2024年湖南省长沙市雨花区中考一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；
6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。
试卷分四个部分，61小题，时量100分钟，满分100分。
I．听力（共两节，满分20分） 略
II．阅读（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
At Shanghai Disney Resrt(度假胜地), there are many tp-class restaurants. If yu find it difficult t decide where t eat, this guide will help yu. Fr mre infrmatin, yu may visit
1. Which restaurant is still pen until 9:30 p.m.?
A. Mlkai.B. The Dining Rm.C. The Cheese Factry.
2. What des the underlined wrd “cuisine” prbably mean?
A. 饭菜B. 文化C. 礼仪
3. Where is this passage prbably taken frm?
A. A Chinese map.B. A travel guide.C. A strybk.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一则广告，介绍了上海迪士尼度假区三家顶级餐厅的餐饮情况，供游客参考。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Cheesecake Factry 11 a.m. – 10 p.m.”可知，The Cheesecake Factry这家餐厅营业时间最晚到晚上10点，因此晚上9点半仍然营业中。故选C。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“The Dining Rm prvides traditinal Shanghai cuisine, including lcal fd like Xialngba and eggrlls(蛋卷).”可知，餐厅提供美味的当地小吃（如小笼包和蛋卷），是饭菜。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了上海迪士尼度假区三家顶级餐厅的餐饮情况，供游客参考，因此文章可能出现在旅游指南上。故选B。
B
Wu Sng was n his way hme. At nn, he felt hungry and thirsty. Suddenly, he saw an inn (酒馆) with a sign— “Three bwls and yu’ll frget the muntain!” He wndered what the sign meant. He walked in, sat dwn and called ut, “Get me sme wine and d it quick!”
The wner came with three bwls, a pair f chpsticks and a dish. He filled ne f the bwls with wine. Wu Sng picked it up and finished it at ne time. “This wine is really gd!” he said, “I’ll have smething else t g with this wine.”
The wner went in and sn came ut with quite sme beef in a big dish. He placed it in frnt f Wu Sng and gt him anther bwl f wine. Wu Sng finished it ff and said, “That’s gd wine!” But after the third bwl, the wner refused t get mre wine. Wu Sng gt angry. He banged (猛击) n the table and asked why he was refused t get mre wine.
The wner started t explain the meaning f the sign. He tld Wu Sng that his wine was better than thers and it had a strnger effect. After peple had just three bwls, they gt drunk.
“I’ve had three bwls, but I’m nt drunk,” said Wu Sng. “Bring me mre!” The wner asked if Wu Sng was sure abut this. Wu Sng insisted (坚持). The wner went t get mre. When Wu Sng was abut t pay his bill, he was tld that he had eighteen bwls f wine altgether.
4. When did Wu Sng walk int the inn?
A. At nn.B. In the mrning.C. In the evening.
5. Why did Wu Sng ask fr mre wine?
A. He was really thirsty.
B. He wanted t take sme hme.
C. He thught he culd drink mre.
6. Hw many bwls f wine did Wu Sng have altgether?
A. 18.B. 6.C. 3.
7. What kind f persn was the inn wner?
A. Respnsible.B. Perfect.C. Humrus.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了武松去酒馆喝酒的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At nn, he felt hungry and thirsty. Suddenly, he saw an inn (酒馆) with a sign— ‘Three bwls and yu’ll frget the muntain!’ He wndered what the sign meant. He walked in”可知是在中午走进酒馆，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I’ve had three bwls, but I’m nt drunk”可知是因为他觉得自己可以喝更多，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When Wu Sng was abut t pay his bill, he was tld that he had eighteen bwls f wine altgether.”可知他喝了18碗酒，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The wner started t explain the meaning f the sign. He tld Wu Sng that his wine was better than thers and it had a strnger effect. After peple had just three bwls, they gt drunk.”可知酒馆店家很负责的。故选A。
C
Plastic is everywhere. Accrding t the United Natins, abut 2,000 garbage trucks f plastic waste g int waterways such as ceans, rivers, and lakes each day. Nw plastic was fund n the backs f hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Accrding t a recent study, hermit crabs are using plastic garbage as shells (壳).
Zuzanna Jagiell is a bilgist at the University f Warsaw, in Pland. She thinks that the hermit crabs dn’t have hmes, s they use rubbish. Human activity has had a great influence n the envirnment. One example f that influence is hermit crabs using plastic waste as shells.
But accrding t a recent study, at least 386 hermit crabs have been recrded wearing garbage. Of the wrld’s 16 kinds f hermit crabs that live n land, 10 have been seen wearing garbage. Nearly 9 ut f every 10 f thse crabs were wearing plastic waste, such as bttle caps. The thers wre glass, such as brken light bulbs (灯泡).
Jagiell says that she and her team first learned abut hermit crabs wearing garbage when they nticed phts f them nline. They decided t learn mre by ding research. Fr their study, the researchers searched the Internet fr phts f hermit crabs wearing garbage. They fund phts frm all ver the wrld. Scientists agree that plastic pllutin harms wildlife and habitats (栖息地) in many ways. But s far, it isn’t clear that the crabs are in great danger.
8. Where was plastic garbage fund nw?
A In hermit crabs’ muths.B. On hermit crabs’ backs.C. Under hermit crabs’ feet.
9. What des Zuzanna Jagiell d?
A A bilgist.B. A writer.C. A reprter.
10. What is the 3rd paragraph mainly abut?
A. Hermit crabs are in great danger.
B. Mst hermit crabs are wearing garbage.
C. Hermit crabs like t wear different kinds f garbage.
11. What can we knw abut hermit crabs frm the passage?
A. Plastic pllutin is harmful t them.
B. Human activities are helping them find hmes.
C. Scientists learned mre abut their wearing garbage by taking phts.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了塑料污染对寄居蟹的影响，并指出会在许多方面损害野生动物和栖息地。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Nw plastic was fund n the backs f hermit crabs”可知在寄居蟹的背上。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Zuzanna Jagiell is a bilgist at the University f Warsaw”可知她是生物学家，故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“But accrding t a recent study, at least 386 hermit crabs have been recrded wearing garbage. Of the wrld’s 16 kinds f hermit crabs that live n land, 10 have been seen wearing garbage.”可知本段主要讲述了大多数寄居蟹身上都穿着垃圾。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Scientists agree that plastic pllutin harms wildlife and habitats (栖息地) in many ways.”可知塑料污染对它们有害。故选A。
第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一个多余选项。
In this April, sme peple reprted they felt the shake f earthquake. Earthquakes happen suddenly, withut warning. _____12_____ Arund the wrld, 70 t 75 damaging earthquakes take place each year. Grund shaking frm earthquakes can destry buildings and bridges. When an earthquake happens in a big city, it may cause many deaths and injuries (受伤). It’s necessary fr everybdy t knw hw t be prepared fr earthquakes.
Everyne in yur hme shuld knw what t d if an earthquake happens. _____13_____ After discussin, yu can help yur family learn t react crrectly by practicing. Practice drp, cver and hld-n in each safe place.
During an earthquake, mst deaths and injuries are caused by falling heavy bjects. Yu need t pick a safe place in each rm f yur hme. _____14_____ The kitchen is a dangerus place.
Remember t fix things that might fall frm abve during an earthquake. Falling things, like televisins and bks, can cause damage r injury. Mve large and heavy things t lwer shelves. Hang heavy items, such as mirrrs, away frm beds and sfas.
If yu are utdrs, find a place away frm buildings, trees and streetlights. If yu are in an elevatr (电梯), hit the buttn fr every flr. _____15_____
A. Get ut as sn as yu can.
B. Discuss earthquakes with yur family.
C. They can happen at any time f the year.
D. Build a safe rm fr yur family t use.
E. A safe place culd be under a strng table.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. E 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了地震的知识。
【12题详解】
根据“Earthquakes happen suddenly, withut warning.”可知，地震发生得很突然，毫无征兆。选项C“它们可能在一年中的任何时候发生。”符合语境，故选C。
【13题详解】
根据“After discussin, yu can help yur family learn t react crrectly by practicing.”可知，此处提到了讨论，选项B“和你的家人讨论地震。”符合语境，故选B。
【14题详解】
根据“Yu need t pick a safe place in each rm f yur hme.”可知，你需要在家里的每个房间里选一个安全的地方。选项E“一个安全的地方可能是在一张结实的桌子下面。”符合语境，故选E。
【15题详解】
根据“If yu are in an elevatr (电梯), hit the buttn fr every flr.”可知，在电梯里面需要越快出去越好，选项A“出去越快越好。”符合语境，故选A。
III．语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peple are s busy these days that many have n time t ck. This may have becme a prblem, because mst families lve t ___16___ at hme! They lve hme cking fr sme reasns. The fd tastes gd and warm, and a family meal can bring everyne tgether. In sme ___17___, meals are ften the nly times everyne sees ne anther at the same time.
Hme cking is ften a way f shwing lve. That’s anther reasn why peple ___18___ it. A parent wh bakes chclate ckies isn’t just satisfying a child’s sweet tth. The parent is sending a ___19___. The message says, “I lve yu s much that I’m willing t spend an hur making ckies, even thugh yu may eat them up as ___20___ as yu can, like in ten minutes!” Als the children culd shw their lve t their parents in the ___21___ way. On sme special days, they can take charge f the kitchen t let their parents just relax!
The smell f gd cking is lved by peple f all ___22___, whether they are yung r ld. It makes mst f them feel safe and lved! Next time yu smell a cake baking, ___23___ there fr a mment and pay attentin t yur feelings. It is pssible that the gd smell make yu feel happy.
Gd cking smell is helpful in ___24___ a huse. Peple whse hmes are fr sale ften bake ckies if future buyers are cming t see the huse. The ___25___ smell f the ckies may make buyer believe that the huse wuld make a gd hme fr their family, t!
16.
A. ckB. wrkC. mark
17.
A. fficesB. schlsC. families
18.
A. enjyB. shareC. thank
19.
A lveB. messageC. ckie
20.
A. quicklyB. livelyC. carefully
21.
A. bringB. difficultC. same
22.
A. clrsB. agesC. sizes
23.
A. stayB. liveC. watch
24.
A. sellingB. buildingC. mdeling
25.
A. naturalB. expensiveC. pleasant
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了在家做饭的意义。
【16题详解】
句意：这可能已经成为一个问题，因为大多数家庭都喜欢在家里做饭！
ck烹饪；wrk工作；mark标记。根据“They lve hme cking fr sme reasns.”可知是指大多数家庭都喜欢在家里做饭。故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：在一些家庭中，吃饭往往是所有人同时看到对方的唯一时间。
ffices办公室；schls学校；families家庭。根据“and a family meal can bring everyne tgether”可知是指在一些家庭中，吃饭往往是所有人同时看到对方的唯一时间。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：这是人们喜欢它的另一个原因。
enjy享受；share分享；thank感谢。根据“Hme cking is ften a way f shwing lve.”可知是指这是人们喜欢它的另一个原因。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：这位家长正在传递一种信息。
lve爱；message消息；ckie曲奇。根据“The message says”，可知是指消息，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：我太爱你了，我愿意花一个小时做饼干，即使你可能会尽快把它们吃光，比如十分钟！
quickly快速地；lively生动的；carefully仔细地。根据“like in ten minutes”可知是指你可能会尽快把它们吃光，故选A。
21题详解】
句意：孩子们也可以用同样的方式向父母表达他们的爱。
bring无聊的；difficult困难的；same同样的。根据“On sme special days, they can take charge f the kitchen t let their parents just relax!”可知是指孩子们也可以用同样的方式向父母表达他们的爱。故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：美味烹饪的味道受到各个年龄段的人的喜爱。
clrs颜色；ages年龄；sizes尺寸。根据“whether they are yung r ld.”可知是指受到各个年龄段的人的喜爱。故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：下次当你闻到蛋糕烘焙的味道时，在那里停留一会儿，注意你的感受。
stay停留；live居住；watch看。根据“Next time yu smell a cake baking…there fr a mment and pay attentin t yur feelings”可知是指在那里停留一会儿，注意你的感受。故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：好的烹饪气味有助于卖房子。
selling卖；building建筑；mdeling模拟。根据“Peple whse hmes are fr sale ften bake ckies if future buyers are cming t see the huse.”可知是指好的烹饪气味有助于卖房子。故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：饼干的香味可能会让买家相信，这座房子也会成为他们家人的好家！
natural自然的；expensive昂贵的；pleasant愉快的。根据“smell f the ckies may make buyer believe that the huse wuld make a gd hme fr their family, t”可知是指饼干的香味可能会让买家相信，这座房子也会成为他们家人的好家，故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mabel LeRuzic, aged 90, lives by herself, but she desn’t really live alne. She hlds up ____26____ dg and says, “Lucky, say hell!” Lucky barks (叫) happily.
But Lucky is nt a real dg. He is a rbt that lks like a dg. His ____27____ (eye) pen and clse. He turns t face yu when yu talk. Mabel knws Lucky is just a rbt, but she became less lnely after she gt ____28____ (he). Mabel likes watching TV with him.
Mabel is nt the nly ne wh lives with a rbt. Cuntries like Japan ____29____ Germany are aging rapidly. A few years ag, rbts were intrduced t elderly (年迈的) peple wh live alne. These rbts cme in many frms. They greet yu ____30____ (plite). Sme can play music. Sme can dance with yu.
These rbts cme with many advantages. Studies have ____31____ (find) that they can help peple feel less lnely. These rbts never frget things. And they are always ____32____ (patience).
But there are als sme prblems. Tday, many yung peple are t busy. They aren’t ____33____ (spend) much time with their grandparents. The use f rbt caregivers may make the situatin even ____34____ (bad) than this. Elderly peple wuld want t enjy talking ____35____ their grandchildren, after all.
【答案】26 a 27. eyes
28. him 29. and
30. plitely
31. fund 32. patient
33. spending
34. wrse 35. with
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了陪伴老人的机器狗。
【26题详解】
句意：她举起一只狗说：“Lucky，打个招呼！”，此处表示泛指，dg是以辅音音素开头的单词，用a。故填a。
【27题详解】
句意：他的眼睛睁开合上。此处需用复数形式，表示他的眼睛。故填eyes。
【28题详解】
句意：梅布尔知道Lucky只是一个机器人，但在得到他之后，她变得不那么孤独了。动词gt后接宾格。故填him。
【29题详解】
句意：像日本、德国这样的国家正在迅速老龄化。根据“Japan…Germany”可知应表并列，and“和”，故填and。
【30题详解】
句意：它们礼貌地和你打招呼。此处需要副词plitely“礼貌地”修饰动词。故填plitely。
【31题详解】
句意：研究发现，它们可以帮助人们减少孤独感。空前是have，因此此处是现在完成时，需用动词的过去分词形式。故填fund。
【32题详解】
句意：以及它们总是耐心的，此空需用形容词patient“耐心的”作表语。故填patient。
【33题详解】
句意：他们和祖父母在一起的时间不多。空前是be动词，此处是现在进行时，动词需用现在分词形式。故填spending。
【34题详解】
句意：使用机器人护理员可能会使情况变得更糟。结合than可知需用比较级。故填wrse。
【35题详解】
句意：毕竟，老年人会喜欢和他们的孙子孙女聊天。talk with sb.“和某人谈话”，故填with。
IV．读写综合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
D yu have a sweet tth? Are yu a fan f chclate? If yu are answering “yes” t bth f these questins, then the Lindt Hme f Chclate shuld be a gd place t g.
The Lindt Hme f Chclate is the wrld’s largest chclate museum. It is in Zurich, Switzerland. It was firstly pened t the public in September 2020. If yu are lking t take sme great phts at the museum, lk n further than the chclate funtain (喷泉). The funtain is abve nine meters high. Arund 1,500 kilgrams f melted (融化的) chclate is flwing in it. T the disappintment f chclate lvers, they can enjy the funtain but they are nt allwed t put their hands int it.
In additin t the funtain, the museum has many ther things t ffer. The exhibitins (展览) intrduce the histry f chclate t visitrs. Alng the way, there are plenty f tasting chances. The museum even has a space fr chclate-making classes. Visitrs can learn t design and make their wn chclate there.
Switzerland is knwn fr its high-quality chclate. In the eyes f the Swiss, this tasty brwn fd stands as a natinal pride. Almst everyne in the cuntry takes chclate seriusly. The Lindt Hme f Chclate is expected t spread the lve fr chclate.
36. Where is the Lindt Hme f Chclate?
___________________________
37. Hw high is the chclate funtain?
___________________________
38. Can chclate lvers put hands int the funtain?
___________________________
39. What is the Lindt Hme f Chclate expected t achieve?
___________________________
40. Wuld yu like t visit the Lindt Hme f Chclate? Why r why nt?
___________________________
【答案】36. In Zurich, Switzerland.
37. Mre than nine meters high.
38. N (, they can’t).
39. T spread the lve fr chclate.
40. Yes, I’d like t. Because I lve chclate. (合理即可)
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了世界上最大的巧克力博物馆。
【36题详解】
根据“The Lindt Hme f Chclate is the wrld’s largest chclate museum. It is in Zurich, Switzerland.”它位于瑞士苏黎世。故填In Zurich, Switzerland.
【37题详解】
根据“The funtain is abve nine meters high.”可知喷泉在九米高以上。故填Mre than nine meters high.
【38题详解】
根据“T the disappintment f chclate lvers, they can enjy the funtain but they are nt allwed t put their hands int it.”可知不可以，故填N (, they can’t).
【39题详解】
根据“The Lindt Hme f Chclate is expected t spread the lve fr chclate.”可知是传播对巧克力的热爱。故填T spread the lve fr chclate.
【40题详解】
合理即可。故填Yes, I’d like t. Because I lve chclate.
第二节 书面表达（满分15分）
41. 根据要求完成短文写作。学校参加了国际志愿者项目（Glbal Vlunteers），面向全校招募志愿者培养对象，请你结合以下提示，写一封申请邮件。
要求：
(1)短文必须包含提示中的所有要点，可适当发挥；
(2)80词左右（给出的开头内容不计入总词数）；
(3)不得出现真实的人名和校名。
Dear Sir r Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I’d like t becme a member f Glbal Vlunteers.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Dear Sir r Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I’d like t becme a member f Glbal Vlunteers.
I really enjy helping peple and think vlunteering is fun! I am gd at rganizing games and I lve t teach thers new things. At schl, I help my classmates with their hmewrk, and we ften play sprts tgether after classes. I think being a vlunteer will let me help even mre peple and make new friends.
I als want t learn abut ther cultures and hw kids in different cuntries live. I believe that being a part f Glbal Vlunteers will teach me a lt and help me grw up t be a kind persn wh cares abut the wrld.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my applicatin!
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇电子邮件；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要注意不要遗漏提示中的四个主要内容，并适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
①第一步，介绍自己的兴趣爱好和能力；
②第二步，介绍自己的想法；
③第三步，说明自己希望加入的原因。
[亮点词汇]
①be gd at擅长
②make friends交朋友
③learn abut了解
[高分句型]
I believe that being a part f Glbal Vlunteers will teach me a lt and help me grw up t be a kind persn wh cares abut the wrld.（宾语从句，定语从句）Mlkai
10 a.m.–9 p.m. ¥50–100 per adult
Mlkai is a creative Asian restaurant. It ffers different kinds f traditinal dishes. The pen kitchen allws guests t see hw they make the fd.
The Cheese Factry
11 a.m.–10 p.m. ¥100–300 per adult
Yu can taste cheesecakes here. They are fresh and delicius. It als has hamburgers, sandwiches, seafd and salads.
The Dining Rm
10 a.m.–9 p.m. ¥100–200 per adult
The Dining Rm prvides traditinal Shanghai cuisine, including lcal fd like Xialngba and eggrlls(蛋卷).