3.4 单元综合测试 - 高一英语同步精品讲义（译林版必修第三册）

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Unit 3 The world Online 单元综合测试（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2021·上海·南洋中学高一阶段练习）Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls (民意调查), sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. It is not predictable, nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings.A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously under-educated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs.The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations arc somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunities to control their lives. Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education.Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely disabled or those in pain. Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. Those who have good relationship with other family members are happier than those who live alone. Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factors.It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time.Children whose parents where happily married have happier childhoods, but are not necessarily happier adult.The best formula (准则) for happiness is to be able to develop AQ (Adversity Quotient that can be of great benefit when running into trouble), to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem.1．It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A．happiness is neither predictable nor apparent.B．a person in an apparently ideal situation must be happyC．the rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group.D．happiness is not necessarily connected to one’s situation in society.2．According to the article, happiness is greatly dependent upon ______.A．a happy childhood in which one can do whatever he likes.B．great wealth with which one can buy anything.C．a feeling that conditions are becoming for the better.D．a college degree that can help one achieve great success.3．The best title of this passage may be ______.A．What Does Happiness Lie inB．Happiness and UnhappinessC．Different Kinds of HappinessD．Causes of Happiness and UnhappinessB（2022·江苏南通·高一阶段练习）Despite earning more than $100, 000 in household income, many people feel that they are living month to month and that sudden medical emergency could easily move them from the upper middle class to low-income earners. This feeling, despite these levels of income, seems a bit unbelievable. Let’s take a deeper look at the phenomenon.Even in today’s tough economy, for those with six-figure incomes credit is easy to come by. Credit companies may have cut back offerings to those in lower income brackets due to the recent credit reforms, but there seems to be little or no effect on high income earners. Their being able to get credit without difficulty gives them a false sense of security that makes them spend way more than their incomes can afford. That’s why they are in credit card debt faster than average.Some higher income professionals feel like they are making lots of money now, and believe that they will continue to make big money. This may reduce their feeling that they need to watch their money carefully now. Hand in hand with that, many of them probably believe that they are making more money than they really are — or said another way, the money they make will go farther than it really does.Meanwhile, many young professionals who are earning good incomes don’t come from particularly advantaged backgrounds, and their reference point may be that they are making twice (or more) than their parents were — so they spend like that as well. They don’t take account of the effect of inflation, which means that the cost of living is much higher than that in their parents’ generation. Further, the more you earn, the more you pay in tax. Rather than focusing on after-tax incomes, many high-income earners only look at the top line figures. A $100, 000 income before tax is only about $70,000 after tax.4．What is the first paragraph intended to?A．Introduce the understanding of high income. B．Confirm a strange phenomenon.C．Stress the inconvenience brought by illnesses. D．Lead to the topic of feeling poor.5．What is the second paragraph mainly about?A．Lack of real security. B．Easy access to credit.C．The successful credit reforms D．Their advantaged backgrounds.6．Why do some professionals spend beyond their income?A．Their money goes farther than it really does. B．They fail to make more money like before.C．They misunderstand their incomes. D．They are often in credit card debt.7．What does the author intend to remind young professionals about in the end?A．They should work harder to pay more taxes.B．They need to turn to their parents for help.C．They should keep their mind when faced with poverty.D．They need to look at the present rather than look back.C（2022·江苏·盐城市伍佑中学高一阶段练习）One of the most firmly established idea of manliness is that a real man doesn’t cry. Although he might shed a tear at a funeral, he is expected to quickly regain control. Sobbing openly is for girls. One study found that women cry significantly more than men do—five times as often, on average, and almost twice as long per period.Historically, however, men routinely wept, and no one saw it as shameful. For example, in the Middle Ages, knights cried purely because they missed their girlfriends. In The Knight of the Cart, no less a hero than Lancelot weeps at a brief separation from Guinevere. There’s no mention of the men in these stories trying to restrain or hide their tears. They cry in a crowded hall with their heads held high. Nor do their companions make fun of this public crying; it’s universally regarded as an admirable expression of feeling.So where did all the male tears go? The most obvious possibility is that this shift is the result of changes as we moved from an agricultural society to one that was urban and industrial. In the Middle Ages, most people spent their lives among those they had known since birth. If men cried, they did so with people who would sympathize. But from the 18th to 20th centuries, the population became increasingly urbanize, and people were living in the midst of thousands of strangers. Furthermore, changes in the economy required men to work together in factories and offices where emotional expressions and even private conversations were discouraged as time wasting.Yet human beings weren’t designed to swallow their emotions, and there’s reason to believe that restraining tears can be harmful to your well-being. Research from the 1980s has suggested a relationship between stress-related illnesses and inadequate crying. Weeping is also, somewhat related with happiness and wealth. Countries where people cry the most tend to be richer and more confident.8．In history, people considered it ________ for men to cry in public.A．shameful B．acceptable C．manly D．definite9．How does the author answer the question raised in paragraph 3?A．By offering descriptions. B．By analyzing effects.C．By making comparisons. D．By giving definitions.10．Who is likely to be healthier according to the passage?A．Emily who is outgoing but sometimes sobs in public.B．Tony who lives alone and seldom expresses himself.C．Arthur who is under great stress but never shed a tear.D．Rebecca who sometimes cries but quickly regain control.11．What is the best title for the text?A．Weeping Is for Women. B．Men Don’t Cry. Why?C．Who Cry More? Men or Women? D．Weeping Makes a Weak Man.D（2021·重庆·高一期末）The children’s clothing section at Uniqlo in China has gained unexpected new customers: adult women, who pose for dressing-room selfies in children’s T-shirts from the Japanese fashion giant. This fashionable trend has aroused a heated debate on the Internet about whether it promotes body shaming.On Weibo where “Adult tries on Uniqlo Children’s clothing” has been viewed 680 million times, criticism is divided into groups between those who object to the unrealistic beauty standards that the challenge promotes and those who express the more practical concern that women are stretching out the clothes and making them not suitable for sale.The challenge has been labeled as the latest edition of “BM style” in fashion trend, a type of fashion recently popularized by the popular Italian brand Brandy Melville, which is youthful, casual and, above all, thin (its stores carry out only one size: extra small).Similar online challenges have gone viral on Chinese social media before. In 2016, women—and even some men—all posed with their waists behind a sheet of A4 paper going straight up to show the fact that they were “paper thin” in their WeChat Moments.Jia Tan, an assistant professor in cultural studies from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, said that the clothing industry is a most important driver of what is considered “standard” sizing.“I think we need to first question the tremendous social pressure on women, and why the clothing industries can have so much power in standardizing how we look, before we point out fingers on those adult women who show off in children’s sizes,” Tan said.12．What’s the people’s attitude towards the new customer on Weibo?A．Favorable. B．Concerned. C．Disapproving. D．Mixed.13．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 5 mean?A．Gain popularity. B．Show off. C．Get through. D．Go standard.14．What do Jia Tan’s words tell us?A．The whole society has shown off in children’s sizes.B．We can’t just blame the adult women wearing children’ clothing.C．The social pressure makes clothing industry standardize our look.D．Only the clothing industry is responsible for the standard sizing.15．What’s main idea of the whole passage?A．Online challenges of paper-thin figure lead to body-shaming concerns.B．Criticisms of adults trying on Uniqlo children’s clothing are raised.C．The trend of women posing in children’s clothing attracts wide attention.D．The clothing industry plays a significant role in driving the standard sizing of women.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）（2022·河南·高一阶段练习）A good placeI know it sounds strange, but I want you to take a look at your life as you read this article in the next minute. In your world, you're looking for a place where you feel cared about and where you'll see people coming together to help someone in need, whether it's for a meal, a laugh, or to lend a hand when disaster strikes. ____16____ Other people will feel the same way, even if they are strangers.You know such a place because you’ve been there. It’s on a front porch (门廊) in your town after something difficult has happened and help is on the way. It's on the phone, people working together to solve problems at work or in the city. Do you know the phrase “up to no good”? This is a place where you feel the opposite: ____17____ Scan your schools, your stores, your online experiences, and your churches—any place you have felt the power of people being together no matter what their backgrounds are. ____18____ These people are making good things happen. I can help too.Hold that thought, because now I will ask you to do one more thing. Take a moment to write me about those people and why you smile when you think about them. ____19____ It has been a year of storms, shootings, a pandemic (流行病), and more. But in our communities, we are still standing. These places are the reason. We need to hear any story, no matter how small, of people who have each other's backs.____20____ Thank you for following along, and for the stories you will tell. This search for the Nicest Places in America is ongoing, and valuable. Join it.A．These people are up to good.B．These people are up to no good.C．This is important, especially for American today.D．These things should be everywhere in America today.E．This is the place where you have said to yourself “I got the help”.F．At a time when we have lost faith, your stories can help us regain it.G．In a place with a big heart you will immediately feel like you belong.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（2022·上海市控江中学高一阶段练习）How many people can speak English? Some experts estimate that 1.5 billion people—around one-quarter of the world’s population—can communicate reasonably well in English.Never in recorded history has a language been as _____21_____ spoken as English is today. The reason why millions are learning it is simple: it is the language of international business and _____22_____, the key to prosperity. It is not just that multinational companies conduct their business in English; it is the language in which Germans speak to Indonesians.David Gtaddol, the author of English Next, says it is tempting to view the story of English simply as a victory for its native speakers in North America, Britain and Ireland, and Australia— but that would be a _____23_____ . Global English has entered a more complex stage, changing in ways that the English-speaking countries cannot control and might _____24_____ .An important question one might ask is: whose English will it be in the future? Non-nativespeakers now _____25_____ native English speakers by three to one. The majority of _____26_____ in English today take place between non-native speakers. According to David Graddol, many business meetings held in English appear to run more _____27_____ when there are no native English speakerspresent. This is because native speakers are often _____28_____ at ensuring that they are understood in international discussions. They tend to think they need to avoid longer Latin-based words, but in fact _____29_____ problems are more often caused by their use of idioms, metaphors, and phrasal verbs. On one occasion, at an international student conference in Amsterdam, conducted in English, the only British representative was asked to be “less _____30_____” so that the others could understand her.Professor Barbara Seidlhofer, Professor of English at the University of Vienna, records spoken English _____31_____ between speakers of the language around the world. She says her team has noticed that non-native speakers are _____32_____ standard English grammar in several ways. Even the most fluent speakers sometimes omit the "s" in the third person singular. Many omit definite and indefinite articles where they are _____33_____ in standard English, or put them in where standard English does not use them. Nouns that are not plural in native-speaker English are used as plurals by non-native speakers (eg, “informations”, “knowledges”, advices”). Other variations include “make a discussion”, “discuss about something”, or “phone to somebody”.Many native English speakers will insist that these are not variations, they are mistakes. “Knowledges”and “phone to somebody” are simply _____34_____. Many non-native speakers who teach English around the world would agree. But language changes, and so do ideas of grammatical _____35_____ .21．A．well B．widely C．fully D．regularly22．A．besides B．therefore C．otherwise D．however23．A．mistake B．success C．challenge D．competition24．A．forget B．undergo C．justify D．dislike25．A．understand B．envy C．outnumber D．overload26．A．encounters B．instructions C．negotiations D．treatments27．A．roughly B．slowly C．swiftly D．smoothly28．A．poor B．angry C．clever D．skillful29．A．equipment B．economy C．comprehension D．culture30．A．visible B．considerate C．English D．foreign31．A．grammar B．interactions C．courses D．vocabulary32．A．studying B．explaining C．checking D．varying33．A．required B．deleted C．judged D．stressed34．A．harmful B．impolite C．wrong D．illogical35．A．phenomenon B．research C．structure D．correctness第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）（2022·重庆·高一期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On Monday, popular fashion and lifestyle sharing platform Xiaohongshu, or Little Red Book, issued ___36___ apology on its official WeChat account to the users for “over-decorated”(过度美化的)scenery photos.Some ___37___(annoy) users put “before” and “after” photos on Weibo that dramatically show the difference. “When ___38___ (compare) the real life with what is posted on Xiaohongshu, I feel ___39___(extreme) disappointed. The photos show the scenic spots(景点)as movie-like and romantic, but that’s far ___40___ the case,” one user complained.The platform noted, “Those ___41___ (image) are in fact just collections of travel photos instead of professional travel guides, and the reason why most users complain___42___(be) that they consider those photos as guides for scenic spots.” “After the users visited the scenic spots, there was a big gap, ___43___made them believe they were being cheated,” said Xiaohongshu.Xiaohongshu said that it had launched a series of campaigns to encourage the users ___44___(share) useful photos, and it was going to promote ranking lists along with places-to-avoid lists to make users get ____45____ (much) information than before.第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．（2022·江苏·盐城市伍佑中学高一阶段练习）假定你是李华，上周末你所在的城市在人民广场举办了主题为“The Earth ls Our Only Home”的活动，探讨了环境污染的方方面面，并宣传环保措施。你的外国朋友Henry对此很感兴趣，请你用英语写一封邮件，告诉他活动的具体情况，内容包括：1. 活动时间和地点；2. 活动的内容；3. 活动的效果。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Henry,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）47．（2022·江西宜春·高一期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Ladies and gentlemen, a star is born!” Rob and Anne turned to look at Barney in surprise. “Our teacher gave me the main part in our school play!” Barney explained. “Oh, that’s great.” I said. “Who will you be playing?” “The Easter Bunny of course!” he answered. “Do you think you could make me a costume(服装), Mum?” “Of course I could.”I made great progress on the costume on his first rehearsal(排练) day. “Mum, you’re spending so much time on the costume.” Barney said. “Are you sure you don’t mind?” “No, not at all!” I said. Barney looked a little bit uncomfortable. “Is everything OK?” I asked. “Well, I’m just not sure whether you will be able to come.” he said. I told him, “Of course we’re coming to watch.”Over the next few days I kept working on the costume. “Barney will be so happy, Mum.” said Anne one afternoon. Barney was watching from the doorway and his face turned red. I did think at the time that he was acting very strangely. But perhaps he had a little bit of stage fear. Then the big day was coming. Rob, Anne and I were really looking forward to Barney’s performance. After a couple of minutes he walked onto the stage. “I am the Easter Bunny!” he said loudly. He disappeared and the rest of the children sang a song. The play began. Rob, Anne and I waited for Barney to appear again. But soon it was all over. “He only had one line（台词）!”said Anne. 注意：续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。Para 1：After the performance, we went straight to find Barney. Para 2：Instead of being annoyed with the poor boy after knowing the truth, I patted him gently.