四川省仁寿第一中学校北校区2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次质量检测英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份四川省仁寿第一中学校北校区2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次质量检测英语试卷(含答案)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Gvernrs Ball
One f the greatest summer cncerts in New Yrk City is Gvernr’s Ball, which takes place in early June at Randall’s Island Park. Sme f the many artists playing include Tl, Phenix, Lrde, Flume, and the Wu-Tang Clan.
Date: June 2-4, 2024
Lcatin: New Yrk City, New Yrk, USA
Music Type: Rck, hip-hp, pp
Price: $105-$305
Recmmended places t stay in New Yrk City:
·Super 8 Lng Island City LGA Htel
·Curtyard New Yrk Manhattan/Upper East Side
Primavera Sund
T kick ff the summer, there’s n better place t be than Barcelna. On the cncert lineup, yu’ll find bands like The Zmbies, Arcade Fire, and Bn Iver. Then take sme time t sak up the lcal fd wine, and culture.
Date: May 31-June 4, 2024
Lcatin: Barcelna, Spain
Music Type: Indie, rck, hip-hp
Price: 80€ - 300€ (arund $86-$323)
Recmmended places t stay in Barcelna:
·Htel 1898
·Htel Barcelna Universal
Bnnar
Bnnar is anther epic summer event that draws in crwds f arund 60,000 each year. Sme f the mst icnic music legends will be playing this year, including U2, Red Ht Chili Peppers, The Weekend, and Chance the Rapper.
Date: June 8-11, 2024
Lcatin: Manchester. Tennessee USA
Music Type: Rck, hip-hp
Price: $210.50-$554
Recmmended places t stay in Manchester:
·Cuntry Inn & Suites Manchester
·The Ambassadr Inn & Luxury
1．On which f the days can yu enjy Rck, hip-hp in Gvernr’s Ball?
A. June 1, 2024B. June 5, 2024C. June 3, 2024D. June 7. 2024
2．T witness Arcade Fire playing, which f the fllwing is the recmmended place t stay?
A. Curtyard New Yrk Manhattan.
B. Randall’s Island Park.
C. The Ambassadr Inn & Luxury.
D. Htel Barcelna Universal.
3．What d the three events have in cmmn?
A. They take place at the same time.B. They have sme similar music style.
C. They prvide visitrs with fd.D. They invite the same perfrmers.
A quick walk nt a frzen pnd (池塘) culd have been a disaster fr these tw bys.
Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthny Skpick, 10, culdn’t agree mre. Were the birds ut n the ice ducks r geese? There was nly ne way t find ut. S n a cld January evening last year, the tw friends walked nt the frzen pnd near their hmes t get a better lk.
First, they threw a rck nt the ice t test it. Believing the ice wuld hld their weight, Anthny tk a few steps, and then he crashed thrugh the seemingly frzen surface. “There was n sund and n crack”, he tld the reprter. “I just fell thrugh immediately.”
Cruz rushed t help his frightened friend. And he fell in the pnd, t. Cruz managed t lift himself ut f the water and nt a harder part. He then carefully wrked his way tward Anthny, but he fell in the pnd again. This time, he culdn’t get ut.
The tw bys were in icy cld water and quickly lsing feeling in their limbs (四肢). Cruz was sure that he was ging t die.
Anthny’s lder sister had seen the bys fall thrugh the ice and started shuting fr help. Jhn Lavin, a neighbr driving nearby n his way t the stre, heard her. He quickly pulled ver. Seeing the bys, he tk a nearby buy (浮标), kicked ff his shes, and ran int the water. Lavin made his way t Cruz and Anthny and drew them back t land. They were taken t hspital, where dctrs discvered that their five-minute stay in the water had lwered their bdy temperature nearly ten degrees.
Luckily, the bys have fully recvered, thugh they are still a little awestruck (敬畏的) by their fearless neighbr. “Just t think,” says Cruz, “if he hadn’t been there, I culd have died.”
4．Why did the bys g t the frzen pnd?
A. They had planned t g skating n the ice fr a medal.
B. They wndered whether the ice culd hld their weight.
C. They wanted t have a better understanding at the pnd.
D. They were curius abut what birds there were n the ice.
5．Befre the bys walked nt the ice, .
A. they threw a rck t test if the ice was strng enugh
B. they caught a nearby buy and kicked ff their shes
C. they asked their neighbr wh shuld be the first t g
D. they asked Anthny’s lder sister t prtect them nearby
6．What did Cruz d when Anthny fell int the pnd?
A. He went t find a buy nearby.B. He went t his neighbr fr help.
C. He rushed in t help his friend.D. He went t ask fr his sister’s help.
7．What can we infer frm this passage?
A. A stranger passing by rescued the tw bys at last.
B. The tw bys were very thankful t their neighbr.
C. Cruz fell int the pnd with Anthny at the same time.
D. Anthny’s lder sister invited the tw bys t the pnd.
On a break frm his studies in the MIT Media Lab,Anirudh Sharma traveled hme t Mumbai, India. While there, he nticed that thrughut the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering smething that lked like dirt."I realized this was air pllutin，r sty（像煤一样）particulate matter (PM)，made f black particles released frm exhaust（尾气）f vehicles，" Sharma says. "This is a majr health issue."St cnsists f tiny black particles, abut 2.5 micrmeters r smaller, made carbn prduced by incmplete burning f fssil fuels.
Back at MIT,Sharma set ut t help slve this air-pllutin issue. After years f research and develpment, Sharma’s startup Graviky Labs has develped technlgy that attaches t exhaust systems f diesel generatrs（柴油发电机）t cllect particulate matter.Scientists at Graviky then turn it int ink, called Air-Ink, fr artists arund the wrld. S far, the startup has cllected I.6 billin micrgrams f particulate matter.Mre than 200 gallns f Air-Ink have been harvested fr a grwing cmmunity f mre than 1,000 artists, frm Bangalre t Bstn, Shanghai,and Lndn.
Psted all ver Graviky Lab's Facebk page tday are phts f art made frm the Air-Ink and pant, including street wall paintings, bdy art and clthing prints.At first, there was still n specific applicatin fr the ink. Then the startup decided t find new ways t further spread its missin.It chse t d s thrugh art."Art helps us raise awareness abut where the ink and paint cmes frm. Air pllutin knws n brders. Our ink sends a message that pllutin is ne f the resurces in ur wrld that's the hardest t cllect and use.But it can be dne,"Sharma says.
8．What struck Sharma mst during his break in India?
A. Dirt n his T-shirts.B. Health issue f the lcals.
C. Cal industry in Mumbai.D. Incmplete burning f fssil fuels.
9．Accrding t the text, Air-Ink is________.
A. a cleaner f utdr airB. a prduct made frm PM
C. a newly-funded cmpanyD. a printing technlgy
10．What can we infer abut Air-Ink frm the text?
A. It imprves artistic effect.B. It makes pllutin acceptable.
C. It helps Sharma make a prfit.D. It raises envirnmental awareness.
11．What might be the best title fr the text?
A. Arts knw n brdersB. Waste has n price
C. Less pllutin, mre artD. Creative thinking, effective painting
The Amazn rainfrest, is as undisturbed a place as mst peple can imagine, but even there, the effects f a changing climate are playing ut. Nw, research suggests that many f the regin's mst sensitive bird species are starting t evlve in respnse t warming.
Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem-s scientists are particularly interested in hw they're respnding t climate change. In general, the news has nt been gd. Fr instance, a 2019 reprt by the Natinal Audubn Sciety fund that mre than tw-thirds f Nrth America's bird species will be in danger f extinctin by 2100 if warming trends cntinue n their current curse.
Fr the new study, researchers cllected the biggest dataset s far n the Amazn's resident birds, representing 77 nn-migratry species and lasting the 40 years frm 1979 t 2019. During the study perid, the average temperature in the regin rse, while the amunt f rainfall declined, making fr a htter, dryer climate verall. Accrding t the reprt n Nvember 12 in the jurnal Science Advances, 36 species have lst substantial weight, as much as 2 percent f their bdy weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species shwed sme decrease in average bdy mass, while a third grew lnger wings.
Because f the study's lng time series and large sample sizes, the authrs were able t shw the mrphlgical（形态学的）effects f climate change n resident birds. Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size, s they dissipate mre heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available fd, such as fruit r insects, in dryer weather might lead t smaller bdy size.
12．Why are scientists fnd f ding research n birds?
A.They have small bdy sizes.
B.They are sensitive t ht weather.
C.They live in an undisturbed rainfrest.
D.They are eclgical balance indicatrs.
13．What can we learn frm the new study?
A.A third f species have been extinct fr a decade.
B.36 species lst 2%f their bdy weight every year.
C.Tw-thirds f species shwed a cnsiderable decrease in weight.
D.Abut 26 species respnded t climate change with lnger wings.
14．What des the underlined wrd "dissipate" in the last paragraph mean?
A.Put ff.B.Give ff.C.Put away.D.Give away.
15．What wuld prbably the researchers further study?
A.Why it is easier fr smaller animals t keep cl.
B.What effects the wing length changes have n birds.
C.Why the Amaznian birds have lst substantial weight.
D.Whether bird species in Nrth America will be extinct in 2100.
二、七选五
16．Maybe yu plan t ring in 2024 with a new reslve t lse weight, exercise mre, nt sweat the small stuff. And maybe these reslutins sund familiar— maybe just like the nes yu made a year ag! S hw can yu ensure that yur determinatin t get healthier in 2024 sticks? ①
Dream big. Want t cmpete in a marathn r triathln? Lse 50 punds r just enugh t fit int clthes yu nce lved? With perseverance, encuragement, and supprt, yu can d it. ② Many will cheer yu n. Sme will be happy t help in practical ways, such as by training with yu r taking n tasks yu nrmally handle in rder t free up yur time.
③ Any time yu fail t make a change, cnsider it a step tward yur gal. Why? Because cach sincere attempt represents a lessn learned. When yu hit a snag (碰钉子) , take a mment t think abut what did and didn’t wrk. Maybe yu tk n t big a challenge? ④
Give thanks fr what yu d. Set yur sights n finishing that marathn, nt n running it. If yu cmpete t cmplete, yu’ll be a winner even if yu wind up walking as much as yu run. With exercise—and s many ther gals we set— yu’ll benefit even when ding less than yu’d like t d. ⑤ If yur gal fr Tuesday is a 30-minute wrkut at the gym, but yu nly squeeze (挤出) in 10 minutes, feel grateful fr that. It’s enugh. Maybe tmrrw will be better.
A. Learn frm the failures.
B. Avid repeating past failures.
C. Any activity is always better than nne.
D. An ambitius aim ften inspires thers t help yu.
E. Try the fllwing tips t help yu create lng-lasting change.
F. Having a slid system can help yu stay mtivated and accuntable.
G. If s, change int a less ambitius challenge, r break the big ne int tinier steps.
三、完形填空（15空）
Rejectin desn’t always hurt. Smetimes rejectin may 1 a mre certain path t ur final gals.
This year ftball fans have been watching t see hw Je wuld 2 in the playffs(季后赛) this seasn. Je dreamed t play in the Natinal Ftball League (NFL), but his jurney wasn’t a(n) 3 ne. He applied t several clleges, but nne 4 him. Later, he gt int Ohi State, but he sat n the 5 fr three years. Ohi State had a great ftball prgram and caches, wh didn’t think Je had 6 . But Je thught differently. He 7 Nebraska and gt rejected nce again, but he didn’t quit. Then he applied t Luisiana State University, which accepted him. The rest is histry.
Je became the Heisman Trphy 8 during his senir year, then he was admitted t the NFL, and later, his team participated in the Wrld Champinship.
Je’s stry reminds us that there are 9 paths t ur final gals and that it 10 strng endurance and determinatin t reach them. N single 11 is ging t prevent yu frm 12 yur lng-term gals. Be sure t 13 the pain that cmes frm disappintment and face it bravely. Try t fcus n gals rather than the 14 utcme f being rejected and remember that the hurt f rejectin cmes frm hw we 15 it.
17．A. fllwB. leadC. createD. clear
18．A. studyB. perfrmC. trainD. jin
19．A. tughB. funC. attractiveD. easy
20．A. acceptedB. rememberedC. rejectedD. ignred
21．A. benchB. standC. teamD. stage
22．A. chanceB. resurceC. ptentialD. enthusiasm
23．A. signed up frB. applied tC. attended tD. searched fr
24．A. fanB. adviserC. learnerD. winner
25．A. similarB. smthC. multipleD. flat
26．A. cstsB. takesC. makesD. ffers
27．A. theryB. trainingC. rejectinD. excuse
28．A. achievingB. planningC. annuncingD. explaining
29．A. affectB. emphasizeC. estimateD. acknwledge
30．A. activeB. negativeC. pssibleD. predictable
31．A. interpretB. imagineC. explreD. escape
四、短文填空
32．A city’s name can ften indicate its status in a natin’s histry. Nanjing, meaning “suthern capital city” literally in Chinese, culd claim such an influential① _________ (identify) in histry.
The city, nw capital f East China’s Jiangsu Prvince, was nce② _________ (glbal) cnsidered t have③ _________ urban histry f 2,500 years, a new archaelgical research rewrites that. It was funded mre than 3,100 years ag when an ancient city named Changgan was recently excavated (发掘).
“④ _________ (date) frm the Shang and Zhu dynasties, archaelgists fund that the city’s walls were prtected by trenches, ⑤ _________ is a universally acknwledged indicatr f a defensive system⑥ _________ (adpt) by ancient cities,” says Chen Dahai, head f the archaelgical excavatin team. “In the histry f the ancient system, trenches⑦ _________ (appear) befre the walls were cnstructed. They were built arund the living area⑧ _________ (prevent) flds and defend against enemies,” he added.
The latest archaelgical findings may reshape the city’s histry, with⑨ _________ (it) appearance tracing back t mre than 3,100 years ag. Wang Wei, directr f the Chinese Academy f Scial Sciences’ Archaelgy Department, recgnizes the discvery⑩ _________ a remarkable archaelgical finding in tracing the Nanjing’s rigins.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了一场主题为“健康与运动”的演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.参赛人员； 2.现场描述； 3.比赛反响。4. 80词左右。
A Speech Cntest Abut “Health and Sprt”
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六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Daniel’s mther, Debbie Ashwrth struggled t raise her tw kids. As the lder child at hme, Daniel was a gd help t his mther, cleaning the rm and caring fr his yunger brther, Tny.
On a cld winter mrning, Debbie asked the kids t g t the supermarket fr sme grceries. A ty panda n the she If caught Tny’s eyes. It was s adrable that he culd hardly tear himself away frm it. Knwing that they culdn’t affrd it, Daniel tld his brther t put it back. But Tny really wanted it and was unwilling t leave. “Please, I can wait until Mm’s salary came in n June 15th,” Tny said. Daniel hesitated fr a while, then tk ut a pen and wrte a nte, which read, “Please keep the ty panda fr my little brther until June 15th, when my mther gets her salary t pay fr it. Thanks.” Placing the nte n tp f the bx, they left the supermarket relieved.
One f the staff sptted the nte, wh then shwed it t the manager. The nte melted everyne there and they decided t d smething thughtfully. They put away the ty panda s that it wuldn’t be purchased by ther shppers. After that, they tried their best t search fr the tw bys, but in vain. There was n ther clue(线索)n the nte t identify them. It appeared that they had n alternative but t wait until June 15th, which was abut half a mnth away.
The big day finally arrived. Unexpectedly, the tw bys didn’t shw up. “Maybe they have frgtten all abut the ty,” ne clerk whispered. “Impssible. A ty animal might nt mean much t an adult. But fr a child, it culd mean the wrld,” the manager said. “We must cme up with a way t cntact them.” They decided t turn t the Internet by psting the nte and their phne number nline, hping it culd bring a surprise.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The pst eventually attracted the attentin f Debbie.
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“I lst my jb last mnth,” Debbie sighed(叹气).
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参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Gvernrs Ball下的“Date: June 2-4, 2024(日期:2024年6月2日至4日)”可知，该活动举办时间为6月2-4号，因此可以在6月3日时欣赏摇滚等音乐。故选C项。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Primavera Sund下的“T kick ff the summer, there’s n better place t be than Barcelna. On the cncert lineup, yu’ll find bands like The Zmbies, Arcade Fire, and Bn Iver.(要开始这个夏天，没有比巴塞罗那更好的地方了。在音乐会的阵容中，你会发现像the Zmbies, Arcade Fire和Bn Iver这样的乐队)”可知，观看Arcade Fire演奏可以去巴塞罗那，再根据“Recmmended places t stay in Barcelna:·Htel 1898·Htel Barcelna Universal(巴塞罗那推荐住宿地点: ·酒店1898 ·巴塞罗那环球酒店)”可知，巴塞罗那环球酒店是推荐的住宿地点。故选D项。
3．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Gvernrs Ball下的“Music Type: Rck, hip-hp, pp(音乐类型：摇滚、嘻哈、流行)”，Primavera Sund下的“Music Type: Indie, rck, hip-hp(音乐类型：独立、摇滚、嘻哈)”以及Bnnar下的“Music Type: Rck, hip-hp(音乐类型：摇滚、嘻哈)”可知，这三个活动都有的音乐形式是hip-hp，所以他们有相似的音乐风格。故选B项。
4．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthny Skpick, 10, culdn’t agree mre. Were the birds ut n the ice ducks r geese? There was nly ne way t find ut. S n a cld January evening last year, the tw friends walked nt the frzen pnd near their hmes t get a better lk.(11岁的Cruz Genet和10岁的Anthny Skpick没能达成一致。在冰上的鸟是鸭子还是鹅？只有一个办法可以知道。因此，在去年1月一个寒冷的晚上，这两个朋友走到他们家附近结冰的池塘上，想看得更清楚一些)”可推知，这两个男孩很好奇冰上的鸟究竟是什么。故选D。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“First, they threw a rck nt the ice t test it. Believing the ice wuld hld their weight, Anthny tk a few steps, and then he crashed thrugh the seemingly frzen surface.(首先，他们把一块石头扔到冰上测试。确信冰面能承受他们的重量，Anthny走了几步，然后就在冰面上摔了下去)”可知，这两个男孩在走上冰面之前，扔石头测试冰面是否足够结实。故选A。
6．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“Cruz rushed t help his frightened friend.(Cruz冲过去帮助他受惊的朋友)”可知，Cruz看到自己朋友摔倒的时候，赶紧冲过去帮助他。故选C。
7．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Luckily, the bys have fully recvered, thugh they are still a little awestruck (敬畏的) by their fearless neighbr. “Just t think,” says Cruz, “if he hadn’t been there, I culd have died.”(幸运的是，男孩们已经完全康复了，尽管他们仍然对他们无畏的邻居有点敬畏。“想想看，”Cruz说，“如果他不在那里，我就会死。”)”可推知，这两个男孩很感激他们的邻居。故选B。
8．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“he nticed that thrughut the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering smething that lked like dirt.”可知，在印度，Sharma注意到，他的T恤上都有一些看起来像灰尘样的东西越来越多。故选A。
9．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。文章第二段中提到“Sharma’s startup Graviky Labs has develped technlgy that attaches t exhaust systems f diesel generatrs t cllect particulate matter. Scientists at Graviky then turn it int ink, called Air-Ink… .（Sharma创建的Graviky 实验室开发了一种技术，可以连接到柴油发电机的排气系统上，收集颗粒物。然后，Graviky实验室的科学家将它转化为墨水，称为‘空气墨水’）”，其中it指代上一句中的收集的“particulate matter”即PM。由此可知，Air-Ink是由PM制成的产品。故选B。
10．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。文章第三段中提到Sharma所说的话 “Art helps us raise awareness abut where the ink and paint cmes frm.”。文章第二段中提到Air-Ink是由PM（空气中的颗粒物）制成的，用Air-Ink创作的艺术画可以帮助我们认识到墨水和颜料是从哪里来的。由此可以推断，用Air-Ink 绘制艺术画可以帮助人们提高环境意识。故选D。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。文章最后一段提到“Our ink sends a message that pllutin is ne f the resurces in ur wrld that's the hardest t cllect and use. But it can be dne.(我们的墨水传达出一个信息：污染是世界上最难收集和利用的资源之一。但这是可以做到的，)”，Sharma的研究表明虽然污染很难再次利用，但还是可以做到的； Sharma利用技术，将空气中的污染颗粒物（PM）收集起来，制成Air-Ink，给艺术家们创作艺术作品，以提高人们的环境意识。他将污染加以回收利用，转化成艺术形式。因此文章标题应为“Less pllutin, mre art”。故选C。
12．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第-段第一句“Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel (哨兵) species-meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem-s scientists are particularly interested in hw they're respnding t climate change.(鸟常被认为是物种的哨兵，指的是它们能暗示生态系统的整体健康，因此科学家关注它们对气候变化的反应)”可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟是因为鸟是生态系统平衡的暗示者。故选D.
13．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“representing 77 nn-migratry species”以及“while a third grew lnger wings. (在研究的77种不迁移的鸟类中，1/3的鸟长着较长的翅膀)”可知，大约26种鸟类长着较长的翅膀来应对气候变化。故选D。
14．答案：B
解析：词句猜则题。根据最后一段“smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size (较小的鸟可能很快就会凉下来。总体来讲，相对于身体尺寸而言，较小动物的表面积较大)”可知较小动物的表面积相对于自身整体而言较大，因此散发热量就容易，dissipate的意思是散发，与Give ff (散发)的词义一致。故选B。
15．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, (然而，研究者自己也不确信,对鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么好处感到困惑)”可知，研究者将进一步研究鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么影响。故选B。
16．答案：EDAGC
解析：①根据上文“S hw can yu ensure that yur determinatin t get healthier in 2024 sticks? (那么，如何确保你在2024年变得更健康的决心能坚持下去呢?) ”可知，文章旨在介绍几种在2024年想要变得健康并决心坚持下去的方法。由此可知，E. Try the fllwing tips t help yu create lng-lasting change. (试试下面的建议，帮助你创造持久的改变) 位于第一段末起到了承上启下的作用。故选E项。
②根据此空前一句“With perseverance, encuragement, and supprt, yu can d it. (只要有毅力、鼓励和支持, 你就能做到) ”及下文“Many will cheer yu n. Sme will be happy t help in practical ways, such as by training with yu r taking n tasks yu nrmally handle in rder t free up yur time. (许多人会为你加油。有些人会很乐意以实际的方式提供帮助，比如和你一起培训，或者为了腾出你的时间而承担你通常处理的任务) 可知，作者在此建议要有大的目标，这样会有很多人会为你加油打气。由此可知，D. An ambitius aim ften inspires thers arund yu. (一个雄心勃勃的目标通常会激励你周围的人) 符合语境，“An ambitius aim”呼应小标题“Dream big”；“thers”呼应下文“Many will cheer yu n”。故选D项。
③此空位于本段小标题的位置,根据本段的下文内容“Any time yu fail t make a change, cnsider it a step tward yur gal. Why? Because each sincere attempt represents a lessn learned. When yu hit a snag (碰钉子) , take a mment t think abut what did and didn’t wrk. (任何时候你没能做出改变，就把它看作是向你的目标迈进了一步。为什么？因为每一次真诚的尝试都代表着一个教训。当你遇到困难时，花点时间想想什么有用，什么没用) ”可知，本段主要介绍了过去的尝试虽然失败了，但是可以作为一种经验教训，帮助你了解自己制定的决心是否合适。由此可知A. Learn frm failures. (从失败中学习) 符合语境。故选A项。
④根据空前一句“Maybe yu tk n t big a challenge? (也许你接受的挑战太大了？) ”可知，失败时，反思是否这个挑战太大了，该段落主要讲失败了要从失败中学习并进行调整。由此可知，G. If s，change int a less ambitius challenge, r break the big ne int tinier steps. (如果是这样的话，那就换个不那么有野心的挑战，或者把大的挑战分解成小的步骤) 就是针对上一句做出的调整，与前文承接。故选G项。
⑤根据本段的小标题“Give thanks fr what yu d. (感谢你所做的一切) ”和空前一句“With exercise-and s many ther gals we set-yu’ll benefit even when ding less than yu’d like t d. (通过锻炼—以及我们设定的许多其他目标—即使做得比你想做的要少，你也会从中受益) ”及下一句“If yur gal fr Tuesday is a 30-minute wrkut at the gym, but yu nly squeeze (挤出) in 10minutes, feel grateful fr that. (如果你周二的目标是在健身房锻炼30分钟，但你只挤出了10分钟，心存感激吧) ”可知，决心运动时，即使没有达到目标，也是很好的。做运动比不做好，C. Any activity is always better than nne. (任何活动总比什么都没有做好) 符合语境。故选C项。
17．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，拒绝可能会为我们的最终目标创造一条更确定的道路。A. fllw跟随；B. lead带领；C. create创造；D. clear清除。根据前文“Rejectin desn’t always hurt.(拒绝并不总是痛苦的。)”可知，拒绝并不总是痛苦的，有时候拒绝会创造出一条通往目标的更加确定的路。故选C。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，球迷们一直在关注Je在本赛季季后赛中的表现。A. study学习；B. perfrm做，履行，表演，表现；C. train训练，培训；D. jin参加。根据句中的“ftball fans have been watching”和空后的“in the playffs(季后赛) this seasn”可知，粉丝们一直很期待Je在本赛季季后赛中的表现。故选B。
19．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Je梦想能在美国职业橄榄球大联盟（NFL）打球，但他的旅程并不容易。A. tugh艰难的；B. fun有趣的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. easy容易的，轻易的。but前后表示转折，前面“Je dreamed t play in the Natinal Ftball League (NFL)”说Je梦想在NFL打球，所以这里是说他通往NFL的旅程并不容易。故选D。
20．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他申请了好几所大学，但都没有录取他。A. accepted接受；B. remembered记得；C. rejected拒绝；D. ignred忽视。but前后表示转折，前面“He applied t several clleges”说他申请了好几所大学，根据空前的nne可知，没有一所大学录取他。故选A。
21．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他进入了俄亥俄州立大学，但他在替补席上坐了三年。A. bench场边的运动员休息区，替补队员席；B. stand货摊；C. team队；D. stage舞台。根据上文中的“ftball”“play”等可知，Je是一名橄榄球运动员。but前后表示转折，前面“he gt int Ohi State”说他进入了俄亥俄州立大学，所以这里应是说他没有上场比赛的机会，在替补席上坐了三年。故选A。
22．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：俄亥俄州立大学有一个很棒的足球项目和教练，这些教练认为Je没有潜力。A. chance机会；B. resurce资源；C. ptential潜力；D. enthusiasm热情。Je在替补席上坐了三年却没有上场的机会，这说明教练不看好他，认为他没有潜力。故选C。
23．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他申请了内布拉斯加州大学，并且再次被拒绝了，但他没有放弃。A. signed up fr报名（参加课程）；B. applied t向……申请；C. attended t处理，照料；D. searched fr寻找。根据上文中的“He applied t several clleges”和下文中的“Then he applied t Luisiana State University”可知，这里表示他向内布拉斯加州大学提出申请。故选B。
24．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Je在大四时获得了海兹曼奖，然后他被美国职业橄榄球大联盟录取，后来他的球队参加了世界锦标赛。A. fan迷，狂热爱好者；B. adviser顾问，忠告者；C. learner学习者；D. winner获胜者。根据空前的“the Heisman Trphy”可知，他是海兹曼奖的获得者。故选D。
25．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Je的故事提醒我们，实现最终目标有多种途径，而通向目标需要强大的耐力和决心。A. similar相似的；B. smth平滑的，顺利的；C. multiple数量多的，多种多样的；D. flat平坦的。根据上文讲述的Je多次遭受拒绝后最终在努力坚持下实现目标的故事以及空后的“paths t ur final gals”并结合常识可知，通向最终目标的道路有许多种，而Je的这种道路非常艰辛。故选C。
26．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. csts需付费，价钱为；B. takes需要，要求；C. makes制作；D. ffers主动提出。这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是strng endurance and determinatin t reach them。根据空后的“strng endurance and determinatin t reach them”可知，这里表达的是通向这些目标需要强大的耐力和决心。故选B。
27．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何一次拒绝都不会阻止你实现长期目标。A. thery理论；B. training训练；C. rejectin拒绝；D. excuse借口。这里指的是拒绝不能阻止你实现目标。故选C。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. achieving实现；B. planning计划；C. annuncing宣告；D. explaining解释。根据空后的“yur lng-term gals”可知，这里表示实现长期目标。故选A。
29．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一定要承认失望带来的痛苦，并勇敢地面对它。A. affect影响；B. emphasize强调；C. estimate估计，估价；D. acknwledge承认，感谢。根据句中的“face it bravely”并结合语境可知，要勇敢面对痛苦，就要首先承认痛苦。故选D。
30．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试着把注意力集中在目标上，而不是被拒绝的负面结果上，记住被拒绝的伤害来自于我们对它的理解。A. active积极的；B. negative消极的；C. pssible可能的；D. predictable可预料的。根据上文中的“the pain that cmes frm disappintment”和空后的“utcme f being rejected”可知，这里指被拒绝的负面结果。故选B。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. interpret诠释，理解；B. imagine想象；C. explre探索；D. escape逃跑。Je虽然多次遭受拒绝，但他没有沉浸在受伤之中并放弃目标，而是坚持自己最初的目标，不断申请学校，寻找提升的机会，最终他获得了成功，本文建议要把注意力放在目标上而不是被拒绝的负面结果上，被拒绝的伤害来自于我们对它的理解方式，积极看待它或许会获得更好的结果，而消极看待它则会一直沉浸在痛苦之中。故选A。
32．答案：①identity②glbally③an④Dating⑤which⑥adpted⑦had appeared⑧t prevent⑨its⑩as
解析：①考查名词。句意：南京，中文字面意思是“南方首都”，可以在历史上获得如此有影响力的身份。作宾语，根据上文不定冠词可知应填单数名词identity，故填identity。
②考查副词。句意：这座城市现在是中国东部江苏省的省会，曾经被全球认为有2500年的城市历史，一项新的考古研究改写了这一说法。修饰动词cnsider应用副词glbally，故填glbally。
③考查冠词。句意：这座城市现在是中国东部江苏省的省会，曾经被全球认为有2500年的城市历史，一项新的考古研究改写了这一说法。此处为短语have a/an…histry f表示“有多久历史”，此处urban是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说：“从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。”分析句子结构可知date与逻辑主语the city’s walls构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写，故填Dating。
⑤考查定语从句。句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说：“从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。”非限制性定语从句修饰先行词trenches，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：考古发掘队队长陈大海说：“从商周时期开始，考古学家就发现城墙上有壕沟保护，这是一个普遍公认的古代城市采用防御系统的标志。”分析句子结构可知，system与adpt构成被动关系 ，故用过去分词作定语。故填adpted。
⑦考查时态。句意：在古代系统的历史上，壕沟在城墙建造之前就已经出现了。根据后文befre the walls were cnstructed可知主句表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had appeared。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：它们建在居住区周围，以防止洪水和防御敌人。分析句子结构可知prevent在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t prevent。
⑨考查代词。句意：最新的考古发现可能会重塑这座城市的历史，它的外观可以追溯到3100多年前。修饰名词appearance应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
⑩考查介词。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所所长王伟认为，这一发现在追溯南京的起源方面是一项了不起的考古发现。短语recgnize…as…表示“认为……是……”。故填as。
33．答案：
A Speech Cntest Abut “Health and Sprt”
Last Friday, ur schl held a speech cntest whse theme was “Health and Sprt” in the auditrium. It attracted a number f talented students frm different grades t participate.
In the cntest, all participants brught their unique perspectives n the imprtance f maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Frm the bad effects f a sedentary lifestyle t the benefits f regular exercise, they presented their thught-prvking ideas, which captured the spectatrs’ attentin and admiratin. Finally, the judges selected the tp three winners.
The cntest left a psitive impact n everyne present. Many students were inspired t jin sprts clubs and engage in physical activities. Besides, it successfully raised awareness f health and sprt, establishing a slid fundatin fr prmting wellness within the schl cmmunity.
解析：1. 词汇积累
主题：theme→tpic
吸引：attract→appeal t
观点：perspective→view/pinin
影响：impact→influence
2. 句式拓展
简单句改为复合句
原句：Besides, it successfully raised awareness f health and sprt, establishing a slid fundatin fr prmting wellness within the schl cmmunity
拓展句：Besides, it successfully raised awareness f health and sprt, which established a slid fundatin fr prmting wellness within the schl cmmunity
【高分句型1】Last Friday, ur schl held a speech cntest whse theme was “Health and Sprt” in the auditrium.(使用了whse引导限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Frm the bad effects f a sedentary lifestyle t the benefits f regular exercise, they presented their thught-prvking ideas, which captured the spectatrs’ attentin and admiratin. (使用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
34．答案： The pst eventually attracted the attentin f Debbie. She immediately recgnized that it was her sn’s handwriting. Full f gratitude, she phned the supermarket and thanked fr their kindness. The manager invited the mm and her tw sns back t the supermarket, presenting the ty panda t little Tny. Hlding his belved ty, Tny’s face lit up and his eyes were shining with great jy. “But why didn’t yu cme fr the ty n June 15th?” the manager asked the tw bys in a gentle vice. Hearing this, bth f them lwered their heads.
“I lst my jb last mnth,” Debbie sighed(叹气). She explained that knwing the news, the bys decided t keep the ty as a secret. S she had n idea abut the case until she sptted the pst nline. Hearing this, everyne present was deeply mved. Turning t Debbie, the manager said, “I wnder if yu are willing t wrk here as an assistant?” Hearing this, tears f gratitude welled up in Debbie’s eyes, and she held the manager’s hands, saying, “I culdn’t thank yu enugh.” Due t their help, the whle family felt warmth in the cld weather and believed that there was kindness in every crner f the wrld.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这篇帖子最终引起了黛比的注意”可知，第一段可描写母亲看到帖子去超市拿玩具以及经理送玩具。
②由第二段首句内容“‘我上个月丢了工作，’黛比叹了口气”可知，第二段可描写解释没来的原因以及大家被感动。
2.续写线索：黛比看到帖子——感谢好意——经理送玩具——解释原因——提供工作——黛比感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①赠送：present/give away
②询问：ask/inquire
③解释：explain/illustrate
情绪类
①温和的：gentle/sft
②最爱：belved/favrite
[高分句型1] Hearing this, bth f them lwered their heads. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] S she had n idea abut the case until she sptted the pst nline. (运用了until引导时间状语从句)