2021年湖南永州中考英语试题及答案

这是一份2021年湖南永州中考英语试题及答案，共17页。

1. What is Grace ding nw?
2. What’s the mater with the wman?
3. What des Alice d after schl?
4. Where is the watch made?
5. Hw des Kate g t schl?
第二节 (共15分，每小题1分) 听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
听第一段材料，回答第6~7小题。
6. Where des the man want t g?
A. A bank. B. A htel. C. A supermarket.
7. Hw far is it frm here t the destinatin (目的地)?
A. Abut 4 kilmeters. B. Abut 4 kilmeters. C. Abut 6 kilmeters.
听第二段材料，回答第8~9小题。
8. What kind f music des Jane lk like?
A. Pp. B. Rck. C. Cuntry.
9. When shall they meet?
A. At 2:00 p.m. B. At 2:30 p.m. C. At 3:00 p.m.
听第三段材料，回答第10~11小题。
10. What des the man want t buy?
A. Shirts. B. Cats. C. Skirts.
11. Hw much will the wman pay fr the gifts?
A. 20 dllars. B. 35 dllars. C. 40 dllars.
听第四段材料，回答第12~14小题。
12. Hw was the weather n Saturday?
A. Sunny. B. Cludy. C. Rainy.
13. What did Mary d n Sunday afternn?
A. She visited her grandparents.
B. She played with her brther.
C. She vlunteered in an ld peple’s hme.
14. What did Mike think was the mst delicius?
A. Salad B. Cake. C. Ppcrn.
听第五段材料，回答第15~17小题。
15. What subjects shuld Lucy study hard?
A. Math and science. B. Medicine and chemistry. C. Math and chemistry.
16. What des Bb want t be?
A. An inventr. B. A dctr. C. A teacher.
17. What des Bb think f medicine?
A. Different. B. Fun. C. Easy.
听第六段材料，回答第18~20小题。
18. Hw des reading make us feel?
A. Happy. B. Tired. C. Bred
19. Why may gd readers becme gd writers?
A. Because they can read a bk anywhere.
B. Because their schlwrk may becme better.
C. Because they may have mre things t write abut.
20. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. Reading is a gd hbby. B. Reading is Fun. C. Hw t read faster.
第二部分 阅读技能 (共两节，计50分)
第一节 阅读选择 (共40分，每小题2分) 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。
A
China’s unbelievable high-speed rail netwrk
At the beginning f the 21st century China had n high-speed railways. Slw, crwded and ften uncmfrtable trains ran acrss this vast cuntry, with lw average speeds making jurneys such as Shanghai-Beijing a test f travel.
Tday, it’s a cmpletely different picture. With 37,900 kilmeters f lines, linking all f its majr big cities. China has the wrld’s largest wrk f high-speed railways. Half f that ttal has been cmpleted in the last five years alne, with a further 3,700 kilmeters due t pen in the cming mnths f 2021. The netwrk is expected t duble in length again, t 70,000 kilmeters, by 2035.
1. Hw were the trains in China at the beginning f the 21st century?
A. Fast.B. Cmfrtable.C. Crwded.
2. Hw many kilmeters f lines are due t pen in the cming mnths f 2021?
A. 3,700.B. 37,900.C. 70,000.
【答案】1. C 2. A
B
3. 41.0% f kids aged ________ use the Internet.
A. 5—9B. 10—13C. 14—17
4. What percentage f kids gets news r infrmatin nline?
A. 89%.B. 76%.C. 38%.
5. What d 43% f kids usually d n the Internet?
A. Play games.B. Buy bks.C. Send r receive instant messages.
【答案】3. A 4. B 5. B
C
Can a green machine help the wrld’s prest kids learn better? Nichlas Negrpnte thinks s. He and his team f scientists have invented a new type f cmputer. As a result, many children wh live in pverty (贫穷) will have their wn laptp cmputers!
Negrpnte wrks at a university. He started a grup called One Laptp Per Child (OLPC). The peple at OLPC dn’t wrk fr mney. They wrk t help children learn. OLPC makes cmputers that dn’t cst a lt. Then they sell the machines t gvernments f cuntries that have many peple live in pverty. The gvernments then give the cmputes t kids fr free.
The XO Laptp cmputers are made fr schl-aged children in develping natins. Many f these children live in faraway areas and g t schls with classrms. In rder t wrk, the laptps have t be lasting and student-friendly.
The machines have many fun characters like a built-in vide camera, vice recrding, and games. The WiFi lets students share infrmatin n the Web and read e-bks. They als can make music and chat with friends.
Anther great character is that it can last fr a lng time. It can be hand charged and als can be recharged by cnnecting t a slar panel. Because f these characters the XO laptps make learning fun while helping the envirnment.
The cmputers have a clrful name—“the green machine”. Negrpnte thinks they culd make a difference in the lives f millins f kids. He says, “Every prblem yu can think f—pverty, peace, the envirnment—is slved with educatin.”
OLPC plans t give ut ver ten millin cmputers in the next few years. Kids in Thailand, Nigeria, Brazil, and Argentina will get mst f them. China and Egypt als want t take part in the prgram. After that, Negrpnte hpes t sell cmputers t ther cuntries with high pverty.
6. Negrpnte thinks his laptp cmputers will help the wrld’s prest kids t ________.
A. wrk at hmeB. g t schl n timeC. learn better
7. What can we knw abut the peple at OLPC accrding t Paragraph 2?
A. They wrk fr mney.
B. They give cmputers t kids fr free.
C. They sell cmputers t gvernments with many peple living in pverty.
8. Why d XO laptps make learning fun while helping the envirnment?
A. Because they are lasting and student-friendly.
B. Because they are made fr schl-aged children.
C. Because they have a clrful name.
9. What des the underlined wrd “charged” mean in Chinese?
A. 携带B. 充电C. 使用
10. Wh will get mst f the cmputers in the next few years?
A. Kids in Thailand.B. Kids in China.C. Kids in Egypt.
【答案】6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A
D
Dgs might have the latest tls in the fight against cancer (癌症); their nses! Researchers at Califrnia’s Pine Street Fundatin (PSF) say they have trained five dgs t smell cancer n a prisn’s breath. This culd be exciting news.
A dg’s sense f smell may be 10,000 t 100,000 times strnger than urs. But can dgs really smell illness? PSF researcher Michael McCullch says yes. “We were very surprised by hw exact they were,” he said. “They were telling wh had cancer, and they were als saying wh didn’t.”
McCullch and his team asked fur healthy peple and ne with cancer t blw int plastic tubes (塑料管). Special materials in the tubes kept the things f each breath. The tubes were then placed ne yard apart. Finally, the dgs were allwed t smell the tubes. Each dg had been trained fr three weeks t sit when it smelled cancer. Ninety-nine percent f the time, the dug sat next t the tubes blwn int by patients with lung cancer. The dgs were right 88 percent f the time abut breast cancer.
N lab test fr cancer has given mre crrect results than this test. The results are s amazing that many experts questin the dgs’ smelling pwer. They wnder if there were ther reasns why the dgs did s well. Fr example, they thught the way the dg trainers behaved culd have influenced hw the dgs acted. Hwever, mst experts agree that this study is imprtant. The infrmatin culd help scientists create a simple breath test fr cancer in the future. Once again, humans may be getting a helping paw r nse—frm their best animal friends.
11. What’s the latest tl a dg might have in the fight against cancer?
A. Tth.B. Nse.C. Ear.
12. What happened first in the Pine Street Fundatin test?
A. The dgs were trained.B. The tubes were placed ne yard apart.
C. The dgs smelled the tubes.
13. What was a dg suppsed t d when it smelled cancer?
A. Smell again.B. Turn arund.C. Sit dwn.
14. Lk at the chart. Hw many times did the dgs keep standing when they smelled the breath frm healthy persns?
A. Less than 10 times.B. Almst 600 times.C. Abut 700 times.
15. Why d many experts questin the dg’s smelling pwer?
A. Because n lab test fr cancer has given mre crrect results.
B. Because the dg trainers influenced hw the dgs acted.
C. Because they dn’t think this study is imprtant.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B
E
What d yu d with yur rubbish? Thrw it ut? Yu dn’t knw what yu’re missing! Lk clsely at the tw figures n yur left. They were made frm things mst peple thrw away. The figures were made frm used bttle caps. Thse tw bttle-cap figures were exhibited (展示) in a museum.
Flk art is art made by cmmn peple wh have nt been trained as artists. Their wrk is ften based n traditins in their culture. Fine art, n the ther hand, is usually made by peple wh have had training in art. Wrks f fine art are valued fr their artistic beauty. They are suppsed t be lked at but nt used. Wrks f flk art, hwever, are ften made fr everyday use.
There were mre than 800 pieces f flk art frm nearly 50 cuntries in the exhibitin. All f the pieces were made frm used metal, wd, clth, and plastic. The artists cme frm many different cultures. Still, they all share ne thing. They take bjects that are nrmally thrwn away and change them int bjects that are beautiful, useful, and fun. The artists may nt think f what they d as recycling, but that’s exactly what it is. Fine artists might wrk with expensive materials. They might use expensive tls t shape these materials int wrks f art. On the ther hand, in pr cuntries rubbish might be the nly material flk artists and ty makers can affrd. The exhibitin shws that a rich imaginatin is very imprtant when there are nly pr materials. Recycled art began lng befre peple began t think abut recycling. Sme f the bjects in the exhibitin date frm the 1930s.
Even if yu dn’t create art ut f rubbish, it’s gd t save ur natural resurces. Remember the three Rules: reduce, reuse, recycle. If yu reduce waste, true things instead f thrwing them ut, and recycle materials such as paper, plastic, and glass, yu will prtect the envirnment.
16. Which idea belngs in the empty bx?
A. Flk art is made by peple wh are nt trained artists
B. The artists cme frm many different cultures
C. Recycled art began lng befre peple started recycling
17. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A. There was mre than 800 pieces f fine art.
B. Flk artists can’t shape expensive materials int wrks f art.
C. Pr materials als can be made int wrks f art.
18. What is the same thing f the pieces in the exhibitin share?
A. They are all wks f fine art.B. They are all made frm used materials.
C. They are all made by the trained artists.
19. What can we d t prtect ur envirnment?
A. Thrw away used materials.B. Only use expensive materials.
C. Recycle materials.
20. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Used Bttle CapsB. The Art f RecyclingC. A Museum Exhibitin
【答案】16. C 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B
第二节 阅读匹配 (共10分，每小题2分)
阅读下面的短文，从所给的A~F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容完整，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑，其中选项中有一项是多余的。
5 ways t train yur brain fr better sleep
The days are lnger, full f sunshine and bright with the prmise f enjying a mre relaxing spring and summer with yur lved nes. But if yu want t enjy yur daytime, it’s time t imprve yur sleep during the night-time. “Sleep prblems endanger health and quality (质量) f life fr up t 45% f the wrld’s ppulatin,” accrding t the Wrld Sleep Sciety.
Sleep is ne f the three keys t a healthier, lnger life (the thers are diet and exercise). ____21____. Here are the tp five ways t imprve yur sleep and get sme relax:
Create a sleep nest
____22____. Science tells us that we sleep better in cler temperatures f abut 60 t 67 degrees Fahrenheit (15℃ t 20℃).
Develp a rutine
Set up a bedtime ritual by taking a warm bath r shwer, reading a bk r listening t sft music. Yu’re teaching yur mind t relax. And stick t it. G t bed and get up at the same time each day, even n weekends r yur days ff. ____23____.
Cut the lights
Prductin f the sleep hrmne melatnin (荷尔蒙褪黑激素) begins at dark. Research has fund that the bdy will slw r stp it with light n, t get away frm any light, even the blue light frm yur charging smart phne.
Refuse the wine
Dn’t turn t wine t make yu calm r help yu sleep. ____24____. Yur bdy needs t experience all three steps f sleep—light sleep dream, and deep sleep—t fully repair itself.
____25____
Heavy and spicy fds may give yu heartburn r ther digestive prblems, thus influencing yur ability t get and stay asleep.
If yu try these tips and can’t seem t relax, r yur sleep cntinues t wrsen, be sure t reach ut t yur dctr r a mental health prfessinal.
A. The bdy likes rutine
B. Avid heavy r ht fds
C. Refuse cffee later in the day
D. One f the first tasks is t set up yur sleep envirnment
E. Wine may help yu fall asleep, but it hlds yu in the lighter sleep
F. Many f the ways t increase the quality f yur sleep are easy t fllw
【答案】21. F 22. D 23. A 24. E 25. B
第三部分 知识运用 (共两节，计20分)
第一节 词语填空 (共10分，每小题1分)
阅读下面的内容，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。
My whle life has changed because f COVID-19. It’s very upsetting because we can’t ____26____ anyne else and we can’t g t thers’ hmes. We have been at hme, but I ____27____ the healthcare wrkers wh have risked their lives every day t help us stay healthy and safe. Here, I describe my experience during this time.
Cming back hme frm my spring vacatin, I gt news that schl is clsed fr tw weeks.
Being a kid, I gt ____28____ but I didn’t knw what was waiting fr us. I never thught I wuld be ding my classes nline mnths later.
Right after the “stay at hme” rder, my mther tested psitive fr COVID-19 and ur family was quarantined (隔离) fr 14 days. It was really challenging fr all f us, especially fr my ____29____, wh gt sick. Thse were the wrst tw weeks in my life.
Watching my mther ____30____ fever, cugh, and shrtness f breath was heartbreaking. I had tears in my eyes, but I didn’t tell my parents abut it. I was thankful that my father is a ____31____ wh knws hw t treat COVID-19 patients. After three weeks, my mther gt better.
My father is a true her. Nt nly was he taking care f us, but als he has been treating patients with COVID-19 every day and ____32____ the cmmunity selflessly. I am prud f him.
This ____33____ has taught me t be thankful fr things we have in life. My father has ____34____ me t be selfless, helpful, and brave. It is OK t be anxius, but remember that there is ____35____ at the end f the channel (隧道) and life will get nrmal again.
26. A. e-mailB. callC. meet
27. A. admireB. likeC. miss
28. A. surprisedB. excitedC. wrried
29. A. sisterB. fatherC. mther
30. A. cntinueB. standC. accept
31. A. dctrB. wrkerC. teacher
32. A. cntrllingB. servingC. cleaning
33. A. accidentB. jurneyC. experience
34. A. askedB. tldC. taught
35. A. lightB. signC. wind
【答案】26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
第二节 语法填空 (共10分，每小题1分)
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(限1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺完整。
36. Nwadays, better medical care and cleaner water help peple live ________ (lng).
【答案】lnger
37. At the very heart f Beijing, the Palace Museum is China’s largest f all the ancient ________ (building).
【答案】buildings
38. Peple arund the wrld are wrking n ________ (reduce) the causes f glbal warming.
【答案】reducing
39. He wh has nt climbed ________ Great Wall is nt a true man.
【答案】the
40. The fficial language f China is Putnghua, ________ the freigners usually call it Mandarin.
【答案】while
41. Mid-Autumn Festival is a special time fr families and it is ________ n the 15th day f the eighth lunar mnth.
【答案】celebrated
42. Chairman Ma nce ________ (say) that wmen culd hld up half the sky.
【答案】said
43. China ________ (have) three main types f teas: green tea, black lea and wulng tea, a halfway between black and green tea.
【答案】has
44. Mattew Chimudzi wants t study Chinese s that he can have a gd ________ (cmmunicate) with peple in China ne day.
【答案】cmmunicatin
45. When it cmes t my birthdays, I wuld like t invite my friends ________ (watch) a mvie.
【答案】t watch
第四部分 写作技能 (共三节，计30分)
第一节 回答问题 (共10分，每小题2分)
阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
Rice is ne f the mst cmmnly eaten basic fds arund the wrld. Buying it and cking it is a daily matter. Yet fr many, its presence has been a matter f life and death. It is a main fd because it is easy t grw, besides lw cst and cnvenience. A pr cmmunity in the develping wrld may find it difficult t bring in freign fruits r raise cattle fr meat, but it can almst certainly use the land it has in rder t grw plenty f rice.
This was the great achievement f Yuan Lngping, wh passed away n May 22 this year. A great Chinese scientist, Yuan successfully develped what is knwn as “hybrid rice” which can prduce up a 30% higher utput. Yuan Lngping was brn in the year 1930, a time when China was very different. It was a natin, withut mdern industry, depending n the rice which they grew. The first few decades (十年) f his life were met with majr scial events, and a rapidly grwing ppulatin that made fd supply nt last all the time. This experience left its mark n Yuan Lngping, which made him fcus n (关注) farming science and wrk n his research f hybrid rice.
His achievement wuld see the rice supply in China increasing frm 56.9 millin tns in 1950 t 194.7 millin tns by 2017. By 1991, 20% f the wrld’s rice utput came frm hybrid rice, even if nly being planted in 10% f fields.
Always remember, human develpment begins first with the mst basic and sample things, such as develping rice. We shuld be thankful fr scientific thinkers like Yuan.
46. Why is rice a main fd arund the wrld?
________________
47. What did Yuan develp successfully?
________________
48. When was Yuan Lngping brn?
________________
49. What made Yuan fcus n farming science?
________________
50. Hw many tns was the rice supply in China by 2017?
________________
【答案】46. It is a main fd because it is easy t grw, besides lw cst and cnvenience.
47. Hybrid rice./He develped hybrid rice successfully.
48. He was brn in the year 1930./In the year 1930./In 1930.
49. The rapidly grwing ppulatin that made fd supply nt last all the time.
50. 194.7 millin tns.
第二节 语篇翻译(共8分，每小题2分)
阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。
The rle f the disabled in sciety
The 2022 Paralympic Winter Games will be held in Beijing and Zhangjiaku in nrth China’s Hebei prvince.
Hsting the Paralympic Games will help draw attentin t the need fr cuntries t d mre t make sure equal chances fr all peple in sciety. 1.It is necessary t realize the great achievements which are made by disabled peple.
2.残疾人在中国的生活已经改善了很多，and mre achievements are expected t be seen as the cuntry has been speeding up t realize the gal f achieving “equality, participatin and sharing,” as expressed in the 2019 White Paper n China’s 70 years f prgress in dealing with the needs f the disabled.
3.The Chinese gvernment is trying t slve the needs f the disabled and prvide them with new chances. Fr example, buildings, hlds, public transprt and ther public places are becming mre wheelchair friendly.
Mdern media als play an imprtant rle in educating the public abut the needs f the disabled and als changing sciety’s image f them, s there is greater fcus n their special abilities rather than n their abilities.
In fact, the sciety’s mst disabled peple prvide all f us with imprtant lessns. They shw us cnfidence, creativity and psitivity. The lser will fail 99 times and then give up. 4.要成功，你必须有耐心，永不放弃。Yu must always learn frm yur failures, and mve n.
51. ________________
52. ________________
53. ________________
54. ________________
【答案】51. 实现残疾人的伟大成就是很必要的。
52. The life f the disabled in China has imprved a lt.
53. 中国政府正在努力解决残疾人的需要，为他们提供新的机会。
54. T succeed, yu must be patient and never give up.
第三节 书面表达(共12分)
55. 每个人心中都有一个闪亮的名字，如张桂梅、钟南山、你的妈妈×××……假如你是李华，请给你的英国笔友Linda写一封电子邮件，介绍你心目中的一位英雄。
注意：
（1）信中必须包含英雄的基本信息和主要事迹；
（2）信中不得出现自己的校名和姓名；
（3） 80词左右(首段已给出，不计入总词数)。
Dear Linda,
Hw are yu getting n? I’m writing this email t share a stry with yu.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】略
Dgs in the Pine Street Fundatin test were trained t sit when they smelled cancer. Hw well did they perfrm? Take a lk at this chart t find ut.
Breath Sample
Number f Times the Dgs Sat dwn
Number f Times the Dgs Kept Standing
Breath frm lung cancer patients
564
10
Breath frm healthy persns
4
708
Cnclusin (结论)
Details
Art based n cultural traditins
Art made fr everyday use
Art made with used materials