专题08 短文选词填空12篇(名校模拟+地区真题)-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（上海专用）

这是一份专题08 短文选词填空12篇(名校模拟+地区真题)-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（上海专用），共19页。
One day, Mr. Tree was wrking with his team near his hme twn f Mirb. They were fighting a bush fire. They were 4 up Samsn Rad when Mr. Tree saw a kala. It was walking acrss the burned grund, and it didn’t lk happy. There’s a kala, stp the truck. Mr. Tree shuted and jumped ut “I videed the kala fr my daughter Cheyenne and shuted fr a bttle f water.”
Firefighter Mark Pardew tk the pht while the kala was drinking frm a bttle. “Kalas are 5 friendly t peple but this ne tk David’s hand,” said Mr. Pardew. “She was 6 tired and thirsty.”
A friend tk the 7 animal t a wildlife centre. At the centre, they named her Sam after Samsn Rad.
Later Mr. Pardew emailed the pht t friends and smene sent it t the 8 newspaper. Frm there it went arund the wrld and David Tree became a celebrity.
Bush fires=fast and dangeus fires that happen in the cuntryside in Australia.
Adapted frm the Guardian newspaper
（2023·上海杨浦·统考二模）
In Japan, ne f the best parts f spring is hanami, r flwer-viewing. Whether yu prefer taking a walk under the trees r having a picnic in the park, there are sme rules t keep in mind.
Hanami Manners
Rule 1: Only take the space yu need
Since hamami is such a ppular activity, it might be hard t get a space where yu can sit. Mst peple want t have a 9 clse t the trees, restrms and rubbish bins, s these areas are taken quickly. It is understandable t want t make yurself 10 , but please take ther visitrs int cnsideratin and dn’t take up mre space than necessary.
Rule 2: Take yur rubbish hme
Eating and drinking under cherry trees is very relaxing；hwever, n ne can enjy the Sakura when piles f rubbish start t build up. Public places in Japan 11 prvide litter bins. If they d, there are s many visitrs that the bins can quickly becme full. Thrw all yur rubbish away in the prper 12 r take it hme with yu.
Rule 3: Never tuch r damage the trees
T take a perfect selfie, sme turists might climb trees r 13 the branches t create a petal shwer. Hwever, cherry trees are easy t break when yu tuch the branches. Als, 14 hanging r placing any heavy bjects n the tree trunks r branches.
Rule 4: Mind the nise yu make
Taking an afternn t hang ut with yur friends in a public park sunds like a lt f fun. But remember that yu are nt the nly peple 15 t have fun under the trees. Being utdrs desn’t mean yu are 16 t be as lud as yu want. Please be cnsiderate twards the ther peple wh are enjying themselves in the same park.
（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）
An English traveler fund himself in Nrway with nly enugh mney t buy the ticket fr him t g back hme. As he knew that it wuld take him nly tw days t get t England, he decided that he culd easily spend the time 17 fd. S he bught a ticket and gt n the ship. The man clsed his ears t the sund f the lunch bell. When dinnertime came, he didn’t g t dinning rm, saying that he was nt feeling very well.
The next mrning he still didn’t have breakfast and at lunchtime he 18 stayed in his rm. But at dinnertime he was s hungry that he went t the dinning rm and ate everything the waiter put 19 him. He gt ready fr the quarrel.
“Bring me the bill,” he said. “The bill, sir?” said the waiter in surprise. “There isn’t any bill. On ur ship meals are 20 in the mney fr the ticket.”
（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）
There is an unusual hliday in the US that falls n the furth Thursday f April every year.
It is very 21 Christmas, Thanksgiving, r ther well-knwn hlidays. It is called Take Our Daughters and Sns t Wrk Day. This hliday is meant t be 22 as well as fun. The idea is simple, and the name says it all. It is a day fr wrking parents t shw their kids what they d all day.
Althugh this hliday desn’t seem very cmplex(复杂的), it has meaningful 23 . There are many gd reasns why a child shuld knw what his r her parents d at wrk. Fr ne thing, it is hard fr children t understand the life f an adult when all they knw is schl. Therefre, this hliday helps children learn what it means t have a jb. It als helps them learn abut the differences and similarities between their wrld and the grwn-up wrld. When yung peple knw mre abut their parents’ lives, they can 24 strnger parent-child relatinships. This alne is wrth a day f celebratin.
（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次
CHATBOTS—What they d and why they matterChatbts are changing the way custmers interact with businesses.
Think abut this, instead f clicking n link n a cmpany’s website, yu culd 25 type a questin and get an immediate custmized answer. Sme cmpanies are wrking t make this a reality using chatbts. Chatbts are cmputer 26 that can cmmunicate with human beings by phne, n messaging apps r n websites.
Chatbts can 27 infrmatin, answer frequently asked questins (FAQs) and cllect infrmatin frm users. They can be used t 28 payments fr nline shpping, t help users decide what they want t buy and t make appintments.
There are tw types f chatbts: pen and clsed. A clsed chatbt 29 instructins, which may r may nt invlve using AI (artificial intelligence) t understand users’ messages. An pen chatbt uses AI bth t tell what users want and t make 30 . Open chatbts are able t learn frm their cnversatins and imprve their ability t cmmunicate ver time. This means that pen chatbts can respnd t a 31 range f requests fr infrmatin, cmpared with clsed chatbts. Chatting with them feels mre natural, but if they have nt been 32 trained, users may have a bad experience with them.
（2023·上海静安·统考二模）Chse the prper wrds in the bx t cmplete the fllwing passage. Each can be used nly nce (选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)
The mdern age is an age f electricity. Peple are s used t electric lights, radis, televisins and telephnes that it is hard t 33 what life wuld be like withut them. When there is a pwer failure, cars hesitate in the streets because there are n traffic lights t guide them, and fd turns bad in 34 fridges. Nature has been experimenting fr millins f years. Hwever, peple began t 35 hw electricity wrks a little mre than tw centuries ag. Scientists are discvering mre and mre that the living wrld may have many interesting 36 f electricity that culd d smething gd t ur human life.
All living cells (细胞) send ut weak waves f electricity. As the heart starts t 37 , it sends ut its recrds, which frm an electrcardigram (心电图). The brain, t, sends ut brain waves f electricity. An electrencephalgram helps a dctr t tell hw 38 the brain is wrking. The electric waves are extremely small. They are s small that sensitive machines are needed. But in sme animals, certain muscle (肌肉) cells are s 39 that they d nt wrk as mst muscle cells at all. When large numbers f these cells are linked tgether, the 40 can be very surprising.
（2023·上海·一模）Cmplete the fllwing passage with the wrds r phrases in the bx. Each can nly be used nce（将下列单词或短语填入空格，每词只能填一次。）
Dr. Hassan teaches in a university and she has 41 read abut a prgramme called Paying Students. Many students drp ut（辍学）f university because f financial prblems. Hwever, she desn’t think paying students will encurage them t 42 their studies. She thinks the prgramme desn’t slve the real prblems. The mney wuld be better spent n student services, like hiring（聘用）mre teachers and advisrs. Many students 43 manage their time and this became the reasn why they drp ut. Advisrs can help them learn t manage their time better. Then students will d better and are mre likely t 44 .
（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）Cmplete the fllwing passage with the wrds in the bx. Each can nly be used nce（将下列单词填入空格。每词只能填一次）
Have yu ever dne a science experiment? It can be a lt f fun! Yu can use experiments t learn abut 45 anything. This bk will help yu learn hw t think like a scientist. Scientists have a special way f learning new things. Sme peple call it the Scientific Methd. This is hw it ften wrks: Scientists 46 things. They bserve the wrld arund them. They ask questins abut things they see, hear, taste, tuch, r smell. They cme up with prblems they wuld like t slve. They cllect infrmatin. They use what they already knw t 47 the answers t their questins. This kind f behaviur is called a hypthesis (假设). Then they need t test their ideas.They 48 experiments. They watch and write dwn what happens.
Scientists learn frm each new test. They think abut what they learned and cme up with an answer t their questin. This means they reach a 49 .
Let’s think like scientists t learn mre abut water. D yu use ice cubes t keep yur drinks cld? Yu knw that ice cubes are made f frzen water. When the 50 f the water drps belw zer, it changes int ice. What happens t water that gets very ht? Des it change int smething different? Maybe we can d an experiment t find ut:
Pur 3 inches f water int the pan. Use the ruler t help measure hw deep the water is. Write this number dwn.
Have an adult heat the water ver a stve (火炉). Be 51 nt t burn yurself! Pay attentin. Is the water getting ht? Is it starting t bil? D yu see steam cming ut f the pan?
Let the water bil fr 10 t 15 minutes. Have the adult remve the pan frm the stve.
Let the water cl. Then use the ruler t measure the water 52 again.
Have yu cme up with an answer yet?
（2023·上海长宁·统考二模）Chse the prper wrds r phrases in the bx t cmplete the fllwing passage. Each can be used nly nce.（选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词， 每词只能填一次，每题只有一个正确选项。）
The night sky in Tsim Sha Tsui is ne thusand times brighter than a dark sky, accrding t a study carried ut by The University f Hng Kng. Hng Kng has the 53 light pllutin in the wrld. Since there are n laws abut utdr lighting in Hng Kng, ur city is lit mre brilliantly at night than 54 cities such as Lndn r Sidney. Because f the bright lights, Hng Kng 55 sleep less well, s their health is harmed. Frtunately there are slutins t the prblem f light pllutin.
Firstly, business culd use lights that are less bright. Sme LED lights wuld be less 56 than the nes used nw. In fact, many cities use LED lights fr utdr lighting.
Anther slutin is t 57 laws that cntrl utdr lighting. Hwever, this slutin might be harder because it wuld need the cperatin f gvernment and businesses.
Lastly, individuals can help. We can 58 lights that we are nt using. In additin, we shuld be mre aware f hw ur lighting affects thers. Fr instance, we shuld clse ur curtains as tightly as we can 59 ur hme lights d nt keep ur neighburs awake.
In shrt, there are things that the gvernment, businesses and individuals can d t 60 light pllutin. N ne shuld sleep under bright lights. Therefre, we must try t make ur city less bright at night.
（2023·上海普陀·统考二模）Cmplete the fllwing passages with the wrds in the bx. Each can nly be used nce（将下列单词填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次。）
A “Gap Year” is a perid f time when a student takes a break befre ging t university. It is ften spent traveling r wrking. Zhangying is an 18-year-ld Chinese girl. She went n a gap year in New Zealand instead f ging t cllege 61 . “The scenery there was really amazing, but the trip wasn’t just abut 62 . I have t wrk really hard and it can be really demanding（要求高的）.” she said. She wrked in factries that 63 strawberries, apples and kiwis. She had t wrk hard t earn sme mney t 64 herself n later travels. “Fr the first time, I knew hw it felt t be a factry girl. It was really tiring and nt at all interesting,” she admitted.
Liu Yang wrked as a vlunteer at a lcal charity in Thailand during his gap year. His father wanted him t learn science in cllege because he shwed great 65 , but he wasn’t really interested. He felt 66 and lst, s he decided t learn mre abut himself thrugh gap year. During his stay in Thailand, he tried t 67 in the real wrld and make a difference in smene else’s life. “Smetimes, I asked myself, was it 68 taking that year ff?” Liu said. “But then I fund it was. Success is nt abut making mney r achieving a high psitin, but whether yu can d what yu want.”
（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）Chse the prper wrds in the bx t cmplete the fllwing passage. Each can be used nly nce（选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（每题只有一个正确选项）
The Seven Wnders
Susan was a 12-year-ld girl frm a small village. She finished elementary schl and was accepted t a very gd schl in a city nearby. She was very happy and 69 her new schl life.
Tday was the first day f her new schl and she was waiting fr her schl bus. Once the bus came, she gt n it quickly. She was very excited.
When the bus reached her schl, all the students gt ff and headed fr their classrms. Susan als made it t her classrm after asking fellw students fr 70 . Upn seeing her simple clthing and knwing that she was frm a small village, ther students started making fun f her. The teacher sn arrived and she asked everyne t keep quiet. She 71 Susan t the class and said that she wuld be studying with them frm that day n.
“We will have a surprise test in this class. Get 72 , everybdy!” the teacher said. She tld everyne t write dwn the Seven Wnders f the Wrld. The students started writing the answers quickly. Susan, hlding her pen in her hand, seemed t have n idea what t write n the paper.
Everyne had handed in their answer sheets 73 Susan. The teacher came and asked Susan, “What happened, dear? Dn’t wrry. Just write dwn what yu knw as the ther students have learned abut the wnders just a cuple f days.”
Susan replied, “I was thinking that there were s many things which I culd 74 t write dwn!” A few mments later, she handed in her answer sheet t the teacher. The teacher started reading everyne’s answers. Mst f the students had the 75 answers: the Great Wall f China, Chichén Itzá, Petra, Machu Picchu, Christ the Redeemer, Clsseum and Taj Mahal.
The teacher was happy as the students had remembered what she had taught them. At last, the teacher started reading Susan’s answers.
“The seven wnders are: T Be Able t See, T Be Able t Hear, T Be Able t Feel, T Laugh, T Think, T Be Kind, T Lve!”
The teacher std stunned(惊愕的) and the whle class was silent. Tday, a girl frm a small village had 76 them abut the mst precius gifts that every ne f us had, which are truly wnders.
（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）
When yu think f great explratins, yu might think f uter space. But yu dn’t have t g t Mars t find 77 . Yu can visit exciting places n Earth! Scientists have already wrked deep in the cean r n 78 cld land, like Antarctica(南极洲).
Antarctica is at the Suth Ple. It’s hard fr peple t get t because it’s cvered with ice all year rund. Traveling acrss the ice is dangerus.
Antarctica is the fifth largest cntinent in the wrld. It’s bigger than Australia. But the human ppulatin in Antarctica is 79 . Mst f the peple wh visit it are scientists. Sme study the muntain ranges under the ice. Others study glaciers, which are like rivers f ice. But there are still 80 living things fr scientists t study.
The deep cean is anther exciting place t study. The 81 f the cean is a difficult place t get t. It’s very dark, and f curse yu can’t breathe underwater.
Yu must als 82 yurself frm the cld. S it’s prbably n surprise that we’ve nly seen abut five percent f the cean flr! Scientists find new ppulatins f living things n almst every visit. Antarctica and the deep cean are very interesting places. They are als dangerus and difficult places t g. Yu have t be a persn with great strength f 83 t study them. But these places are 84 explring. Scientists learn new things all the time!
参考答案：
1．C 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．E 6．A 7．D 8．C
【分析】本文改编自《卫报》，介绍了发生在澳大利亚农村的快速而危险的火灾。
1．句意：那是澳大利亚维多利亚州记忆中最热的夏天之一。根据“in the state f Victria, Australia.”可知，这是澳大利亚维多利亚州记忆中最热的夏天之一，in memry 意为“在记忆中”。故选C。
2．句意：丛林大火在人们家附近燃烧，他们处于危险之中。根据“they were in danger.”可知，这里是丛林大火在人们家附近燃烧，be clse t意为“接近”。故选E。
3．句意：大卫·特里就是这些志愿消防员中的一员。根据“In every twn, vlunteers were fighting the fires.”可知，大卫·特里是一名志愿消防员，vlunteer 意为“志愿者”。故选D。
4．句意：他们正沿着萨姆森路行驶，这时树先生看到了一只考拉。根据“up Samsn Rad”可知，这里是他们正沿着萨姆森路行驶，driving up意为“行驶”。故选B。
5．句意：考拉对人很不友好，但这只考拉牵了大卫的手。根据“but this ne tk David’s hand,”可知，考拉对人很不友好，hardly意为“几乎不”。故选E。
6．句意：她又累又渴。根据“She was…tired and thirsty.”可知，这里用rather 修饰tired and thirsty，意为“相当地”。故选A。
7．句意：一位朋友把受伤的动物带到野生动物中心。根据“t a wildlife centre.”可知，这里指受伤的动物，wunded意为“(身体)受伤的”，形容词作定语。故选D。
8．句意：后来，帕迪尤先生把这张照片通过电子邮件发给了朋友，有人把它发给了当地的报纸。根据“smene sent it t the…newspaper.”可知，这里是发给了当地的报纸，lcal意为 “当地的”，形容词作定语。故选C。
9．E 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．B 14．E 15．C 16．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了日本人赏花游玩时应该遵守的一些规则。
9．句意：大多数人想要靠近树木、洗手间和垃圾箱的座位，所以这些地方很快就被占用了。根据“s these areas are taken quickly”及备选词可知，这里指想要靠近树木、洗手间和垃圾箱的座位，seat意为“座位”，a为不定冠词，后跟可数名词单数，故选E。
10．句意：想让自己舒适是可以理解的，但请考虑到其他游客，不要占用不必要的空间。根据“but please take ther visitrs int cnsideratin and dn’t take up mre space than necessary”及备选词可知，这里指让自己舒适，cmfrtable意为“舒服的”，是形容词，作make的宾语补足语，故选A。
11．句意：日本的公共场所很少提供垃圾桶。根据“If they d, there are s many visitrs that the bins can quickly becme full.”及备选词可知，这里指很少提供垃圾桶，rarely意为“很少”，是副词，修饰动词prvide，故选D。
12．句意：把你所有的垃圾扔到合适的地方或带回家。根据“Thrw all yur rubbish away in the prper”及备选词可知，扔到合适的地方，lcatins“地方”符合题意，故选B。
13．句意：句意：为了拍出一张完美的自拍，一些游客可能会爬上树，或者摇动树枝来制造一个花瓣浴。根据“create a petal shwer”及备选词可知，这里指摇动树枝，shake意为“摇晃”，might后跟动词原形，故选B。
14．句意：此外，避免在树干或树枝上悬挂或放置任何重物。根据“hanging r placing any heavy bjects n the tree trunks r branches”及备选词可知，这里指避免悬挂或放置任何重物，avid意为“避免”，祈使句用动词原形开头，故选E。
15．句意：但请记住，你不是唯一渴望在树下玩得开心的人。根据“t have fun under the trees”及备选词可知，此处指渴望在树下玩得开心的人，eager意为“渴望的”，eager t d sth.意为“渴望做某事”，这里是形容词短语作定语，故选C。
16．句意：在户外并不意味着你可以随心所欲地大声喧哗。根据“Please be cnsiderate twards the ther peple wh are enjying themselves in the same park.”及备选词可知，这里指随心所欲地大声喧哗，be free意为“随意的”，故选A。
17．B 18．A 19．D 20．E
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位旅行者因没钱吃饭而在船上不吃不喝的趣事。
17．句意：由于他知道到英国只需要两天时间，他决定不吃东西来轻松度过这段时间。根据上文“An English traveler fund himself in Nrway with nly enugh mney t buy the ticket fr him t g back hme”可知，买完船票之后，旅行者已经没钱了，所以只能不吃不喝。withut作介词，意为“没有”，符合句意，故选B。
18．句意：第二天早上，他仍然没有吃早餐，午餐时间他又待在房间里。根据上文“The man clsed his ears t the sund f the lunch bell”可知，为了省钱，他又一次没去吃午餐并待在自己房间里。again作副词，意为“又一次”，符合句意，故选A。
19．句意：但到了晚饭时间，他饿着肚子走到餐厅，把服务员摆在他面前的所有东西都吃了。根据上文“he went t the dinning rm and ate everything”可知，他饿着肚子走到餐厅，把服务员摆在他面前的所有东西都吃了。in frnt f为介词短语，意为“在……前面”，符合句意，故选D。
20．句意：没有账单。船上的餐费包括在船票费里。根据上文“There isn’t any bill”可知，吃饭不需要付钱，船上的餐费包括在船票费里。are included为被动语态结构，意为“被包含”，符合句意，故选E。
21．B 22．E 23．A 24．C
【分析】本文讲述了美国有一个不同寻常的假期——每年四月的第四个星期四，这个特殊的假期，父母会带着孩子去上班，孩子可以了解父母的工作及自己的世界和成年人的世界之间的差异和相似之处。
21．句意：它与圣诞节、感恩节或其他众所周知的节日大不相同。根据“It is called Take Our Daughters and Sns t Wrk Day.”可知，在这个特殊的假期，父母会带着孩子去上班，故此处表达与其他节日的假期不同，结合备选词汇，选项B“different frm与……不同”符合语境，be different frm“与……不同”。故选B。
22．句意：这个假期既有趣又有教育意义。根据“ als helps them learn abut the differences and similarities between their wrld and the grwn-up wrld.”可知，这个特殊假期帮助孩子们在了解父母的工作的同时还帮助他们了解自己的世界和成年人的世界之间的差异和相似之处。故可知，这个假期具有“教育意义”，结合备选词汇，选项E“educatinal教育的”，符合语境，educatinal为形容词，在此处作be的表语。故选E。
23．句意：虽然这个假期看起来不是很复杂，但它具有有意义的目的性。根据“Fr ne thing, it is hard fr children t understand the als helps them learn abut the differences and similarities between their wrld and the grwn—up wrld...”可知，后文提到带孩子上班是为了让孩子们了解工作的意义，了解自己的世界和成年人的世界之间的差异和相似之处，这些正是这个假期设立的“目的”，结合备选词汇，选项A “purpses目的”符合语境。故选A。
24．句意：当年轻人更多地了解父母的生活时，他们可以形成更牢固的亲子关系。根据“parent-child relatinships”可知，此处表达“形成更牢固的亲子关系”，选项C“frm形成”符合题意。故选C。
25．E 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．D 31．E 32．A
【分析】本文讲述了聊天机器人的功能、分类和利弊。
25．句意：想想看，你可以简单地键入一个问题并立即得到定制的答案，而不是点击公司网站上的链接。根据“yu culd…type a questin and get an immediate custmized answer.”可知，这里是你可以简单地键入一个问题，simply意为“简单地”。故选E。
26．句意：聊天机器人是一种计算机程序，可以通过电话、消息应用程序或网站与人类进行通信。根据“that can cmmunicate with human beings by phne, n messaging apps r n websites.”可知，聊天机器人是一种计算机程序，prgrams意为“程序”。故选D。
27．句意：聊天机器人可以查找信息、回答常见问题和收集用户信息。根据“infrmatin, answer frequently asked questins (FAQs) and cllect infrmatin frm users.”可知，这里指聊天机器人可以查找信息，lk up意为“查找”。故选B。
28．句意：它们可以用来管理网上购物的付款，帮助用户决定他们想买什么以及预约。根据“payments fr nline shpping,”可知，这里是它们可以用来管理网上购物的付款，manage意为“管理”。故选C。
29．句意：封闭式聊天机器人遵循指令，可能涉及也可能不涉及使用人工智能来理解用户的信息。根据“instructins, which may r may nt invlve using AI (artificial intelligence) t understand users’ messages.”可知，这里是封闭式聊天机器人遵循指令，fllws意为“遵循”。故选B。
30．句意：开放式聊天机器人使用人工智能来告诉用户想要什么，并做出回应。根据“tell what users want and t make….”可知，这里是做出回应， respnses意为“响应”。故选D。
31．句意：这意味着，与封闭式聊天机器人相比，开放式聊天机器人可以响应更广泛的信息请求。根据“pen chatbts can respnd t a…range f requests fr infrmatin,”可知，这里指开放式聊天机器人可以响应更广泛的信息请求。wider意为“更广的”。故选E。
32．句意：与他们聊天感觉更自然，但如果他们没有得到正确地训练，用户可能会对他们有不好的体验。根据“users may have a bad experience with them.”可知，这里是如果他们没有得到正确的训练，crrectly意为“正确地”。 故选A。
33．C 34．E 35．A 36．B 37．E 38．C 39．D 40．A
【分析】本文主要讲述了电的重要性及细胞电波的作用。
33．句意：人们对电灯、收音机、电视机和电话是如此习以为常，以至于难以想象没有它们的生活会是什么样子。根据“what life wuld be like withut them.”可知，此处是想象生活会是什么样子，imagine“想象”符合语境，t为不定式符号，后跟原形。故选C。
34．句意：停电时，汽车在街上犹豫，因为没有交通灯指引，食物在无声的冰箱里变质。根据“When there is a pwer failure... and fd turns bad in ... fridges.”可知，食物在无声的冰箱里变质，silent“无声的”符合语境，形容词作定语，修饰名词fridge。故选E。
35．句意：然而，人们在两个多世纪前才开始认识到电是如何工作的。根据“peple began t ... hw electricity wrks”可知，此处表示认识到电是如何工作的，recgnize“认识到”符合语境，began t d sth“开始做某事”，空处用原形。故选A。
36．句意：科学家们越来越多地发现，生物界可能有许多关于电的有趣的秘密，这些秘密可能对我们人类的生活有好处。根据“Scientists are discvering mre and mre that the living wrld may have many interesting ... f electricity”可知，此处是指关于电的秘密，many后跟名词复数，secrets“秘密”符合语境。故选B。
37．句意：当心脏开始跳动时，它会发出记录，形成一种心电图。根据“As the heart starts t”可知，此处是心脏开始跳动，beat“跳动”符合语境，t为不定式符号，后跟动词原形。故选E。
38．句意：脑电图有助于医生判断大脑的工作情况。根据“hw... the brain is wrking”及备选词可知，此处应用副词well“好地”，修饰动词。故选C。
39．句意：但在一些动物中，某些肌肉细胞非常特殊，它们根本不像大多数肌肉细胞那样起作用。根据“certain muscle (肌肉) cells are s ... that they d nt wrk as mst muscle cells at all.”可知，某些肌肉细胞很特殊，空处用形容词special“特殊的”，作表语。故选D。
40．句意：当大量的这些细胞连接在一起时，其效果会非常惊人。根据“When large numbers f these cells are linked tgether”可知，效果会很惊人，the后跟名词，备选词“effects”符合语境。故选A。
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C
【分析】本文主要讲述如何让因经济困难而辍学的学生继续他们的学业。
41．句意：哈桑博士在一所大学任教，她最近读到一个名为“为学生付费”的项目。根据“she abut”可以判断是现在完成时态， 备选词recently“最近”符合语境。故选B。
42．句意：然而，她并不认为付费会鼓励学生继续学业。根据“Many students drp ut（辍学）f university because f financial prblems.”可知，许多学生因为经济问题而辍学，所以讨论他们是否继续学习的问题。故选A。
43．句意：许多学生很少管理他们的时间，这成为他们辍学的原因。根据“and this became the reasn why they drp ut”可知，后面讨论辍学原因，因为许多学生很少管理他们的时间，rarely“很少” 符合语境。故选D。
44．句意：这样学生就会做得更好，更有可能毕业。根据“Then students will d better and are mre likely t...”可知，这样学生就会做得更好，所以更可能毕业。故选C。
45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．E 50．C 51．B 52．A
【分析】本文主要讲述你几乎可以用实验来学习任何东西。以及介绍了用水做的实验。
45．句意：你几乎可以用实验来学习任何东西。根据“Yu can use experiments t learn ”可知，你几乎可以用实验来学习任何东西。almst“几乎”。故选B。
46．句意：科学家注意事物。根据“This is hw it ften wrks:”可知，科学家注意事物。ntice“注意”。故选C。
47．句意：他们利用自己已经知道的知识来猜测问题的答案。根据“They use what they already knw answers t their questins.”可知，这里是他们利用自己已经知道的知识来猜测问题的答案。guess“猜测”。故选D。
48．句意：他们进行实验。根据“They watch and write dwn what happens.”可知，他们进行实验。perfrm“进行”。故选A。
49．句意：这意味着他们得出了结论。根据“This means they reach ”可知，这里是得出了结论。cnclusin“结论”。故选E。
50．句意：当水的温度降至零度以下时它就会变成冰。根据“f the water drps belw zer, it changes int ice.”可知，这里是当水的温度降至零度以下时，它就会变成冰。temperature“温度”。故选C。
51．句意：小心别烫伤自己！根据“Have an adult heat the water ver a stve (火炉).”可知，这里是小心别烫伤自己。Be careful“小心”。故填careful。故选B。
52．句意：然后用尺子再次测量水的刻度。根据“Pur 3 inches f water int the pan. Use the ruler t help measure hw deep the water is. Write this number dwn.”可知，这里是再次测量水的刻度，level“刻度”。故选A。
53．B 54．D 55．A 56．C 57．C 58．B 59．E 60．A
【分析】本文主要讲了香港严重的光污染以及其对应的解决方法。
53．句意：香港的光污染是世界上最严重的。根据“ the wrld”可知此处需要填形容词最高级，修饰light pllutin，结合所给选项可知，应填wrst“最糟糕的”。故选B。
54．句意：由于香港没有关于户外照明的法律，我们的城市在夜间照明比伦敦或悉尼等大城市更明亮。分析句子结构可知此处需填形容词，作定语，修饰cities，再根据“Lndn r Sidney”可知这些是比香港要大的城市，应填larger“较大的”。故选D。
55．句意：由于灯光明亮，香港市民睡眠不足，健康受到损害。分析句子结构可知此处缺少主语应填名词，再根据“s their health is harmed”可知是在说香港市民睡眠不好，应填citizens“市民”。故选A。
56．句意：有些LED灯的强度会比现在使用的灯弱。此处less后应加形容词原级，结合所给单词可知，应填strng“强劲的，强壮的”。故选C。
57．句意：另一个解决方案是通过控制户外照明的法律。分析句子结构可知此处t后需加动词原形，动词不定式作表语，又根据“laws”可知应是通过法律，应填pass“通过”。故选C。
58．句意：我们可以关掉我们不在使用的灯。此处can后需加动词原形，再根据“lights that we are nt using”可知是关掉不在使用的灯，应填turn ff“关闭”。故选B。
59．句意：例如，我们应该尽可能地把窗帘关紧，这样家里的灯就不会让邻居睡不着了。分析句子结构可知此处需填连词，再根据“ur hme lights d nt keep ur neighburs awake.”可知拉紧窗帘的目的是不打扰邻居睡觉，应填s that“为了，以便于”，引导目的状语从句。故选E。
60．句意：简言之，政府、企业和个人都可以做一些事情来减少光污染。分析句子结构可知此处t后需加动词原形，作目的状语，再根据“light pllutin”可知是减少光污染，应填reduce“减少”。故选A。
61．D 62．E 63．A 64．B 65．A 66．C 67．B 68．E
【分析】本文主要讲述了张颖和刘洋两位学生在毕业后没有直接上大学，而是花了一年的时间去旅行，工作，做志愿者。这一空窗期让他们明白了生活，工作及成功的意义。
61．句意：她在新西兰度过了空窗的一年，而不是直接上大学。本句完整，不缺少成分，结合所给单词可知，应填副词directly“直接地”修饰动词“ging t cllege”。故选D。
62．句意：那里的风景真的很美，但这次旅行不仅仅是观光。句中介词abut后应加名词或者动名词，作宾语，又根据“The scenery there was really amazing”可知是在说看风景，应填sightseeing“观光”。故选E。
63．句意：她在加工草莓、苹果和猕猴桃的工厂工作。分析句子结构可知that引导的定语从句缺少谓语动词，又根据“wrked”可知此处应是一般过去时，动词需使用过去式，结合所给单词可知，应填prcessed“加工，处理”。故选A。
64．句意：她不得不努力工作以赚取一些钱来支撑自己以后的旅行。分子句子结构可知此处t后需加动词原形，作目的状语，结合所给单词可知，应填supprt“支持，支撑”。故选B。
65．句意：他的父亲希望他在大学里学习科学，因为他表现出了非凡的天赋。分析句子结构可知此处动词shw“展示”后应加名词，作宾语，又根据“His father wanted him t learn science in cllege because...”可知父亲让他学习科学是因为他有天赋，talent“天赋”。故选A。
66．句意：他感到困惑和失落，所以他决定通过空窗的这一年更多地了解自己。分析句子结构可知此处需一个形容词与lst并列，作表语，且意思与lst“迷失的”相近，应填cnfused“困惑的”。故选C。
67．句意：在泰国期间，他努力在现实世界中生活，并改变别人的生活。此处需要加动词原形，try t d“努力做某事”，又根据“in the real life”可知是在现实生活中生活进步，get alng“应付，进步，进展”。故选B。
68．句意：有时，我问我自己那一年空窗值得吗？分析句子结构可知此处需填形容词或者名词，作表语，固定短语be wrth ding“值得做某事”。故选E。
69．C 70．B 71．E 72．D 73．D 74．E 75．A 76．C
【分析】本文讲述老师在上学的第一天让学生们写下世界七大奇迹，但是苏珊的回答却是“能看、能听、能感觉、能笑、能思考、能善良、能爱”，苏珊让我们知道每个人都拥有的最珍贵的礼物，那是真正的奇迹。
69．句意：她很开心，期待着新的学校生活。此处需要动词作谓语，结合“her new schl life”可知，期待新的学校生活，lked frward t“期待”符合语境。故选C。
70．句意：苏珊也在向同学问路后回到了教室。根据“asking fellw students fr...”可知，问路，directin“方向”符合语境。故选B。
71．句意：她把苏珊介绍给全班同学，并说从那天起她将和他们一起学习。根据“ t the class”可知，把苏珊介绍给全班同学，intrduced“介绍”符合语境。故选E。
72．句意：大家准备好！根据“We will have a surprise test in this class. Get..., everybdy!”可知，要进行一次突击测验，所以让同学们准备好，get ready“做好准备”符合语境。故选D。
73．句意：除了苏珊，每个人都交了答题纸。根据“Everyne had handed in their answer ”可知，除了苏珊，每个人都交了答题纸。except“除了”符合语境，故选D。
74．句意：我在想，有那么多事情我可以选择写下来！根据“there were s many things which I write dwn”可知，有很多东西可以选择写下来，chse“选择”符合语境。故选E。
75．句意：大多数学生的正确答案是：中国长城、奇琴伊察、佩特拉古城、马丘比丘、救世基督像、罗马斗兽场和泰姬陵。根据“Mst f the students had : the Great Wall f China, Chichén Itzá, Petra, Machu Picchu, Christ the Redeemer, Clsseum and Taj Mahal.”可知，大多数学生的答案是正确的，crrect“正确的”符合语境。故选A。
76．句意：今天，一个来自小村庄的女孩提醒他们，我们每个人都拥有最珍贵的礼物，那是真正的奇迹。根据“a girl frm a small village abut the mst precius gifts that every ne f us had”可知，女孩提醒他们我们每个人都拥有最珍贵的礼物，reminded“提醒”符合语境。故选C。
77．B 78．E 79．A 80．C 81．E 82．B 83．D 84．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了南极洲的一些信息。
77．句意：但你不必去火星寻找冒险。根据“But yu dn’t have t g t Mars t find”及备选词可知，不必去火星冒险，adventures“冒险”，故选B。
78．句意：科学家们已经在海洋深处或极冷的陆地上工作过，比如南极洲。根据“wrked deep in the cean r n… cld land”及备选词可知，此处指极冷的陆地，extremely“极度”，故选E。
79．句意：但南极洲的人口很少。根据“It’s bigger than Australia”及but可知，此处转折说明人口很少，tiny“极小的”符合，故选A。
80．句意：但仍有各种各样的生物供科学家研究。此空修饰living things，备选词varius“各种各样的”符合，形容词作定语，故选C。
81．句意：海底是一个很难到达的地方。根据“The…f the cean is a difficult place t get t”及备选词可知，海底是很难到达，bttm“底部”，故选E。
82．句意：你还必须保护自己不受冻。根据“yurself frm the cld”及备选词可知，此处用prtect sb frm sth表示“保护某人免受……”，故选B。
83．句意：你必须是一个意志坚强的人。根据“be a persn with great strength f”及备选词可知，此处指意志坚强的人，will“意志”，故选D。
84．句意：但这些地方值得探索。根据“explring”及备选词可知，此处用be wrth ding sth表示“值得做某事”，故选A。
A．nearby B．driving C． memry D．vlunteer E. clse
A．rather B．lking C． lcal D．wunded E. hardly
A．cmfrtable B．lcatins C． heavily D．rarely E. seat
A．free B．shake C． eager D．alne E. avid
A．again B．withut C． cpied D．in frnt f E. included
A．purpses B．different frm C．frm D．gd fr E.educatinal
A．exactly B．lk up C． manage D．prgrams E. simply
A．crrectly B．fllws C． mainly D．respnses E. wider
A．recgnize B．secrets C． imagine D．crazy E. silent
A．effects B．unfrtunately C． well D．special E. beat
A．cntinue B．recently C． graduate D．rarely E. recgnize
A．perfrm B．almst C． ntice D．guess E. especially
A．level B．careful C． temperature D．awake E. cnclusin
A．citizens B．wrst C． strng D．larger E. relatives
A．reduce B．turn ff C． pass D．thugh E. s that
A．prcessed B．supprt C． likely D．directly E. sightseeing
A．talent B．get alng C． cnfused D．turn ver E. wrth
A．busy B．directin C．lked frward t D．ready E.intrduced
A．crrect B．expect C．reminded D．except E.chse
A．tiny B．adventures C． varius D．experiences E. extremely
A．wrth B．prtect C． prevent D．will E. bttm