times with yur kids (争吵或与孩子的其他挑战性时刻)”可知第四段中带下划线的单词“tantrums”所在句子的意思是：在孩子发脾气、争吵或其他具有挑战性的时候，很难敏感地回应。可推知划线单词应接近于负面的消极的情绪，可能的意思是“极度愤怒”，故选B。
16．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了现代生活中有很多事情会影响你对孩子的敏感和反应能力，父母缺席会直接影响到孩子的健康，因此当父母积极地与孩子接触，教他们应对世界所需的行为和技能时，孩子就会学会遵守规则，调节他们自己的情绪。文章最后一段讲到“When parents engage psitively with their children, teaching them the behavirs and skills that they need t cpe with the wrld, children learn t fllw rules and regulate their wn feelings (当父母积极地与孩子接触，教他们应对世界所需的行为和技能时，孩子就会学会遵守规则，调节自己的情绪)”也有明确提示父母要积极地与孩子接触。可知文章的最佳标题是多陪伴孩子，故选C。
5.（2023·浙江绍兴·校联考模拟预测）
Seagrass meadws (海草床) are wnder plants grwing beneath the sea. They feed and shelter sea life and are masterful at string carbn. Thanks t the assistance f tiger sharks, a huge seagrass meadw in the Bahamas Banks has been discvered, ffering the wrld a tl t fight climate change.
Seagrass has usually been detected by Earth-rbiting satellites that identify darker spts in the blue water. In a recent study, tiger sharks were selected as research tls due t their highly cnsistent assciatins with seagrass ecsystems. They spent 70% f their time in seagrass meadws. The team equipped eight tiger sharks with satellite labels, seven sharks with camera labels, and used a 360-degree camera n a shark fr the first time ever.
The data researchers cllected was astnishing. The wrld’s largest seagrass ecsystem, measuring at least 66,900 square kilmeters, has been discvered. This reflects a 41% increase frm previus estimates f glbal seagrass. Seagrass can capture (捕获) huge quantities f carbn by phtsynthesis (光合作用) and stres it n the seaflr. In terms f climate change, this is excellent news; seagrass is 35 times faster at remving carbn than trpical rainfrests. When referring t glbal seagrass carbn stck estimates, the study indicates that seagrass in the Bahamas may cntain 19.2% t 26.3% f all the carbn stred in seagrass meadws n Earth.
Yet seagrass meadws are rapidly disappearing, with ver 92% f meadws in the UK gne, accrding t the Wrld Wildlife Fund. Scientists are cllecting seeds and trying t grw new seagrass meadws thrugh restratin prjects. This new discvery ffers ptimism and prves the imprtance f the cean fr healing.
The sharks led us t the seagrass ecsystem in the Bahamas, which we nw knw is likely the mst significant blue carbn sink n the planet. What this discvery shws us is that cean explratin and research are essential fr a healthy future. The undevelped ptential f the cean is limitless. These meadws can be prtected and can be cpied, ffering hpe fr climate change arund the glbe.
17．Hw was the seagrass meadw in the Bahamas Banks discvered?
A．By analyzing satellites images.
B．By keeping track f tiger sharks.
C．By using a 360-degree camera.
D．By carrying ut restratin prjects.
18．What is the benefit f seagrass in terms f climate change?
A．Seagrass prvides fd fr tiger sharks.
B．Seagrass stres large amunts f carbn.
C．Seagrass absrbs wastes frm the cean.
D．Seagrass supplies a habitat t sea animals.
19．What is the main message cnveyed in the passage?
A．Tiger sharks are a tl t detect seagrass meadws.
B．Seagrass meadws are disappearing at an alarming rate.
C．Scientists are making prgress in restring seagrass meadws.
D．Seagrass meadws have a great ptential t fight climate change.
20．What is the writer’s attitude twards the discvery f seagrass meadws?
A．Cncerned.B．Psitive.C．Dubtful.D．Indifferent.
【答案】17．B 18．B 19．D 20．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在虎鲨的帮助下，巴哈马海岸发现了一片巨大的海草草地，为世界提供了应对气候变化的工具，因为海草可以通过光合作用捕获大量的碳，并将其储存在海底。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thanks t the assistance f tiger sharks, a huge seagrass meadw in the Bahamas Banks has been discvered, ffering the wrld a tl t fight climate change.(在虎鲨的帮助下，巴哈马群岛的一片巨大的海草草地被发现，为世界提供了对抗气候变化的工具)”可知，巴哈马群岛的海草草地是在虎鲨的帮助下被发现的，即通过追踪虎鲨被发现的。故选B项。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Seagrass can capture (捕获) huge quantities f carbn by phtsynthesis(光合作用) and stres it n the seaflr. In terms f climate change, this is excellent news(海草可以通过光合作用捕获大量的碳，并将其储存在海底。就气候变化而言，这是个好消息)”可知，就气候变化而言，海草好处是可以储存大量的碳。故选B项。
19．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了在虎鲨的帮助下，巴哈马海岸发现了一片巨大的海草草地，为世界提供了应对气候变化的工具，因为海草可以通过光合作用捕获大量的碳，并将其储存在海底。所以文章传达的主要信息是海草草地在应对气候变化方面具有巨大的潜力。故选D项。
20．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“This new discvery ffers ptimism and prves the imprtance f the cean fr healing.(这一新发现令人乐观，并证明了海洋对治愈的重要性)”和最后一段“These meadws can be prtected and can be cpied, ffering hpe fr climate change arund the glbe.(这些草地可以被保护和复制，为全球气候变化带来了希望)”可知，作者对海草草场的发现持积极态度。故选B项。
6.（2023·浙江宁波·统考模拟预测）
When I was in cllege, an acquaintance wh had graduated a few years ag came back t visit fr the weekend. As we walked arund campus n Saturday night, he flung his hands int the cld air and exclaimed, “Yu guys are s lucky; yu live a minute away frm all yur friends. Yu’ll never have this again.”
At that time, I thught it was kind f sad — a grwn man lnging fr my life f university husing and late library nights. But his wrds have stuck with me in the years since. “In adulthd, as peple grw up and g away, friendships are the relatinships mst likely t suffer,” my clleague Julie Beck wrte in 2015. Therefre, the lder yu get, the mre effrt it takes t maintain cnnectins, because yu dn’t have as many built-in pprtunities t see yur friends every day.
The writer Jennifer Senir nted last year that the fact f ur chsing friendships makes them bth fragile and special. “Yu have t cntinually invlve. That yu chse it is what gives it its value,” she wrte. But that’s als what makes friendships harder t hld n t as ur lives evlve.
It’s hard but nt impssible. Senir ntes that when it cmes t friendship, “we are ritual-deficient. S we have t create them: weekly phne calls, friendship anniversaries, rad trips, and s n.”
“Friendship is the rare kind f relatinship that remains frever available t us as we age,” Senir writes. “It’s a defender against stasis (停滞期), a ptential surce f creativity and revival in lives that therwise narrw with time.” It’s smething wrth chsing, ver and ver again.
21．It can be inferred frm Paragraph 1 that the writer’s friend prbably felt _______.
A．enviusB．irritatedC．sympatheticD．uneasy
22．Julie Beck might agree that ________.
A．it’s ridiculus fr adults t lng fr campus life
B．distance brings challenge t keeping friendships
C．peple d nt create enugh chances t meet with friends
D．when friends are apart, their friendships surely weaken as well
23．The fllwing ways can help peple hld n t friendships except _______.
A．celebrating imprtant daysB．ging n jurneys tgether
C．enlarging circles f friendsD．keeping in tuch with friends
24．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．The future f friendship.B．The rigin f friendship.
C．The nature f friendship.D．The definitin f friendship.
【答案】21．A 22．B 23．C 24．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从自身经历谈论了友谊，成年后由于距离原因友谊很难维持，但这也并非不可能，我们可以通过每周电话，友谊纪念日，公路旅行来维持它，友谊是一件值得反复选择的事情。
21．推理判断题。根据作者朋友说的话“Yu guys are s lucky; yu live a minute away frm all yur friends. Yu’ll never have this again.(你们太幸运了；你住的地方离你所有的朋友都只有一分钟的路程。你再也不会有这种感觉了)”可知，作者的朋友认为作者很幸运，故他应是感觉羡慕。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In adulthd, as peple grw up and g away, friendships are the relatinships mst likely t suffer,” my clleague Julie Beck wrte in 2015.(‘在成年期，随着人们长大和离开，友谊是最容易受到影响的关系，’我的同事Julie Beck在2015年写道)”可知，Julie Beck认为友谊最容易受到距离的影响，即距离给维持友谊带来挑战，故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“S we have t create them: weekly phne calls, friendship anniversaries, rad trips, and s n.(所以我们必须创造它们：每周电话，友谊纪念日，公路旅行，等等)”可知，庆祝重要节日、一起旅行和保持联系都是有助于维持友谊的方法，C项“扩大朋友圈”文章未提及。故选C。
24．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘Friendship is the rare kind f relatinship that remains frever available t us as we age,’ Senir writes. ‘It’s a defender against stasis (停滞期), a ptential surce f creativity and revival in lives that therwise narrw with time.’ It’s smething wrth chsing, ver and ver again.(‘友谊是一种罕见的关系，它会随着我们年龄的增长而永远存在，’Senir写道。‘它是对抗停滞期的捍卫者，是随着时间流逝而变得狭窄的生活中创造力和复兴的潜在来源。’它是一件值得反复选择的事情)”可知，本段主要谈论友谊的本质。故选C。
7.（2023·河北保定·统考一模）
There was a unique restaurant in Lndn that beat ut thusands f stylish restaurants t earn the tp ranking n the ppular TripAdvisr, despite nt existing.
The tale began with a belief that Obah Butler had develped after a part-time jb writing fake(虚假的)TripAdvisr reviews fr restaurants: The site was a “false reality”, despite millins f genuine reviews. He decided t see hw far he culd take a fake restaurant n the site s “The Shed at Dulwich” was brn. Butler created a web page with a menu based n emtins and attractive phtgraphs f dishes. He als listed its lcatin as the street he lived n with n address, calling it an “appintment- nly restaurant”, t avid being attacked by fact—checkers.
The Shed was unexpectedly apprved by TripAdvisr t be listed in May, starting ut as the 18,149th-ranked restaurant in the city: dead last. Butler began having family and friends fld the site with fake reviews. “Spent a weekend in Lndn and heard that this place is a must-visit,” ne wrte. “After a few mildly frustrating phne calls I was in.” Sn the custmers started calling. “We’re fully bked,” Butler tld the wuld-be diners. Hwever, the restaurant’s reputatin started t grw in TripAdvisr’s rankings. Sme cmpanies used an estimated lcatin f The Shed n Ggle t send free samples t Butler, expecting t wrk with him. In Nvember, Butler received a nte frm TripAdvisr saying The Shed had becme the N.1 ranked restaurant in Lndn!
Butler thught it was time t expse the trick. The stry has been praised as an incredible feat(事迹). Hwever, in an era that is increasingly being influenced by all f the disinfrmatin that can be fund nline, it has als served as anther reminder f the ease with which dishnest actrs are able t handle nline platfrms t smetimes unthinkable results.
25．What des Obah Butler think f TripAdvisr?
A．It is a reliable infrmatin surce.
B．It creates a false sense f reality.
C．It has t many genuine reviews.
D．It is a useful tl fr his part-time jb.
26．Hw was The Shed ranked the N.1 restaurant?
A．By ffering discunts and special deals.
B．By sending free samples t custmers.
C．By getting a specific lcatin n ggle.
D．By flding the site with fake reviews.
27．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Butler earned peple’s trust.
B．False infrmatin can be disastrus.
C．Online infrmatin is threatening ur safety.
D．Online platfrms are ttally unreliable nw.
28．What message des the stry cnvey?
A．N investigatin, n right t speak.
B．Well began is half dne.
C．Hnesty is the best plicy.
D．Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
【答案】25．B 26．D 27．B 28．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是一个根本不存在的独特的餐厅，经过网上虚假的评论后，成为TripAdvisr网排名第一的餐厅。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The tale began with a belief that Obah Butler had develped after a part-time jb writing fake(虚假的)TripAdvisr reviews fr restaurants: The site was a “false reality”, despite millins f genuine reviews.(故事开始时，人们认为欧巴·巴特勒(Obah Butler)是在一个猫途鹰上为餐馆写假评论的兼职工作后发展起来的：该网站是一个“虚假的现实”，尽管有数百万条真实的评论。)”可知，Obah Butler认为TripAdvisr这个网站提供了一个虚假的真实感。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Butler began having family and friends fld the site with fake reviews. “Spent a weekend in Lndn and heard that this place is a must-visit,” ne wrte. “After a few mildly frustrating phne calls I was in.” Sn the custmers started calling. “We’re fully bked,” Butler tld the wuld-be diners.( Butler开始让家人和朋友在网站上发布虚假评论。“在伦敦度过了一个周末，听说这个地方是必去之地，”一个人写道。“在打了几个有点沮丧的电话后，我就进去了。”很快，顾客们开始打电话来。“我们已经订满了，”巴特勒告诉想要来用餐的人。)”可知，Butler让他的家人和朋友开始在网上发布假的评论，进而引发了很多人都信以为真，很快这家餐厅的声誉在猫途鹰的排名中开始上升，由此可知，The Shed飙升至排名第一位是整个网上充斥着虚假评论的结果。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hwever, in an era that is increasingly being influenced by all f the disinfrmatin that can be fund nline, it has als served as anther reminder f the ease with which dishnest actrs are able t handle nline platfrms t smetimes unthinkable results.( 然而，在一个越来越多地受到网上虚假信息影响的时代，它也再次提醒我们，不诚实的行为者能够轻松地利用在线平台，有时产生不可想象的结果。)”可知，不诚实的行为者能够轻松地利用在线平台，有时产生不可想象的结果，由此可推断，虚假信息可能是灾难性的。故选B项。
28．主旨大意题。结合本文讲述的关于The Shed的案例以及最后一段中的“Hwever, in an era that is increasingly being influenced by all f the disinfrmatin that can be fund nline, it has als served as anther reminder f the ease with which dishnest actrs are able t handle nline platfrms t smetimes unthinkable results.(然而，在一个越来越多地受到网上虚假信息影响的时代，它也再次提醒我们，不诚实的行为者能够轻松地利用在线平台，有时产生不可想象的结果。)”可知，在一个受网络虚假信息影响的时代，被不诚实的人利用在线平台会产生不可想象的结果，由此可知，在这个信息时代了，不能在不知事情真相的情况下胡乱写一些虚假的评论，也就是没有调查就没有发言权。故选A项。
8.（2023·湖南娄底·统考模拟预测）
We grw up ging t schl and learning abut “cmmn cre” subjects, alng with thers. We are als given infrmatin abut things frm the media, gvernments, and the Internet. We are cnditined by all f this infrmatin t see reality. But all that learning is nt as imprtant as it’s made ut t be. In fact, it can be limiting yu t a life f medicrity (平庸).
The mre yu learn abut things, whether they are true r nt, the mre rigid yur reality becmes. The less pssible certain things seem t be limiting yur ability t imagine pssibilities as a child des. This ges fr infrmatin as well as applied activities.
This is nt t say that yu shuld nt learn anything. The key is, yu shuld be able t learn, unlearn, and relearn. Yu shuld be able t get rid f infrmatin that becmes cntradicted by smething with mre evidence supprting it, and reprgram ver things which n lnger serve yur cntinued evlutin.
The sner yu allw yurself t g thrugh the prcess f unlearning, the easier it will be t unlearn things which are limiting yur ability t see things as the limitless pssibilities they are. As Seneca nce said,“The mind is slw t unlearn what it learned early. ” This is why yu see ld peple becme set in their ways,being imprisned by the same beliefs they had in their yuth. Once thse beliefs are frmed in the brain, it will take smething extrardinary t reprgram ver them.
Yu can g abut unlearning by making a list f a few beliefs yu have abut things which yu feel may be hlding yu back frm evlving. Then explre what else is pssible in regards t thse areas and take actin. When yu cme acrss infrmatin and receive greater understanding n smething, make it a part f yur reality and belief system.
Remind yurself that even thugh sme new infrmatin has replaced what yu believed was true and wrth cntinuing t supprt, it may ne day als be replaced by smething even mre cnsistent with truth and mre helpful with yur evlutin.
Learning t unlearn is the highest frm f learning. Yu will begin t ntice yu are grwing nce again.
29．When shuld yu unlearn things?
A．When they becme bring.B．When they are n lnger helpful.
C．When they are against yur beliefs.D．When they are difficult t learn.
30．What is the purpse f mentining ld peple in paragraph 4?
A．T prve that the mind is slw t unlearn.
B．T prve that unlearning shuld be dne early.
C．T shw that it is hard fr yung peple t unlearn.
D．T shw that it’s unnecessary fr ld peple t unlearn.
31．What message des the authr intend t get t us in paragraph 6?
A．Unlearning never ends.B．Unlearning requires patience.
C．Unlearning is a slw prcess.D．Unlearning may be unsuccessful.
32．What advice can be given accrding t the cncept f unlearning?
A．Never learn useless things.B．Always believe in yurself.
C．Always seek smething better.D．Never try t get t much.
【答案】29．B 30．B 31．A 32．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了对于“unlearning”这种舍弃原先所学，以重新学习更好的东西的学习方式，做得越早，就越容易做。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Yu shuld be able t get rid f infrmatin that becmes cntradicted by smething with mre evidence supprting it, and reprgram ver things which n lnger serve yur cntinued evlutin.(你应该能够摆脱那些与有更多证据支持它的东西相矛盾的信息，并重新编程那些不再为你的持续进化服务的东西。)”可知，当你学习的东西不再有帮助时，你应该抛弃它们。故选B。
30．推理判断题。第四段中“The sner yu allw yurself t g thrugh the prcess f unlearning, the easier it will be t unlearn things which are limiting yur ability t see things as the limitless pssibilities they are.(你越早允许自己完成忘记的过程，就越容易忘记那些限制你看到事物无限可能性的东西。)”为论点，基本内容为：对于“unlearning”这种舍弃原先所学，以重新学习更好的东西的学习方式，做得越早，就越容易做。“As Seneca nce said, The mind is slw t unlearn what it learned early. This is why yu see ld peple becme set in their ways, being imprisned by the same beliefs they had in their yuth. Once thse beliefs are frmed in the brain, it will take smething extrardinary t reprgram ver them.(正如塞内加曾经说过的：“头脑是不容易忘记早期所学的东西的。”这就是为什么你会看到老年人变得固步自封，被他们年轻时的信仰所禁锢。一旦这些信念在大脑中形成，就需要一些非凡的东西来重新编程。)”则为论据：舍弃早先所学的东西，这在大脑中是一个缓慢的过程。所以人若老了，思维便固化了，易受年轻时所形成的信念的束缚，就很难去进行“unlearning”了。所以本段提到“ld peple”，其目的是引出支撑论点的论据。故选B。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章第六段“Remind yurself that even thugh sme new infrmatin has replaced what yu believed was true and wrth cntinuing t supprt, it may ne day als be replaced by smething even mre cnsistent with truth and mre helpful with yur evlutin.( 提醒自己，即使一些新的信息已经取代了你认为是正确的、值得继续支持的东西，但它可能有一天也会被一些更符合事实、对你的进化更有帮助的东西取代。)”可知，本段的基本意思是今天用来取代旧事物的新事物有朝一日又会被更好的事物所取代，言下之意是这种取代的过程是不断持续的。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“The sner yu allw yurself t g thrugh the prcess f unlearning, the easier it will be t unlearn things which are limiting yur ability t see things as the limitless pssibilities they are.(你越早允许自己完成忘记的过程，就越容易忘记那些限制你看到事物无限可能性的东西。)”和第六段“Remind yurself that even thugh sme new infrmatin has replaced what yu believed was true and wrth cntinuing t supprt, it may ne day als be replaced by smething even mre cnsistent with truth and mre helpful with yur evlutin.( 提醒自己，即使一些新的信息已经取代了你认为是正确的、值得继续支持的东西，但它可能有一天也会被一些更符合事实、对你的进化更有帮助的东西取代。)”可知，“unlearning”的基本概念是舍弃原先所学，以便重新学习更好的东西。由此可推知，“unlearning”的概念建议永远追求更好的东西。故选C。
9.（2023·湖北·校联考模拟预测）
Science fictin has always been the surce f all srts f wnderful ideas abut what life might be like in years t cme. Writers, film-makers and vide game designers have all turned their imaginatins t the effects technlgy might have n ur future. Nw it seems like we’re finally catching up with sme f these futuristic ideas thanks t nantechnlgy.
Nanscience fcuses n the study f tiny mlecules – nly ne billinth f a meter in size. Fr years, nanscience has explred ways f applying this research t different types f technlgy, and recently it has begun t engender mre and mre diverse and fascinating develpments.
Imagine a substance with the ability t heal any wund almst immediately. This is a cmmn feature in vide games; when characters suffer injuries, a gel (凝胶) is applied which heals them and prlngs (延长) their lives. Nt lng ag, it seemed impssible t recreate this in real life. But nw, by extracting plysaccharide plymers (多糖聚合物) frm the cell walls f plants, scientists have created a gel which will hld a wund tgether and rapidly stp any bleeding withut the need fr pressure t be applied. Althugh nt yet available in hspitals, this gel is likely t help medical prfessinals treat patients with serius injuries mre effectively.
While sme advances in nantechnlgy might imprve ur health and safety, thers culd have the ppsite effect. In the fd industry, nanparticles (纳米粒子) are already in use t imprve the appearance f prducts. The prblem is, nanparticles are mre reactive in the bdy, and n tests have been dne t check their safety. In effect, we are all part f a real-life experiment. Will they help r hurt? Nbdy knws.
What is clear is that nantechnlgy has huge ptential fr shaping ur lives in the cming decades. Even if we can’t see it with ur eyes, we will surely see the impact n ur surrundings, and perhaps ur bdies. In the future, the lines between reality and science fictin are likely t becme even mre blurred.
33．What des the underlined wrd “engender” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Fcus n.B．Bring abut.C．Slw dwn.D．Deal with.
34．What d we knw abut the gel mentined in paragraph 3?
A．It can make peple live lnger.
B．It can replace the need fr surgery.
C．It is designed fr high-pressure situatins.
D．It is expected t be used in emergency treatment.
35．What des the authr think abut the effects f nantechnlgy n fd?
A．They are lng-lasting.B．They are verestimated.
C．They are currently unclear.D．They are surprisingly beneficial.
36．What is the authr’s attitude t nantechnlgy?
A．Objective.B．Indifferent.C．Cnservative.D．Disapprving.
【答案】33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是纳米技术的优点和可能会带来的问题。
33．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“nanscience has explred ways f applying this research t different types f technlgy(纳米科学已经探索了将这项研究应用于不同类型的技术的方法)”和“mre and mre diverse and fascinating develpments(越来越多样化和极有吸引力的发展)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“多年来，纳米科学已经探索了将这项研究应用于不同类型的技术的方法，最近它已经开始产生越来越多样化和引人入胜的发展”，划线词engender意为“引起，带来”，和bring abut意思相近，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段的“But nw, by extracting plysaccharide plymers (多糖聚合物) frm the cell walls f plants, scientists have created a gel which will hld a wund tgether and rapidly stp any bleeding withut the need fr pressure t be applied. Althugh nt yet available in hspitals, this gel is likely t help medical prfessinals treat patients with serius injuries mre effectively.(但现在，通过从植物细胞壁中提取多糖聚合物，科学家们已经制造出一种凝胶，它可以将伤口粘合在一起，无需施加压力就能迅速止血。虽然还没有在医院中使用，但这种凝胶可能会帮助医疗专业人员更有效地治疗严重受伤的病人。)”可知，这种凝胶很好，所以预计将用于紧急治疗。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“In the fd industry, nanparticles (纳米粒子) are already in use t imprve the appearance f prducts. The prblem is, nanparticles are mre reactive in the bdy, and n tests have been dne t check their safety. In effect, we are all part f a real-life experiment. Will they help r hurt? Nbdy knws.(在食品工业中，纳米颗粒已经被用于改善产品的外观。问题是，纳米颗粒在体内的反应性更强，而且没有测试来检查它们的安全性。实际上，我们都是现实生活实验的一部分。它们会带来帮助还是伤害？没有人知道。)”可知，作者对纳米技术对食品的影响的看法是目前还不清楚。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Nw it seems like we’re finally catching up with sme f these futuristic ideas thanks t nantechnlgy.(现在看来，多亏了纳米技术，我们终于赶上了这些未来主义的想法。)”，第四段的“Will they help r hurt? Nbdy knws.(它们会带来帮助还是伤害？没有人知道。)”和最后一段的“What is clear is that nantechnlgy has huge ptential fr shaping ur lives in the cming decades. Even if we can’t see it with ur eyes, we will surely see the impact n ur surrundings, and perhaps ur bdies.(很清楚的是，纳米技术在未来几十年有巨大的潜力来改变我们的生活。即使我们不能用眼睛看到它，我们也肯定会看到它对我们周围的环境，甚至我们的身体的影响。)”可知，作者在这篇文章里既说了纳米技术的好，也说了不好，所以作者的态度是客观的，故选A。
10.（2023·山东烟台·统考二模）
“I knw when t g ut, and when t stay in.”, English rck star David Bwie nce cnfidently sang in his hit single. When it cmes t cnsuming fd, the decisiveness claimed by the singer-sngwriter is hard t achieve. I disagree with the statement and argue it’s better t eat ut than t rder hme delivery.
T begin with, when setting ft in a restaurant, we’re immediately greeted nt nly by a server ready t seat us, but by a fld f physical feelings—the eyes take in the internal decratin f the place, the nse breathes in the pleasant smell f expertly plated fd and the ears pick up n cmpeting sunds f custmer chatter and attractive in-stre music. T eat ut is t experience an atmsphere unique t each restaurant. Smething as special as that simply can’t be reprduced by rdering hme delivery. Eating ut is, withut dubt, the mre exciting and thus better chice.
Eating ut becmes even mre appealing when staying hme prves t painful. Whether it is because we need a temprary fight frm ur family r that we simply want t spend sme quality time utside with lved nes, ging ut fr a meal can be a break frm the hard labur f dmestic living.
We culd take it as an pprtunity fr self-care—t treat urselves by dressing up, arriving in style at a fancy restaurant and rdering a slightly mre luxurius meal t refresh ur weary sul. Ordering hme delivery wuld nly cntribute t feelings f being penned in while; eating ut is an escape fr the trapped individual. Fd delivery app users reasn it’s a truble and less cnvenient t dress up and eat ut.
Hwever, it’s wrth nting we may nt always get ur fd in the mst satisfactry cnditin when pting fr hme delivery. There’s a risk f receiving fd rders with missing items r even entirely wrng rders that can’t be sent back. What we sacrifice fr cnvenience might just wind up being incnvenient. Cnsequently, it makes mre sense t eat ut rather than risk disappintment by rdering hme delivery.
37．What des the authr mainly talk abut?
A．Dining ptins.B．Cuisine culture.
C．Cnsumptin level.D．Fd categries.
38．What advantage f eating ut is highlighted in paragraph 2?
A．Quality service.B．Cmfrt and cnvenience.
C．Sensry enjyment.D．A reasnable mix f nutritin.
39．What des the authr think f rdering hme delivery?
A．It’s quite pricey.B．It may let cnsumers dwn.
C．It may cause fd waste.D．It’s nt envirnmental-friendly.
40．Hw is the text develped?
A．By prviding examples.B．By fllwing space rder.
C．By making cmparisns.D．By analyzing mental prcesses.
【答案】37．A 38．C 39．B 40．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，告诉读者“在外面吃饭”是更好的选择。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“I disagree with the statement and argue it’s better t eat ut than t rder hme delivery.”（我不同意这种说法，并认为在外面吃饭比点外卖送到家要好。）和最后一段关键句“Cnsequently, it makes mre sense t eat ut rather than risk disappintment by rdering hme delivery.”（因此，在外就餐更有意义，而不是冒着失望的风险点外卖送到家。）可知，作者在文章中把“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，认为在外就餐更有意义。由此可知，作者主要谈论了用餐选择问题。故选A项。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“T begin with, when setting ft in a restaurant, we’re immediately greeted nt nly by a server ready t seat us, but by a fld f physical feelings—the eyes take in the internal decratin f the place, the nse breathes in the pleasant smell f expertly plated fd and the ears pick up n cmpeting sunds f custmer chatter and attractive in-stre music.”（首先，当我们走进一家餐厅时，迎接我们的不仅是一位准备让我们就座的服务员，还有一种洪流般的身体感觉——眼睛注视着餐厅的内部装饰，鼻子呼吸着精心烹制的食物的怡人气味，耳朵听到顾客相互竞争的聊天声和吸引人的店内音乐。）可知，第二段强调了外出就餐可以让眼睛、鼻子和耳朵等感官都获得享受。由此可知，第二段强调了外出就餐的好处是可以获得感官上的享受。故选C项。
39．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“There’s a risk f receiving fd rders with missing items r even entirely wrng rders that can’t be sent back. What we sacrifice fr cnvenience might just wind up being incnvenient. Cnsequently, it makes mre sense t eat ut rather than risk disappintment by rdering hme delivery.”（收到的食品订单有丢失的风险，甚至是无法退回的完全错误的订单。我们为了方便而牺牲的东西最终可能会变得不方便。因此，在外就餐更有意义，而不是冒着失望的风险点外卖送到家。）可知，作者认为点外卖面临着订单丢失或订单错误的风险，这会让我们感到失望。由此可知，作者认为点外卖送到家可能会让消费者失望。故选B项。
40．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“T eat ut is t experience an atmsphere unique t each restaurant. Smething as special as that simply can’t be reprduced by rdering hme delivery.”（外出就餐是为了体验每一家餐厅特有的氛围。像这样特别的东西根本无法通过点外卖送到家来复制。）和第三段关键句“Eating ut becmes even mre appealing when staying hme prves t painful.”（当待在家里太痛苦时，外出就餐变得更有吸引力。）可知，作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，告诉读者“在外面吃饭”的好处。由此可知，文章是通过比较发展起来的。故选C项。
议论文+说明文（拔高版）
姓名__________ 得分________
阅读理解 (共40小题，每题2.5分，满分100分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1.（2023·广东广州·统考二模）
The best ideas are ften s smart, s simple and s clearly needed; it’s strange t discver they dn’t already exist. S it is with Farm My Schl, a prgram that’s turning underused land at secndary schls int cmmercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and fr lcal cmmunities.
C-funded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educatr James McLennan, Farm My Schl cnnects lcal peple and rganizatins thrugh vlunteering that helps establish a schl’s market garden. Students learn abut cmmunity netwrks, healthy eating, eclgical respnsibility, waste reductin and climate relief while helping with fd prductin. Schls integrate all these int their curses while prducing vegetable bxes every week that feed lcal families, supply the schl’s fd needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.
Farm My Schl has gained the extrardinary enthusiasm f the lcals, wh answered an nline shut-ut t buy tickets t the prgram’s launch event at Bell Secndary Schl last Octber. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured wrkshps by Ben and James t share the skills required t build what they say is the wrld’s largest n-dig garden. “It was such a pwerful event, and I think that cmes dwn t peple wanting t act nw,” says James. “We charged fr the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks t get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We’ve gt true cmmunity buy-in.”
Vlunteers have since begun beneficial planting thrughut the schl. Next steps include further discussins with lcal cmmunities, emplying a farmer, and bringing in a teacher t develp curses. “We’ve seen this huge push twards seeing schls as regenerative spaces, nt just fr planting but fr kids t be mre cnnected t the utside wrld, and really seeing the schl in a whle new light,” James says. “Fr us, the big excitement is that by allwing a prfessinal farmer t take the respnsibility f grwing fd, it’s nt nly n the schl t lk after that farm anymre, which eventually makes it much mre sustainable,” adds Ben.
1．Why was Farm My Schl funded?
A．T raise the incme f the lcal peple.
B．T advcate a cmmercial farming plan.
C．T prvide free fd fr lcal cmmunities.
D．T turn underused campus land int market gardens.
2．Hw d schls invlve students int the prgram?
A．By develping prgram-based curses.
B．By rganizing vluntary wrk in cmmunities.
C．By ffering them part-time jbs in the market gardens.
D．By encuraging them t prduce daily vegetable bxes.
3．What des the underlined wrd “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Cmpetitin.
B．Investment.
C．Supprt.
D．Prtectin.
4．What is the highlight f the prgram accrding t Ben?
A．It brings in mney t supprt the schl.
B．The schl farm will be able t last lng.
C．The lcal peple will take care f the farm.
D．Students cnnect mre with the utside wrld.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“我的学校农场”项目将中学未充分利用的土地转化为商业上可实现的可再生市场菜园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“S it is with Farm My Schl, a prgram that’s turning underused land at secndary schls int cmmercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and fr lcal cmmunities.(‘我的学校农场’项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利用的土地变成商业上可实现的再生市场花园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务)”可知，我的学校是为了把未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园而建立的。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Students learn abut cmmunity netwrks, healthy eating, eclgical respnsibility, waste reductin and climate relief while helping with fd prductin. Schls integrate all these int their curses while prducing vegetable bxes every week that feed lcal families, supply the schl’s fd needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.(学生们在帮助粮食生产的同时，学习社区网络、健康饮食、生态责任、减少废物和缓解气候。学校将所有这些整合到他们的课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，为当地家庭提供食物，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民的工资)”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与到项目中来。故选A项。
3．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“We charged fr the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks t get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. (我们收取了体验费，600个人来了！他们甚至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们做园艺一直干到半夜。太神奇了)”说明大家很支持这个项目，从而推知划线词句“We’ve gt true cmmunity buy-in.(我们得到了真正的社区buy-in)”其中划线词应为“支持，认可”的意思。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Fr us, the big excitement is that by allwing a prfessinal farmer t take the respnsibility f grwing fd, it’s nt nly n the schl t lk after that farm anymre, which eventually makes it much mre sustainable,’ adds Ben.(Ben补充说：‘对我们来说，最令人兴奋的是，允许专业农民承担种植食物的责任，不再仅仅是学校来照看农场，这最终使它更具可持续性。’)”可知，该项目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长时间。故选B项。
2.（2023·广东阳江·统考一模）
If yu’ve ever emerged frm the shwer r returned frm yur walk with a clever idea r a slutin t a prblem yu had been struggling with, it may nt be a surprise. Rather than cnstantly cncentrating n a prblem, research frm the last 15 years suggests that peple may be mre likely t have creative breakthrughs when they’re ding a habitual task that desn’t require much thught.
“Peple always get surprised when they realize they get interesting, nvel ideas at unexpected times,” says Kalina Christff, a scientist at the University f British Clumbia in Vancuver, “because ur culture tells us that we shuld d it thrugh hard wrk.”
Nw researchers begin t understand why these clever thughts ccur during mre passive activities and what’s happening in the brain. They have fund that the key is a series f brain activities—within what’s called the default mde (DM) netwrk—that ccur while an individual is resting r perfrming habitual tasks that dn’t require much attentin.
“Simply put, it is a state that yur brain returns t when yu’re relaxed,” explains Christff. “By cntrast, when yu’re wrking n a demanding task, the brain’s executive cntrl (EC) systems keep yur thinking fcused, analytical, and lgical.”
Researchers find that the DM netwrk is als invlved in the early stages f idea generatin, drawing frm past experiences and knwledge abut the wrld. When yur mind wanders, yu’re allwing thughts t playfully crss yur mind, which helps yu cmbine infrmatin and ideas in new ways and smething clicks.
“A cautinary nte: While the DM netwrk plays a key rle in the creative prcess, it is the EC systems that help yu t evaluate and apply the creative ideas effectively t yur prblems in the real wrld,” Christff says. “S it’s unwise t place blind faith in the discvery that creative ideas can be generated in the shwer r during any ther kinds f mind wandering. Instead, yu have t d the wrk t set the grundwrk fr creative ideas t emerge in the first place.”
5．What is the mst unlikely functin f the EC systems?
A．T start yur thinking prcess.B．T help yu analyze.
C．T let yu get nvel ideasD．T keep yu fcused.
6．What d the underlined wrds “smething clicks” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．A clever idea ccurs.B．Smething drps dwn.
C．A memry disappears.D．A funny thught happens.
7．What is Kalina Christff’s attitude t the culture f hard wrk?
A．Disapprving.B．Psitive.C．Dubtful.D．Uncncerned.
8．Which statement might the authr agree with?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．Everything cmes t him wh waits.
D．All wrk and n break makes Jack a dull by.
【答案】5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创意经常会在放松状态下出现的心理机制。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“‘By cntrast, when yu’re wrking n a demanding task, the brain’s executive cntrl (EC) systems keep yur thinking fcused, analytical, and lgical.’”（“相比之下，当你在处理一项要求很高的任务时，大脑的执行控制系统(EC)会让你的思维保持集中、分析性和逻辑性。”）”可知，EC系统主导的是有意识的思维活动而不是无意识的创意思维活动，让你开始思维过程，帮助你分析，保持你集中，不能让你获得新的想法。故选C。
6．词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Researchers find that the DM netwrk is als invlved in the early stages f idea generatin, drawing frm past experiences and knwledge abut the wrld.（研究人员发现，DM网络也参与了想法产生的早期阶段，从过去的经验和对世界的了解中汲取知识。）”结合划线句“When yur mind wanders, yu’re allwing thughts t playfully crss yur mind, which helps yu cmbine infrmatin and ideas in new ways and smething clicks.( 当你走神的时候，你允许一些想法在你的脑海中嬉戏，这有助于你以新的方式结合信息和想法，并smething clicks。)”可推断，smething clicks与idea generatin所表达的意思相近，即当走神时，想法在我们的脑海中嬉戏，有助于我们以新的方式将信息和想法结合起来，这样一个聪明的想法就产生了。故划线部分与A项“一个聪明的想法产生”意思相符。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“S it’s unwise t place blind faith in the discvery that creative ideas can be generated in the shwer r during any ther kinds f mind wandering. Instead, yu have t d the wrk t set the grundwrk fr creative ideas t emerge in the first place.”（盲目相信创造性的想法可以在淋浴或任何其他类型的走神过程中产生是不明智的。相反，你必须先做一些工作，为创意的出现打下基础）”可知，Kalina Christff认为不能盲目相信在走神过程中会产生是不明智的，还是要努力为创意的出现打好基础，因此推断他对努力工作这一文化持正面态度的。故选B。
8．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据第一段“If yu’ve ever emerged frm the shwer r returned frm yur walk with a clever idea r a slutin t a prblem yu had been struggling with, it may nt be a surprise. Rather than cnstantly cncentrating n a prblem, research frm the last 15 years suggests that peple may be mre likely t have creative breakthrughs when they’re ding a habitual task that desn’t require much thught.（如果你曾经洗完澡或散步回来，想到了一个聪明的主意或解决了你一直在纠结的问题，这可能并不奇怪。过去15年的研究表明，人们在做一项不需要太多思考的习惯性任务时，可能更有可能取得创造性突破，而不是一直专注于一个问题）”可知，大脑机制决定了只有劳逸结合才能富有创意。由此推知，作者可能会同意D项“只工作不休息，聪明孩子也变傻”的说法。故选D。
3.（2023·福建省德化第一中学校联考一模）
Is there a single wrd that mtivates us mre than “weekend”? It’s like the prmise f a sweet hliday fllwing what seems like lng-time exhaustin. It’s the spring in ur step that gets buncier with each passing day — until by Friday, we’re practically bumping ur heads against the ceiling.
The truble is that the weekend is a rip-ff. Yu think yu’re getting 48 hurs f uncnditinal dwntime, but reality takes a discunt. In fact, it takes mst f Sunday. That’s when anxiety cmes creeping in and anther cuntdwn begins: 12 hurs until Mnday. Sure, the weekend is free time. But the munting stress f an incming Mnday can ease any jy yu might get frm a Sunday evening.
That feeling is s cmmn amng the Mnday-t-Friday crwd that there’s even mre than ne name fr it: the Sunday Scaries, r Sunday Fear Syndrme. Ging frm a cuntdwn t the weekend t a cuntdwn t Mnday can be difficult. Even mnster.cm — a website that specializes in binding humans t the Mnday-t-Friday cycle — admits it’s a prblem. In a survey, Mnster fund that 76% f Americans have “really had” Sunday night blues.
Fr mst peple, Sunday is n hliday at all. It may all cme dwn t the same prblem: We can’t stp thinking abut tmrrw. Even wrse, we may develp sme dwnright unhealthy cping strategies fr that transitin frm weekends t Mnday. Sme might resists — staying up late, milking every minute f a fleeting Sunday in the frm f mind-numbing distractins.
But why shuld Mnday cast such a lng and fearful shadw n ur lives? Maybe it’s because the cunter is reset and the weekend, r happiness, seems at furthest pint. If, like mst f us, yu have a tlerable jb, but dn’t much like the whle idea f wrking, there are plenty f ways t make Mndays a little less stressful. Mst imprtantly, dn’t leave any unsettled Friday business hanging ver the weekend. S, clear the decks and tie up lse ends.
9．What d we knw abut the weekend in Paragraph 2?
A．It is hard-earned.
B．It desn’t bring jy as expected.
C．It adds t peple’s anxiety and stress.
D．It prvides gd time t relax.
10．Why des the writer mentin mnster.cm in the text?
A．T clarify a questin.B．T shw its ppularity.
C．T prvides an illustratin.D．T supprt his idea.
11．What des the writer think f the way mst peple spend the weekend?
A．Tlerant.B．Cnservative.C．Unwise.D．Practical.
12．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Why Peple Are Stressed Out n Fridays
B．Why Mnday Takes a Bite ut f Sunday
C．Why a Cuntdwn t the Weekend Is Difficult
D．Why Mnday Casts a Fearful Shadw n Our Lives
【答案】9．B 10．D 11．C 12．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多人会因为即将到来的周一而充满焦虑，无法好好享受周末，而且这种现象在人群中非常普遍。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That’s when anxiety cmes creeping in and anther cuntdwn begins: 12 hurs until Mnday. Sure, the weekend is free time. But the munting stress f an incming Mnday can ease any jy yu might get frm a Sunday evening.（这时，焦虑悄然袭来，另一个倒计时开始了：离周一还有12个小时。当然，周末是自由时间。但是，即将到来的周一带来的压力会让你从周日晚上获得的快乐荡然无余。）”可知，周末并不像预想的那样充满快乐，周天总是笼罩在周一即将到来的焦虑中，会感到充满压力。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Even mnster.cm — a website that specializes in binding humans t the Mnday-t-Friday cycle — admits it’s a prblem. In a survey, Mnster fund that 76% f Americans have “really had” Sunday night blues.（就连mnster.cm——一个专门将人与周一到周五的周期绑定起来的网站——也承认这是个问题。Mnster在一项调查中发现，76%的美国人“真的有”周日夜忧郁。）”可知，虽然Mnster是一个绑定人与周一到周五周期的网站，但是也承认周日恐惧症的存在。由此推知，作者提到这个网站是为了佐证前文提到的观点：周日恐惧症普遍存在。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Fr mst peple, Sunday is n hliday at all. It may all cme dwn t the same prblem: We can’t stp thinking abut tmrrw. Even wrse, we may develp sme dwnright unhealthy cping strategies fr that transitin frm weekends t Mnday. Sme might resists — staying up late, milking every minute f a fleeting Sunday in the frm f mind-numbing distractins.（对大多数人来说，星期天根本不是假日。这可能都归结为同一个问题：我们无法停止对明天的思考。更糟糕的是，为了从周末过渡到周一，我们可能会制定一些完全不健康的应对策略。有些人可能会抵制——熬夜，以让大脑麻木的分心形式榨取转瞬即逝的周日的每一分钟。）”可知，大多数人在过周末的时候，充满对周一的焦虑，有的甚至会有不健康的应对方式。由此可知，作者认为这种度过周末的方式并不明智。故选C项。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了很多人无法好好享受周末这一问题背后的原因，因为他们会因为即将到来的周一而充满焦虑。因此B项“为什么周一会蚕食周日”符合文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
4.（2023·福建宁德·福鼎市第一中学期末）
Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. Sme experts are cncerned abut the effects that distracted (分心) parenting may have n emtinal bnding and children’s language develpment, scial interactin, and safety.
If parents are incnsistently available, kids can get distressed and feel hurt, rejected, r ignred. They may have mre emtinal utbursts and feel alne. They may even stp trying t cmpete fr their parent’s attentin and start t lse emtinal cnnectins t their parents.
“There are times when kids really d need yur attentin and want yur recgnitin,” explains Crnic, a psychlgist. “Parents need t cmmunicate that their kids are valuable and imprtant, and children need t knw that parents care what they’re ding,” he says.
It can be tugh t respnd with sensitivity during tantrums, arguments, r ther challenging times with yur kids. “If parents respnd by being bad-tempered r aggressive themselves, children can cpy that behavir, and a negative cycle then cntinues t upgrade,” explains Dr. Carl Metzler, wh studies parenting at the Oregn Research Institute.
Accrding t Crnic, kids start t regulate their wn emtins and behavir arund age three. Up until then, they depend mre n yu t help them regulate their emtins, whether t calm them r help get them excited. “They’re watching yu t see hw yu d it and listening t hw yu talk t them abut it,” he explains. “Parents need t be gd self-regulatrs. Yu’re nt nly trying t regulate yur wn emtins in the mment, but helping yur child learn t manage their emtins and behavir.”
As kids becme better at managing their feelings and behavir, it’s imprtant t help them develp cping skills, like active prblem slving. Such skills can help them feel cnfident in handling what cmes their way.
“When parents engage psitively with their children, teaching them the behavirs and skills that they need t cpe with the wrld, children learn t fllw rules and regulate their wn feelings,” Metzler says.
13．What may distract parenting accrding t the text?
A．Wrking vertime.B．T much sleep.C．Negative emtins.D．Scial interactins.
14．What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．Bad habits f ignred children.B．Bad effects f parents’ absence.
C．The utcme f parents’ availability.D．The behavir f emtinal children.
15．What des the underlined wrd “tantrums” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Mental relaxatin.B．Extreme anger.C．Heated discussins.D．Desperate hunger.
16．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Be strict with yur childrenB．Regulate yur emtins
C．Stay available t yur childrenD．Set a gd example fr children
【答案】13．A 14．B 15．B 16．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现代生活中有很多事情会影响你对孩子的敏感和反应能力，父母缺席会直接影响到孩子的健康，因此当父母积极地与孩子接触，教他们应对世界所需的行为和技能时，孩子就会学会遵守规则，调节他们自己的情绪。
13．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. (现代生活中有很多事情会影响你对孩子的敏感和反应能力。这些因素包括额外的工作、睡眠不足以及移动设备等)”可知根据文章，加班可能会分散父母的注意力，故选A。
14．主旨大意题。文章第二段讲到“If parents are incnsistently available, kids can get distressed and feel hurt, rejected, r ignred. (如果父母不能总是陪伴孩子，孩子可能会感到痛苦，感到受伤、被拒绝或被忽视。)”可知第二段主要讲父母缺席的不良影响，故选B。
15．词义猜测题。文章第四段讲到“It can be tugh t respnd with sensitivity (敏感的回应可能很难)”以及划线单词后文“arguments, r ther challenging times with yur kids (争吵或与孩子的其他挑战性时刻)”可知第四段中带下划线的单词“tantrums”所在句子的意思是：在孩子发脾气、争吵或其他具有挑战性的时候，很难敏感地回应。可推知划线单词应接近于负面的消极的情绪，可能的意思是“极度愤怒”，故选B。
16．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了现代生活中有很多事情会影响你对孩子的敏感和反应能力，父母缺席会直接影响到孩子的健康，因此当父母积极地与孩子接触，教他们应对世界所需的行为和技能时，孩子就会学会遵守规则，调节他们自己的情绪。文章最后一段讲到“When parents engage psitively with their children, teaching them the behavirs and skills that they need t cpe with the wrld, children learn t fllw rules and regulate their wn feelings (当父母积极地与孩子接触，教他们应对世界所需的行为和技能时，孩子就会学会遵守规则，调节自己的情绪)”也有明确提示父母要积极地与孩子接触。可知文章的最佳标题是多陪伴孩子，故选C。
5.（2023·浙江绍兴·校联考模拟预测）
Seagrass meadws (海草床) are wnder plants grwing beneath the sea. They feed and shelter sea life and are masterful at string carbn. Thanks t the assistance f tiger sharks, a huge seagrass meadw in the Bahamas Banks has been discvered, ffering the wrld a tl t fight climate change.
Seagrass has usually been detected by Earth-rbiting satellites that identify darker spts in the blue water. In a recent study, tiger sharks were selected as research tls due t their highly cnsistent assciatins with seagrass ecsystems. They spent 70% f their time in seagrass meadws. The team equipped eight tiger sharks with satellite labels, seven sharks with camera labels, and used a 360-degree camera n a shark fr the first time ever.
The data researchers cllected was astnishing. The wrld’s largest seagrass ecsystem, measuring at least 66,900 square kilmeters, has been discvered. This reflects a 41% increase frm previus estimates f glbal seagrass. Seagrass can capture (捕获) huge quantities f carbn by phtsynthesis (光合作用) and stres it n the seaflr. In terms f climate change, this is excellent news; seagrass is 35 times faster at remving carbn than trpical rainfrests. When referring t glbal seagrass carbn stck estimates, the study indicates that seagrass in the Bahamas may cntain 19.2% t 26.3% f all the carbn stred in seagrass meadws n Earth.
Yet seagrass meadws are rapidly disappearing, with ver 92% f meadws in the UK gne, accrding t the Wrld Wildlife Fund. Scientists are cllecting seeds and trying t grw new seagrass meadws thrugh restratin prjects. This new discvery ffers ptimism and prves the imprtance f the cean fr healing.
The sharks led us t the seagrass ecsystem in the Bahamas, which we nw knw is likely the mst significant blue carbn sink n the planet. What this discvery shws us is that cean explratin and research are essential fr a healthy future. The undevelped ptential f the cean is limitless. These meadws can be prtected and can be cpied, ffering hpe fr climate change arund the glbe.
17．Hw was the seagrass meadw in the Bahamas Banks discvered?
A．By analyzing satellites images.
B．By keeping track f tiger sharks.
C．By using a 360-degree camera.
D．By carrying ut restratin prjects.
18．What is the benefit f seagrass in terms f climate change?
A．Seagrass prvides fd fr tiger sharks.
B．Seagrass stres large amunts f carbn.
C．Seagrass absrbs wastes frm the cean.
D．Seagrass supplies a habitat t sea animals.
19．What is the main message cnveyed in the passage?
A．Tiger sharks are a tl t detect seagrass meadws.
B．Seagrass meadws are disappearing at an alarming rate.
C．Scientists are making prgress in restring seagrass meadws.
D．Seagrass meadws have a great ptential t fight climate change.
20．What is the writer’s attitude twards the discvery f seagrass meadws?
A．Cncerned.B．Psitive.C．Dubtful.D．Indifferent.
【答案】17．B 18．B 19．D 20．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在虎鲨的帮助下，巴哈马海岸发现了一片巨大的海草草地，为世界提供了应对气候变化的工具，因为海草可以通过光合作用捕获大量的碳，并将其储存在海底。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thanks t the assistance f tiger sharks, a huge seagrass meadw in the Bahamas Banks has been discvered, ffering the wrld a tl t fight climate change.(在虎鲨的帮助下，巴哈马群岛的一片巨大的海草草地被发现，为世界提供了对抗气候变化的工具)”可知，巴哈马群岛的海草草地是在虎鲨的帮助下被发现的，即通过追踪虎鲨被发现的。故选B项。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Seagrass can capture (捕获) huge quantities f carbn by phtsynthesis(光合作用) and stres it n the seaflr. In terms f climate change, this is excellent news(海草可以通过光合作用捕获大量的碳，并将其储存在海底。就气候变化而言，这是个好消息)”可知，就气候变化而言，海草好处是可以储存大量的碳。故选B项。
19．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了在虎鲨的帮助下，巴哈马海岸发现了一片巨大的海草草地，为世界提供了应对气候变化的工具，因为海草可以通过光合作用捕获大量的碳，并将其储存在海底。所以文章传达的主要信息是海草草地在应对气候变化方面具有巨大的潜力。故选D项。
20．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“This new discvery ffers ptimism and prves the imprtance f the cean fr healing.(这一新发现令人乐观，并证明了海洋对治愈的重要性)”和最后一段“These meadws can be prtected and can be cpied, ffering hpe fr climate change arund the glbe.(这些草地可以被保护和复制，为全球气候变化带来了希望)”可知，作者对海草草场的发现持积极态度。故选B项。
6.（2023·浙江宁波·统考模拟预测）
When I was in cllege, an acquaintance wh had graduated a few years ag came back t visit fr the weekend. As we walked arund campus n Saturday night, he flung his hands int the cld air and exclaimed, “Yu guys are s lucky; yu live a minute away frm all yur friends. Yu’ll never have this again.”
At that time, I thught it was kind f sad — a grwn man lnging fr my life f university husing and late library nights. But his wrds have stuck with me in the years since. “In adulthd, as peple grw up and g away, friendships are the relatinships mst likely t suffer,” my clleague Julie Beck wrte in 2015. Therefre, the lder yu get, the mre effrt it takes t maintain cnnectins, because yu dn’t have as many built-in pprtunities t see yur friends every day.
The writer Jennifer Senir nted last year that the fact f ur chsing friendships makes them bth fragile and special. “Yu have t cntinually invlve. That yu chse it is what gives it its value,” she wrte. But that’s als what makes friendships harder t hld n t as ur lives evlve.
It’s hard but nt impssible. Senir ntes that when it cmes t friendship, “we are ritual-deficient. S we have t create them: weekly phne calls, friendship anniversaries, rad trips, and s n.”
“Friendship is the rare kind f relatinship that remains frever available t us as we age,” Senir writes. “It’s a defender against stasis (停滞期), a ptential surce f creativity and revival in lives that therwise narrw with time.” It’s smething wrth chsing, ver and ver again.
21．It can be inferred frm Paragraph 1 that the writer’s friend prbably felt _______.
A．enviusB．irritatedC．sympatheticD．uneasy
22．Julie Beck might agree that ________.
A．it’s ridiculus fr adults t lng fr campus life
B．distance brings challenge t keeping friendships
C．peple d nt create enugh chances t meet with friends
D．when friends are apart, their friendships surely weaken as well
23．The fllwing ways can help peple hld n t friendships except _______.
A．celebrating imprtant daysB．ging n jurneys tgether
C．enlarging circles f friendsD．keeping in tuch with friends
24．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．The future f friendship.B．The rigin f friendship.
C．The nature f friendship.D．The definitin f friendship.
【答案】21．A 22．B 23．C 24．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从自身经历谈论了友谊，成年后由于距离原因友谊很难维持，但这也并非不可能，我们可以通过每周电话，友谊纪念日，公路旅行来维持它，友谊是一件值得反复选择的事情。
21．推理判断题。根据作者朋友说的话“Yu guys are s lucky; yu live a minute away frm all yur friends. Yu’ll never have this again.(你们太幸运了；你住的地方离你所有的朋友都只有一分钟的路程。你再也不会有这种感觉了)”可知，作者的朋友认为作者很幸运，故他应是感觉羡慕。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In adulthd, as peple grw up and g away, friendships are the relatinships mst likely t suffer,” my clleague Julie Beck wrte in 2015.(‘在成年期，随着人们长大和离开，友谊是最容易受到影响的关系，’我的同事Julie Beck在2015年写道)”可知，Julie Beck认为友谊最容易受到距离的影响，即距离给维持友谊带来挑战，故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“S we have t create them: weekly phne calls, friendship anniversaries, rad trips, and s n.(所以我们必须创造它们：每周电话，友谊纪念日，公路旅行，等等)”可知，庆祝重要节日、一起旅行和保持联系都是有助于维持友谊的方法，C项“扩大朋友圈”文章未提及。故选C。
24．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘Friendship is the rare kind f relatinship that remains frever available t us as we age,’ Senir writes. ‘It’s a defender against stasis (停滞期), a ptential surce f creativity and revival in lives that therwise narrw with time.’ It’s smething wrth chsing, ver and ver again.(‘友谊是一种罕见的关系，它会随着我们年龄的增长而永远存在，’Senir写道。‘它是对抗停滞期的捍卫者，是随着时间流逝而变得狭窄的生活中创造力和复兴的潜在来源。’它是一件值得反复选择的事情)”可知，本段主要谈论友谊的本质。故选C。
7.（2023·河北保定·统考一模）
There was a unique restaurant in Lndn that beat ut thusands f stylish restaurants t earn the tp ranking n the ppular TripAdvisr, despite nt existing.
The tale began with a belief that Obah Butler had develped after a part-time jb writing fake(虚假的)TripAdvisr reviews fr restaurants: The site was a “false reality”, despite millins f genuine reviews. He decided t see hw far he culd take a fake restaurant n the site s “The Shed at Dulwich” was brn. Butler created a web page with a menu based n emtins and attractive phtgraphs f dishes. He als listed its lcatin as the street he lived n with n address, calling it an “appintment- nly restaurant”, t avid being attacked by fact—checkers.
The Shed was unexpectedly apprved by TripAdvisr t be listed in May, starting ut as the 18,149th-ranked restaurant in the city: dead last. Butler began having family and friends fld the site with fake reviews. “Spent a weekend in Lndn and heard that this place is a must-visit,” ne wrte. “After a few mildly frustrating phne calls I was in.” Sn the custmers started calling. “We’re fully bked,” Butler tld the wuld-be diners. Hwever, the restaurant’s reputatin started t grw in TripAdvisr’s rankings. Sme cmpanies used an estimated lcatin f The Shed n Ggle t send free samples t Butler, expecting t wrk with him. In Nvember, Butler received a nte frm TripAdvisr saying The Shed had becme the N.1 ranked restaurant in Lndn!
Butler thught it was time t expse the trick. The stry has been praised as an incredible feat(事迹). Hwever, in an era that is increasingly being influenced by all f the disinfrmatin that can be fund nline, it has als served as anther reminder f the ease with which dishnest actrs are able t handle nline platfrms t smetimes unthinkable results.
25．What des Obah Butler think f TripAdvisr?
A．It is a reliable infrmatin surce.
B．It creates a false sense f reality.
C．It has t many genuine reviews.
D．It is a useful tl fr his part-time jb.
26．Hw was The Shed ranked the N.1 restaurant?
A．By ffering discunts and special deals.
B．By sending free samples t custmers.
C．By getting a specific lcatin n ggle.
D．By flding the site with fake reviews.
27．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Butler earned peple’s trust.
B．False infrmatin can be disastrus.
C．Online infrmatin is threatening ur safety.
D．Online platfrms are ttally unreliable nw.
28．What message des the stry cnvey?
A．N investigatin, n right t speak.
B．Well began is half dne.
C．Hnesty is the best plicy.
D．Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
【答案】25．B 26．D 27．B 28．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是一个根本不存在的独特的餐厅，经过网上虚假的评论后，成为TripAdvisr网排名第一的餐厅。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The tale began with a belief that Obah Butler had develped after a part-time jb writing fake(虚假的)TripAdvisr reviews fr restaurants: The site was a “false reality”, despite millins f genuine reviews.(故事开始时，人们认为欧巴·巴特勒(Obah Butler)是在一个猫途鹰上为餐馆写假评论的兼职工作后发展起来的：该网站是一个“虚假的现实”，尽管有数百万条真实的评论。)”可知，Obah Butler认为TripAdvisr这个网站提供了一个虚假的真实感。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Butler began having family and friends fld the site with fake reviews. “Spent a weekend in Lndn and heard that this place is a must-visit,” ne wrte. “After a few mildly frustrating phne calls I was in.” Sn the custmers started calling. “We’re fully bked,” Butler tld the wuld-be diners.( Butler开始让家人和朋友在网站上发布虚假评论。“在伦敦度过了一个周末，听说这个地方是必去之地，”一个人写道。“在打了几个有点沮丧的电话后，我就进去了。”很快，顾客们开始打电话来。“我们已经订满了，”巴特勒告诉想要来用餐的人。)”可知，Butler让他的家人和朋友开始在网上发布假的评论，进而引发了很多人都信以为真，很快这家餐厅的声誉在猫途鹰的排名中开始上升，由此可知，The Shed飙升至排名第一位是整个网上充斥着虚假评论的结果。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hwever, in an era that is increasingly being influenced by all f the disinfrmatin that can be fund nline, it has als served as anther reminder f the ease with which dishnest actrs are able t handle nline platfrms t smetimes unthinkable results.( 然而，在一个越来越多地受到网上虚假信息影响的时代，它也再次提醒我们，不诚实的行为者能够轻松地利用在线平台，有时产生不可想象的结果。)”可知，不诚实的行为者能够轻松地利用在线平台，有时产生不可想象的结果，由此可推断，虚假信息可能是灾难性的。故选B项。
28．主旨大意题。结合本文讲述的关于The Shed的案例以及最后一段中的“Hwever, in an era that is increasingly being influenced by all f the disinfrmatin that can be fund nline, it has als served as anther reminder f the ease with which dishnest actrs are able t handle nline platfrms t smetimes unthinkable results.(然而，在一个越来越多地受到网上虚假信息影响的时代，它也再次提醒我们，不诚实的行为者能够轻松地利用在线平台，有时产生不可想象的结果。)”可知，在一个受网络虚假信息影响的时代，被不诚实的人利用在线平台会产生不可想象的结果，由此可知，在这个信息时代了，不能在不知事情真相的情况下胡乱写一些虚假的评论，也就是没有调查就没有发言权。故选A项。
8.（2023·湖南娄底·统考模拟预测）
We grw up ging t schl and learning abut “cmmn cre” subjects, alng with thers. We are als given infrmatin abut things frm the media, gvernments, and the Internet. We are cnditined by all f this infrmatin t see reality. But all that learning is nt as imprtant as it’s made ut t be. In fact, it can be limiting yu t a life f medicrity (平庸).
The mre yu learn abut things, whether they are true r nt, the mre rigid yur reality becmes. The less pssible certain things seem t be limiting yur ability t imagine pssibilities as a child des. This ges fr infrmatin as well as applied activities.
This is nt t say that yu shuld nt learn anything. The key is, yu shuld be able t learn, unlearn, and relearn. Yu shuld be able t get rid f infrmatin that becmes cntradicted by smething with mre evidence supprting it, and reprgram ver things which n lnger serve yur cntinued evlutin.
The sner yu allw yurself t g thrugh the prcess f unlearning, the easier it will be t unlearn things which are limiting yur ability t see things as the limitless pssibilities they are. As Seneca nce said,“The mind is slw t unlearn what it learned early. ” This is why yu see ld peple becme set in their ways,being imprisned by the same beliefs they had in their yuth. Once thse beliefs are frmed in the brain, it will take smething extrardinary t reprgram ver them.
Yu can g abut unlearning by making a list f a few beliefs yu have abut things which yu feel may be hlding yu back frm evlving. Then explre what else is pssible in regards t thse areas and take actin. When yu cme acrss infrmatin and receive greater understanding n smething, make it a part f yur reality and belief system.
Remind yurself that even thugh sme new infrmatin has replaced what yu believed was true and wrth cntinuing t supprt, it may ne day als be replaced by smething even mre cnsistent with truth and mre helpful with yur evlutin.
Learning t unlearn is the highest frm f learning. Yu will begin t ntice yu are grwing nce again.
29．When shuld yu unlearn things?
A．When they becme bring.B．When they are n lnger helpful.
C．When they are against yur beliefs.D．When they are difficult t learn.
30．What is the purpse f mentining ld peple in paragraph 4?
A．T prve that the mind is slw t unlearn.
B．T prve that unlearning shuld be dne early.
C．T shw that it is hard fr yung peple t unlearn.
D．T shw that it’s unnecessary fr ld peple t unlearn.
31．What message des the authr intend t get t us in paragraph 6?
A．Unlearning never ends.B．Unlearning requires patience.
C．Unlearning is a slw prcess.D．Unlearning may be unsuccessful.
32．What advice can be given accrding t the cncept f unlearning?
A．Never learn useless things.B．Always believe in yurself.
C．Always seek smething better.D．Never try t get t much.
【答案】29．B 30．B 31．A 32．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了对于“unlearning”这种舍弃原先所学，以重新学习更好的东西的学习方式，做得越早，就越容易做。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Yu shuld be able t get rid f infrmatin that becmes cntradicted by smething with mre evidence supprting it, and reprgram ver things which n lnger serve yur cntinued evlutin.(你应该能够摆脱那些与有更多证据支持它的东西相矛盾的信息，并重新编程那些不再为你的持续进化服务的东西。)”可知，当你学习的东西不再有帮助时，你应该抛弃它们。故选B。
30．推理判断题。第四段中“The sner yu allw yurself t g thrugh the prcess f unlearning, the easier it will be t unlearn things which are limiting yur ability t see things as the limitless pssibilities they are.(你越早允许自己完成忘记的过程，就越容易忘记那些限制你看到事物无限可能性的东西。)”为论点，基本内容为：对于“unlearning”这种舍弃原先所学，以重新学习更好的东西的学习方式，做得越早，就越容易做。“As Seneca nce said, The mind is slw t unlearn what it learned early. This is why yu see ld peple becme set in their ways, being imprisned by the same beliefs they had in their yuth. Once thse beliefs are frmed in the brain, it will take smething extrardinary t reprgram ver them.(正如塞内加曾经说过的：“头脑是不容易忘记早期所学的东西的。”这就是为什么你会看到老年人变得固步自封，被他们年轻时的信仰所禁锢。一旦这些信念在大脑中形成，就需要一些非凡的东西来重新编程。)”则为论据：舍弃早先所学的东西，这在大脑中是一个缓慢的过程。所以人若老了，思维便固化了，易受年轻时所形成的信念的束缚，就很难去进行“unlearning”了。所以本段提到“ld peple”，其目的是引出支撑论点的论据。故选B。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章第六段“Remind yurself that even thugh sme new infrmatin has replaced what yu believed was true and wrth cntinuing t supprt, it may ne day als be replaced by smething even mre cnsistent with truth and mre helpful with yur evlutin.( 提醒自己，即使一些新的信息已经取代了你认为是正确的、值得继续支持的东西，但它可能有一天也会被一些更符合事实、对你的进化更有帮助的东西取代。)”可知，本段的基本意思是今天用来取代旧事物的新事物有朝一日又会被更好的事物所取代，言下之意是这种取代的过程是不断持续的。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“The sner yu allw yurself t g thrugh the prcess f unlearning, the easier it will be t unlearn things which are limiting yur ability t see things as the limitless pssibilities they are.(你越早允许自己完成忘记的过程，就越容易忘记那些限制你看到事物无限可能性的东西。)”和第六段“Remind yurself that even thugh sme new infrmatin has replaced what yu believed was true and wrth cntinuing t supprt, it may ne day als be replaced by smething even mre cnsistent with truth and mre helpful with yur evlutin.( 提醒自己，即使一些新的信息已经取代了你认为是正确的、值得继续支持的东西，但它可能有一天也会被一些更符合事实、对你的进化更有帮助的东西取代。)”可知，“unlearning”的基本概念是舍弃原先所学，以便重新学习更好的东西。由此可推知，“unlearning”的概念建议永远追求更好的东西。故选C。
9.（2023·湖北·校联考模拟预测）
Science fictin has always been the surce f all srts f wnderful ideas abut what life might be like in years t cme. Writers, film-makers and vide game designers have all turned their imaginatins t the effects technlgy might have n ur future. Nw it seems like we’re finally catching up with sme f these futuristic ideas thanks t nantechnlgy.
Nanscience fcuses n the study f tiny mlecules – nly ne billinth f a meter in size. Fr years, nanscience has explred ways f applying this research t different types f technlgy, and recently it has begun t engender mre and mre diverse and fascinating develpments.
Imagine a substance with the ability t heal any wund almst immediately. This is a cmmn feature in vide games; when characters suffer injuries, a gel (凝胶) is applied which heals them and prlngs (延长) their lives. Nt lng ag, it seemed impssible t recreate this in real life. But nw, by extracting plysaccharide plymers (多糖聚合物) frm the cell walls f plants, scientists have created a gel which will hld a wund tgether and rapidly stp any bleeding withut the need fr pressure t be applied. Althugh nt yet available in hspitals, this gel is likely t help medical prfessinals treat patients with serius injuries mre effectively.
While sme advances in nantechnlgy might imprve ur health and safety, thers culd have the ppsite effect. In the fd industry, nanparticles (纳米粒子) are already in use t imprve the appearance f prducts. The prblem is, nanparticles are mre reactive in the bdy, and n tests have been dne t check their safety. In effect, we are all part f a real-life experiment. Will they help r hurt? Nbdy knws.
What is clear is that nantechnlgy has huge ptential fr shaping ur lives in the cming decades. Even if we can’t see it with ur eyes, we will surely see the impact n ur surrundings, and perhaps ur bdies. In the future, the lines between reality and science fictin are likely t becme even mre blurred.
33．What des the underlined wrd “engender” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Fcus n.B．Bring abut.C．Slw dwn.D．Deal with.
34．What d we knw abut the gel mentined in paragraph 3?
A．It can make peple live lnger.
B．It can replace the need fr surgery.
C．It is designed fr high-pressure situatins.
D．It is expected t be used in emergency treatment.
35．What des the authr think abut the effects f nantechnlgy n fd?
A．They are lng-lasting.B．They are verestimated.
C．They are currently unclear.D．They are surprisingly beneficial.
36．What is the authr’s attitude t nantechnlgy?
A．Objective.B．Indifferent.C．Cnservative.D．Disapprving.
【答案】33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是纳米技术的优点和可能会带来的问题。
33．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“nanscience has explred ways f applying this research t different types f technlgy(纳米科学已经探索了将这项研究应用于不同类型的技术的方法)”和“mre and mre diverse and fascinating develpments(越来越多样化和极有吸引力的发展)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“多年来，纳米科学已经探索了将这项研究应用于不同类型的技术的方法，最近它已经开始产生越来越多样化和引人入胜的发展”，划线词engender意为“引起，带来”，和bring abut意思相近，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段的“But nw, by extracting plysaccharide plymers (多糖聚合物) frm the cell walls f plants, scientists have created a gel which will hld a wund tgether and rapidly stp any bleeding withut the need fr pressure t be applied. Althugh nt yet available in hspitals, this gel is likely t help medical prfessinals treat patients with serius injuries mre effectively.(但现在，通过从植物细胞壁中提取多糖聚合物，科学家们已经制造出一种凝胶，它可以将伤口粘合在一起，无需施加压力就能迅速止血。虽然还没有在医院中使用，但这种凝胶可能会帮助医疗专业人员更有效地治疗严重受伤的病人。)”可知，这种凝胶很好，所以预计将用于紧急治疗。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“In the fd industry, nanparticles (纳米粒子) are already in use t imprve the appearance f prducts. The prblem is, nanparticles are mre reactive in the bdy, and n tests have been dne t check their safety. In effect, we are all part f a real-life experiment. Will they help r hurt? Nbdy knws.(在食品工业中，纳米颗粒已经被用于改善产品的外观。问题是，纳米颗粒在体内的反应性更强，而且没有测试来检查它们的安全性。实际上，我们都是现实生活实验的一部分。它们会带来帮助还是伤害？没有人知道。)”可知，作者对纳米技术对食品的影响的看法是目前还不清楚。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Nw it seems like we’re finally catching up with sme f these futuristic ideas thanks t nantechnlgy.(现在看来，多亏了纳米技术，我们终于赶上了这些未来主义的想法。)”，第四段的“Will they help r hurt? Nbdy knws.(它们会带来帮助还是伤害？没有人知道。)”和最后一段的“What is clear is that nantechnlgy has huge ptential fr shaping ur lives in the cming decades. Even if we can’t see it with ur eyes, we will surely see the impact n ur surrundings, and perhaps ur bdies.(很清楚的是，纳米技术在未来几十年有巨大的潜力来改变我们的生活。即使我们不能用眼睛看到它，我们也肯定会看到它对我们周围的环境，甚至我们的身体的影响。)”可知，作者在这篇文章里既说了纳米技术的好，也说了不好，所以作者的态度是客观的，故选A。
10.（2023·山东烟台·统考二模）
“I knw when t g ut, and when t stay in.”, English rck star David Bwie nce cnfidently sang in his hit single. When it cmes t cnsuming fd, the decisiveness claimed by the singer-sngwriter is hard t achieve. I disagree with the statement and argue it’s better t eat ut than t rder hme delivery.
T begin with, when setting ft in a restaurant, we’re immediately greeted nt nly by a server ready t seat us, but by a fld f physical feelings—the eyes take in the internal decratin f the place, the nse breathes in the pleasant smell f expertly plated fd and the ears pick up n cmpeting sunds f custmer chatter and attractive in-stre music. T eat ut is t experience an atmsphere unique t each restaurant. Smething as special as that simply can’t be reprduced by rdering hme delivery. Eating ut is, withut dubt, the mre exciting and thus better chice.
Eating ut becmes even mre appealing when staying hme prves t painful. Whether it is because we need a temprary fight frm ur family r that we simply want t spend sme quality time utside with lved nes, ging ut fr a meal can be a break frm the hard labur f dmestic living.
We culd take it as an pprtunity fr self-care—t treat urselves by dressing up, arriving in style at a fancy restaurant and rdering a slightly mre luxurius meal t refresh ur weary sul. Ordering hme delivery wuld nly cntribute t feelings f being penned in while; eating ut is an escape fr the trapped individual. Fd delivery app users reasn it’s a truble and less cnvenient t dress up and eat ut.
Hwever, it’s wrth nting we may nt always get ur fd in the mst satisfactry cnditin when pting fr hme delivery. There’s a risk f receiving fd rders with missing items r even entirely wrng rders that can’t be sent back. What we sacrifice fr cnvenience might just wind up being incnvenient. Cnsequently, it makes mre sense t eat ut rather than risk disappintment by rdering hme delivery.
37．What des the authr mainly talk abut?
A．Dining ptins.B．Cuisine culture.
C．Cnsumptin level.D．Fd categries.
38．What advantage f eating ut is highlighted in paragraph 2?
A．Quality service.B．Cmfrt and cnvenience.
C．Sensry enjyment.D．A reasnable mix f nutritin.
39．What des the authr think f rdering hme delivery?
A．It’s quite pricey.B．It may let cnsumers dwn.
C．It may cause fd waste.D．It’s nt envirnmental-friendly.
40．Hw is the text develped?
A．By prviding examples.B．By fllwing space rder.
C．By making cmparisns.D．By analyzing mental prcesses.
【答案】37．A 38．C 39．B 40．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，告诉读者“在外面吃饭”是更好的选择。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“I disagree with the statement and argue it’s better t eat ut than t rder hme delivery.”（我不同意这种说法，并认为在外面吃饭比点外卖送到家要好。）和最后一段关键句“Cnsequently, it makes mre sense t eat ut rather than risk disappintment by rdering hme delivery.”（因此，在外就餐更有意义，而不是冒着失望的风险点外卖送到家。）可知，作者在文章中把“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，认为在外就餐更有意义。由此可知，作者主要谈论了用餐选择问题。故选A项。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“T begin with, when setting ft in a restaurant, we’re immediately greeted nt nly by a server ready t seat us, but by a fld f physical feelings—the eyes take in the internal decratin f the place, the nse breathes in the pleasant smell f expertly plated fd and the ears pick up n cmpeting sunds f custmer chatter and attractive in-stre music.”（首先，当我们走进一家餐厅时，迎接我们的不仅是一位准备让我们就座的服务员，还有一种洪流般的身体感觉——眼睛注视着餐厅的内部装饰，鼻子呼吸着精心烹制的食物的怡人气味，耳朵听到顾客相互竞争的聊天声和吸引人的店内音乐。）可知，第二段强调了外出就餐可以让眼睛、鼻子和耳朵等感官都获得享受。由此可知，第二段强调了外出就餐的好处是可以获得感官上的享受。故选C项。
39．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“There’s a risk f receiving fd rders with missing items r even entirely wrng rders that can’t be sent back. What we sacrifice fr cnvenience might just wind up being incnvenient. Cnsequently, it makes mre sense t eat ut rather than risk disappintment by rdering hme delivery.”（收到的食品订单有丢失的风险，甚至是无法退回的完全错误的订单。我们为了方便而牺牲的东西最终可能会变得不方便。因此，在外就餐更有意义，而不是冒着失望的风险点外卖送到家。）可知，作者认为点外卖面临着订单丢失或订单错误的风险，这会让我们感到失望。由此可知，作者认为点外卖送到家可能会让消费者失望。故选B项。
40．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“T eat ut is t experience an atmsphere unique t each restaurant. Smething as special as that simply can’t be reprduced by rdering hme delivery.”（外出就餐是为了体验每一家餐厅特有的氛围。像这样特别的东西根本无法通过点外卖送到家来复制。）和第三段关键句“Eating ut becmes even mre appealing when staying hme prves t painful.”（当待在家里太痛苦时，外出就餐变得更有吸引力。）可知，作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较，告诉读者“在外面吃饭”的好处。由此可知，文章是通过比较发展起来的。故选C项。
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