高考英语 考点知识专讲专练（有答案）考点44 阅读理解记叙文

这是一份高考英语 考点知识专讲专练（有答案）考点44 阅读理解记叙文，共36页。试卷主要包含了命题方式，主旨阅读理解题考查的内容，记叙文答题技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。

记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是 ＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。
二、命题方式
考向一 细节事实理解
一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。
细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。
此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问：
1.Which f the fllwing statements is(nt) true/crrect?
2.Which f the fllwing is nt mentined?
3.All f the fllwing are true except...
4.Accrding t the passage, when/where/why/hw/hw/what/which,etc...？
1.直接事实题
在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。
A giant dam was built many years ag t cntrl the Clrad River in the U.S. This dam was built t prtect the land and huses arund the river.
This huge dam is in the Black Canyn. It is pssible t drive a car frm ne side f the river t the ther n a rad, which is n the tp f the dam. This dam is s big that there is an elevatr inside. The elevatr ges dwn frty-fur stries frm the rad t the bttm. There is enugh cncrete in this dam t build a highway frm New Yrk t San Francisc. Thusands f peple wrked n this dam fr five years.
This huge dam was called Bulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hver Dam in hnr f a president f the United States. Hver Dam, ne f the highest dams in the wrld, is situated between the states f Arizna and Nevada.
Q：Hver Dam lies______ .
A. between Arizna and Nevada
B. in the Black Canyn
C. between New Yrk and San Francisc
D. bth A and B
【解析】由第二段的第一句话和最后一段的最后一句话可得出正确答案是D项。
【答案】D
2.间接事实题
解答此类题，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。
Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian, hst f the well-received TV prgramme ＂Stars Tnight＂，Miss Lu Lin, Miss Asia f 1991, appeared as the guest hstess n the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.
Brn in Shanghai and taken t Hngkng when she was nly six years ld, Lu Lin has never dreamed f being Miss Asia. Her childhd dream was t be an air hstess. Befre she tk part in the cmpetitin, she had been an airhstess in Cathay Airline fr seven years. Hwever, it still tk her three mnths t learn the art f walking n the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and ther prper manners, designed by the Asia TV Statin.
＂It’s really a hard jb fr me. I wn’t enter fr such cmpetitin any mre. Anyhw, I am quite lucky. I am als glad t have had mre chance t wrk fr the scial welfare since I wn the title. This time, in Shanghai, I’d lve t make a deep impressin n my TV audience，＂said Lu Lin with a sweet smile.
Q：Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A. Lu Lin is a native f Shanghai.
B. Lu Lin mved t Hngkng with her parents.
C. Lu Lin wn the title f Miss Asia in 1991.
D. Asia TV Statin helped Lu Lin t becme Miss Asia.
【解析】A、C和D项都可在原文找到答案，而B项原文所给的是：taken t Hngkng可判断不是mved t Hngkng with her parents，因此选B。
【答案】
3. 数据推算。
If yu register bth the VIEW qualificatin curse and the Frum at the same time, yu will save_______ .
A. $100 B.$300 C.$350 D.$400
这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：
1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。
2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。
3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。
考向二 主题理解或写作意图推断
一、主旨阅读理解题考查的内容
1.短文的标题（title,headline）；
2.短文或段落的主题（subject）；
3.中心思想(main idea)；
4.作者的写作目的(purpse)。
二、此类题的设问方式
1.What wuld be the best title fr the text?
2.What des the secnd paragraph mainly discuss?
3.What is the passage mainly abut?
4.The main purpse f annuncing the abve events is__________.
考向三 推理推断
推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。
此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, cnclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：
1.We can infer frm the Passage that__________.
2.What can be inferred frm the Passage?
3.Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the Passage?
4.It can be inferred frm Paragraph 3 that__________.
5.The authr suggests in this paragraph that__________.
6.The writer implies that__________.
7.It can be inferred that__________.
8.It can be cncluded frm the Passage that__________.
9.On the whle, we can cnclude that__________.
10.Frm the text we can cnclude that__________.
11.After reading the Passage we may cnclude that__________.
12.What cnclusin can be drawn frm the Passage?
13.The authr is inclined t think that__________.
14.When the writer talks abut, what he really means is that__________.
15.What’s the writer’s attitude/feeling 
16.In the writer’s pinin,...
考向四 词义、句义猜测。
词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。
此类题的设问方式主要有
1.The wrd ＂...＂in be replaced by...
2.As used in the passage, the phrase ＂...＂suggests...
3.Frm the passage, we can infer that the wrd/phrase ＂...＂ is/referred t...
4.The wrd ＂...＂ is clsest in meaning t...
猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会＂顺藤摸瓜＂，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。
1.定义法。如：
Annealing is a way f making metal sfter by heating it and then letting it cl very slwly.
句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即 ＂退火＂。
It will be very hard but als very brittle—that is,it will break easily.
从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle是＂脆＂的意思。
The herdsman, wh lks after sheep, earns abut 650 yuan a year.
定语从句中 lks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为＂牧人＂。
2.同位法。如：
They traveled a lng way and at last gt t a castle,a large building in ld times.
同位语部分a large building in ld times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即＂城堡＂。
We are n the night shift—frm midnight t 8 A. m.—this week.
两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是＂夜班＂的意思。
3.对比法。如：
She is usually prmpt fr all her class,but tday she arrived in the middle f her first class.
but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是＂她今天第一节上了一半才来＂，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向＂准时＂的结论。
4.构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)。如：
Perhaps, we can see sme pssibilities fr next fifty years.But the next hundred?
pssibility 是 pssible的同根名词，据此可以判断定pssibility 意思是＂可能性＂。
5.因果法。如：
The lack f mvement caused the muscles t weaken. Smetimes the weakness was permanent. S the player culd never play the sprt again.
从后面的结果＂永远不能再运动＂中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为＂永远的，永久＂。
【解题技巧】
高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。
要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。
一、记叙文写作特点
记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。
就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。
二、记叙文命题特点
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
三、记叙文答题技巧
一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
N.1 顺藤摸瓜
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
N.2 左顾右盼
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
N.3 刨根问底
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂What can be inferred frm …?＂或是What des the authr imply in…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
N.4 拨云见日
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。
题组一（2018年高考真题）
Passage1(2019·全国新课标卷I，B)
Fr Canaan Elementary’s secnd grade in Patchgue, N.Y.，tday is speech day ,and right nw it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-ld is the jker f the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the f kid wh wuld enjy public speaking.
But he’s, nervus.“I’m here t tell yu tday why yu shuld … shuld…”Chris trips n the“-ld,”a. prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thmas Whaley ,is next t him, whispering supprt.“…Vte fr …me …”Except fr sme stumbles, Chris is ding amazingly well. When he brings his speech t a nice cnclusin ,Whaley invites the rest f the class t praise him.
A sn f immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little ver three years ag. Whaley recalls(回想起)hw at the beginning f the year，when called upn t read，Chris wuld excuse himself t g t the bathrm.
Learning English as a secnd language can be a painful experience. What yu need is a great teacher wh lets yu make mistakes. “It takes a lt fr any student，” Whaley explains，“especially fr a student wh is learning English as their new language，t feel cnfident enugh t say，‘I dn’t knw，but I want t knw.’”
Whaley gt the idea f this secnd-grade presidential campaign prject when he asked the children ne day t raise their hands if they thught they culd never be a president. The answer brke his heart. Whaley says the prject is abut mre than just learning t read and speak in public. He wants these kids t learn t bast(夸耀)abut themselves.
“Basting abut yurself，and yur best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult fr a child wh came int the classrm nt feeling cnfident.”
24. What made Chris nervus？
A. Telling a stry.B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test.D. Answering a questin.
25. What des the underlined wrd “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Imprper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jkes.
26. We can infer that the purpse f Whaley’s prject is t _________.
A. help students see their wn strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students fr their future jbs
D. inspire students’ lve fr plitics
27. Which f the fllwing best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humrus.B. Ambitius.C. Caring.D. Demanding.
Passage2(2019·全国新课标卷II，B)
“Yu can use me as a last resrt(选择), and if nbdy else vlunteers，then I will d it.” This was an actual reply frm a parent after I put ut a request fr vlunteers fr my kids lacrsse(长曲棍球)club.
I guess that there's prbably sme demanding wrk schedule, r scial anxiety arund stepping up t help fr an unknwn sprt. She may just need a little persuading. S I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren’t even n … At this pint the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll d it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I knw there’s real pwer in sharing vlunteer respnsibilities amng many. The unwilling parent rganizes the meal schedule, sends ut emails, and cllects mney fr end-f-seasn gifts. Smewhere alng the way, the same parent ends up becming an invaluable member f the team. The cach is able t fcus n the kids while the ther parents are relieved t be ff the hk fr anther seasn. Handing ut sliced ranges t bldthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching yur wn kid scre a gal.
Still, mst f us vlunteers breathe a sigh f relief when the seasn cmes t a clse. That relief is cupled with a deep understanding f why the same peple keep cming back fr mre: Cnnecting t the cmmunity(社区)as yu freely give yur time, mney, skills, r services prvides a real jy. Vlunteering just feels s gd.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure vlunteering is mre f a selfish act than I’d freely like t admit. Hwever, if thers benefit in the prcess, and I get sme reward t, des it really matter where my mtivatin lies?
24. What can we infer abut the parent frm her reply in paragraph l？
A. She knws little abut the club.
B. She isn't gd at sprts.
C. She just desn't want t vlunteer.
D. She's unable t meet her schedule.
25. What des the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in paragraph 2 mean ?
A. Encurage team wrk.
B. Appeal t feeling.
C. Prmte gd deeds.
D. Prvide advice.
26. What can we learn abut the parent frm paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrsse.
B. She is prud f her kids.
C. She’ll wrk fr anther seasn.
D. She becmes a gd helper.
27. Why des the authr like ding vlunteer wrk?
A. It gives her a sense f duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her t wrk hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
Passage3(2019·北京卷II，B)
Alice Mre is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), wh in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her cmpany was wrth millins f dllars with the inventin f a super-sweet treat that culd save kids' teeth，instead f destrying them.
It all began when Mre visited a bank with her dad. On the uting, she was ffered a candy bar. Hwever, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad fr her teeth. But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's gd fr my teeth s that my parents can't say n t it?" With that in mind, Mre asked her dad if she culd start her wn candy cmpany. He recmmended that she d sme research and talk t dentists abut what a healthier candy wuld cntain.
With her dad's permissin, she spent the next tw years researching nline and cnducting trials t get a recipe that was bth tasty and tth-friendly. She als apprached dentists t learn mre abut teeth cleaning. Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
Mre then used her savings t get her business f the grund. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket wner, wh finally agreed t sell Mre's prduct-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grws, s des Mre's credibility as a yung entrepreneur. Mre is enthusiastic abut the candy she created, and she's als psitive abut what the future might bring. She hpes that every kid can have a clean muth and a brad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Mre is generally able t live a nrmal teenage life. Althugh she funded her cmpany early n in life, she wasn't driven primarily by prfit. Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles. She dnates 10% f AilicCandy's prfits t Big Smiles. With her talent and determinatin, it appears that the sky culd be the limit fr Alice Mre.
34. Hw did Mre react t her dad's warning?
A. She argued with him.B. She tried t find a way ut.
C. She paid n attentin.D. She chse t cnsult dentists.
35. What is special abut CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial t dental health.B. It is free f sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than ther candies.D. It is prduced t a dentists' recipe.
36. What des Mre expect frm her business?
A. T earn mre mney.B. T help thers find smiles.
C. T make herself stand ut.D. T beat ther candy cmpanies.
37. What can we learn frm Alice Mre's stry?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. A yuth is t be regarded with respect.
C. Psitive thinking and actin result in success.
D. Success means getting persnal desires satisfied
Passage4(2019·浙江卷，A)
Zachariah Fike has an unusual hbby. He finds ld military(军队的)medals fr sale in antique stres and n the Internet.But unlike mst cllectrs, Zac tracks dwn the medals’ rightful wners, and returns them.
His effrt t reunite families with lst medals began with a Christmas gift frm his mther, a Purple Heart with the name Crrad A. G. Piccli, fund in an antique shp. Zac knws the meaning f a Purple Heart-he earned ne himself in a war as a sldier. S when his mther gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had t d.
Thrugh the Internet, Zac tracked dwn Crrad’s sister Adeline Rckk. But when he finally reached her, the wman flded him with questins: "Wh are yu？What antique shp？" Hwever, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. S she called Zac back and aplgized. Sn she drve t meet Zac in Watertwn, N.Y. "At that pint, I knew she meant business, " Zac says. "T drive eight hurs t cme t see me."
The Picclis grew up the children f Italian immigrants in Watertwn. Crrad, a translatr fr the Army during WWII, was killed in actin in Eurpe.
Befre hearing frm Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the ne Zac’s mther had fund was a family treasure." This medal was very precius t my parents. Only n special ccasins(场合)wuld they take it ut and let us hld it in ur hands," Adeline says.
As a child, Adeline culdn't understand why the medal was s significant. “But as I grew lder,” Adeline says, "and missed my brther mre and mre, I realized that was the nly thing we had left." Crrad Piccli’s Purple Heart medal nw hangs at the Italian American Civic Assciatin in Watertwn.
Zac recently returned anther lst medal t a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Crrad’s medal, Zac says his recrd is nw 5 fr 5.
21. Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal fr himself？
A. In the army.
B. In an antique shp.
C. Frm his mther.
D. Frm Adeline Rckk.
22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drve t meet him？
A. She was very implite.
B. She was serius abut the medal.
C. She suspected his hnesty.
D. She came frm a wealthy family.
23. What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?
A. Her parents’ advice.
B. Her knwledge f antiques.
C. Her childhd dream.
D. Her memry f her brther.
题组二（2018年高考真题）
Passage1(2018·全国新课标卷III，C)
While famus freign architects are invited t lead the designs f landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV twer and the Natinal Center fr the Perfrming Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great effrts t take the center stage.
Their effrts have been prven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-ld Chinese architect, wn the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is ften referred t as the Nbel Prize in architecture — n February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen t win this award.
Wang serves as head f the Architecture Department at the China Academy f Art (CAA). His ffice is lcated at the Xiangshan campus(校园) f the university in Hangzhu, Zhejiang Prvince. Many buildings n the campus are his riginal creatins.
The style f the campus is quite different frm that f mst Chinese universities. Many visitrs were amazed by the cmplex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) f the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall f hills, frming a unique view.
Wang cllected mre than 7 millin abandned bricks f different ages. He asked the wrkers t use traditinal techniques t make the bricks int walls, rfs and crridrs. This creatin attracted a lt f attentin thanks t its mixture f mdern and traditinal Chinese elements(元素).
Wang’s wrks shw a deep understanding f mdern architecture and a gd knwledge f traditins. Thrugh such a balance, he had created a new type f Chinese architecture, said Tada And, the winner f the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes traditins shuld nt be sealed in glass bxes at museums. "That is nly evidence that traditins nce existed," he said.
"Many Chinese peple have a misunderstanding f traditins. They think traditin means ld things frm the past. In fact, traditin als refers t the things that have been develping and that are still being created, " he said.
"Tday, many Chinese peple are learning Western styles and theries rather than fcusing n Chinese traditins. Many peple tend t talk abut traditins withut knwing what they really are, " said Wang.
The study f traditins shuld be cmbined with practice. Otherwise, the recreatin f traditins wuld be artificial and empty, he said.
28. Wang’s winning f the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.
A. fllwing the latest wrld trend
B. getting internatinal recgnitin
C. wrking harder than ever befre
D. relying n freign architects
29. What impressed visitrs t the CAA Xiangshan campus mst?
A. Its hilly envirnment. B. Its large size.
C. Its unique style.D. Its diverse functins.
30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?
A. The mixture f different shapes.
B. The balance f East and West.
C. The use f ppular techniques.
D. The harmny f ld and new.
31. What shuld we d abut Chinese traditins accrding t Wang?
A. Spread them t the wrld.B. Preserve them at museums.
C. Teach them in universities.D. Recreate them in practice.
Passage2(2018·北京卷，A)
My First Marathn（马拉松）
A mnth befre my first marathn, ne f my ankles was injured and this meant nt running fr tw weeks, leaving me nly tw weeks t train. Yet, I was determined t g ahead.
I remember back t my 7th year in schl. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us t run laps and then hit a sftball. I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂nt athletic＂ stuck with me fr years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, nt abut cmpetitin r whether r nt I was athletic. It was all abut the battle against my wn bdy and mind. A test f wills!
The night befre my marathn, I dreamt that I culdn’t even find the finish line. I wke up sweating and nervus, but ready t prve smething t myself.
Shrtly after crssing the start line, my she laces(鞋带) became untied. S I stpped t readjust. Nt the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became ut f breath and the nce injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the curse walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I apprached mile 23, I culd see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clck sunding at 4 a.m. r questined my expenses n running.
I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had.
Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗标签), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂.
36. A mnth befre the marathn, the authr ____________.
A. was well trainedB. felt scared
C. made up his mind t runD. lst hpe
37. Why did the authr mentin the P.E. class in his 7th year?
A. T acknwledge the supprt f his teacher.
B. T amuse the readers with a funny stry.
C. T shw he was nt talented in sprts.
D. T share a precius memry.
38. Hw was the authr’s first marathn?
A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.
C. He gt the first prize.D. He walked t the end.
39. What des the stry mainly tell us?
A. A man wes his success t his family supprt.
B. A winner is ne with a great effrt f will.
C. Failure is the mther f success.
D. One is never t ld t learn.
Passage3(2018·天津卷，B)
When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay. She had requested the cmmunity t turn it int a museum upn her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drve ver t the museum. She asked, "D yu have the address? ""N, but I’ll recgnize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "
"Oh, stp. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A grup f peple sitting in the hall stpped talking and stared at us.
"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We’re fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves. What if they talked a lng time abut a painting yu weren’t that interested in? Sally had gne upstairs. The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? I saw sme nice sculptures in ne rm. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where d yu think yu are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Srry, the McNay is n New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?” I asked, still cnfused. "Well, it’s ur hme." My heart jlted(震颤). I raced t the staircase and called ut, "Sally! Cme dwn immediately! "
"There’s sme really gd stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped dwn, lking cnfused. I pushed her tward the frnt dr, waving at the family, saying, "Srry, please frgive us, yu have a really nice place." Outside, when I tld Sally what happened, she cvered her muth, laughing. She culdn’t believe hw lng they let us lk arund withut saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervus the whle time we were there. Van Ggh, Picass. This time, we stayed tgether, in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did yu ever enter a residence, lng ag, thinking it was the McNay Museum? "
"Yes. But hw d yu knw? We never tld anyne. "
"That was my hme. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky befre. Yu thught it was a museum. My feelings abut my hme changed after that. I’ve always wanted t thank yu."
41. What d we knw abut Marian McNay?
A. She was a painter.
B. She was a cmmunity leader.
C. She was a museum directr.
D. She was a jurnalist.
42. Why did the authr refuse the help frm the man in the huse?
A. She disliked peple wh were nsy.
B. She felt nervus when talking t strangers.
C. She knew mre abut art than the man.
D. She mistk him fr a tur guide.
43. Hw did the authr feel abut being stared at by the peple in the hall?
A. Puzzled.B. Cncerned.C. Frightened.D. Delighted.
44. Why did the authr describe the real McNay museum in just a few wrds?
A. The real museum lacked enugh artwrk t interest her.
B. She was t upset t spend much time at the real museum.
C. The McNay was disappinting cmpared with the huse.
D. The event happening in the huse was mre significant.
45. What culd we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Peple shuld have gd taste t enjy life.
B. Peple shuld spend mre time with their family.
C. Peple tend t be blind t the beauty arund them.
D. Peple tend t educate teenagers at a museum.
Passage4(2018·浙江卷，A)
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was brn, there were 66 nvels published in Britain. Peple had been writing nvels fr a century—mst experts date the first nvel t Rbinsn Cruse in 1719—but nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs, ften with smething like “By a lady.”Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral r just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the wrld murned him as its first prfessinal writer and publisher, famus and belved, wh had led an explsin in bth the publicatin f nvels and their readership and whse characters — frm Oliver Twist t Tiny Tim— were held up as mral tuchstnes. Tday Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Remving him frm the panthen（名人堂） f English literature wuld make abut as much sense as the Luvre selling ff the Mna Lisa.
Hw did Dickens get t the tp? Fr all the feelings readers attach t stries, literature is a numbers game, and the test f time is extremely difficult t pass. Sme 60,000 nvels were published during the Victrian age, frm 1837 t1901; tday a casual reader might be able t name a half-dzen f them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style f writing attracted audiences frm all walks f life. It’s partly that his writings rde a wave f scial, plitical and scientific prgress. But it’s als that he rewrte the culture f literature and put himself at the center. N ne will ever knw what mix f talent, ambitin, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.
21. Which f the fllwing best describes British nvels in the 18th century?
A. They were difficult t understand.
B. They were ppular amng the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly wrthless.
D. They were written mstly by wmen.
22. Dickens is cmpared with the Mna Lisa in the text t stress________.
A. his reputatin in France
B. his interest in mdern art
C. his success in publicatin
D. his imprtance in literature
23. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T remember a great writer.
B. T intrduce an English nvel.
C. T encurage studies n culture.
D. T prmte values f the Victrian age.
题组三（2017年高考真题）
Passage1(2017·全国新课标卷I，C)
I wrk with Vlunteers fr Wildlife, a rescue and educatin rganizatin at Bailey Arbretum in Lcust Valley. Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.
I gt a rescue call frm a wman in Muttntwn. She had fund a yung wl(猫头鹰) n the grund. When I arrived, I saw a 2-t 3-week-ld wl. It had already been placed in a carrier fr safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I culd lcate the nest, I might have been able t put it back, but n luck. My next wrk was t cnstruct a nest and anchr it in a tree.
The hmewner was very helpful. A wire basket was fund. I put sme pine branches int the basket t make this nest safe and cmfrtable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn.
Nw all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the hmewner a recrding f the hunger screams f wl chicks. These advertise the presence f chicks t adults; they might als encurage ur chick t start calling as well. I gave the wner as much infrmatin as pssible and headed hme t see what news the night might bring.
A nervus night t be sure, but smetimes the spirits f nature smile n us all! The hmewner called t say that the parents had respnded t the recrdings. I drve ver and saw the chick in the nest lking healthy and active. And it was accmpanied in the nest by the greatest sight f all — LUNCH! The parents had dne their duty and wuld prbably cntinue t d s.
24. What is unavidable in the authr’s rescue wrk accrding t paragraph 1?
A. Effrts made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his wrk.
C. Feeling uncertain abut his future.
D. Creatures frced ut f their hmes.
25. Why was the authr called t Muttntwn?
A. T rescue a wman.
B. T take care f a wman.
C. T lk at a baby wl.
D. T cure a yung wl.
26.What made the chick calm dwn?
A. A new nest.B. Sme fd.
C. A recrding.D. Its parents.
27.Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
A. It’s unexpected.B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humrus.D. It’s discuraging.
Passage2(2017·全国新课标卷II，B)
I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when Gerge Ry Hill, the directr f Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, intrduced us in New Yrk City. When the studi didn’t want me fr the film — it wanted smebdy as well knwn as Paul — he std up fr me. I dn’t knw hw many peple wuld have dne that; they wuld have listened t their agents r the studi pwers.
The friendship that grew ut f the experience f making that film and The Sting fur years later had its rt in the fact that althugh there was an age difference, we bth came frm a traditin f theater and live TV. We were respectful f craft（技艺）and fcused n digging int the characters we were ging t play. Bth f us had the qualities and virtues that are typical f American actrs: humrus, aggressive, and making fun f each ther— but always with an underlying affectin. Thse were als at the cre（核心）f ur relatinship ff the screen.
We shared the brief that if yu’re frtunate enugh t have success, yu shuld put smething back— he with his Newman’s Own fd and his Hle in the Wall camps fr kids wh are seriusly ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each ther all that regularly, but sharing that brught us tgether. We supprted each ther financially and by shwing up at events.
I last saw him a few mnths ag. He’d been in and ut f the hspital. He and I bth knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk abut it. Ours was a relatinship that didn’t need a lt f wrds.
24.Why was the studi unwilling t give the rle t authr at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studi pwers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famus enugh.
D. The directr recmmended smene else.
25.Why did Paul and the authr have a lasting friendship?
A. They were f the same age.
B. They wrked in the same theater.
C. They were bth gd actrs.
D. They have similar characteristics.
26.What des the underlined wrd ＂that＂ in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care fr children.
C. Their success.
D. Their supprt fr each ther.
27.What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T shw his lve f films.
B. T remember a friend.
C. T intrduce a new mvie.
D. T share his acting experience.
Passage3(2017·全国新课标卷III，B)
Minutes after the last mvie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, emplyees were busy sweeping up ppcrns and gathering cke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year histry. This time, hwever, the cleanup was a little different. As ne grup f wrkers carried ut the rubbish, anther grup began remving seats and ther theater equipment in preparatin fr the building’s end.
The film classic The Last Picture Shw was the last mvie shwn in the ld theater. Thugh the mvie is 30 years ld, mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building. Theater wner Ed Bradfrd said he chse the mvie because it seemed apprpriate. The mvie is set in a small twn where the nly mvie theater is preparing t clse dwn.
Bradfrd said that large mdern theaters in the city made it impssible fr the Plaza t cmpete. He added that the theater’s lcatin(位置) was als a reasn. ＂This used t be the center f twn,＂ he said. ＂Nw the area is mstly ffice buildings and warehuses.＂
Last week sme city fficials suggested the city might be interested in turning the ld theater int a museum and public meeting place. Hwever, these plans were abandned because f financial prblems. Bradfrd sld the building and land t a lcal develpment firm, which plans t build a shpping cmplex n the land where the theater is lcated.
The theater audience said gd-bye as Bradfrd lcked the drs fr the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shwn its last mvie. The theater will be missed.
24. In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?
A. It made rm fr new equipment.
B. It signaled the clsedwn f the theater.
C. It was dne with the help f the audience.
D. It marked the 75th anniversary f the theater.
25. Why was The Last Picture Shw put n?
A. It was an all-time classic.
B. It was abut the histry f the twn.
C. The audience requested it.
D. The theater wner fund it suitable.
26. What will prbably happen t the building?
A. It will be repaired.
B. It will be turned int a museum.
C. It will be kncked dwn.
D. It will be sld t the city gvernment.
27. What can we infer abut the audience?
A. They are disappinted with Bradfrd.
B. They are sad t part with the ld theater.
C. They are supprtive f the city fficials.
D. They are eager t have a shpping center.
Passage4(2017·北京卷，B)
It was a cld March day in High Pint, Nrth Carlina. The girls n the Wesleyan Academy sftball were waiting fr their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet t stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylr Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The tw didn’t knw each ther well — Taylr had just mved t twn a mnth r s befre.
Suddenly, Paris fell t the grund,＂Paris’s eyes rlled back,＂ Taylr says. ＂She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.＂
It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Withut immediate medical care, Paris wuld die. At first, n ne mved. The girls were in shck. Then the sftball cach shuted ut, ＂Des anyne knw CPR?＂
CPR is a life-saving technique. T d CPR, yu press n the sick persn’s chest s that bld mves thrugh the bdy and takes xygen t rgans. Withut xygen the brain is damaging quickly.
Amazingly, Taylr had just taken a CPR curse the day befre. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enugh. But when n ne else came frward, Taylr ran t Paris and began ding CPR. ＂It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,＂ says Taylr.
Taylr’s swift actin helped her teammates calm dwn. One girl called 911. Tw mre ran t get the schl nurse, wh brught a defibrillatr, an electrnic devices(器械) that can shck the heart back int wrk. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned.
＂I knw I was really lucky,＂ Paris says nw. ＂Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂
Experts say Paris is right: Fr a sudden heart failure, the single best chance fr survival is having smene nearby step in and d CPR quickly.
Tday, Paris is back n the sftball team. Taylr will apply t cllege sn. She wants t be a nurse. ＂I feel mre cnfident in my actins nw,＂ Taylr says. ＂I knw I can act under pressure in a scary situatin.＂
56.What happened t Paris n a March day?
A. She caught a bad cld.
B. She had a sudden heart prblem.
C. She was kncked dwn by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice.
57.Why des Paris say she was lucky?
A. She made a wrthy friend.
B. She recvered frm shck.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back n the sftball team.
58.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Taylr?
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Curageus and calm.
C. Cperative and generus.
D. Ambitius and prfessinal.
题组四（名校模拟题）
Passage 1(上海市长宁区2019届高三二模 )
The bus screamed t a stp in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers barded and struck up a cnversatin with me. They asked typical travelers’ questins—where was I ging and why was I traveling alne? My plan was t travel with a friend f a friend, I explained, but when I called her that mrning, she didn’t pick up and I had n ther way t reach her. My stmach was in knts, but I decided t head ut anyway, thinking I might run int her if I traveled t Tiberius, where we had planned t g tgether.
“Why dn’t yu travel with us?” ne f the backpackers ffered. They were experienced adventurers wh wuld wrk fr a few mnths, save, then travel fr as lng as they culd. Their current plan was t explre the Middle East and Eurpe in three mnths while wrking in Lndn.
It seemed risky t travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. Fr the next tw weeks, I explred Israel with the backpackers and learned t trust my instincts in all types f new and interesting situatins. When they hk a ride, I tk the bus, but when they wanted t steal int the King David Htel’s swimming pl, I led the way. The wrld pened up t me because I chse t travel alne. I jined cmplete strangers, wh becme clse friends. Years later, ne cuple frm the backpacking grup even flew frm Sydney t Phenix t be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me cnfidence in all areas f my life. Since then, I’ve backpacked alne acrss Suth Africa, sky-dived frm 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even mved acrss the U.S. with n jb lined up.
On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped int the wman I was suppsed t meet. Thugh I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phne.
1. By “My stmach was in knts” (in paragraph 1), the authr mst likely means that she was ______.
A. sick f riding n a bumpy busB. nervus f meeting strangers
C. upset abut the sudden changeD. srry abut the impractical plan
2. Which f the fllwing best describes the backpackers the authr met?
A. Curageus but disrespectful.B. Jbless and prly educated.
C. Warmhearted and trustwrthy.D. Hmeless but lighthearted.
3. The authr’s sixth sense tld her that ______.
A. she wuld get alng with the backpackersB. it might cause truble t have a swim
C. she ught t stay away frm the backpackersD. it culd add excitement t get a free ride
4. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Mst f the backpackers became the authr’s lifelng friends.
B. The authr gathered the curage t be a fulltime backpack traveler.
C. The wman missed the phne call with the purpse f traveling alne.
D. The authr cnsidered it the best decisin f her life t travel n her wn.
Passage 2(湖南省三湘名校教育联盟2019届高三大联考)
Pstmen are all t used t keeping an eye ut fr the threat f dgs. But in a seaside twn in Nrth Wales，they have been frced t take cver frm an unexpected threat seagulls. They have cmplained that the birds have becme s terrifying that deliveries t sme streets have been suspended. Yesterday residents f Abergele agreed the seagulls were fearless but said they were angry at lsing their daily pst.
Rberts, wh wrks as a safety adviser，lives where the attacks have taken place. “Last week，we nticed we hadn’t gt any mail fr what we thught was a week，but it’s hard t tell because yu dn’t always knw if yu’re due any mail，”she said. “We put smething n Facebk asking if anyne else had nt had their pst. . . One f my Facebk friends said a pstman had refused t deliver because f the seagulls. ”
Ryal Mail said that deliveries had been interrupted because f the pstman experiencing attacks by seagulls as he delivered mail n his rund there ver the past few weeks? adding that the pstman gt peple’s mail thrugh whenever it was safe.
“We knw that these kinds f attacks d happen at this time f year acrss the cuntry as they are nesting，’’she said. Ryal Mail aplgized t the custmers affected and prmised t cntinue t mnitr the situatin every day，but in the meantime sme are having t travel t neighburing Rhyl t cllect mail frm the delivery ffice there. But he recmmends preventing gulls nesting n rfs in advance by putting up nets, and if all else fails, walking with an umbrella up during wrst-affected areas.
1.What des the underlined wrd “suspended” mst prbably mean?
A. Increased. B. Paused.
C. Printed. D. Decreased.
2.The residents f Abergele are nt happy because .
A. the seagulls are s terrifying
B. the dgs are s threatening
C. they dn't receive their pst n time
D. the seagulls are stealing their pst
3.Why did Debbie Rberts put smething n Facebk?
A. T knw if anyne else had the same experience.
B. T ffer advice t deal with the seagulls.
C. T avid being attacked by seagulls.
D. T answer questins abut safety,
4.What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. Seagulls like t steal residents’ pst.
B. Pstmen’s safety is threatened by seagulls.
C. Residents f Abergele are afraid f seagulls.
D. Daily pst is delayed because f seagulls’ attack.
Passage 3(黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学2019届高三调研考试)
This is my sn Matthew's last night at hme befre cllege. I knw that this is gd news. I feel prud that Matthew will g t a great schl. I knw that this is finest hur. But lking at the suitcases n his bed sends me ut f the rm t a hidden crner where I can't stp crying.
Thrugh the srrw, I feel a rising embarrassment. ”Pull yurself tgether!” I tell myself. There are parents sending their kids ff t battle znes. Hw dare I feel s shcked and upset?
One f the great gifts f my life has been having my bys, Matthew and Jhnwen. Thrugh them, I have explred the mysterius, cmplicated bnd between fathers and sns. As My wife and I raised them, I have discvered the lve and lss between my father and me. After my parents' divrce，I spent weekends with my dad in Ohi. By the time Sunday came arund, I was unable t enjy the day's activities because I was already afraid f the gdbye f the evening.
Nw，standing amng Matthew’s accumulatin f pssessins, I realize it's me wh has becme a by again. All my sadness and lnging t hld n t things are back, sweeping ver me as they did when I was a child.
His bed is tidy and spare. It already has the feel f aa guest bed. In my mind I replay wrapping him in his favrite blanket. That was ur nightly rutine until ne evening he said, ”Daddy，I dn't think I need a blanket tnight.” I think f all the times we lay amng the cvers reading. I lk at the bed and think f all the recent times I was annyed at hw late he was sleeping. I'll never have t wrry abut that again, I realize.
Fr his part, Matthew has been a rck. He is treating his leaving as just anther day at the ffice. And I'm glad. After all, smene's gt t be strng. I'm prud that he is charging int the first chapter f his adult life with such cnfidence.
1.What des the writer mean by “Pull yurself tgether!”?
A. Get up. B. Cheer up.
C. Pull up. D. Wake up.
2.We can infer frm the passage that___________.
A. the writer is accustmed t sleeping early
B. Matthew desn't get n well with his father
C. Matthew is ready fr his new life
D. the writer wasn't brave enugh t face his parents' divrce
3.Hw des the writer feel abut his sn's leaving fr cllege?
A. Wrried. B. Grateful.
C. Relieved. D. Bittersweet.
4.Which f the fllwing culd be the best title f the text?
A. Unavidable Gdbye B. Sweet Memries
C. Glrius Mment D. Uncnditinal Lve
Passage 4(山东省潍坊市2019届高三高考模拟（5月三模)考试)
When Randy Heiss went hiking behind his Patagnia, Ariz. farm, the last thing he expected t find was a Christmas list frm a little girl acrss the US-Mexic brder. “I fund this balln n my mrning walk near Patagnia n Sunday. Attached t it was a piece f paper with the Christmas wishes frm a little girl,” Heiss wrte n his Facebk page.
When he brught the list hme t his wife, wh speaks fluent Spanish, they determined that the little girl had asked fr Enchantimals tys, clthes, art supplies and varius ther gifts. That's when Heiss set ut t make the little girl's Christmas dreams cme true. Heiss said he had attempted t send Christmas letters t Santa Claus via balln when he was a kid but never received a respnse.
Heiss sent a Facebk message n Wednesday t XENY, a radi statin in Ngales, t see if it culd help him track dwn the girl r her family. He later received a respnse frm the statin, which had determined the authr f the letter was an 8-year-ld girl named Dayami, and the statin wanted t set up a meeting between the tw n Thursday. “It just changed my entire day,” Heiss tld the Washingtn Pst. “Instead f ging back t my ffice in Bisbee, I went with my wife t Walmart. “
The cuple bught almst everything n Dayami's list. They als brught a few gifts fr Dayami's little sister, Ximena. They tld the children they were “ ayudantes de Santa,” r Santa's helpers.
Heiss,60, said the experience was very healing fr him and his wife. Nine years ag,the cuple's nly sn died. “ Being arund children at Christmas time has been absent in ur lives,” Heiss said. We nw have friends fr life. Fr a day, that brder fence with its cncertina wire melted away.
1. Hw did Dayami send ut her Christmas wishes?
A. By calling Heiss.B. By attaching them t a balln.
C. By writing t a radi statin.D. By sending a Facebk message.
2. When did Heiss knw what the girl exactly wanted?
A. After the help f his wife.B. When he fund the balln.
C. After their meeting in America.D. When he gt a respnse frm the radi statin.
3. What might make Heiss decide t fulfill the little girl's Christmas wishes?
A. His sn's will.
B. The girls request fr help.
C. His similar unsuccessful experience.
D. His desire t make friends with the girl.
4. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. The cuple gt ut f the pain cmpletely.
B. The experience was a great relief t the cuple.
C. The cuple wuld help mre children frm Mexic.
D. There will be n brder between cuntries ne day.
题组一
Passage1
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述Thmas Whaley为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一个演讲课程。
24.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段tday is speech day和本段最后一句with shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind f kids wh wuld enjy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句But he’s nervus.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知Chris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。
25.A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段 “I’m here t tell yu tday why yu shuld…shuld…” Chris trips n the “-ld”, a prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn-native English speakers. 以及后文except fr sme stumbles, Chris is ding amazingly well 可知, Chris 发ld比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说Chris做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故选A。
26.A
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaley says the prject is abut mre than just learning t read and speak in public. He wants these kids t learn t bast abut themselves.以及最后一段 “basting abut yurself, and yur best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult fr a child wh came int the classrm nt feeling cnfident.”可知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知，Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势增加信心，故选A。
27.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaley gt the idea f this secnd-grade presidential campaign prject when he asked the children ne day t raise their hands if they thught they culd never be a president.和最后一段He wants these kids t learn t bast abut themselves可知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humrus 幽默的， ambitius 有雄心壮志的；caring 关心的；demanding要求高的。故选C。
Passage 2
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为一名志愿者作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。
24.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的 Yu can use me as a last resrt（选择）, and if nbdy else vlunteers，then I will d it.可知，你可以当我是最后的候选人，如果没有其他的志愿者，那么我就做。由此可推断出，她不想做自愿者。故选C。
25.B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线前句she may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句话I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren't even n ...可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。
26.D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及the same parent ends up becming an invaluable member f the team可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。
27.B
【解析】细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四最两句Cnnecting t the cmmunity（社区）as yu freely give yur time, mney, skills, r services prvides a real jy. Vlunteering just feels s gd.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐， 参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选B。
Passage 3
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alice Mre，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
34.B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, "Why can’t I make a healthy candy that's gd fr my teeth s that my parents can't say n t it? "及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路。故选B。
35.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.可知，因此，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。
36.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles.可知，Mr想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选B。
37.C
【解析】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Mr的创业故事，她之所以能成功源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观的看待问题，积极的想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
Passage 4
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。Zachariah Fike有一个不同寻常的业余爱好：他在网上和古董店里寻找旧的军队勋章，然后将这些勋章归还它们的合法主人。文章主要叙述了他这一爱好的起源。
21.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Zac knws the meaning f a Purple Heart—he earned ne himself in a war as a sldier”可知，当Zac还是一名士兵的时候，在一次战争中他获得了一枚Purple Heart。故A选项正确。
22.B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“T drive eight hurs t cme t see me”可以推知，Adeline为了那枚Purple Heart开车八个小时来见Zac，由此可知，她对于这件事是认真地。因此，At that pint, I knew she meant business应该指的是Zac意识到Adeline对这枚勋章是认真的。故B选项正确。
23.D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Crrad, a translatr…was killed in actin in Eurpe”和倒数第三段中的“as I grew lder…and missed my brther mre and mre, I realized that was the nly thing we had left ”这枚勋章寄托了Adeline对于去世的哥哥Crrad的回忆和思念，这是他们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的东西了。因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。故D选项正确。
题组二
Passage1
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中融合中国传统建筑文化，获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利策奖，这让中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。
28.B
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，王澍获得2012年普利策奖，而普利策奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖，他是第一个获此奖的中国人，故推知中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。故B项正确。
29.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段对CAA校园的描述可知，它的设计风格独特，与大多数中国大学的校园很不同，许多游客感对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到吃惊，故C正确。
30.D
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第六段1995年普利策奖的获得者Tada And的评语可知，王澍设计的成功之处是把中国传统元素融入现代设计，并保持两者的和谐，故D正确。
31.D
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中In fact, traditin als refers t the things that have been develping and that are still being created可知，传统的研究要与实践相结合，在实践中进行再创造，否则就会是人工的和空的，故D正确。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。
36.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined t g ahead. 可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
37.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。
38.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第10段I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had. 可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
39.B
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗标签), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂. 可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
Passage 3
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。
41.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay.可知，Marian McNay是一名水彩画家。故选A。
42.D
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We're fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。
43.A
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem?（大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，眼睛不停的好奇的看着我。他们有什么问题？）可以推断出，作者当时感到困惑不解。故选A。
44.D
【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。
45.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围的美而不见。故选C。
Passage 4
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。在他200年诞辰之际，让我们永远记住这位对文学艺术做出重大贡献的小说家。
21.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs... Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral, r just plain bad.印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值可言。故选C。
22.D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.和列举的Charles Dickens小说的影响可知，把他和Mna Lisa相比是为了说明Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要性和Mna Lisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。
23.A
【解析】写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周
年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。
题组三
Passage1
【文章大意】救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。但无论结果怎样，救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
24.A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知救助受伤的、流离失所的、生病的动物是令人心碎的，因为我们不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是说我们为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选A。
25.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的She had fund a yung wl(猫头鹰) n the grund. When I arrived, I saw a 2-t 3-week-ld wl可知有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以D选项错误。故选C。
26.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn可知在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选A。
27.B
【解析】观点态度题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母，小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐，作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。
24.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据＂When the studi didn’t want me fr the film— it wanted smebdy as well knwn as Paul＂可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。
25.D
【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Bth f us had the qualities and virtues that are typical f American actrs:
humrus, aggressive, and making fun f each ther— but always with an underlying affectin. Thse were als at the cre （核心）f ur relatinship ff the screen＂可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。
26.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据＂We shared the brief that if yu’re frtunate enugh t have success, yu shuld
put smething back＂，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈。下文＂he with his Newman’s Own fd and his Hle in the Wall camps fr kids wh are seriusly ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival＂是作者举的例子，因此＂sharing that brught us tgether.＂that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。
27.B
【解析】写作意图题。根据＂I last saw him a few mnths ag. He’d been in and ut f the hspital. He and
I bth knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk abut it＂可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文＂I first met Paul Newman in 1968＂，可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争而被转售的故事。
24.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅清理了垃圾，而且还挪走了座椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。
25.D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，剧院老板选择这部电影是因为这部电影本身讲述的就是小镇上唯一的电影院准备关门停业的故事，与Plaza Theater的现状一样。
26.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段末句中的＂which plans t build a shpping cmplex n the land where the theater is lcated.＂可以推断出这个剧院将被拆除，取而代之的是一个现代的购物中心。
27.B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的＂mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building＂可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。
Passage4
【文章大意】讲述Taylr Bisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。
56.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.可知Paris是突然的心力衰竭，肯定是心脏问题，故答案为B。
57.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段＂Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂可知大多数人都没有从这样的疾病中活过来，她的队友们给她进行及时的心脏复苏，以及一系列的救治，把她救了回来，因此她觉得自己很幸运，故选C。
58.B
【解析】推理判断题。Taylr根据自己所学的CPR知识及时挽救了 Paris的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是很快地进行CPR抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，不像其他孩子那样陷入惊慌之中，故选B。
题组四
Passage1
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。
1.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据前文“My plan was t travel with a friend f a friend, I explained, but when I called her that mrning, she didn’t pick up and I had n ther way t reach her.”可知作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，C项（因为突然的变化而感到沮丧的）最符合作者此时的心情，所以选C。
2.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据““Why dn’t yu travel with us?” ne f the backpackers ffered”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；根据“ They were experienced adventurers wh wuld wrk fr a few mnths, save, then travel fr as lng as they culd”可知这些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的，综合选C。
3.A
【解析】推理判断题。根据“It seemed risky t travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes.”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能（instinct）也就是第六感说了“好”，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处的很好，才会答应他们的邀请，故选A。
4.D
【解析】推理判断题。根据“The wrld pened up t me because I chse t travel alne.”可知作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界，再结合最后一句“Thugh I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phne.”可知作者庆幸她的朋友没有接她的电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定，故选D。
Passage2
【文章大意】这是一篇故事类阅读。本文主要讲述了在北威尔士的一个小镇，由于海鸥的袭击，邮递员不得不暂停了邮件的投递。
1.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子They have cmplained that the birds have becme s terrifying that deliveries t sme streets have been suspended.可知由于海鸥袭击邮递员，邮件的投递只好暂停，故推知suspend意为推迟，暂停。A. Increased.增加；B. Paused. 暂停；C. Printed.印刷；D. Decreased.减少，故选B。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Yesterday residents f Abergele agreed the seagulls were fearless but said they were angry at lsing their daily pst.可知阿贝尔格莱的居民也承认这里的海鹏是什么都不怕，但是让他们感到很生气的是他们没有及时收到每日的邮报，故选C。
3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段We put smething n Facebk asking if anyne else had nt had their pst可知因为出现了这种情况，Debbie Rberts才到“脸书”去问其他人是不是也有相同的遭遇，故选A。
4.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在北威尔士的一个小镇，由于海鸥的袭击，邮
递员不得不暂停了邮件的投递，故D项概括了文章的大意，故选D。
Passage3
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲了作者的儿子即将去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路，也是父子俩不可避免的分离。
1.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Pull yurself tgether!”之后的句子There are parents sending their kids ff t battle znes. Hw dare I feel s shcked and upset?（有父母还把他们的孩子送去战场，我怎么能如此震惊和心烦呢？）由此推断出作者是在安慰自己，高兴起来，故选B。
2.C 【解析】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段I'm prud that he is charging int the first chapter f his adult life with such cnfidence.可知作者为自己儿子自信的开启成人生活的第一篇章，感到自豪，由此推断出Matthew对他的新生活做好了准备，故选C。
3.D 【解析】推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，作者的儿子去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲，由此推知作者对于儿子上大学，苦乐参半，故选D。
4.A 【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章讲了作者的儿子即将去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路，也是父子俩不可避免的分离，故选A。
Passage4
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了Randy Heiss在亚利桑那州巴塔哥尼亚徒步旅行时。在农场，他意外收到了来自美墨边境的一个小女孩的圣诞礼物清单。女孩通过气球来发送圣诞愿望。在妻子的帮助下，他们开始帮助女孩实现愿望。这次经历对这对九年前失去了唯一的儿子的夫妻也说也是很大的安慰。
1.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段I fund this balln n my mrning walk near Patagnia n Sunday. Attached t it was a piece f paper with the Christmas wishes frm a little girl.根据下文可知小女孩就是Dayami，她是通过把愿望绑在气球上发送圣诞愿望的。故选B。
2.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句When he brught the list hme t his wife, wh speaks fluent Spanish, they determined that the little girl had asked fr Enchantimals tys, clthes, art supplies and varius ther gifts.可知当他把单子带回家给能说一口流利西班牙语的妻子时，他们断定小女孩想要的是魔法师的玩具、衣服、美术用品和其他各种各样的礼物。即他是通过妻子的帮助知道女孩到底想要什么的。故选A。
3.C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Heiss said he had attempted t send Christmas letters t Santa Claus via balln when he was a kid but never received a respnse.可知当他还是个孩子的时候，他曾试图通过气球给圣诞老人寄圣诞信，但从未收到任何回复。可知他有和女孩相似的但不成功的经历，因此他决定帮助女孩实现愿望。故选C。
4.B
【解析】推理判断题。最后一段第一句Heiss,60, said the experience was very healing fr him and his wife.可知这段经历Heiss说对他和他的妻子来说是非常治愈的。因为他们九年前失去了唯一的儿子，因此这次经历对他们来说是一种很大的安慰。故选B。