八年级英语下学期第一次月考02（浙江宁波卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）

这是一份八年级英语下学期第一次月考02（浙江宁波卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版），共16页。
1. 全卷分试题卷I、试题卷II和答题卷。试题卷共有6个大题, 61 个小题, 满分为 95分。考试时长为90分钟。
2. 请将姓名、准考证号分别填写在试题卷和答题卷的规定位置上。
3. 答题时, 把试题卷I的答案在答题卷I上对应的选项位置用 2B 铅笔涂黑、涂满。将试题卷II答案用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔书写, 答案必须按照题号顺序在答题卷II各题目规定区域内作答, 做在试题卷上或超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
试 题 卷I
一、完形填空（本题有15 小题, 每小题1分, 共计 15 分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握大意, 然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I am very thankful t the cat and it always makes me think f the time I was with him.
Five years ag, when my father was 1 , I traveled a thusand miles frm my hme t be with him in his last days. I felt very 2 and it was ne f the mst difficult and painful times in my life. After he passed away, I was 3 in his apartment. There were s many things t 4 . I was lnely and I hated the 5 f the apartment.
But ne evening the silence was brken. I heard crying utside. I 6 the dr and fund a little cat n the flr. He was thin and pr. I brught him inside and gave him a can f fish. He ate it and then sn 7 .
The next mrning I asked the neighbrs and learned that the cat had been left by his wner. His wner had mved away, 8 the little cat was there all alne, just like I was. As I walked back t the apartment, I tried t wrk ut what t d with 9 . I had smething else t d, s taking care f the cat seemed like the very 10 thing I culd d. But as sn as I pened the dr, he ran t me and lay 11 my feet. It was clear frm that mment that he didn’t want t g anywhere. I started calling him Willis in rder t remember my father’s best friend.
Frm then n, things grew 12 . With Willis, time seemed t pass much faster. 13 , when the time came fr me t return t my wn hme, I had t decide 14 t d abut Willis. There was n way I wuld leave withut him.
It’s been five years since my father died. Over the years, several peple have said I was s nice t 15 the cat. But I knw that we saved each ther. I may have given him a hme but he gave me smething greater.
1．A．braveB．dyingC．strngD．hpeful
2．A．excitedB．happyC．sadD．tired
3．A．alneB．sleepyC．awakeD．afraid
4．A．turn verB．cme nC．g withD．deal with
5．A．niseB．silenceC．sundD．vice
6．A．clsedB．penedC．fixedD．brke
7．A．ran verB．went awayC．fell asleepD．gt up
8．A．becauseB．sC．thughD．since
9．A．himB．herC．meD．them
10．A．firstB．secndC．middleD．last
11．A．inB．byC．verD．ff
12．A．easierB．harderC．heavierD．wrse
13．A．SuddenlyB．LuckilyC．FinallyD．Surely
14．A．hwB．whatC．whereD．which
15．A．saveB．reprtC．catchD．carry
二、阅读理解（本题有15 小题, 每小题2分, 共计 30 分）
阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
16．Hw can visitrs get t Ryal Engineers Museum frm Gillingham Statin?
A．By car.B．By taxi.C．By bike.D．On ft.
17．Which f the fllwing is true?
A．Yu can visit Zhangjiajie Glass Bridge in May at 7:00 p.m..
B．The Tky Natinal Museum can be visited n Fridays at 8:00 p.m..
C．Ryal Engineers Museum can be visited n Mndays at 10:00 a.m..
D．Yu can call Rtrua Grammar Schl Hliday Library at 01634-822839.
18．We can usually read the passage in ________.
A．a guide bkB．a stry bkC．a science magazineD．a histry reprt
B
When mst peple think f “beautiful”, they think f mvie stars. I used t be ne f them. But nw my pinin (观念) f beauty has cmpletely changed.
I was with my parents and little brthers at the McDnald’s (麦当劳). Since there are nly tables with fur chairs, I’m always the ne t sit at a nearby table by myself. Usually, I’m a little unhappy, but nt this time.
A wman was sitting at a table, tw tables away. She was yung and pretty, nt the traditinal beauty, but a warm ne. She had thick dark-brwn hair and wre cmmn clthes, but nne f thse was why she was s beautiful t me.
Her children spread the ice-cream all ver their clthes, and she just kissed them and that’s all. She didn’t get angry. The lve and warmth this wman generated (产生) cmpletely changed my view f beauty. She generated warmth like the sun, and her children were little planets (行星) arund her.
She made a difference t her children’s lives. Instead f making them feel bad abut themselves, she made them feel great abut everything. That is true beauty: t make a psitive (积极的) difference t anther’s life thrugh warmth and caring.
19．Hw many peple were there in the writer’s family?
A．Three.B．Fur.C．Five.D．Six.
20．Why was the mther beautiful t the writer?
A．Because she was yung and friendly.
B．Because she shwed great lve and warmth.
C．Because she was a traditinal beauty.
D．Because she had dark-brwn hair and white skin.
21．What did the writer cmpare the mther t?
A．The sun.B．The planet.C．The tree.D．The rse.
22．The writer has cme t realize that beautiful peple are thse wh ________
A．are tall and thin with beautiful lks.
B．make a great influence n the wrld.
C．are successful in bth wrk and the family.
D．make a psitive difference in thers’ life.
C
One f my least favrite chres is cleaning my bedrm, but I have t d it. If my bedrm is untidy, I will find it hard t relax and impssible t d any wrk! My mm always says “a tidy hme means a tidy mind”, and I think this is true. If everything is a mess, yu just can’t think clearly.
Studies shw that peple are usually mre successful if they wrk, study, r live in a clean and tidy envirnment. A study shwed that a high percentage (百分率) f children with bad behavir (行为，举止) cme frm messy huses. Children wh grw up in dirty huses tend t be unhealthy and they fall sick mre ften, t. This is why peple with tidier hmes are ften healthier and mre successful. My mm is a gd example f this. She makes sure that ur hme is always very clean and cmfrtable, s my sister and I hardly ever fall sick. Everyne lves her and she is very successful at her jb in a bank.
I am nt a naturally (天生地) tidy persn. I smetimes thrw my clthes n the flr because I am t tired t put them away, and I ften leave rubbish n my desk. It is nt easy t keep things clean all the time, but I am trying t develp the habit f tidying up every day. Maybe ne day I will be as tidy and successful as my mm!
23．The writer hates t d chres but she has t d them because __________.
A．her mther makes her d them
B．she wants t help her mther
C．she can’t relax r wrk if her rm is untidy
D．she thinks ding chres is gd exercise
24．What des the underlined part “a tidy hme means a tidy mind” mean?
A．If everything is a mess, yu can’t think clearly.
B．The tidier yur hme is, the cleverer yu are.
C．A persn with a tidy hme usually has a healthy lifestyle.
D．A smart persn’s hme is always clean and cmfrtable.
25．What is the result f the study in Paragraph 2?
A．N kids like t live in messy hmes with their parents.
B．A lt f children frm messy hmes have bad behavir.
C．Peple with tidier hmes are healthier and mre successful.
D．Parents and kids shuld keep the huse clean and tidy tgether.
26．Which f the fllwing is NOT true abut the writer?
A．She is a naturally tidy persn.
B．She wants t be like her mther.
C．She is lazy smetimes but she is trying t be tidy.
D．She thinks tidying up every day is a gd habit.
D
Whenever the sun rse and the blue sky came up, my father and I wuld climb the muntain near my huse. Walking tgether, my father and I had a lt f cnversatins. It was a gd time fr me t talk with my father, develp my patience and think abut life.
One day, we were having ur hliday in a scenic spt which was famus fr the great sight at the tp f the high muntain. As I’ve had s many times f climbing, I was quite sure I wuld have n prblem. S during the first few hurs f climbing, I really enjyed the beautiful flwers, green trees and birds’ sngs. Hwever, as time went by, I fund my steps became heavier and heavier.
Later, I culd nt bear the pains in my legs. All I wanted t d was t return t ur htel. My father seemed t have seen thrugh me and said, “Sn, I knw hw tired yu are. But if yu quit halfway, yu will see nthing. Only when yu arrive at the tp can yu see the great sight. S it is with life.”
_____▲______ With hpe in my heart, I gained my cnfidence again. Surprisingly, tiredness and pain went away. When we reached the tp f the muntain, there befre us appeared the greatest sight we had never seen befre. Amazingly, we seemed t be standing n tp f white cluds, with the blue sky as clear as crystal (水晶).
27．The writer ___________ at the beginning f the climbing.
A．felt tiredB．enjyed himself
C．had pains in the legsD．saw the crystal-clear sky
28．Which f the fllwing sentences can be put in the blank “_____▲_____” in the passage?
A．I went back t the htel.B．My father stpped suddenly.
C．I was tuched.D．My father went n withut me.
29．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．My Father and I
B．Enjying the Beautiful Views
C．Cnversatins between Father and Sn
D．Reaching the Tp f the Muntain
30．In writing the passage, the writer wants t __________.
A．intrduce a beautiful scenic spt
B．describe a gd father
C．tell us that we shuldn’t give up halfway
D．shw us hw t climb muntains
三、阅读还原6选5（本题有 5 小题, 每小题1分, 共计 5 分）
下面文章中有五处需要添加小标题。 请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
As lng as yu pay attentin t the tips belw, playing sprts safely in the heat isn’t a difficult thing.
31 Firstly, t play sprts safely in ht weather, yu must drink water. Sprts drinks are great fr athletes, but they have s much sugar that they’ll dehydrate(使脱水) yu mre. Hwever, drinking a few bttles f sprts drinks will be gd fr yu.
32 Secndly, be sure t take enugh breaks t let yur bdy rest. If yur cach desn’t let yu d s in the heat, dn’t wait until yu feel uncmfrtable. Just be hnest with yur cach when yu need breaks.
33 Thirdly, when yu have a break, dn’t sit in the sun. Take a seat under a tree, r even better — g indrs fr a little while. Cling yurself dwn can help yu stay active lnger.
34 Furthly, remember that the earlier in the day yu start exercise, the cler it will be. Als, the earlier yu practice, the earlier yu can finish the exercise. If yu need mre practice time, cme back t the field later in the evening when the sun sets.
35 Last but nt least, yu shuld watch ut fr yur fd. Eat fd which is high in water, starch(淀粉) and carbhydrates(糖类), but be sure t get a gd balance in yur diet.
A．Take enugh breaks
B．Drink water
C．Start yur exercise earlier
D．Watch ut fr yur fd
E．Dn’t sit in the sun
F．G t bed early and get up early
试 题 卷 II
四、词汇运用（本题有15 小题, 每小题1分, 共计 15 分）
A. 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释, 写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
36．What’s the matter with yur (手指) ?
37．Wuld yu mind (递) me the bk n the desk ?
38．The by (扔) the vlleyball under the desk just nw .
39．Jack (讨厌) schl days because he has t get up early .
40．My teacher explained （清楚地）the math prblem.
41．I didn’t get （足够的）sleep s I was tired.
42．Parents find it difficult t （交流）with their children.
43．The little girl （争吵）with her mther yesterday.
44．D yu agree r disagree with her （建议）?
45．These days children ften feel lnely and （紧张的）.
B.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使对话通顺、正确，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。
Dear Jane,
Yu wn’t believe what 46 n my hliday. I’m OK, s dn’t wrry, was a fire in ur hliday apartment last night! We heard the fire 47 at tw ’clck in the mrning. I thught it was a bad dream at first, but then my father tld us t get up. He knew just what t d! I was abut t run int the hallway, but Dad tld us t wait. He put his hand n the dr t feel if it was 48 . It was! That meant that the fire was right utside ur dr! We were nly n the 49 flr and there was a sandy beach belw, s we jumped. The firemen sn came and put the fire ut. 50 , everyne in the building was OK. I’ll tell yu mre when I get back hme.
Lve,
Sarah
五、语法填空（本题有10小题, 每小题1分, 共计10 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
This time yesterday, Mr Zhang was celebrating his 51 (ninety) birthday at hme. He said this t his family, “Mst peple change huses during their lifetime, but I have been living in this huse since I 52 (have) memry. Mst f the time it has been 53 happy place. This street is very different frm when I was yung. At that time, there weren’t 54 (sme) cars r nise. All the children enjyed 55 (play) in the rad. Sme children still d, 56 it’s nt the same—yu’ve gt t be very careful nwadays 57 the traffic. Many peple lived here befre have died; thers have mved t anther area. I’m 58 (ld) man in this street nw. I dn’t g ut much nw and my hearing is getting wrse. But this is nt imprtant. I’ve gt 59 (I) children and my grandchildren, and yu are everything t me.”
“Happy birthday!” Everyne said 60 (cheerful) t Mr Zhang. The whle family had a big meal tgether.
六、书面表达（共计20分）
61．Yuth club是一个国际青少年网站，近日一位名叫Cindy的初二学生发帖倾吐心声：五岁的弟弟经常影响她的学习，而父母认为她应该让着弟弟。她觉得父母不公平，对此她感到很无助。假如你是李明，请你用英语回帖，开导Cindy并提出你的建议。
要求:
1. 语言表达要准确，内容要完整，语意要通顺、连贯；
2. 词数80—100，回帖的格式已给出，但不计入总词数；
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名等相关信息。
Dear Cindy,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Ming
Zhangjiajie Glass Bridge
It was built in 2012. It is the highest and lngest glass bridge in the wrld. Yu can walk alng the glass bridge and enjy the beautiful view(风景).
Opening Hurs:
April—Nvember: 7:30 a.m.—5:30 p.m.
December—March: 8:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m.
Tel: 01634-823510
The Tky Natinal Museum
The Tky Natinal Museum is the ldest and largest f Japan’s tp-level natinal museums. It was built in 1872.
Opening Hurs: 9:30 a.m.—5:30 p.m. (until 9:00 p.m. n Fridays and Saturdays)
Clsed: Mndays, New Year hlidays
Price: Lng-time shw:￥1,000
Tel: 01634-824758
Ryal Engineers Museum
Visit here and learn abut sme different cultures.
Opening Hurs: Tuesday—Sunday: 10:00 a.m.—5:00 p.m.
Standard tickets: Adult: ￥9.20; Child (5—15): ￥4.60; Student:￥7.60
Hw t find us: It is n Prince Arthur Rad, Gillingham, Kent, within a walking distance(距离) frm Gillingham Statin.
Tel: 01634-822839
Rtrua Grammar Schl Hliday Library
Jin us and have sme real fun! Enjy a new seasn f great plays written by Hans Christian Andersen at the music hall!
Date & Time: Sep. 6th 8:00 p.m.; Oct. 2nd 7:30 p.m. Nv. 7th 8:30 p.m.
Plays: The Little Mermaid; Thumbelina; The Red Shes
Actrs: Happy Tree Drama Team
Directr: Tm Weaver
Tel: 01634-826652
tw, luck, happen, ht, alarm
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在父亲去世后，从一只猫那得到了慰籍。
1．句意：五年前，当我父亲弥留之际，我从家乡千里迢迢来到他最后的日子里陪伴他。
brave勇敢的；dying垂死的；strng强壮的；hpeful有希望的。根据后文“After he passed away”可知，是父亲的弥留之际，故选B。
2．句意：我感到非常难过，这是我一生中最困难、最痛苦的时期之一。
excited激动的；happy开心的；sad悲伤的；tired劳累的。根据“I felt it was ne f the mst difficult and painful times in my life.”可知，父亲去世，作者很难过。故选C。
3．句意：他去世后，我一个人待在他的公寓里。
alne孤独的；sleepy困倦的；awake醒着的；afraid害怕的。根据“I his apartment.”可知，父亲去世，只有作者一个人在他的公寓里。故选A。
4．句意：有那么多的事情要处理。
turn ver翻转；cme n快点；g with继续；deal with处理。根据“There were s many things t...”可知，有很多事要处理，故选D。
5．句意：我很孤独，我讨厌公寓的寂静。
nise噪音；silence寂静；sund声音；vice嗓音。根据“But ne evening the silence was brken.”可知，很孤独，所以讨厌公寓的寂静。故选B。
6．句意：我打开门，发现地板上有一只小猫。
clsed关闭；pened打开；fixed修理；brke打破。根据“I heard crying utside. dr and fund a little cat n the flr.”可知，打开门，才能看到小猫。故选B。
7．句意：他吃了它，很快就睡着了。
ran ver辗过；went away走开；fell asleep入睡；gt up起床。根据“He ate it and then sn...”可知，小猫吃了东西就睡着了，故选C。
8．句意：他的主人搬走了，所以这只小猫孤零零地待在那里，就像我一样。
because因为；s所以；thugh虽然；since自从。前后两句构成因果关系，前因后果用s连接。故选B。
9．句意：当我走回公寓时，我试着想该怎么处理他。
him他；her她；me我；them他们。根据前文“I brught him inside and gave him a can f fish.”可知，此处指那只小猫，用him代替。故选A。
10．句意：我有别的事情要做，所以照顾猫似乎是我能做的最后一件事。
first第一；secnd第二；middle中间；last最后。根据“I had smething else t d”可知，有别的事要做，所以照顾小猫似乎是最后一件能做的事。the very last thing“最后一件事”，故选D。
11．句意：但我一打开门，他就跑过来躺在我脚边。
in在里面；by在旁边；ver在上面；ff离开（某处）。根据“he ran t me and feet”可知，小猫躺在作者脚边，故选B。
12．句意：从那时起，事情变得容易了。
easier更容易的；harder更难的；heavier更重的；wrse更差的。根据“Frm then n, things grew... With Willis, time seemed t pass much faster.”可知，事情往好的方向发展了，故选A。
13．句意：最后，当我要回家的时候，我必须决定如何处理威利斯。
Suddenly突然；Luckily幸运地；Finally最终；Surely当然。联系上下文可知，最终到了回家的时候，故选C。
14．句意：最后，当我要回家的时候，我必须决定如何处理威利斯。
hw如何；what什么；where哪里；which哪一个。根据“I had t d abut Willis”可知，此处是what t d结构，在句中作宾语。故选B。
15．句意：这些年来，有几个人说我救了那只猫太好了。
save救；reprt报道；catch抓住；carry携带。根据“But I knw that we saved each ther.”可知，作者觉得是彼此拯救，故选A。
16．D 17．B 18．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了四处旅游景点的信息。
16．细节理解题。根据Ryal Engineers Museum中的“Hw t find us: It is n Prince Arthur Rad, Gillingham, Kent, within a walking distance(距离) frm Gillingham Statin.”可知游客可以从吉林厄姆车站步行到达皇家工程师博物馆，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据The Tky Natinal Museum中的“Opening Hurs: 9:30 a.m.—5:30 p.m. (until 9:00 p.m. n Fridays and Saturdays)”可知东京国立博物馆开放时间到晚上9点。所以B选项正确，故选B。
18．推理判断题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍了四处旅游景点的信息，所以文章可能来自一本旅游指南。故选A。
19．C 20．B 21．A 22．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在麦当劳看到一个母亲对待她的孩子的方式，让作者认识到什么才是真正的美。
19．推理判断题。根据“Since there are nly tables with fur chairs, I’m always the ne t sit at a nearby table by myself.”可知，一个桌子只有四把椅子，作者只能自己坐在隔壁桌，因此可以推断家里一共有五个人。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“The lve and warmth this wman generated (产生) cmpletely changed my view f beauty.”可知，这个女人带给作者的爱和温暖完全改变了作者对美的看法。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据“She generated warmth like the sun, and her children were little planets (行星) arund her.”可知，她像太阳一样产生热量，她的孩子们是围绕着她的小行星。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“That is true beauty: t make a psitive (积极的) difference t anther’s life thrugh warmth and caring.”可知，这才是真正的美：通过温暖和关怀对他人的生活产生积极的影响。故选D。
23．C 24．A 25．C 26．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者认为一个干净整洁的环境会使人在工作、学习和生活中感觉更加舒适，更容易获得成功。
23．细节理解题。根据“If my bedrm is untidy, I will find it hard t relax and impssible t d any wrk”可知，如果自己的卧室是不整洁的，自己就会发现很难放松和不能做任何工作。故选C。
24．词句猜测题。结合语境和“If everything is a mess, yu just can’t think clearly”可知，如果一切都一团糟，你就无法清晰地思考。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“Studies shw that peple are usually mre successful if they wrk, study, r live in a clean and tidy envirnment”和“This is why peple with tidier hmes are ften healthier and mre successful”可知，来自爱整洁家庭的人更健康、更成功。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“I am nt a naturally (天生地) tidy persn”可知，作者不是个天生就爱整洁的人。A选项“她是个天生爱整洁的人”说法错误。故选A。
27．B 28．C 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了有一次作者和父亲去爬山，爬到一半时，作者想要放弃，但在父亲的鼓励下，他坚持了下来并爬到山顶，最终欣赏到美丽的风景。
27．细节理解题。根据“S during the first few hurs f climbing, I really enjyed the beautiful flwers, green trees and birds’ sngs”可知，在刚开始爬山时，作者比较享受，玩得很开心。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据“Sn, I knw hw tired yu are. But if yu quit halfway, yu will see nthing. Only when yu arrive at the tp can yu see the great sight. S it is with life”和“With hpe in my heart, I gained my cnfidence again”可推测出，父亲的鼓励让作者触动。故选C。
29．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述作者爬山时想要半途而废，但是在父亲的鼓励下最终爬到山顶并欣赏了美景，D项“到达山顶”符合语境。故选D。
30．主旨大意题。本文讲述在父亲的鼓励下，作者没有中途放弃，而是爬到了山顶，看到了美丽的风景，所以告诉我们不要半途而废。故选C。
31．B 32．A 33．E 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了在炎热的天气里运动应该注意的事项。
31．根据“yu must drink water.”可知，本段讲饮水的重要性，B项“要喝水”适合作小标题。故选B。
32．根据“be sure t take enugh breaks t let yur bdy rest.”可知，本段内容与休息相关，A项“充分休息”适合作小标题。故选A。
33．根据“when yu have a break, dn’t sit in the sun.”可知，本段建议不要坐在阳光底下，E项“不要坐在阳光下”适合作小标题。故选E。
34．根据“remember that the earlier in the day yu start exercise, the cler it will be.”可知，本段建议早点锻炼，这样不会太热，C项“早点开始锻炼”适合作小标题。故选C。
35．根据“yu shuld watch ut fr yur fd.”可知，本段内容与食物相关，D项“小心你的食物”适合作小标题。故选D。
36．fingers
【详解】句意：你的手指怎么了？
根据What’s the matter with yur ___(手指) ? 可知句意为：你的手指怎么了？“手指”英文表达是finger，可数名词，所以用其复数形式，故答案为fingers。
37．passing
【详解】句意：你介意把桌子上的那本书递给我吗?
根据提示词“递”，英文表达是pass，动词，mind后接名词或动名词作宾语，mind ding sth介意做某事，故答案为passing。
38．threw
【详解】句意：男孩刚才把排球扔到课桌下面了。
根据提示词“仍”，英文表达是thrw，动词，由just nw刚才，可知句子时态用一般过去时，thrw的过去式为threw，在句中作谓语，故答案为threw。
39．hates
【详解】句意：杰克讨厌上学，因为他必须早起。根据提示词“讨厌”，英文表达是hate，动词，由后面的has可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语Jack是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词hate也要用第三人称单数形式，故答案为hates。
40．clearly
【详解】句意：我的老师把这道数学题解释得很清楚。
根据题干可知，设空处在句中修饰前面的谓语动词，所以应用副词形式，再由提示词“清楚地”，可知用clearly，故答案为clearly。
41．enugh
【详解】句意：我没有得到足够的睡眠，所以我很累。根据提示词“足够的”，英文表达是enugh，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词sleep，故答案为enugh。
42．cmmunicate
【详解】句意：父母发现很难与孩子交流。根据题干Parents find it difficult t ____（交流）with their children.可知本句中使用的结构为find+it+adj.+t d sth．发现做某事是…的，在该句型中it 是一个形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，所以这里用动词原形cmmunicate，故答案为cmmunicate。
43．argued
【详解】句意：这个小女孩昨天和她妈妈吵架了。根据提示词“争吵”，英文表达是argue，动词，由句中的时间状语yesterday，可知句子时态用一般过去时，argue的过去式为argued，故答案为argued。
44．advice
【详解】句意：你同意还是不同意她的建议？根据题干可知，设空处用在形容词性的物主代词her后面，所以应填入一个名词形式，advice建议，不可数名词，故答案为advice。
45．nervus
【详解】句意：这些日子孩子们常常感到孤独和紧张。根据提示词“紧张的”，英文表达是nervus，形容词，and连接两个成分，这里是和前面的形容词lnely并列用在系动词feel后面作表语，故答案为nervus。
46．happened 47．alarm 48．ht 49．secnd 50．Luckily
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在度假时遇到火灾的事情。
46．句意：你难以想象我在度假时发生了什么。根据“Yu wn’t believe my hliday.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示你难以想象我在度假时发生了什么，happen“发生”符合语境，时态应为一般过去时，happened为其过去式。故填happened。
47．句意：我们在凌晨2：00听到了火灾报警器的声音。根据“heard the fire...”及备选词汇可知，此处表达听到了火灾报警器，alarm“警报器”符合语境。故填alarm。
48．句意：他把手放到了门上，感受它是否很热。根据“t feel if it was...”及备选词汇可知，此处指感受门是否很热，ht“热的”符合语境。故填ht。
49．句意：我们当时只在二楼，下面是沙滩，所以我们跳了下去。根据“n ”及备选词汇可知，此处表示在二楼，tw“二”符合语境，the+序数词+flr表示“在……楼”，tw的序数词为secnd。故填secnd。
50．句意：幸运的是，大楼里的所有人都平安。根据“..., everyne in the building was OK.”及备选词汇可知，此处表达幸运的是，大家都没事。luck“幸运的”符合语境，此处应用其副词luckily修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Luckily。
51．ninetieth 52．had 53．a 54．any 55．playing 56．but 57．with 58．the ldest 59．my 60．cheerfully
【导语】本文主要讲述了九十岁的张先生在生日上说的话。
51．句意：昨天这个时候，张先生正在家里庆祝他的九十岁生日。根据“his…(ninety) birthday”可知，此处应该用序数词表示顺序。故填ninetieth。
52．句意：大多数人一生中都会换房子，但我从记事起就一直住在这所房子里。根据“but I have been living in this huse since I…(have) memry”可知，主句是现在完成时，since引导的从句部分用一般过去时，have的过去式是had。故填had。
53．句意：大多数的时间它都是一个快乐的地方。根据“it has been…happy place.”可知，此处应该填不定冠词表泛指，happy以辅音音素开头，应该用a修饰。故填a。
54．句意：那时，没有汽车，也没有噪音。此处是否定句。sme应该改为any。故填any。
55．句意：所有的孩子都喜欢在路上玩。enjy ding sth.“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填playing。
56．句意：一些孩子仍然这样做，但不一样了。根据“Sme children still d, …it’s nt the same”可知，此处表示转折，应该用but连接。故填but。
57．句意：现在的交通状况你得非常小心。根据“yu’ve gt t be very careful nwadays…the traffic”可知，现在的交通状况下需要非常小心，介词with符合题意。故填with。
58．句意：我现在是这条街上最老的男人了。根据“in this street”可知，应该用最高级，ld的最高级是ldest，最高级前通常加the。故填the ldest。
59．句意：我有我的孩子和孙子，你们是我的一切。根据“…children and my grandchildren”可知，空后有名词，此处应该用形容词性物主代词my。故填my。
60．句意：每个人都兴高采烈地对张先生说“生日快乐”。此空修饰动词said，应该用副词。故填cheerfully。
61．例文
Dear Cindy,
My name is Li Ming. I knw yur truble and I understand hw yu felt when yu had a bad relatinship with yur family. I put myself in yur shes and I want t give yu sme advice.
Firstly, yu said yur brther was s nisy that yu culdn’t study at all. In fact, he just wanted t play with yu. Why nt give him sme tys t play with and tell him yu can play with him after yu finish yur hmewrk? Secndly, yu think it’s unfair f yur parents t deal with yu tw. Hw abut trying telling them abut yur feelings and asking them t take yur brther ut when yu are studying? I think they will understand yu and take yur advice.
Enjy yur family life! I’m sure yu will feel lucky t have a brther.
Yurs,
Li Ming
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容开导Cindy并给出建议，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍自己并表明意图；
第二步，就Cindy的问题给出建议；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①had a bad relatinship with和……关系不好
②put myself in yur shes设身处地为你想
③In fact事实上
④deal with处理
[高分句型]
①Firstly, yu said yur brther was s nisy that yu culdn’t study at all.（引导的结果状语从句）
②I’m sure yu will feel lucky t have a brther.（省略that的宾语从句）