中考英语阅读D篇解题技巧讲解

这是一份中考英语阅读D篇解题技巧讲解，共9页。试卷主要包含了复习要点，专项练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。
◆D篇技巧
一）解题技巧：
1. 通读全文。通读全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度，正确理解语境。
2. 按题查读，即根据问题去寻找答案。
3. 简练作答。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬.
4. 认真核查。逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，是否答非所问，是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误。
5. 答案形式要符合提问方式。如原文中提问方式为“why”，那么就要用“because”引导的从句来回答。
二）回答问题规范性：
用Hw提问，回答要以by/thrugh ding开头
Hw did the judge slve the student’s prblem?
(The judge slved the prblem) By making the restaurant wner hear the sund f the falling cins.
2) 用where/when提问， 要以介词in/ n/ at等开头
Where did the student live?
In a small rm near a restaurant
A When did Eppie Lederer begin t write an advice clumn fr the Chicag Sun Times?
B In 1955. (r: After she wn a cntest.)
用hw many提问，要注意数字前是否有限定词mre than/ at least/abut等。
A Hw many readers d the tw clumns have?
B Nearly 200 millin readers (arund the wrld).
用why提问，要以because(f) 开头回答, 或者以T d开头回答。
A Why did the student feel afraid?
B Because the judge said he was wrng / he had nly a few cins/ he had n mney.
A． Why did Lederer ask her readers t write letters t The U.S. Cngress?
B. T make them pass the law.
5）用whm提问，要以介词with/by等回答。
A．Whm did Sam live with in the Wild Catskill Muntains?
He lived with himself.
6）Hw lng提问时要注意区分在现在完成时态中要用fr+一段时间（since+时间点）开头回答，其他则直接回答。
A．Hw lng have yu stayed in Shanghai? B. Fr 3 years.
A. Hw lng did it take yu t g t schl by bus? B. 3 hurs.
7) 注意回答时态：
A． Hw was the fd in the restaurant?
B． The fd was delicius/gd.
8）反义疑问句：
Example 1. Bth Eppie Lederer and Pauline Phillip lve their jbs, dn’t they?
步骤：A. 去掉反义部分（即dn’t they）
B. 把前半部分的陈述句改为疑问句，即
D bth Eppei Lederer and Pauline Phillip lve their jbs?
C. 可以正常回答了。
Example 2 The student wasn’t happy living in the small rm, was he?
步骤：A. 去掉反义部分（即was they）
B. 把前半部分的否定句改为肯定句，即
The student was happy living in the small rm.
C. 再把肯定句改为疑问句，即Was the student happy living in the small rm
D. 可以正常回答了。
9）选择疑问句：
Based n her speaking, hw d we stay yung, t laugh r t cry?
回答时，不以yes/n开头，直接选择其中一项回答，即 We stay yung t laugh.
10） 主观题：
要以文章中心思想为基础，通常看文章最后一段的意思，再用自己话概述
A. As a teenager, will yu run away frm hme? Why?
B. Because this was just the kind f frest he always dreamed abut
二、专项练习
反意疑问句的回答
反意疑问句的回答其实很简单，只要找出事情是不是发生了就行了，发生了就是肯定的，用yes；没发生用n即可。不用考虑题干是肯定还是否定形式。
比如：1) He has been t Japan, hasn’t?
2) He hasn’t been t Japan, has he?
3) He has never been t Japan, has he?
如果“他去过日本”，则三道题目的答案都是:Yes, he has.
陈述句是否定句
We dn’t knw exactly when Gerge Washingtn Carver was brn, but it was prbably smetime in the 1860s. His mther was a slave（奴隶） wned by a farmer in Missuri（密苏里州）named Mses Carver. Yung Gerge Carver was fascinated by plants and flwers. He tended（照料）his wn little garden. Peple began t see what a gift （天赋）he had fr grwing things. They called him the “the plant dctr” and asked him t help them grw their gardens better.
Peple dn’t knw the exact birthday f Gerge Washingtn Carver, d they?
_______________,______________________________________________________________
陈述句是肯定句
Rule N. 1: Justice (正义) is mst imprtant.
N matter hw smart he r she is, the mst imprtant quality fr a detective is being gd. In the mvie, Lrd Blackwd and Sherlck Hlmes are bth very intelligent. The difference is that Lrd Blackwd is a bad man and he des bad things. Hlmes can beat him n the side f justice.
Being intelligent is the mst imprtant quality fr a detective, isn’t it?
_______________, ___________________________________________________________
小结：无论陈述句是肯定还是否定，反义疑问句的回答一定要遵循事实来回答，
事实上是肯定的就回答Yes,事实上是否定的就回答N
Wh提问的回答
wh提问的句子难度不大，只要找到原文，直接回答主语即可，也可完整回答，需要注意的是组织语言时要保证语法正确。
Anna lived n the side f a valley (山谷). One winter, there was a very big fld, and a lt f huses dwn belw Anna’s huse were washed away. Anna’s huse was high enugh t escape the fld, s when the water had disappeared and the ther huses were standing there with n rfs and walls and all cvered with mud, her huse was still quite all right. That year Anna’s was very lucky.
Her huse was quite small and there were nly tw small bedrms, her husband was dead when the children were very yung, and she had fur children, but Anna tk in ne f the families that had lst everything in the fld and she shared her hme with them until it was pssible fr them t rebuild their huse.
Anna’s friends were very puzzled (困惑) when they saw Anna d this. They culd nt understand why Anna wanted t give herself s much mre wrk and truble when she had already quite a lt f children t supprt. Life wuld be even harder when anther family jined them.
“Well,” Anna explained t her friends, “at the end f the First Wrld War, a wman in the twn where I then lived in Germany fund herself very pr, because her husband had been killed in the war and she had a lt f children, as I have nw.”
“The day befre Christmas, this wman said t her children, ‘We wn’t have much fr Christmas this year, s I am ging t get nly ne gift fr all f us and I am sure we will all be glad t have it. Nw I’ll g and get it.’ She came back with a little girl wh was even prer than they, and wh had n parents. ‘Here is ur gift,’ she said t her children.”
“The children were very excited and happy t get such a gift. They welcmed the little girl, and she grew up as their sister, I was just that Christmas gift.”
104.Wh was nce given as a Christmas gift t a pr family?
答案：Anna.(或Anna was nce given as a Christmas gift t a pr family)
When提问的回答
When提问的题目比较常见，但是要注意，一般不能照抄原文。看下面三种表达：
When did yu cme t Shanghai?
在2017年。 In 2017.
两年前。 Tw years ag.
当我是小孩子的时候。 When I was a by.
通过这几个句子，可知when提问有三种回答方法：介词+时间点；时间段+ag; when+句子。
注意：1、用时间状语从句回答时，when不能省略。
2、特别注意表示时间的词前面是否有约数词如abut, arund等。
My mther's dream f becming a teacher was interrupted by an unexpected child: me. S she had t leave cllege t marry my father. Even thugh my mther left the field f educatin frmally, she did nt leave it entirely.
That first day f kindergarten, I pened my lunch bx, inside which I fund a nte frm my mther written n a napkin (一块小布), saying that she lved me, that she was prud f me and that I was the best kindergartner in the wrld! Because f that napkin nte, I made it thrugh my first day f kindergarten ... and many mre schl days t fllw.
There have been many napkin ntes since the first ne. There were napkin ntes in elementary schl when I was struggling with Mths, telling me t "Hang in there. Yu can d it!" There were napkin ntes in high schl, when my basketball team was the first team in ur schl's histry t play in a state champinship, telling me, "There is n T in team. Yu have gt this s far because yu knw hw t share." And there were even napkin ntes sent t me in cllege and graduate schl, far away frm my mther's physical tuch. Despite the changes f cllege, majrs, byfriends, and the way I lked at the wrld, my mther's encuragement, supprt and teachings, repeated in years f lve and napkin ntes.
Fr Christmas this year, my 46-year-ld mther was finally ging back t schl t earn her degree in teaching. I als gave her a Christmas gift fr schl: a lunch bag filled with her favrite fds. As she pened up her "Yu can d it!" napkin nte t me, tears began running dwn her face. When her eyes met mine, I saw she passed my unspken message: My mther is, and has always been, a teacher.
97. When was the writer's mther ging back t schl t earn her degree in teaching?
____________________________________________________________________.
答案：When she was 46 years ld (at the age f 46).
主观题的回答
可从文中找到答案提示
What d yu think f when talking abut India? The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵)? Sng and dance? The list ges n and n.
India is an interesting and mysterius cuntry with a lng histry. It is ne f the fur ldest civilizatins (文明) in the wrld.
Hme t mre than 1.2 billin peple, India is the cuntry with the secnd largest ppulatin in the wrld. The cuntry is als the birthplace f many famus peple. Rabindranath Tagre (1861-1941) is a great pet. His pems use fresh and beautiful language t describe nature and his lve fr India. Many Chinese children learn his wrks at schl.
Besides, fast ecnmic develpment is making India a rising pwer. India is strng in the infrmatin technlgy (IT) industry. By the end f 2012, 2.5 millin Indian peple were wrking at its IT cmpanies. One third f them wrked in Bangalre. The city is called the Silicn Valley (硅谷) f India. It is the center f the IT industry in India. IT prducts frm India are cmmn in peple's lives. If yu buy a cmputer, sme f the sftware may have been made in India.
Many yung peple lve Bllywd films. Mst f these films tell stries with a happy ending. They have exciting music and dance. Sme f the best nes are Slumdg Millinaire and 3 Idits . Yga cmes frm ancient India. It helps peple deal with their stress. It is said that curry was made in India mre than 5,000.years ag. Traditinal Indian curry is spicy. Indian peple usually have curry with rice. Curry sup is als ne f their favrites.
93. Wuld yu like t visit India? Why r why nt?
_________________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________________.
答案：Yes, I’d like t…. (Any available answer is OK.)
【强化练习】
A
Frm the time each f my children started schl, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch I packed, I included a nte. Often written n a piece f small paper, it might be a thank-yu fr an unusual mment, a reminder f smething we were happily expecting, r a bit f encuragement fr the cming test r sprting event.
In early grade schl they lved their ntes. But as children grw lder they becme self-cnscius（有自我意识的）, and by the time he reached high schl, my lder sn, Marc, infrmed me he n lnger enjyed my daily ntes. Telling him that he n lnger needed t read them but I still needed t write them, I cntinued until the day he graduated.
Six years after high schl graduatin, Marc called and asked if he culd mve hme fr a cuple f mnths. He had spent thse years well, graduatin frm cllege, cmpleting tw internship（实习）in Washingtn, D.C., and finally, becming a technical assistant in Sacrament. Hwever, he had lived away frm hme except fr shrt hliday visits. With his yunger sister leaving fr cllege, I was especially happy t have Marc back. Since I was still making lunch fr his yunger brther, I packed ne f Marc, t. Imagine my surprise when I gt a call frm my 24-year-ld sn, asking abut his lunch.
“Did I d smething wrng? Dn’t yu lve me any lnger, Mm?” he asked.
“Of curse I lve yu, dear!” I laughingly said. “What’s wrng?”
“My nte, Mm,” he answered. “Where’s my nte?”
1. The writer wrte the daily ntes in her children’s exercise bks, didn’t she?
2. What kind f nte did the writer give her children befre a test?
She gave them a nte __________________________________________.
3. What did Marc suggest his mther d when he reached high schl?
4. When did Marc visit hme during the six years after he left high schl?
5. Why did the writer feel especially happy t have Marc back?
6. Hw d yu understand the underlined part “Dn’t yu lve me any lnger, Mm?” and why?
B
Almst every wman likes ging shpping. Persnally speaking, I enjy shpping in the U.K., even if it's just windw shpping. The sales service is the key reasn why I like shpping in the U.K. much mre than shpping in China. Every brand has its wn fficial website where custmers can see prducts and rder directly nline, s the prducts can be sent hme directly. As fr thse wh enjy shpping in real stres, shpping experiences are rather free and pen. Different frm that in China, mst stres d nt prvide persnal shp assistants unless yu ask ne f the staff abut a specific questin. It is never necessary t tell them t leave yu alne. I especially like this kind f free atmsphere in which I can walk slwly, pick whatever I want and decide which is t take withut any persnal suggestins frm shp assistants. Althugh smetimes, stre staff help custmers t fetch shes r clthes f a specific size r clr, they never exaggerate (夸大）their pinins n it, as their task is t prvide service but nt t prvide cmments. Besides, each brand has a refund plicy (退款政策).The plicy may vary frm ne anther, but a cling-ff perid f 14 t 28 days is prvided fr custmers t think twice abut whether they really want the prducts they bught. Within the cling-ff perid, custmers can easily get full refund r exchange if they can prvide a valid receipt (有效发票）and unused prducts with all the tags. It encurages custmers t buy prducts mre ften and increases sales. As fr custmers, it is als gd, fr peple can have a chance t get back their mney which was spent n unwanted clthes.
The U.K. is a mdern cuntry with traditins. While it says yes t the fast pace f mdern fashin industry, it als prvides 6 fr its turists and custmers. It fully deserves the title f “Shpping Paradise”.
1. What is the mst imprtant reasn why the writer likes shpping in the U.K.?
2. In the writer's pinin, why are shpping experiences free and pen in the U.K.?
3. What des the underlined wrd “them” refer t?
It refers t
4. D stre staff usually help custmers fetch things r give cmments in the U.K.?
5. Hw can custmers get a full refund r exchange?
6. What can be filled in the blank in the last paragraph?
It als prvides .
答案：
A：
1. N , she didn’t
2. She gave them a nte f encuragement / t encurage them
3. He suggested she stp writing daily ntes fr him / Stp writing daily ntes fr him .
4. When he had hlidays .
5. Because Marc’s yunger sister was leaving hme fr cllege .
6. When Marc didn’t see his mther’s daily nte in his lunch , he was upset and disappinted because he thught thse ntes std fr his mther’s lve .
B:
1. Sales service.
2. Because mst stres d nt prvide persnal shpping assistants. / Because she can walk slwly,pick whatever she wants and decide which is t take withut any persnal suggestins frm sales assistants.
3. (It refers t) the shp assistants.
4. They usually help custmers fetch things.
5. They can prvide a valid receipt and unused prducts with all the tags. / By prviding a valid receipt and unused prducts with all the tags.
6. (It als prvides) high-standard sales service and free shpping experience its turists and custmers.(Any reasnable answer is acceptable.)