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270，湖南省常德市汉寿县第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题
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这是一份270，湖南省常德市汉寿县第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了听力选择题，阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw lng has the rain lasted?
A. 6 days.B. 5 days.C. 7 days.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s been raining since Mnday, but the weather reprt says that tmrrw will be clear and sunny. Thank gdness, we can at last say gdbye t the rain.
W: That’s really gd news. Yu knw I always play ftball n Saturday, and I like t play in gd weather.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will Michael d fr hliday?
A. Climb Munt Tai.B. G t the seaside.C. G smewhere near.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Michael, have yu decided what yu are ding fr hliday?
M: It depends. I’d like t climb Munt Tai, but my parents prefer spending it at the seaside.
W: Since we nly have a three-day hliday, I suggest ging smewhere near.
M: Well, I’ll fllw my parents’ advice.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What makes Lucy unhappy?
A. Her English test.B. Her new hairstyle.C. Her friends'cmments.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】W: What’s wrng with Lucy? She seems unhappy. Did she fail the English test? Or she dislikes her hairstyle?
M: Neither. She desn’t want any cmments n her haircut frm her friends.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?您看到的资料都源自我们平台，20多万份最新小初高试卷，家威鑫 MXSJ663 免费下载 A. At a bus statin.B. At a train statin.C. At an airprt.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: The annuncement said passengers waiting t bard shuld g t the ticket cunter. I’ve gt t g.
W: I’ll be seeing yu. Have a smth flight.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Headmaster and teacher.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Srry, Miss Green. I failed yur subject again but I really tried my best.
W: N ne is sure t succeed every time. Cheer up, yung man. Yu will have mre chances.
M: Thank yu, Miss Green. I’ll try harder next time.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where des the man wrk?
A. On a plane.B. In a hspital.C. In a restaurant.
7. What des the man say abut his wrk?
A. Disappinting.B. Well－paid.C. Tiring.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: S hw’s yur new jb ging, David? M: It’s ging really well. I started tw mnths ag, and it’s great. W: Which cuntries are yu flying t? M: Mstly thse in Suth America. W: D yu have time t lk arund different cities? M: I’m t tired after we land. W: Well, I knw yu serve drinks and meals and explain safety rules. What ther duties d yu have? M: Let’s see. We help nervus r sick passengers. We als make sure peple bey the safety rules.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends.B. Parent and child.C. Brther and sister.
9. Hw is the wman feeling abut Mther’s Day?
A. Uncertain.B. Excited.C. Sad.
10. What will the wman’s mther prbably d n Mther’s Day?
A. Have tea at a htel.B. Have beauty treatments.C. Have sme lessns.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: D yu have any plans fr Mther’s Day?
M: Yes, my brther and I are taking my mm and eating her t a meal.
W: Oh, that’s nice. I did smething similar last year. My mm and I went ut fr tea and cakes at a fancy htel in Beijing.
M: What are yu ding this year?
W: Nt sure yet. She’s always wanted t learn traditinal Chinese calligraphy and I’ve fund a great place where she can stay fr a full weekend and take classes.
M: That sunds exciting!
W: But my aunt thinks my mm wuld be sad nt t spend the actual day with me. She’s prbably right. She thinks I shuld take my mm t get beauty treatments, instead. I dn’t knw.
M: Why nt g fr beauty treatments n Mther’s Day itself, and als arrange fr yur mm t have calligraphy lessns anther weekend?
W: Great idea!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. On the train.B. At the meeting.C. In the cmpany.
12. Hw des the man feel at the sight f the wman?
A. Surprised.B. Nervus.C. Unhappy.
13. What d we learn abut the man?
A. He likes trying smething different.
B. He’s been busy with the meeting.
C. He’s cnsidering changing his jb.
【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Aren’t yu ging t say “hell” t me?
M: I beg yur pardn? Susan. My Gsh! Is it really yu?
W: Well, I’m nt a ghst.
M: I’m s glad t see yu. Are yu ging t the meeting, t?
W: Of curse. I didn’t expect t meet yu n this train. I was feeling very nervus abut ging there all by myself.
M: I had n idea yu were cming. Er… what are yu busy with these days?
W: Nthing different. What abut yu? D yu still wrk there? Such yung peple like yu shuld have a bright future!
M: I’m cnsidering wrking smewhere else, but I haven’t decided yet.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What des the man have t d nw?
A. Plan a trip.B. Lk fr a jb.C. Make a decisin.
15. What des the wman think f the jurney t Suth America?
A. Dangerus.B. Exciting.C. Expensive.
16. What advice des the wman give t the man?
A. Ging abrad.B. Staying at hme.C. Opening a bkstre.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Why des Alice dislike flying?
A. The luggage can get lst.
B. The lng wait is unbearable.
C. The seats are uncmfrtable.
18. Which means f transprtatin des Alice like best nw?
A. A bike.B. A bus.C. A train.
19. What is the relatinship between Jeff and Alice?
A. Husband and wife.B. Brther and sister.C. Father and daughter
20. What is the disadvantage f cycling in Jack’s pinin?
A. It is extremely tiring.
B. It requires physical fitness.
C. It is greatly affected by weather.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: What’s yur favrite means f transprtatin, Jack?
M: Oh, Alice, there’s n dubt that it is a plane. It’s the mst cmfrtable and yu get treated very well. Yur luggage gets taken care f.
W: I can’t say I like it. Actually I think the biggest disadvantage in air travel is that yur luggage can disappear and be sent all ver the wrld.
M: Well, nt in my experience. Sme peple may have the lng wait, lking at the bard and waiting fr their flight. But I’m a fan. What’s yur favrite means f transprtatin?
W: Well, I used t like taking a bus best. It’s flexible and cheap. But it is nt always reliable frm f transprtatin. Nw I’m a great fan f rail travel. I’ve gt a rail card and it lets me g wherever I want.
M: But it’s slw.
W: Yes, but yu’d hardly want t fly fr a very shrt distance. My husband, Jeff, is a believer in exercise. He cycles everywhere. I knw smetimes he’s very tired but he’s pretty fit.
M: I was just ging t say hw cld he’d feel and wet n cld, rainy days.
二、阅读理解
Yur 2018 Reading List, Prvided by Bill Gates
Mst f us can’t live like billinaire Micrsft c-funder Bill Gates, but we can read like him. Gates recmmended fur bks in 2018—thugh sme were published earlier.
Lenard da Vinci, by Walter Isaacsn (2017)
The bestselling bigrapher f Steve Jbs and Albert Einstein researched deeply int da Vinci’s cntributins beynd art, highlighting the breadth f his scientific, technlgical, and creative utput. “Lenard nearly understd almst all f what was knwn n the planet at the time. That’s mstly because f his curisity abut every area f natural science and the human experience,” said Gates.
The Best We Culd D: An Illustrated Memir, by Thi Bui (2017)
Gates calls this graphic nvel “really impressive”. Bui is the daughter f Vietnamese refugees wh came t America after the fall f Saign, and becming a parent inspired her t lk int her wn parents’ miserable histry. “I was struck by hw the experiences Bui illustrates manage t be bth universal and specific t their circumstances,” said Gates.
Lincln in the Bard, by Gerge Saunders (2018)
Saunders, a lng-time shrt stry writer, wn high praise fr this nvel. The bk imagines the ghsts that haunt (萦绕) the basement f Willie Lincln, Abraham Lincln’s sn, wh died at 11 in real life. “Willie’s death after the Civil War made the president have a new understanding f the grief he’s creating in ther families by sending their sns ff t die in battle,” said Gates.
Origin Stry: A Big Histry f Everything, by David Christian (2018)
This new bk is by the creatr f Big Histry, a free, nline scial studies curse. It traces histry in wide, sweeping mvements, starting with the Big Bang, and it prvides, in effect, a shrt curse in mdern science. This is a brief histry f the universe. “David gets a little stuck n the current ecnmic and plitical prblems in the West, and I wish he talked mre abut the rle innvatin will play in preventing the wrst effects f climate change,” said Gates.
21. Which bks refer t the field f science?
A. Origin Stry and Lenard da Vinci.
B. Lincln in the Bard and Origin Stry.
C. Lenard da Vinci and The Best We Culd D.
D. The Best We Culd D and Lincln in the Bard.
22. If yu are interested in thrillers, whse bk will yu mst prbably chse?
A. Walter Isaacsn.B. Thi Bui.
C. Gerge Saunders.D. David Christian.
23. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A. The Best We Culd D is an autbigraphy.
B. Lincln in the Bard has been warmly received.
C. David Christian talks much abut the part that innvatin will play.
D. Readers can nly read abut Lenard da Vinci’s cntributins twards art.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了由比尔盖茨在2018年推荐的四本书，这四本书包括：Lenard da Vinci, The Best We Culd D: An Illustrated Memir, Lincln in the Bard,以及Origin Stry: A Big Histry f Everything。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第二句“it prvides, in effect, a shrt curse in mdern science.”可知Origin Stry 这本书提供了一门现代科学的短期课程，涉及到了科学领域，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段的第二句“The bk imagines the ghsts that haunt (萦绕) the basement f Willie Lincln”可知Lincln in the Bard, by Gerge Saunders这本书是属于惊悚题材的，故对惊悚小说感兴趣可以读本书，可以去阅读Gerge Saunders的书，故选C。
【23题详解】
判断推理题根据倒数第二段第一句“Saunders, a lng-time shrt stry writer, wn high praise fr this nvel.”可知Saunders凭借 Lincln in the Bard赢得了高度赞扬，可推理Lincln in the Bard这本书很受欢迎。故选B。
Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that dctrs shuld smetimes advise small increases in activity instead. They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beynd the reach f sme peple — particularly lder individuals. And striving t reach these gals culd mean the benefits f lighter exercise are verlked. But public health fficials say current recmmendatins have prven benefits in lwering the risk f heart disease.
There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked t heart disease, Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病) and sme types f cancer. UK guidelines fr adults recmmend at least tw-and-a-half hurs f mderate activity a week, in shrt perids f 10 minutes r mre.
But in tw separate articles in the BMJ, experts argue the message needs t change, with greater emphasis n making inactive peple mve mre. Prf Philipe de Sut Barret at the University Hspital f Tuluse, advises peple wh are sedentary(久坐的) t make small incremental increases in their activity levels — rather than pushing t achieve current gals. He pints t previus studies which shw even shrt perids f walking r just 20 minutes f vigrus activity a few times a mnth can reduce the risk f death, cmpared t peple wh d n exercise.
In the secnd article, Prf Phillip Sparking f the Gergia Institute f Technlgy, says dctrs shuld tailr their advice — particularly fr lder patients. He suggests using GP visits fr peple ver 60 t discuss "realistic ptins" t increase activity — such as getting peple t stand up and mve during TV cmmercial breaks.
Prf Kevin Fentn at Public Health England, says: "Everyne needs t be active every day — shrt perids f 10 r mre minutes f physical activity have prven health benefits, but getting 150 minutes r mre f mderate activity every week is the amunt we need t psitively impact n a wide range f health cnditins. "This includes reducing the risk f heart disease and type 2 diabetes."
24. What is the current exercise gal mentined in the passage?
A. 10-minute exercise.B. 20-minute exercise.
C. 60-minute exercise.D. 150-minute exercise.
25. What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A. A 10-minute exercise has little effect n the health.
B. Heart diseases happen easily t the ld in activity.
C. Tw-and-a-half hurs f exercise is nt necessary.
D. Inactivity easily brings abut many serius diseases.
26. What is the suggestin f Prf. Philipe de Sut Barret accrding t the third paragraph?
A. Peple shuld spend less time n exercise.
B. Peple shuld lwer their activity levels.
C. Peple shuld increase exercise prperly.
D. Peple shuld achieve their current gals.
27. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut current exercise guidelines?
A. They are impractical.B. They are reasnable.
C. They have n effect n us.D. They are ppular with peple.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述了人们当前对于运动量的不同意见。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段第一句话提出了当前的运动量是不切实际的，第二句话又进一步强调每周150分钟的运动量是人们很难达到的，故目前的运动建议量为150分钟。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked t heart disease, Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）and sme types f cancer.可知，不活动与心脏病，糖尿病以及部分癌症有关，也就是不活动可能会导致心脏病，糖尿病以及部分癌症。故D项正确。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Prf Philipe de Sut Barret at the University Hspital f Tuluse, advises peple wh are sedentary（久坐的） t make small incremental increases in their activity levels - rather than pushing t achieve current gals.可知，他建议应该久坐的人应该逐步小幅增加他们的运动量，而不是一下子达到目前的目标。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章的前两句可以看出，作者使用了unrealistic，beynd the reach f sme peple等词汇，所以是不切实际的。故选A。
【名师点睛】
细节理解题有以下五类：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上充分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。
如此题中四小题结尾细节理解题。
What is the current exercise gal mentined in the passage?为对应型，可以直接定位信息在第一段：Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that dctrs shuld smetimes advise small increases in activity instead. They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beynd the reach f sme peple — particularly lder individuals.
What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?为对应型，可以直接定位信息在第二段第一句话。
What is the suggestin f Prf. Philipe de Sut Barret accrding t the third paragraph?为语言转述型。根据第三段Prf Philipe de Sut Barret at the University Hspital f Tuluse, advises peple wh are sedentary（久坐的） t make small incremental increases in their activity levels - rather than pushing t achieve current gals.可以总结出他的建议。
Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut current exercise guidelines? 为是非辨别型。根据文章的前两句可以看出作者使用了unrealistic，beynd the reach f sme peple等词汇，所以是不切实际的。BCD项不符合文章事实。
Americans like t visit the natinal parks. In 1996, ver 250,000,000 peple visited areas which are managed by the Natinal Park Service. Experts say that by 2012, 500,000,000 peple per year will visit the parks. As a result, peple are trying t think f ways t prtect the parks frm the crwds.
The crwding f the parks has caused several prblems. One is that there is nt enugh space fr all f the peple wh want t use the parks. T deal with this prblem, yu may have t bk yur tickets a few mnths ahead f time. The Park Service may als raise entrance fees (费) .
Anther prblem caused by increased park use is pllutin. Sme garbage and waste can be cleaned up, and the cleanup can be paid fr by increased entrance fees. T cut dwn n nise pllutin and air pllutin, the number f cars allwed in parks may be limited. If this happens, peple may use buses t travel arund the parks. Officials may als limit the use f jet-skis, snw- mbiles, mtr-bats, and sightseeing helicpters and planes.
The parks may als be in danger because f develpment that is ging n arund them. Fr example, arund Yellw Stne Park, many htels, glf curses, resrts, and ther turist attractins have been built. Sme f these develpments have effect n areas that are used by animals. Peple will have t learn t agree abut ways t prtect the parks. If they d nt, there will sn be n reasn t visit these natinal treasures.
28. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the text?
A. Visitrs will pay less than befre.
B. The parks are nt big enugh t hld all visitrs.
C. Visitrs may nt necessarily buy tickets ahead f time.
D. Only buses are allwed t enter the parks.
29. Entrance fees may be increased ________.
A. because the Natinal Park Service are shrt f mney
B. nly fr the develpment f the natinal parks
C. t prtect the animals
D. mainly t limit the number f visitrs
30. What is the mst pssible meaning f the underlined wrd “limited” in Paragraph 3?
A. Enlarged.B. Admitted.C. Cntrlled.D. Cncerned.
31. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. High fees may prbably keep sme peple ut f parks.
B. Helicpters and planes will nt be used in parks any lnger.
C. The bus will becme the nly tl in parks in rder t cut dwn pllutin.
D. Natinal Park Service will always welcme as many visitrs as pssible.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是：在美国，太多人参观国家公园带来的问题以及相应的对策。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“The crwding f the parks has caused several prblems. One is that there is nt enugh space fr all f the peple wh want t use the parks. （公园的拥挤造成了几个问题。 一个是没有足够的空间来容纳所有想要使用公园的人）”可知，对于想要使用公园的人来说，公园的空间是不足的。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“One is that there is nt enugh space fr all f the peple wh want t use the parks. T deal with this prblem, yu may have t bk yur tickets a few mnths ahead f time. The Park Service may als raise entrance fees（一个是没有足够的空间来容纳所有想要使用公园的人。 为了解决这个问题，你可能需要提前几个月订票。 公园管理局也可能提高门票费用）”可知，提高门票的费用主要是为了限制游客的数量。故选D项。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据句意和句中的短语cut dwn n（削减，减少）以及the number f cars可知，划线词limited的意义为“被限制；被控制”。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“One is that there is nt enugh space fr all f the peple wh want t use the parks. T deal with this prblem, yu may have t bk yur tickets a few mnths ahead f time. The Park Service may als raise entrance fees（一个是没有足够的空间来容纳所有想要使用公园的人。 为了解决这个问题，你可能需要提前几个月订票。 公园管理局也可能提高门票费用）”可以推出，公园的门票费用高了，一些人可能就不去公园了。故选A项。
When a leafy plant is under attack, it desn't sit quietly. Back in 1983,tw scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reprted that yung maple trees (枫树) getting bitten by insects send ut a particular smell that neighbring plants can get. These chemicals cme frm the injured parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm. What the plants send thrugh the air is a mixture f chemicals knwn as vlatile rganic cmpunds,VOCs fr shrt.
Scientists have fund that all kinds f plants give ut VOCs when being attacked. It's a plant's way f crying ut. But is anyne listening? Obviusly. Because we can watch the neighbrs react.
Sme plants give ut smelly chemicals t keep insects away. But thers d duble duty. They give ut smells designed t attract different insects wh are natural enemies t the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker wh was launching nw becmes lunch.
In study after study, it appears that these chemical cnversatins help the neighbrs. The damage is usually mre serius n the first plant, but the neighbrs, relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what t d.
Des this mean that plants talk-t-each-ther? Scientists dn't knw. Maybe the first plant just made a cry f pain r was sending a message t its wn branches, and s in effect,was talking t itself. Perhaps the neighbrs just happened t "verhear” the cry. S infrmatin was exchanged,but it wasn’t a true, intentinal back and frth.
Charles Darwin, ver 150 years ag,imagined a wrld far busier, nisier and mre intimate (亲密的) than the wrld we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There's a whle lt ging n.
32. What des a plant d when it is under attack?
A. It makes nises.B. It stands quietly.
C. It gets help frm ther plants.D. It sends ut certain chemicals.
33. What will happen when the attackers' natural enemies arrive?
A. The attackers will get attacked
B. The insects will gather under the table.
C. The plants will get ready t fight back.
D. The attackers will give ut smelly chemicals.
34. Scientists find frm their studies that plants can_______
A. talk t ne anther n purpse
B. warn peple f a cming danger
C. prtect themselves against insects
D. help their neighbrs wh are under attack
35. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. The wrld is changing faster than ever.
B. Peple have strnger senses than befre.
C. We dn't fully understand the wrld.
D. Peple in Darwin's time were mre imaginative
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，当多叶植物受到攻击时，它们不会坐以待毙，会发出VOCs，以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“reprted that yung maple trees (枫树) getting bitten by insects send ut a particular smell that neighbring plants can get. These chemicals cme frm the injured parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm. (据报道，幼小的枫树被昆虫咬伤后会散发出邻近植物能够闻到的特殊气味。这些化学物质来自工厂受损的部分，似乎是一种警报)”可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker wh was launching nw becmes lunch. (一旦它们到达，局面就会逆转，攻击者现在变成了午餐)”可知，当攻击者的天敌到来时，攻击者则会成为天敌的午餐，即就会成为被攻击的对象。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题，根据倒数第三段“In study after study, it appears that these chemical cnversatins help the neighbrs. The damage is usually mre serius n the first plant, but the neighbrs, relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what t d. (在一个又一个的研究中，似乎这些化学对话帮助了邻居们。第一个植物的损失通常更严重，但相对而言，邻居们更安全，因为他们听到了警报，知道该怎么做)”可知，植物在必要的时候会通过分泌化学物质，通知周围的植物保持警惕，即植物会保护自己而免遭昆虫的侵扰。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“imagined a wrld far busier, nisier and mre intimate (亲密的) than the wrld we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whle lt ging n.(想象一个比我们看到和听到的世界更繁忙，更嘈杂，更亲密的世界。我们的感官很脆弱。有很多事在发生)”可知，这个世界远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密，我们认知能力有限，有很多事仍在继续发生，远比我们想象的要复杂。故选C。
Sciety tells us that yu can’t teach an ld dg new tricks. But it desn’t have t be that way. A new study published in Human Develpment pints ut that using a childlike way f learning can help peple f any age take n and deal with new difficult tasks. ___36___.
Venture (冒险) utside yur cmfrt zne. As adults, we tend t use similar skills day in and day ut: We take jbs in fields we’ re already gd at, drive n the same rads t the same places, and fall int rutines we re cmfrtable with. ___37___ Changing t smething mre difficult may have mre cgnitive benefits.
___38___ A fear f making mistakes is anther reasn why adults are s slw t learn new things; if we try and fail, we can face criticism, lse mney, r get fired. That’s why it’s imprtant t build up a supprt netwrk f peple — at wrk and at hme — wh allw yu t make mistakes and learn frm them.
Make a serius cmmitment and dn’t give up. ___39___ If yu can affrd it, spending mney n a new gal — fr example, bking a trip t Rme t practice yur Italian — might als make it harder t just give up.
Learn mre than ne thing at nce. We tend t pay attentin t ne hbby r ne skill. But dividing that time and energy int three r fur areas will stretch yur brain in all different directins. ___40___ Fr example, maybe yu started learning a new language last year, and this year yu add singing lessns, and next year yu try smething else. Yu can add things gradually t what yu can handle.
A. Turn t yur friends and family.
B. The fllwing ways will d the trick.
C. Surrund yurself with encuraging peple and n fear fr mistakes.
D. Telling friends abut yur new gal can help keep yu mtivated.
E. But all this similar rutine limits the parts f the brain that we’re using regularly.
F. That desn’t mean yu shuld start all the new hbbies all at nce, thugh.
G. S feeling cmfrtable can reduce stress and make yu happier and mre prductive.
【答案】36. B 37. E 38. C 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个让任何年龄的人都能够接受和迎接新的挑战的方法。
【36题详解】
根据空前的“A new study published in Human Develpment pints ut that using a childlike way f learning can help peple f any age take n and deal with new difficult tasks.(发表在《人类发展》杂志上的一项新研究指出，使用孩子般的学习方式可以帮助任何年龄的人承担和处理新的困难任务)”可知，发表在《人类发展》杂志上的一项新研究指出，使用孩子般的学习方法可以帮助任何年龄的人接受和迎接新的挑战；文章下文详细介绍了让任何年龄的人都能够接受和迎接新的挑战的方法；设空处应该用一个过渡句引出这些方法，B项“The fllwing ways will d the trick.(下面的策略会奏效)”符合语境。故选B。
【37题详解】
上文“As adults, we tend t use similar skills day in and day ut: We take jbs in fields we’re already gd at, drive n the same rads t the same places, and fall int rutines we re cmfrtable with.(作为成年人，我们倾向于日复一日地使用类似的技能：我们从事我们已经擅长的领域的工作，在同样的道路上开车去同样的地方，并陷入我们习以为常的日常生活中)”指出作为成年人，我们每日做着类似的日常活动，使用类似的技能；下文“Changing t smething mre difficult may have mre cgnitive benefits.(改变更困难的东西可能对认知有更多的好处)”指出做出改变走出舒适区去挑战更难的事情对认知有更多的好处；由此可知，设空处阐述重复使用类似的技能与一成不变的习惯对我们的影响；E选项“But all this similar rutine limits the parts f the brain that we’re using regularly.(但所有这些类似的日常活动限制了我们经常使用的大脑部分)”阐述类似的日常活动限制了认知能力的发展，符合语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
此处为本段主题句，根据本段内容，特别是“That’s why it’s imprtant t build up a supprt netwrk f peple — at wrk and at hme — wh allw yu t make mistakes and learn frm them.(这就是为什么建立一个由工作和家庭中的人组成的支持网络很重要，他们可以允许你犯错误并从中吸取教训)”可知，本段讲的是要和支持你的人在一起，他们让你不害怕犯错误并能够从错误中吸取教训，C项“Surrund yurself with encuraging peple and n fear fr mistakes.(和鼓励你的人在一起，不要害怕犯错)”建议结交能够给人以鼓励的人且不要害怕犯错，符合本段主旨。故选C。
【39题详解】
由上文“Make a serius cmmitment and dn’t give up.(做出认真的承诺，不要放弃)”可知，本段主要阐述要做一个严肃的承诺且不要放弃；下文“If yu can affrd it, spending mney n a new gal — fr example, bking a trip t Rme t practice yur Italian — might als make it harder t just give up.(如果你负担得起，把钱花在一个新的目标上——比如，预定一次去罗马的旅行来练习意大利语——可能也会让你更难放弃)”举例说明如何设置一个让自己难以放弃的目标；D项“Telling friends abut yur new gal can help keep yu mtivated.(告诉朋友你的新目标可以帮助你保持动力)”举例说明如何让自己设置目标并能够坚持下去，选项中的“new gal”与上文中的“cmmitment”以及下文中的“new gal”相呼应；由此可知，D选项符合语境。故选D。
【40题详解】
下文“Fr example, maybe yu started learning a new language last year, and this year yu add singing lessns, and next year yu try smething else. Yu can add things gradually t what yu can handle.(例如，也许你去年开始学习一门新语言，今年你增加了唱歌课程，明年你尝试其他的东西。你可以逐渐增加你能处理的事情)”举例说明不必一下子开始所有的新尝试，可以循序渐进根据自己的能力逐步添加内容；F选项“That desn’t mean yu shuld start all the new hbbies all at nce, thugh.(但这并不意味着你应该一次开始所有的新爱好)”与上文“But dividing that time and energy int three r fur areas will stretch yur brain in all different directins. (但是把时间和精力分成三到四个领域会让你的大脑向各个不同的方向伸展)”构成转折关系，指出尽管把时间和精力分成三到四个领域会让大脑不同方面得到发展，但是并不意味着要立刻开始尝试所有的爱好，选项中的“That”指代上文阐述的内容；由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。
三、完形填空
Sme peple think they need t change hw they lk r act t feel gd abut themselves. ____41____ , all yu need t d is t change the way yu see yur bdy and hw yu think abut yurself.
The first thing t d is t ____42____ that yur bdy is yur wn, n matter what shape, size, r clur it cmes in. If yu are very ____43____ abut yur weight r size, check with yur dctr t make sure that things are OK. But it is nbdy else’s ____44____ but yur wn what yur bdy is like—in the end, yu have t be ____45____ with yurself.
Next, identify which aspects f yur ____46____ yu can realistically change and which yu can’t. Everyne, even the mst perfect-seeming celebrity (名人), has things abut themselves that they can’t change and need t ____47____ like their height r their she size.
If there are things abut yurself that yu want t change and can, d this by making ____48____ fr yurself. Fr example, if yu want t get ____49____ , make a plan t exercise every day and eat nutritius fds. Then keep track f yur prgress until yu reach yur gal.
Meeting a(n) ____50____ yu set fr yurself is a great way t bst self-esteem (自尊) !
When yu hear ____51____ remarks cming frm within yurself, tell yurself t stp. Try ____52____ yur self-esteem by giving yurself three cmpliments (称赞) every day. Every evening, list three things in yur day that really gave yu ____53____ . It can be anything frm the way the sun felt n yur face, the sund f yur ____54____ band, t the way smene laughed at yur jkes. By ____55____ the gd things yu d and the psitive aspects f yur life, yu can change hw yu feel abut yurself.
41. A. FurthermreB. HweverC. TherefreD. As a result
42. A. maintainB. avidC. recgnizeD. ensure
43. A. satisfiedB. crazyC. curiusD. wrried
44. A. businessB. firmC. effrtD. effect
45. A. disappintedB. cnfusedC. happyD. amazed
46. A. appearanceB. abilityC. ambitinD. analysis
47. A. refuseB. applyC. preserveD. accept
48. A. mistakesB. wndersC. galsD. examples
49. A. fixedB. fitC. invlvedD. faint
50. A. pprtunityB. trubleC. interestD. challenge
51. A. usefulB. intelligentC. negativeD. desperate
52. A. abandningB. buildingC. damagingD. attracting
53. A. pleasureB. wrryC. signalsD. impressin
54. A. wnB. favuriteC. privateD. experimental
55. A. fixing nB. insisting nC. depending nD. fcusing n
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。有些人认为他们需要改变自己的外表或行为来让自己感觉良好，然而，你所需要做的就是改变你看待自己身体的方式，以及你对自己的看法。文章就如何改变看待自己身体的方式，以及对自己的看法提出了建议。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，你所需要做的就是改变你看待自己身体的方式，以及你对自己的看法。A. Furthermre此外；B. Hwever然而；C. Therefre因此；D. As a result结果。上文“Sme peple think they need t change hw they lk r act t feel gd abut themselves. (有些人认为他们需要改变自己的外表或行为来让自己感觉良好。)”和下文“all yu need t d is t change the way yu see yur bdy and hw yu think abut yurself. (你所需要做的就是改变你看待自己身体的方式，以及你对自己的看法。)”是转折关系，应用hwever。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先要做的是认识到你的身体是你自己的，不管它是什么体形、大小或颜色。A. maintain维持；B. avid避免；C. recgnize识别；认识；D. ensure确保。由下文“that yur bdy is yur wn, n matter what shape, size, r clur it cmes in”可知，我们要认识到身体是自己的，故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 如果你非常担心自己的体重或体型，请与医生联系，确保一切正常。A. satisfied满意的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. curius好奇的；D. wrried担忧的。由下文“check with yur dctr t make sure that things are OK”可知，如果你担心自己的体重或体型，你要与医生联系，确保一切正常，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，你的身体是什么样子，这不是别人的事，而是你自己的事——最终，你必须对自己感到满意。A. business生意；事情；B. firm公司；C. effrt努力；D. effect效果。由上文“yur bdy is yur wn”可知，身体是自己的，与别人无关，即不关别人的事，故选A。
45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，你的身体是什么样子，这不是别人的事，而是你自己的事——最终，你必须对自己感到满意。A. disappinted失望的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. happy高兴的；D. amazed惊讶的。由下文“with yurself”可知，身体是自己的，我们最终要做到对自己满意，be happy with固定搭配，意为“对……满意”，故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来，确定你外表的哪些方面可以切实改变，哪些不可以。A. appearance外貌；B. ability能力；C. ambitin雄心；D. analysis分析。 由下文“yu can realistically change and which yu can’t”可知，此处指确定你外表的哪些方面可以切实改变，哪些不可以，故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人，甚至是最完美的名人，都有自己无法改变的东西，他们需要接受自己无法改变的东西，比如他们的身高或鞋码。A. refuse拒绝；B. apply申请；C. preserve保存；D. accept接受。由上文“Everyne, even the mst perfect-seeming celebrity (名人), has things abut themselves that they can’t change”可知，甚至是最完美的名人，都有自己无法改变的东西，所以他们要接受自己无法改变的东西。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你想改变自己的某些方面，并且你可以做到，那么就为自己制定目标。A. mistakes错误；B. wnders奇迹；C. gals目标；D. examples例子。由下文“Then keep track f yur prgress until yu reach yur gal.”可知，此处指制定目标，gal属于同词复现，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你想变得健康，制定一个计划，每天锻炼和吃有营养的食物。A. fixed固定的；B. fit健康的；C. invlved参与的；D. faint模糊的。由下文“make a plan t exercise every day and eat nutritius fds”可知，每天锻炼和吃有营养的食物是为了变得健康，故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：迎接你为自己设定的挑战是提升自尊心的好方法。A. pprtunity机会；B. truble麻烦；C. interest兴趣；D. challenge挑战。由下文“yu set fr yurself is a great way t bst self-esteem(自尊) !”可知，迎接你为自己设定的挑战是提升自尊心的好方法。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你听到来自内心的负面评论时，告诉自己停下来。A. useful有用的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. negative消极的；D. desperate绝望地。由下文“tell yurself t stp”和“by giving yurself three cmpliments (称赞) every day.”提到的我们要赞美自己可知，当你听到来自内心的负面评论时，要告诉自己停下来，故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：试着通过每天给自己三次赞美来建立你的自尊。A. abandning遗弃；B. building建造；建立；C. damaging损害；D. attracting吸引。由下文“yur self-esteem by giving yurself three cmpliments (称赞) every day.”可知，通过赞美来建立你的自尊，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，列出你一天中真正给你带来快乐的三件事。A. pleasure快乐；B. wrry担忧；C. signals信号；D. impressin印象。下文“It can be anything frm the way the sun felt n yur face, the sund f yur____14____band, t the way smene laughed at yur jkes. ”列举了一些使你快乐的事，所以此处指列出你一天中真正给你带来快乐的三件事，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它可以是任何东西，从太阳照在你脸上的感觉，你最喜欢的乐队的声音，到有人因你的笑话而发笑的方式。A. wn自己的；B. favurite最喜欢的；C. private私有的；D. experimental实验的。上文指出要列出你一天中真正给你带来快乐的三件事，此处举例子来说明，即听到你最喜欢的乐队唱歌，这会让人开心，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：通过专注于你做的好事和你生活中积极的方面，你可以改变你对自己的感觉。A. fixing n修理；B. insisting n坚持；C. depending n依靠；D. fcusing n集中于；专注于。由下文“the gd things yu d and the psitive aspects f yur life, yu can change hw yu feel abut yurself.”可知，专注于你做的好事和你生活中积极的方面，这样你可以改变你对自己的感觉。故选D。
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Medicine Fd
Medicine fd is a unique cking style in Chinese cuisine. It is ____56____ perfect cmbinatin f Chinese cking and traditinal Chinese medicine t get the effects f health keeping. It is als a skillful ____57____ (apply) f the yin and yang (阴阳) thery ____58____ (strengthen) the functin f fd and herbs.
The Chinese srt each type f vegetable and meat in terms f yin and yang, and cmbine vegetables with meat, ____59____ will make each cked dish balanced.
During the 5th century BC, cks created cuisines with medical values and develped Chinese art f cking, ____60____ (use) the nature f fd t balance the diet. There were rules n hw t arrange daily diet and lists f certain herbs and vegetables that were ____61____ (benefit) t the bdy.
In the Sng Dynasty, ____62____ was recrded that many diseases culd be cured thrugh prper diets. Different fds were srted accrding t their riginal nature. Cld fds ____63____ (believe) t remve fever while warm fds reduce running nses.
Knwing the nature f individual fds ____64____ (enable) the Chinese t eat right fd t prtect varieties f inside rgans and balance the yin and yang f the bdy. Fr example, sur fd eases sme disrders. _____65_____ (slight) sweet fd relieves illness related t the veins and bitter fd helps t cure an verheated bdy.
【答案】56. a 57. applicatin
58. t strengthen
59. which 60. using
61. beneficial
62. it 63. were believed
64. enables
65. Slightly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍药膳。它是中国烹饪和传统中药的完美结合，达到保健的效果。
【56题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：它是中国烹饪和传统中药的完美结合，达到保健的效果。此处泛指“一种完美的结合”，其中perfect是以辅音音素开头的词，前面加不定冠词a。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：这也是对阴阳理论的巧妙运用，以增强食物和草药的功能。根据空前的形容词和不定冠词a可知，此处用单数名词；所给动词apply的名词形式是applicatin。故填applicatin。
【58题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这也是对阴阳理论的巧妙运用，以增强食物和草药的功能。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填t strengthen。
【59题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国人根据阴阳对各种蔬菜和肉类进行分类，并将蔬菜和肉类结合起来，这样每道菜都能达到平衡。该空引导非限制性定语从句，前面整个句子作先行词，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：公元前5世纪，厨师们创造了具有医学价值的菜肴，并发展了中国的烹饪艺术，利用食物的性质来平衡饮食。逻辑主语cks与动词use是主谓关系，用现在分词（ding）表主动，作伴随状语。故填using。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有关于如何安排日常饮食的规则，以及某些对身体有益的草药和蔬菜的清单。固定搭配：be beneficial t，意为“有益于”，其中be动词后面用形容词作表语。故填beneficial。
【62题详解】
考查形式主语。句意：在宋代，据记载，许多疾病都可以通过适当的饮食来治愈。此处it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。故填it。
【63题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：冷的食物被认为可以退烧，而热的食物则可以减少流鼻涕。根据In the Sng Dynasty可知，句子在描述过去发生的事情；句子主语Cld fds是复数形式，和谓语动词believe之间是被动关系，是一般过去时的被动语态。故填were believed。
【64题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人吃正确的食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：微甜的食物可以缓解与静脉有关的疾病，苦味的食物有助于治疗身体过热。句中sweet是形容词，由副词修饰，副词作状语，且位于句子开头，首字母用大写。故填Slightly。
五、书面表达
66. 假设你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“My Best Friend”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.简要介绍你最喜欢的朋友；
2.说明你喜欢他/她的原因；
3.朋友在我们生活中重要性。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
My Best Friend
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My Best Friend
It’s true that everyne has his r her best friend. My best friend is Li Ping, wh is a lively and easy-ging girl in my class. Nt nly des she d well in her academic subjects, but she is als ready t help thers.
Undubtedly, what brings us tgether are cmmn interests and hbbies. There are tw things that we enjy ding tgether: reading literary wrks and listening t classical music. Mre imprtantly, we share similar views n life and the wrld arund us.
As emtinal creatures, we human beings need family affectin as well as friendship. Withut friends, ur life wuld be like a wild desert.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“My Best Friend”为题，写一篇短文参加学校正在组织的英语作文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活泼的：lively → active
在……方面干得好：d well in → be gd at
看法：view → pinin
帮助：help → aid/assist
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：As emtinal creatures, we human beings need family affectin as well as friendship.
拓展句：As emtinal creatures, we human beings nt nly need family affectin, but als need friendship.
【点睛】[高分句型1] My best friend is Li Ping, wh is a lively and easy-ging girl in my class. (运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Nt nly des she d well in her academic subjects, but she is als ready t help thers. (运用了部分倒装结构)
67. It was 1939, and the Great Depressin had made all ur lives much harder. But we didn’t knw hw pr we were until ur father sat my brther and me dwn n the cuch in ur living rm t have a talk.
I will always remember the sad lk in Father’s eyes as he stared dwn at his hands, rubbing them back and frth, while he searched fr the wrds t tell us that ur family wasn’t ging t be celebrating Christmas this year.
A mnth later, n Christmas Eve, I lay awake in bed late int the night, trying t talk myself ut f sneaking int ur living rm t see if Santa had cme. I gathered my curage, then tipted dwn the hallway, hping I wuld see the bright sparkling lights f ur Christmas tree standing prudly in the crner f ur living rm, like it did every year.
Instead, I was greeted by my seventeen-year-ld brther, Frank, wh slept n ur living rm cuch. “Hey, little ne, what are yu ding up?” he whispered.
I started t cry “There’s n Christmas tree.”
There wuld be n presents, n singing, n Christmas dinner. It felt like we were the saddest family in the wrld. My disappintment verwhelmed me. I lked frward t Christmas each year. It wasn’t nly the presents. It was that special feeling I gt frm seeing my family happy. We hadn’t been happy in such a lng time.
On Christmas mrning, the sun shne int ur chilly bedrm, waking me up. “Maybe Santa came! Maybe he came!” I suddenly insisted. My eyes searched the living rm, but there was n Christmas tree. I brke int uncntrllable tears.
I ran t Father in tears and threw my arms arund him. “ We aren’t ging t have Christmas this year.”
“Nw, nw, nw, calm dwn. G n in and see yur mther. She will cmfrt yu.” Dad slwly pushed the bedrm dr pen, leading me int the rm.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Out f the crner f my eye, I nticed smething different in the bedrm.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With my questin answered, everything dawned n me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Out f the crner f my eye, I nticed smething different in the bedrm. “Merry Christmas, my dearest child ,”said Mm with her tw warm arms hlding me gently. “What is this in the sparkling bx? D yu want t knw?” Then she put it int my hands and tld me t pen it .Excitedly I uncvered it , in the bx lay a tiny music bx with a small Christmas tree n it. Hw wnderful it lked! “But Dad tld me that it is the Great Depressin nw, and we are living a hard life .Hw culd yu get the mney fr my Christmas gift ?” Mther tld me that she had sld her gld ring .
With my questin answered, everything dawned n me. It was mther’s truest lve fr her dearest child that made her sell her favurite gld ring which had accmpanied her fr a lng time. N mther in the wrld wuld like t disappint her child n such an imprtant day. I kissed Mm n her cheeks saying Merry Christmas t her . That special music bx taught me a lessn—n matter hw tugh the life is , my family wuld face it bravely as lng as there is lve in ur heart.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物情感为线索展开，讲述了作者在美国经济大萧条时期家庭困难没钱买圣诞树过圣诞节的故事。根据原文所述，作者在圣诞节早上醒来没发现一丁点的圣诞节节日迹象后开始失望地哭闹起来，谁知妈妈在卧室里像变戏法一样地送他一份圣诞节礼物，为贫困的家庭带来节日的气息。
【详解】【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在我眼角的余光里，我发现房间里有些不一样的东西。”可知，第一段可描写“不一样的东西”，是什么，它怎么来的以及作者情绪的细微变化。
②由第二段首句内容“我的问题得到回答后，我明白了一切。”可知，第二段可描写作者明白了事情的真相以及得到了什么感悟，从妈妈对孩子的爱和孩子的感激之情入手。
2.续写线索：发现不一样的东西——卖金戒指——音乐盒——提问——感激——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①打开：uncvered it/pened it
②生活艰难：living a hard life/ living a tugh life
③.陪伴：accmpany her/ have its cmpany/be with her
情绪类
①.兴奋：excitedly/ thrilledly
②.勇敢：bravely/curageusly
【点睛】[高分句型1]. That special music bx taught me a lessn—n matter hw tugh the life is , my family wuld face it bravely as lng as there is lve in ur heart.（n matter hw引导的让步状语从句和as lng as引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. It was mther’s truest lve fr her dearest child that made her sell her favurite gld ring which had accmpanied her fr a lng time.（It is …that… 强调句，及由关系代词which引导限制性定语从句）
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw lng has the rain lasted?
A. 6 days.B. 5 days.C. 7 days.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s been raining since Mnday, but the weather reprt says that tmrrw will be clear and sunny. Thank gdness, we can at last say gdbye t the rain.
W: That’s really gd news. Yu knw I always play ftball n Saturday, and I like t play in gd weather.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will Michael d fr hliday?
A. Climb Munt Tai.B. G t the seaside.C. G smewhere near.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Michael, have yu decided what yu are ding fr hliday?
M: It depends. I’d like t climb Munt Tai, but my parents prefer spending it at the seaside.
W: Since we nly have a three-day hliday, I suggest ging smewhere near.
M: Well, I’ll fllw my parents’ advice.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What makes Lucy unhappy?
A. Her English test.B. Her new hairstyle.C. Her friends'cmments.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】W: What’s wrng with Lucy? She seems unhappy. Did she fail the English test? Or she dislikes her hairstyle?
M: Neither. She desn’t want any cmments n her haircut frm her friends.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?您看到的资料都源自我们平台，20多万份最新小初高试卷，家威鑫 MXSJ663 免费下载 A. At a bus statin.B. At a train statin.C. At an airprt.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: The annuncement said passengers waiting t bard shuld g t the ticket cunter. I’ve gt t g.
W: I’ll be seeing yu. Have a smth flight.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Headmaster and teacher.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Srry, Miss Green. I failed yur subject again but I really tried my best.
W: N ne is sure t succeed every time. Cheer up, yung man. Yu will have mre chances.
M: Thank yu, Miss Green. I’ll try harder next time.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where des the man wrk?
A. On a plane.B. In a hspital.C. In a restaurant.
7. What des the man say abut his wrk?
A. Disappinting.B. Well－paid.C. Tiring.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: S hw’s yur new jb ging, David? M: It’s ging really well. I started tw mnths ag, and it’s great. W: Which cuntries are yu flying t? M: Mstly thse in Suth America. W: D yu have time t lk arund different cities? M: I’m t tired after we land. W: Well, I knw yu serve drinks and meals and explain safety rules. What ther duties d yu have? M: Let’s see. We help nervus r sick passengers. We als make sure peple bey the safety rules.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends.B. Parent and child.C. Brther and sister.
9. Hw is the wman feeling abut Mther’s Day?
A. Uncertain.B. Excited.C. Sad.
10. What will the wman’s mther prbably d n Mther’s Day?
A. Have tea at a htel.B. Have beauty treatments.C. Have sme lessns.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: D yu have any plans fr Mther’s Day?
M: Yes, my brther and I are taking my mm and eating her t a meal.
W: Oh, that’s nice. I did smething similar last year. My mm and I went ut fr tea and cakes at a fancy htel in Beijing.
M: What are yu ding this year?
W: Nt sure yet. She’s always wanted t learn traditinal Chinese calligraphy and I’ve fund a great place where she can stay fr a full weekend and take classes.
M: That sunds exciting!
W: But my aunt thinks my mm wuld be sad nt t spend the actual day with me. She’s prbably right. She thinks I shuld take my mm t get beauty treatments, instead. I dn’t knw.
M: Why nt g fr beauty treatments n Mther’s Day itself, and als arrange fr yur mm t have calligraphy lessns anther weekend?
W: Great idea!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. On the train.B. At the meeting.C. In the cmpany.
12. Hw des the man feel at the sight f the wman?
A. Surprised.B. Nervus.C. Unhappy.
13. What d we learn abut the man?
A. He likes trying smething different.
B. He’s been busy with the meeting.
C. He’s cnsidering changing his jb.
【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Aren’t yu ging t say “hell” t me?
M: I beg yur pardn? Susan. My Gsh! Is it really yu?
W: Well, I’m nt a ghst.
M: I’m s glad t see yu. Are yu ging t the meeting, t?
W: Of curse. I didn’t expect t meet yu n this train. I was feeling very nervus abut ging there all by myself.
M: I had n idea yu were cming. Er… what are yu busy with these days?
W: Nthing different. What abut yu? D yu still wrk there? Such yung peple like yu shuld have a bright future!
M: I’m cnsidering wrking smewhere else, but I haven’t decided yet.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What des the man have t d nw?
A. Plan a trip.B. Lk fr a jb.C. Make a decisin.
15. What des the wman think f the jurney t Suth America?
A. Dangerus.B. Exciting.C. Expensive.
16. What advice des the wman give t the man?
A. Ging abrad.B. Staying at hme.C. Opening a bkstre.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Why des Alice dislike flying?
A. The luggage can get lst.
B. The lng wait is unbearable.
C. The seats are uncmfrtable.
18. Which means f transprtatin des Alice like best nw?
A. A bike.B. A bus.C. A train.
19. What is the relatinship between Jeff and Alice?
A. Husband and wife.B. Brther and sister.C. Father and daughter
20. What is the disadvantage f cycling in Jack’s pinin?
A. It is extremely tiring.
B. It requires physical fitness.
C. It is greatly affected by weather.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: What’s yur favrite means f transprtatin, Jack?
M: Oh, Alice, there’s n dubt that it is a plane. It’s the mst cmfrtable and yu get treated very well. Yur luggage gets taken care f.
W: I can’t say I like it. Actually I think the biggest disadvantage in air travel is that yur luggage can disappear and be sent all ver the wrld.
M: Well, nt in my experience. Sme peple may have the lng wait, lking at the bard and waiting fr their flight. But I’m a fan. What’s yur favrite means f transprtatin?
W: Well, I used t like taking a bus best. It’s flexible and cheap. But it is nt always reliable frm f transprtatin. Nw I’m a great fan f rail travel. I’ve gt a rail card and it lets me g wherever I want.
M: But it’s slw.
W: Yes, but yu’d hardly want t fly fr a very shrt distance. My husband, Jeff, is a believer in exercise. He cycles everywhere. I knw smetimes he’s very tired but he’s pretty fit.
M: I was just ging t say hw cld he’d feel and wet n cld, rainy days.
二、阅读理解
Yur 2018 Reading List, Prvided by Bill Gates
Mst f us can’t live like billinaire Micrsft c-funder Bill Gates, but we can read like him. Gates recmmended fur bks in 2018—thugh sme were published earlier.
Lenard da Vinci, by Walter Isaacsn (2017)
The bestselling bigrapher f Steve Jbs and Albert Einstein researched deeply int da Vinci’s cntributins beynd art, highlighting the breadth f his scientific, technlgical, and creative utput. “Lenard nearly understd almst all f what was knwn n the planet at the time. That’s mstly because f his curisity abut every area f natural science and the human experience,” said Gates.
The Best We Culd D: An Illustrated Memir, by Thi Bui (2017)
Gates calls this graphic nvel “really impressive”. Bui is the daughter f Vietnamese refugees wh came t America after the fall f Saign, and becming a parent inspired her t lk int her wn parents’ miserable histry. “I was struck by hw the experiences Bui illustrates manage t be bth universal and specific t their circumstances,” said Gates.
Lincln in the Bard, by Gerge Saunders (2018)
Saunders, a lng-time shrt stry writer, wn high praise fr this nvel. The bk imagines the ghsts that haunt (萦绕) the basement f Willie Lincln, Abraham Lincln’s sn, wh died at 11 in real life. “Willie’s death after the Civil War made the president have a new understanding f the grief he’s creating in ther families by sending their sns ff t die in battle,” said Gates.
Origin Stry: A Big Histry f Everything, by David Christian (2018)
This new bk is by the creatr f Big Histry, a free, nline scial studies curse. It traces histry in wide, sweeping mvements, starting with the Big Bang, and it prvides, in effect, a shrt curse in mdern science. This is a brief histry f the universe. “David gets a little stuck n the current ecnmic and plitical prblems in the West, and I wish he talked mre abut the rle innvatin will play in preventing the wrst effects f climate change,” said Gates.
21. Which bks refer t the field f science?
A. Origin Stry and Lenard da Vinci.
B. Lincln in the Bard and Origin Stry.
C. Lenard da Vinci and The Best We Culd D.
D. The Best We Culd D and Lincln in the Bard.
22. If yu are interested in thrillers, whse bk will yu mst prbably chse?
A. Walter Isaacsn.B. Thi Bui.
C. Gerge Saunders.D. David Christian.
23. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A. The Best We Culd D is an autbigraphy.
B. Lincln in the Bard has been warmly received.
C. David Christian talks much abut the part that innvatin will play.
D. Readers can nly read abut Lenard da Vinci’s cntributins twards art.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了由比尔盖茨在2018年推荐的四本书，这四本书包括：Lenard da Vinci, The Best We Culd D: An Illustrated Memir, Lincln in the Bard,以及Origin Stry: A Big Histry f Everything。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第二句“it prvides, in effect, a shrt curse in mdern science.”可知Origin Stry 这本书提供了一门现代科学的短期课程，涉及到了科学领域，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段的第二句“The bk imagines the ghsts that haunt (萦绕) the basement f Willie Lincln”可知Lincln in the Bard, by Gerge Saunders这本书是属于惊悚题材的，故对惊悚小说感兴趣可以读本书，可以去阅读Gerge Saunders的书，故选C。
【23题详解】
判断推理题根据倒数第二段第一句“Saunders, a lng-time shrt stry writer, wn high praise fr this nvel.”可知Saunders凭借 Lincln in the Bard赢得了高度赞扬，可推理Lincln in the Bard这本书很受欢迎。故选B。
Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that dctrs shuld smetimes advise small increases in activity instead. They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beynd the reach f sme peple — particularly lder individuals. And striving t reach these gals culd mean the benefits f lighter exercise are verlked. But public health fficials say current recmmendatins have prven benefits in lwering the risk f heart disease.
There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked t heart disease, Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病) and sme types f cancer. UK guidelines fr adults recmmend at least tw-and-a-half hurs f mderate activity a week, in shrt perids f 10 minutes r mre.
But in tw separate articles in the BMJ, experts argue the message needs t change, with greater emphasis n making inactive peple mve mre. Prf Philipe de Sut Barret at the University Hspital f Tuluse, advises peple wh are sedentary(久坐的) t make small incremental increases in their activity levels — rather than pushing t achieve current gals. He pints t previus studies which shw even shrt perids f walking r just 20 minutes f vigrus activity a few times a mnth can reduce the risk f death, cmpared t peple wh d n exercise.
In the secnd article, Prf Phillip Sparking f the Gergia Institute f Technlgy, says dctrs shuld tailr their advice — particularly fr lder patients. He suggests using GP visits fr peple ver 60 t discuss "realistic ptins" t increase activity — such as getting peple t stand up and mve during TV cmmercial breaks.
Prf Kevin Fentn at Public Health England, says: "Everyne needs t be active every day — shrt perids f 10 r mre minutes f physical activity have prven health benefits, but getting 150 minutes r mre f mderate activity every week is the amunt we need t psitively impact n a wide range f health cnditins. "This includes reducing the risk f heart disease and type 2 diabetes."
24. What is the current exercise gal mentined in the passage?
A. 10-minute exercise.B. 20-minute exercise.
C. 60-minute exercise.D. 150-minute exercise.
25. What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A. A 10-minute exercise has little effect n the health.
B. Heart diseases happen easily t the ld in activity.
C. Tw-and-a-half hurs f exercise is nt necessary.
D. Inactivity easily brings abut many serius diseases.
26. What is the suggestin f Prf. Philipe de Sut Barret accrding t the third paragraph?
A. Peple shuld spend less time n exercise.
B. Peple shuld lwer their activity levels.
C. Peple shuld increase exercise prperly.
D. Peple shuld achieve their current gals.
27. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut current exercise guidelines?
A. They are impractical.B. They are reasnable.
C. They have n effect n us.D. They are ppular with peple.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述了人们当前对于运动量的不同意见。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段第一句话提出了当前的运动量是不切实际的，第二句话又进一步强调每周150分钟的运动量是人们很难达到的，故目前的运动建议量为150分钟。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked t heart disease, Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）and sme types f cancer.可知，不活动与心脏病，糖尿病以及部分癌症有关，也就是不活动可能会导致心脏病，糖尿病以及部分癌症。故D项正确。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Prf Philipe de Sut Barret at the University Hspital f Tuluse, advises peple wh are sedentary（久坐的） t make small incremental increases in their activity levels - rather than pushing t achieve current gals.可知，他建议应该久坐的人应该逐步小幅增加他们的运动量，而不是一下子达到目前的目标。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章的前两句可以看出，作者使用了unrealistic，beynd the reach f sme peple等词汇，所以是不切实际的。故选A。
【名师点睛】
细节理解题有以下五类：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上充分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。
如此题中四小题结尾细节理解题。
What is the current exercise gal mentined in the passage?为对应型，可以直接定位信息在第一段：Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that dctrs shuld smetimes advise small increases in activity instead. They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beynd the reach f sme peple — particularly lder individuals.
What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?为对应型，可以直接定位信息在第二段第一句话。
What is the suggestin f Prf. Philipe de Sut Barret accrding t the third paragraph?为语言转述型。根据第三段Prf Philipe de Sut Barret at the University Hspital f Tuluse, advises peple wh are sedentary（久坐的） t make small incremental increases in their activity levels - rather than pushing t achieve current gals.可以总结出他的建议。
Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut current exercise guidelines? 为是非辨别型。根据文章的前两句可以看出作者使用了unrealistic，beynd the reach f sme peple等词汇，所以是不切实际的。BCD项不符合文章事实。
Americans like t visit the natinal parks. In 1996, ver 250,000,000 peple visited areas which are managed by the Natinal Park Service. Experts say that by 2012, 500,000,000 peple per year will visit the parks. As a result, peple are trying t think f ways t prtect the parks frm the crwds.
The crwding f the parks has caused several prblems. One is that there is nt enugh space fr all f the peple wh want t use the parks. T deal with this prblem, yu may have t bk yur tickets a few mnths ahead f time. The Park Service may als raise entrance fees (费) .
Anther prblem caused by increased park use is pllutin. Sme garbage and waste can be cleaned up, and the cleanup can be paid fr by increased entrance fees. T cut dwn n nise pllutin and air pllutin, the number f cars allwed in parks may be limited. If this happens, peple may use buses t travel arund the parks. Officials may als limit the use f jet-skis, snw- mbiles, mtr-bats, and sightseeing helicpters and planes.
The parks may als be in danger because f develpment that is ging n arund them. Fr example, arund Yellw Stne Park, many htels, glf curses, resrts, and ther turist attractins have been built. Sme f these develpments have effect n areas that are used by animals. Peple will have t learn t agree abut ways t prtect the parks. If they d nt, there will sn be n reasn t visit these natinal treasures.
28. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the text?
A. Visitrs will pay less than befre.
B. The parks are nt big enugh t hld all visitrs.
C. Visitrs may nt necessarily buy tickets ahead f time.
D. Only buses are allwed t enter the parks.
29. Entrance fees may be increased ________.
A. because the Natinal Park Service are shrt f mney
B. nly fr the develpment f the natinal parks
C. t prtect the animals
D. mainly t limit the number f visitrs
30. What is the mst pssible meaning f the underlined wrd “limited” in Paragraph 3?
A. Enlarged.B. Admitted.C. Cntrlled.D. Cncerned.
31. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. High fees may prbably keep sme peple ut f parks.
B. Helicpters and planes will nt be used in parks any lnger.
C. The bus will becme the nly tl in parks in rder t cut dwn pllutin.
D. Natinal Park Service will always welcme as many visitrs as pssible.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是：在美国，太多人参观国家公园带来的问题以及相应的对策。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“The crwding f the parks has caused several prblems. One is that there is nt enugh space fr all f the peple wh want t use the parks. （公园的拥挤造成了几个问题。 一个是没有足够的空间来容纳所有想要使用公园的人）”可知，对于想要使用公园的人来说，公园的空间是不足的。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“One is that there is nt enugh space fr all f the peple wh want t use the parks. T deal with this prblem, yu may have t bk yur tickets a few mnths ahead f time. The Park Service may als raise entrance fees（一个是没有足够的空间来容纳所有想要使用公园的人。 为了解决这个问题，你可能需要提前几个月订票。 公园管理局也可能提高门票费用）”可知，提高门票的费用主要是为了限制游客的数量。故选D项。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据句意和句中的短语cut dwn n（削减，减少）以及the number f cars可知，划线词limited的意义为“被限制；被控制”。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“One is that there is nt enugh space fr all f the peple wh want t use the parks. T deal with this prblem, yu may have t bk yur tickets a few mnths ahead f time. The Park Service may als raise entrance fees（一个是没有足够的空间来容纳所有想要使用公园的人。 为了解决这个问题，你可能需要提前几个月订票。 公园管理局也可能提高门票费用）”可以推出，公园的门票费用高了，一些人可能就不去公园了。故选A项。
When a leafy plant is under attack, it desn't sit quietly. Back in 1983,tw scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reprted that yung maple trees (枫树) getting bitten by insects send ut a particular smell that neighbring plants can get. These chemicals cme frm the injured parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm. What the plants send thrugh the air is a mixture f chemicals knwn as vlatile rganic cmpunds,VOCs fr shrt.
Scientists have fund that all kinds f plants give ut VOCs when being attacked. It's a plant's way f crying ut. But is anyne listening? Obviusly. Because we can watch the neighbrs react.
Sme plants give ut smelly chemicals t keep insects away. But thers d duble duty. They give ut smells designed t attract different insects wh are natural enemies t the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker wh was launching nw becmes lunch.
In study after study, it appears that these chemical cnversatins help the neighbrs. The damage is usually mre serius n the first plant, but the neighbrs, relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what t d.
Des this mean that plants talk-t-each-ther? Scientists dn't knw. Maybe the first plant just made a cry f pain r was sending a message t its wn branches, and s in effect,was talking t itself. Perhaps the neighbrs just happened t "verhear” the cry. S infrmatin was exchanged,but it wasn’t a true, intentinal back and frth.
Charles Darwin, ver 150 years ag,imagined a wrld far busier, nisier and mre intimate (亲密的) than the wrld we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There's a whle lt ging n.
32. What des a plant d when it is under attack?
A. It makes nises.B. It stands quietly.
C. It gets help frm ther plants.D. It sends ut certain chemicals.
33. What will happen when the attackers' natural enemies arrive?
A. The attackers will get attacked
B. The insects will gather under the table.
C. The plants will get ready t fight back.
D. The attackers will give ut smelly chemicals.
34. Scientists find frm their studies that plants can_______
A. talk t ne anther n purpse
B. warn peple f a cming danger
C. prtect themselves against insects
D. help their neighbrs wh are under attack
35. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. The wrld is changing faster than ever.
B. Peple have strnger senses than befre.
C. We dn't fully understand the wrld.
D. Peple in Darwin's time were mre imaginative
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，当多叶植物受到攻击时，它们不会坐以待毙，会发出VOCs，以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“reprted that yung maple trees (枫树) getting bitten by insects send ut a particular smell that neighbring plants can get. These chemicals cme frm the injured parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm. (据报道，幼小的枫树被昆虫咬伤后会散发出邻近植物能够闻到的特殊气味。这些化学物质来自工厂受损的部分，似乎是一种警报)”可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker wh was launching nw becmes lunch. (一旦它们到达，局面就会逆转，攻击者现在变成了午餐)”可知，当攻击者的天敌到来时，攻击者则会成为天敌的午餐，即就会成为被攻击的对象。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题，根据倒数第三段“In study after study, it appears that these chemical cnversatins help the neighbrs. The damage is usually mre serius n the first plant, but the neighbrs, relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what t d. (在一个又一个的研究中，似乎这些化学对话帮助了邻居们。第一个植物的损失通常更严重，但相对而言，邻居们更安全，因为他们听到了警报，知道该怎么做)”可知，植物在必要的时候会通过分泌化学物质，通知周围的植物保持警惕，即植物会保护自己而免遭昆虫的侵扰。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“imagined a wrld far busier, nisier and mre intimate (亲密的) than the wrld we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whle lt ging n.(想象一个比我们看到和听到的世界更繁忙，更嘈杂，更亲密的世界。我们的感官很脆弱。有很多事在发生)”可知，这个世界远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密，我们认知能力有限，有很多事仍在继续发生，远比我们想象的要复杂。故选C。
Sciety tells us that yu can’t teach an ld dg new tricks. But it desn’t have t be that way. A new study published in Human Develpment pints ut that using a childlike way f learning can help peple f any age take n and deal with new difficult tasks. ___36___.
Venture (冒险) utside yur cmfrt zne. As adults, we tend t use similar skills day in and day ut: We take jbs in fields we’ re already gd at, drive n the same rads t the same places, and fall int rutines we re cmfrtable with. ___37___ Changing t smething mre difficult may have mre cgnitive benefits.
___38___ A fear f making mistakes is anther reasn why adults are s slw t learn new things; if we try and fail, we can face criticism, lse mney, r get fired. That’s why it’s imprtant t build up a supprt netwrk f peple — at wrk and at hme — wh allw yu t make mistakes and learn frm them.
Make a serius cmmitment and dn’t give up. ___39___ If yu can affrd it, spending mney n a new gal — fr example, bking a trip t Rme t practice yur Italian — might als make it harder t just give up.
Learn mre than ne thing at nce. We tend t pay attentin t ne hbby r ne skill. But dividing that time and energy int three r fur areas will stretch yur brain in all different directins. ___40___ Fr example, maybe yu started learning a new language last year, and this year yu add singing lessns, and next year yu try smething else. Yu can add things gradually t what yu can handle.
A. Turn t yur friends and family.
B. The fllwing ways will d the trick.
C. Surrund yurself with encuraging peple and n fear fr mistakes.
D. Telling friends abut yur new gal can help keep yu mtivated.
E. But all this similar rutine limits the parts f the brain that we’re using regularly.
F. That desn’t mean yu shuld start all the new hbbies all at nce, thugh.
G. S feeling cmfrtable can reduce stress and make yu happier and mre prductive.
【答案】36. B 37. E 38. C 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个让任何年龄的人都能够接受和迎接新的挑战的方法。
【36题详解】
根据空前的“A new study published in Human Develpment pints ut that using a childlike way f learning can help peple f any age take n and deal with new difficult tasks.(发表在《人类发展》杂志上的一项新研究指出，使用孩子般的学习方式可以帮助任何年龄的人承担和处理新的困难任务)”可知，发表在《人类发展》杂志上的一项新研究指出，使用孩子般的学习方法可以帮助任何年龄的人接受和迎接新的挑战；文章下文详细介绍了让任何年龄的人都能够接受和迎接新的挑战的方法；设空处应该用一个过渡句引出这些方法，B项“The fllwing ways will d the trick.(下面的策略会奏效)”符合语境。故选B。
【37题详解】
上文“As adults, we tend t use similar skills day in and day ut: We take jbs in fields we’re already gd at, drive n the same rads t the same places, and fall int rutines we re cmfrtable with.(作为成年人，我们倾向于日复一日地使用类似的技能：我们从事我们已经擅长的领域的工作，在同样的道路上开车去同样的地方，并陷入我们习以为常的日常生活中)”指出作为成年人，我们每日做着类似的日常活动，使用类似的技能；下文“Changing t smething mre difficult may have mre cgnitive benefits.(改变更困难的东西可能对认知有更多的好处)”指出做出改变走出舒适区去挑战更难的事情对认知有更多的好处；由此可知，设空处阐述重复使用类似的技能与一成不变的习惯对我们的影响；E选项“But all this similar rutine limits the parts f the brain that we’re using regularly.(但所有这些类似的日常活动限制了我们经常使用的大脑部分)”阐述类似的日常活动限制了认知能力的发展，符合语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
此处为本段主题句，根据本段内容，特别是“That’s why it’s imprtant t build up a supprt netwrk f peple — at wrk and at hme — wh allw yu t make mistakes and learn frm them.(这就是为什么建立一个由工作和家庭中的人组成的支持网络很重要，他们可以允许你犯错误并从中吸取教训)”可知，本段讲的是要和支持你的人在一起，他们让你不害怕犯错误并能够从错误中吸取教训，C项“Surrund yurself with encuraging peple and n fear fr mistakes.(和鼓励你的人在一起，不要害怕犯错)”建议结交能够给人以鼓励的人且不要害怕犯错，符合本段主旨。故选C。
【39题详解】
由上文“Make a serius cmmitment and dn’t give up.(做出认真的承诺，不要放弃)”可知，本段主要阐述要做一个严肃的承诺且不要放弃；下文“If yu can affrd it, spending mney n a new gal — fr example, bking a trip t Rme t practice yur Italian — might als make it harder t just give up.(如果你负担得起，把钱花在一个新的目标上——比如，预定一次去罗马的旅行来练习意大利语——可能也会让你更难放弃)”举例说明如何设置一个让自己难以放弃的目标；D项“Telling friends abut yur new gal can help keep yu mtivated.(告诉朋友你的新目标可以帮助你保持动力)”举例说明如何让自己设置目标并能够坚持下去，选项中的“new gal”与上文中的“cmmitment”以及下文中的“new gal”相呼应；由此可知，D选项符合语境。故选D。
【40题详解】
下文“Fr example, maybe yu started learning a new language last year, and this year yu add singing lessns, and next year yu try smething else. Yu can add things gradually t what yu can handle.(例如，也许你去年开始学习一门新语言，今年你增加了唱歌课程，明年你尝试其他的东西。你可以逐渐增加你能处理的事情)”举例说明不必一下子开始所有的新尝试，可以循序渐进根据自己的能力逐步添加内容；F选项“That desn’t mean yu shuld start all the new hbbies all at nce, thugh.(但这并不意味着你应该一次开始所有的新爱好)”与上文“But dividing that time and energy int three r fur areas will stretch yur brain in all different directins. (但是把时间和精力分成三到四个领域会让你的大脑向各个不同的方向伸展)”构成转折关系，指出尽管把时间和精力分成三到四个领域会让大脑不同方面得到发展，但是并不意味着要立刻开始尝试所有的爱好，选项中的“That”指代上文阐述的内容；由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。
三、完形填空
Sme peple think they need t change hw they lk r act t feel gd abut themselves. ____41____ , all yu need t d is t change the way yu see yur bdy and hw yu think abut yurself.
The first thing t d is t ____42____ that yur bdy is yur wn, n matter what shape, size, r clur it cmes in. If yu are very ____43____ abut yur weight r size, check with yur dctr t make sure that things are OK. But it is nbdy else’s ____44____ but yur wn what yur bdy is like—in the end, yu have t be ____45____ with yurself.
Next, identify which aspects f yur ____46____ yu can realistically change and which yu can’t. Everyne, even the mst perfect-seeming celebrity (名人), has things abut themselves that they can’t change and need t ____47____ like their height r their she size.
If there are things abut yurself that yu want t change and can, d this by making ____48____ fr yurself. Fr example, if yu want t get ____49____ , make a plan t exercise every day and eat nutritius fds. Then keep track f yur prgress until yu reach yur gal.
Meeting a(n) ____50____ yu set fr yurself is a great way t bst self-esteem (自尊) !
When yu hear ____51____ remarks cming frm within yurself, tell yurself t stp. Try ____52____ yur self-esteem by giving yurself three cmpliments (称赞) every day. Every evening, list three things in yur day that really gave yu ____53____ . It can be anything frm the way the sun felt n yur face, the sund f yur ____54____ band, t the way smene laughed at yur jkes. By ____55____ the gd things yu d and the psitive aspects f yur life, yu can change hw yu feel abut yurself.
41. A. FurthermreB. HweverC. TherefreD. As a result
42. A. maintainB. avidC. recgnizeD. ensure
43. A. satisfiedB. crazyC. curiusD. wrried
44. A. businessB. firmC. effrtD. effect
45. A. disappintedB. cnfusedC. happyD. amazed
46. A. appearanceB. abilityC. ambitinD. analysis
47. A. refuseB. applyC. preserveD. accept
48. A. mistakesB. wndersC. galsD. examples
49. A. fixedB. fitC. invlvedD. faint
50. A. pprtunityB. trubleC. interestD. challenge
51. A. usefulB. intelligentC. negativeD. desperate
52. A. abandningB. buildingC. damagingD. attracting
53. A. pleasureB. wrryC. signalsD. impressin
54. A. wnB. favuriteC. privateD. experimental
55. A. fixing nB. insisting nC. depending nD. fcusing n
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。有些人认为他们需要改变自己的外表或行为来让自己感觉良好，然而，你所需要做的就是改变你看待自己身体的方式，以及你对自己的看法。文章就如何改变看待自己身体的方式，以及对自己的看法提出了建议。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，你所需要做的就是改变你看待自己身体的方式，以及你对自己的看法。A. Furthermre此外；B. Hwever然而；C. Therefre因此；D. As a result结果。上文“Sme peple think they need t change hw they lk r act t feel gd abut themselves. (有些人认为他们需要改变自己的外表或行为来让自己感觉良好。)”和下文“all yu need t d is t change the way yu see yur bdy and hw yu think abut yurself. (你所需要做的就是改变你看待自己身体的方式，以及你对自己的看法。)”是转折关系，应用hwever。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先要做的是认识到你的身体是你自己的，不管它是什么体形、大小或颜色。A. maintain维持；B. avid避免；C. recgnize识别；认识；D. ensure确保。由下文“that yur bdy is yur wn, n matter what shape, size, r clur it cmes in”可知，我们要认识到身体是自己的，故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 如果你非常担心自己的体重或体型，请与医生联系，确保一切正常。A. satisfied满意的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. curius好奇的；D. wrried担忧的。由下文“check with yur dctr t make sure that things are OK”可知，如果你担心自己的体重或体型，你要与医生联系，确保一切正常，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，你的身体是什么样子，这不是别人的事，而是你自己的事——最终，你必须对自己感到满意。A. business生意；事情；B. firm公司；C. effrt努力；D. effect效果。由上文“yur bdy is yur wn”可知，身体是自己的，与别人无关，即不关别人的事，故选A。
45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，你的身体是什么样子，这不是别人的事，而是你自己的事——最终，你必须对自己感到满意。A. disappinted失望的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. happy高兴的；D. amazed惊讶的。由下文“with yurself”可知，身体是自己的，我们最终要做到对自己满意，be happy with固定搭配，意为“对……满意”，故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来，确定你外表的哪些方面可以切实改变，哪些不可以。A. appearance外貌；B. ability能力；C. ambitin雄心；D. analysis分析。 由下文“yu can realistically change and which yu can’t”可知，此处指确定你外表的哪些方面可以切实改变，哪些不可以，故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人，甚至是最完美的名人，都有自己无法改变的东西，他们需要接受自己无法改变的东西，比如他们的身高或鞋码。A. refuse拒绝；B. apply申请；C. preserve保存；D. accept接受。由上文“Everyne, even the mst perfect-seeming celebrity (名人), has things abut themselves that they can’t change”可知，甚至是最完美的名人，都有自己无法改变的东西，所以他们要接受自己无法改变的东西。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你想改变自己的某些方面，并且你可以做到，那么就为自己制定目标。A. mistakes错误；B. wnders奇迹；C. gals目标；D. examples例子。由下文“Then keep track f yur prgress until yu reach yur gal.”可知，此处指制定目标，gal属于同词复现，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你想变得健康，制定一个计划，每天锻炼和吃有营养的食物。A. fixed固定的；B. fit健康的；C. invlved参与的；D. faint模糊的。由下文“make a plan t exercise every day and eat nutritius fds”可知，每天锻炼和吃有营养的食物是为了变得健康，故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：迎接你为自己设定的挑战是提升自尊心的好方法。A. pprtunity机会；B. truble麻烦；C. interest兴趣；D. challenge挑战。由下文“yu set fr yurself is a great way t bst self-esteem(自尊) !”可知，迎接你为自己设定的挑战是提升自尊心的好方法。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你听到来自内心的负面评论时，告诉自己停下来。A. useful有用的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. negative消极的；D. desperate绝望地。由下文“tell yurself t stp”和“by giving yurself three cmpliments (称赞) every day.”提到的我们要赞美自己可知，当你听到来自内心的负面评论时，要告诉自己停下来，故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：试着通过每天给自己三次赞美来建立你的自尊。A. abandning遗弃；B. building建造；建立；C. damaging损害；D. attracting吸引。由下文“yur self-esteem by giving yurself three cmpliments (称赞) every day.”可知，通过赞美来建立你的自尊，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，列出你一天中真正给你带来快乐的三件事。A. pleasure快乐；B. wrry担忧；C. signals信号；D. impressin印象。下文“It can be anything frm the way the sun felt n yur face, the sund f yur____14____band, t the way smene laughed at yur jkes. ”列举了一些使你快乐的事，所以此处指列出你一天中真正给你带来快乐的三件事，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它可以是任何东西，从太阳照在你脸上的感觉，你最喜欢的乐队的声音，到有人因你的笑话而发笑的方式。A. wn自己的；B. favurite最喜欢的；C. private私有的；D. experimental实验的。上文指出要列出你一天中真正给你带来快乐的三件事，此处举例子来说明，即听到你最喜欢的乐队唱歌，这会让人开心，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：通过专注于你做的好事和你生活中积极的方面，你可以改变你对自己的感觉。A. fixing n修理；B. insisting n坚持；C. depending n依靠；D. fcusing n集中于；专注于。由下文“the gd things yu d and the psitive aspects f yur life, yu can change hw yu feel abut yurself.”可知，专注于你做的好事和你生活中积极的方面，这样你可以改变你对自己的感觉。故选D。
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Medicine Fd
Medicine fd is a unique cking style in Chinese cuisine. It is ____56____ perfect cmbinatin f Chinese cking and traditinal Chinese medicine t get the effects f health keeping. It is als a skillful ____57____ (apply) f the yin and yang (阴阳) thery ____58____ (strengthen) the functin f fd and herbs.
The Chinese srt each type f vegetable and meat in terms f yin and yang, and cmbine vegetables with meat, ____59____ will make each cked dish balanced.
During the 5th century BC, cks created cuisines with medical values and develped Chinese art f cking, ____60____ (use) the nature f fd t balance the diet. There were rules n hw t arrange daily diet and lists f certain herbs and vegetables that were ____61____ (benefit) t the bdy.
In the Sng Dynasty, ____62____ was recrded that many diseases culd be cured thrugh prper diets. Different fds were srted accrding t their riginal nature. Cld fds ____63____ (believe) t remve fever while warm fds reduce running nses.
Knwing the nature f individual fds ____64____ (enable) the Chinese t eat right fd t prtect varieties f inside rgans and balance the yin and yang f the bdy. Fr example, sur fd eases sme disrders. _____65_____ (slight) sweet fd relieves illness related t the veins and bitter fd helps t cure an verheated bdy.
【答案】56. a 57. applicatin
58. t strengthen
59. which 60. using
61. beneficial
62. it 63. were believed
64. enables
65. Slightly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍药膳。它是中国烹饪和传统中药的完美结合，达到保健的效果。
【56题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：它是中国烹饪和传统中药的完美结合，达到保健的效果。此处泛指“一种完美的结合”，其中perfect是以辅音音素开头的词，前面加不定冠词a。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：这也是对阴阳理论的巧妙运用，以增强食物和草药的功能。根据空前的形容词和不定冠词a可知，此处用单数名词；所给动词apply的名词形式是applicatin。故填applicatin。
【58题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这也是对阴阳理论的巧妙运用，以增强食物和草药的功能。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填t strengthen。
【59题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国人根据阴阳对各种蔬菜和肉类进行分类，并将蔬菜和肉类结合起来，这样每道菜都能达到平衡。该空引导非限制性定语从句，前面整个句子作先行词，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：公元前5世纪，厨师们创造了具有医学价值的菜肴，并发展了中国的烹饪艺术，利用食物的性质来平衡饮食。逻辑主语cks与动词use是主谓关系，用现在分词（ding）表主动，作伴随状语。故填using。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有关于如何安排日常饮食的规则，以及某些对身体有益的草药和蔬菜的清单。固定搭配：be beneficial t，意为“有益于”，其中be动词后面用形容词作表语。故填beneficial。
【62题详解】
考查形式主语。句意：在宋代，据记载，许多疾病都可以通过适当的饮食来治愈。此处it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。故填it。
【63题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：冷的食物被认为可以退烧，而热的食物则可以减少流鼻涕。根据In the Sng Dynasty可知，句子在描述过去发生的事情；句子主语Cld fds是复数形式，和谓语动词believe之间是被动关系，是一般过去时的被动语态。故填were believed。
【64题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人吃正确的食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：微甜的食物可以缓解与静脉有关的疾病，苦味的食物有助于治疗身体过热。句中sweet是形容词，由副词修饰，副词作状语，且位于句子开头，首字母用大写。故填Slightly。
五、书面表达
66. 假设你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“My Best Friend”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.简要介绍你最喜欢的朋友；
2.说明你喜欢他/她的原因；
3.朋友在我们生活中重要性。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
My Best Friend
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My Best Friend
It’s true that everyne has his r her best friend. My best friend is Li Ping, wh is a lively and easy-ging girl in my class. Nt nly des she d well in her academic subjects, but she is als ready t help thers.
Undubtedly, what brings us tgether are cmmn interests and hbbies. There are tw things that we enjy ding tgether: reading literary wrks and listening t classical music. Mre imprtantly, we share similar views n life and the wrld arund us.
As emtinal creatures, we human beings need family affectin as well as friendship. Withut friends, ur life wuld be like a wild desert.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“My Best Friend”为题，写一篇短文参加学校正在组织的英语作文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活泼的：lively → active
在……方面干得好：d well in → be gd at
看法：view → pinin
帮助：help → aid/assist
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：As emtinal creatures, we human beings need family affectin as well as friendship.
拓展句：As emtinal creatures, we human beings nt nly need family affectin, but als need friendship.
【点睛】[高分句型1] My best friend is Li Ping, wh is a lively and easy-ging girl in my class. (运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Nt nly des she d well in her academic subjects, but she is als ready t help thers. (运用了部分倒装结构)
67. It was 1939, and the Great Depressin had made all ur lives much harder. But we didn’t knw hw pr we were until ur father sat my brther and me dwn n the cuch in ur living rm t have a talk.
I will always remember the sad lk in Father’s eyes as he stared dwn at his hands, rubbing them back and frth, while he searched fr the wrds t tell us that ur family wasn’t ging t be celebrating Christmas this year.
A mnth later, n Christmas Eve, I lay awake in bed late int the night, trying t talk myself ut f sneaking int ur living rm t see if Santa had cme. I gathered my curage, then tipted dwn the hallway, hping I wuld see the bright sparkling lights f ur Christmas tree standing prudly in the crner f ur living rm, like it did every year.
Instead, I was greeted by my seventeen-year-ld brther, Frank, wh slept n ur living rm cuch. “Hey, little ne, what are yu ding up?” he whispered.
I started t cry “There’s n Christmas tree.”
There wuld be n presents, n singing, n Christmas dinner. It felt like we were the saddest family in the wrld. My disappintment verwhelmed me. I lked frward t Christmas each year. It wasn’t nly the presents. It was that special feeling I gt frm seeing my family happy. We hadn’t been happy in such a lng time.
On Christmas mrning, the sun shne int ur chilly bedrm, waking me up. “Maybe Santa came! Maybe he came!” I suddenly insisted. My eyes searched the living rm, but there was n Christmas tree. I brke int uncntrllable tears.
I ran t Father in tears and threw my arms arund him. “ We aren’t ging t have Christmas this year.”
“Nw, nw, nw, calm dwn. G n in and see yur mther. She will cmfrt yu.” Dad slwly pushed the bedrm dr pen, leading me int the rm.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Out f the crner f my eye, I nticed smething different in the bedrm.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With my questin answered, everything dawned n me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Out f the crner f my eye, I nticed smething different in the bedrm. “Merry Christmas, my dearest child ,”said Mm with her tw warm arms hlding me gently. “What is this in the sparkling bx? D yu want t knw?” Then she put it int my hands and tld me t pen it .Excitedly I uncvered it , in the bx lay a tiny music bx with a small Christmas tree n it. Hw wnderful it lked! “But Dad tld me that it is the Great Depressin nw, and we are living a hard life .Hw culd yu get the mney fr my Christmas gift ?” Mther tld me that she had sld her gld ring .
With my questin answered, everything dawned n me. It was mther’s truest lve fr her dearest child that made her sell her favurite gld ring which had accmpanied her fr a lng time. N mther in the wrld wuld like t disappint her child n such an imprtant day. I kissed Mm n her cheeks saying Merry Christmas t her . That special music bx taught me a lessn—n matter hw tugh the life is , my family wuld face it bravely as lng as there is lve in ur heart.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物情感为线索展开，讲述了作者在美国经济大萧条时期家庭困难没钱买圣诞树过圣诞节的故事。根据原文所述，作者在圣诞节早上醒来没发现一丁点的圣诞节节日迹象后开始失望地哭闹起来，谁知妈妈在卧室里像变戏法一样地送他一份圣诞节礼物，为贫困的家庭带来节日的气息。
【详解】【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在我眼角的余光里，我发现房间里有些不一样的东西。”可知，第一段可描写“不一样的东西”，是什么，它怎么来的以及作者情绪的细微变化。
②由第二段首句内容“我的问题得到回答后，我明白了一切。”可知，第二段可描写作者明白了事情的真相以及得到了什么感悟，从妈妈对孩子的爱和孩子的感激之情入手。
2.续写线索：发现不一样的东西——卖金戒指——音乐盒——提问——感激——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①打开：uncvered it/pened it
②生活艰难：living a hard life/ living a tugh life
③.陪伴：accmpany her/ have its cmpany/be with her
情绪类
①.兴奋：excitedly/ thrilledly
②.勇敢：bravely/curageusly
【点睛】[高分句型1]. That special music bx taught me a lessn—n matter hw tugh the life is , my family wuld face it bravely as lng as there is lve in ur heart.（n matter hw引导的让步状语从句和as lng as引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. It was mther’s truest lve fr her dearest child that made her sell her favurite gld ring which had accmpanied her fr a lng time.（It is …that… 强调句，及由关系代词which引导限制性定语从句）
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