2022-2023学年云南省楚雄州高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年云南省楚雄州高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Newsweek has released a list f 100 famus spts in its latest issue and says all f them may nt exist in the future because f varius reasns.
Kauai，Hawaii，U.S.
Kauai is the ldest and furth largest f Hawaiian Islands.Mst f this island lies in the mist （雾气） all year rund.The thick frests are hme t the clrful Hawaiian hneycreeper，an endangered bird species.Even the tiny fall r rise f the sea level will cause large changes n the island，which put the island's ecsystem under severe stress.
Caribbean Sea
Fur types f endangered sea turtles（龟） live here.The rising sea levels and the pllutin f the ceans can destry the beach，where the female sea turtles lay eggs.Unlike ther animals，the sex f a sea turtle depends n the temperature at which the turtle hatches （孵化）.The temperature fr female sea turtles t hatch is abve 31 ℃，and male belw 27.7 ℃.Scientists wrry the cut f male turtles can threaten the species' survival.
Recife，Brazil
Recife in nrtheastern Brazil is a business center and als a great destinatin f turists，wh visit here fr the sunny weather and white-sand beaches.Due t its nnstp castal develpment，nw Recife is highly weak t the threats f rising sea levels，hurricanes and strms.The reduce f cral reefs（珊瑚礁） als expses the whle city t flding.
Chicag，Illinis，U.S.
Since funded in the 1830s，the "Windy City" Chicag has becme the center f transprtatin，industry，finance and entertainment in the Midwest f ，mre than 2.6 millin residents live in the mdern area，making it the third mst ppulus city in
the cming years，Chicag will suffer frm gradual increase in heat waves and flding.
1.What is the climate like n Kauai？ ______
A. Sunny.B. Dry.C. Fggy.D. Changeable.
2.What can cause the unequal rate between male and female turtles？ ______
A. The glbal warming.
B. The rising sea levels.
C. The gradual disappearance f their habitats.
D. The female sea turtles stpping laying eggs.
3.What d the fur places have in cmmn？ ______
A. They are hme t hneycreepers.
B. They are endangered castal areas.
C. They are faced with verppulatin.
D. They are free frm human activities.
B
Change is as gd as a rest，as the ld saying ges.Lucy Kellaway tk this t extremes when she left t train as a teacher in her nearly sixth decade，after abut 30 years wrking as a jurnalist.
Ding the same thing in the three decades was simply t lng fr her，accrding t Lucy. "I was n lnger interested in my jb and wanted t d smething mre useful and purpseful with my life，"Lucy explains. "I was then aged fifty-seven and had spent almst my whle adult life ding ne thing."
Lucy tried ringing the gvernment's helpline and discvered there was n maximum age restraint t train as a teacher.Then she met Katie Waldegrave，a scial entrepreneur turned teacher，at a party."We met the fllwing mrning and talked and talked.We cncluded that yung graduates had lng been the bvius recruiting （征募） int the prfessin.A new mdel fr entering teaching was needed fr career-changers.By the time I left that cnversatin，Nw Teach had prbably been brn，a prfessinal nline teacher training prgram fr career-changers in teaching."
S successful was the prgram that it attracted the supprt f the Department fr Educatin.Further state funding has seen the prgram rlled ut acrss the cuntry. "We're delighted by its success.The best aspect f my jb that the prgram brings me is that it makes me ptimistic abut the future and smetimes makes me feel I'm making a big difference t their lives."Lucy ges n，"We have helped 650 peple with all srts f backgrunds t bring their varius experiences t secndary schls."
Fr anyne interested in teaching，Lucy tells them t experience schl life first."G and visit tw schls.Spend quality time in the classrms f the subjects yu think yu may teach and find ut if it seems right fr yu.Yu may nt get it right at first."While Lucy lved her new career，she fund teaching maths wasn't her true calling，s she swapped t teaching ecnmics instead.
4.Why did Lucy want t change her jb？ ______
A. She failed t get well-paid.
B. She was bred with the jb.
C. She wanted t have a rest fr a while.
D. She culdn't balance her life and wrk.
5.What des the underlined wrd"restraint" in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Advantage.B. Cncern.C. Difference.D. Limit.
6.Hw des Lucy feel abut Nw Teach？ ______
A. Meaningful.B. Disapprving.C. Dubtful.D. Challenging.
7.What did Lucy want t d in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Intrduce hw t get a degree certificate fr teaching.
B. Share her persnal experience f applying fr a teacher.
C. Offer suggestins fr thse cnsidering being a teacher.
D. Explain the reasns why she wanted t becme a teacher.
C
Objects in the night sky are disappearing frm view because f light pllutin，accrding t a new study.Outdr lighting frm street lamps，ffice buildings and vehicle headlights leads t sky less bright，which is when the night sky gets brighter.The brighter it is at night，the harder it is t see stars and planets frm Earth.
Christpher Kyba，an astrnmer with the GFZ German Research Center fr Gesciences，led his team studying ver 50，000 star bservatins between 2011 and 2022. "If the brightening f the night sky cntinues at the current rate，"Kyba said，"a child brn in a place where 250 stars are visible will nly be able t see 100 stars by the time he r she turned 18."
The issue is glbal but particularly cmmn in Nrth America，where 80% f peple can-nt see the Milky Way galaxy（银河系）.This huge grup f billins f stars shuld lk like a wide strip f light in the dark night sky.Hwever，nly very remte places，such as the Sahara Desert and the Amazn Rain Frest，have a truly dark night sky.
Light pllutin makes it harder fr astrnmers t study stars and planets.It als causes prblems fr animals.Animals active at night like bats becme cnfused and crash int bjects.Turtles that hatch（孵化） at night need mnlight t find the sea，but artificial lights can cnfuse them and make them head inland instead.Birds in cities ften wake up and start singing earlier than they shuld.Human lights als cause themselves t prduce less f a chemical called melatnin（褪黑激素）.This can lead t sleep prblems，headaches，tiredness，and md issues.
T help，scientists want t raise awareness f light pllutin.They suggest that peple use utdr lighting that causes less light pllutin，such as mtin-sensitive lights that switch n nly when they're needed.
8.Hw des the authr lead in the tpic f the text？ ______
A. By giving examples.B. By ffering evidence.
C. By making cmparisn.D. By bringing up the issue.
9.What can be inferred frm Kyba's wrds？ ______
A. Light pllutin is becming serius.
B. Adults are easier t see stars than kids.
C. Stars are becming fewer year by year.
D. Kids are lsing interest in watching stars.
10.What effect may light pllutin cause？ ______
A. Turtles are frced t hatch at sea.
B. Bats can get lst during the flight.
C. Humans prduce mre melatnin.
D. Birds in cities wake up much later.
11.What is the best title fr the text？ ______
A. A New Origin f Light PllutinB. Ways t Deal with Light Pllutin
C. Light Is Making Stars UnbservedD. Light Causes Human Sleep Issues
D
Staying in hspital can be difficult fr patients，ften causing fear and anxiety，especially in yunger individuals.These emtins can easily take ver，but hspitals in Richmnd，Virginia，have prgrams t relieve sme f the stress and create mments f jy.
Due t a prgram called Dgs On Call prvided by the nn-prfit rganizatin Center fr Human-Animal Interactin，at the Children's Hspital f Richmnd，the sund f dgs cming dwn the hallway creates an atmsphere f excitement amng child patients.Fr 21 years，the vlunteer-run prgram has been cnnecting dgs with thse in need f an inspiring mment.
With the necessary registratin steps，dgs and handlers can participate in weekly visits t the hspital.Besides the scheduled visits，parents r children can request a specific team t visit their rms.
"When a patient interacts with a dg，it can decrease bld pressure and reduce pain，"says Nancy R.Gee，executive directr f the center. "Their faces change just fr a mment.They're nt thinking abut their health situatin r their pain.Just fr that mment，they're just kids with a dg."
Instead f Dgs On Call，Bn Securs St.Mary's Hspital f Richmnd prvides Happy Wheels，a prgram in which a cart full f treats and ther items rlling thrugh the halls f the hspital.The vlunteer-run prgram visit s fur times a week.They g frm rm t rm t hand ut tys，cffee，snacks，and ther cmfrt items.All f the items fund in the cart are dnated t the prgram and handed ut t families in all children's care units.
"It's an pprtunity fr the children t be children and t get excited abut a new ty cming in their rms，" says Laura Gepfrd，child life specialist at St.Mary's Hspital."Besides the fevers，the medicine and all the difficult things that ccur in the hspital，they have the shining f happy mments.That's what peple hld nt."
12.What d we knw abut the prgram Dgs On Call？ ______
A. Dgs might frighten the child patients.
B. Dg visits must fllw a fixed schedule.
C. It gives mental treatment t the child patients.
D. It is financially supprted by the gvernment.
13.What des Nancy R.Gee mean in paragraph 4？ ______
A. Children care fr dgs by nature.
B. Children's mds are changeable.
C. Children are t yung t take their illness seriusly.
D. Children's spirits are lifted by the dgs' cmpanin.
14.What is Laura Gepfrd's attitude t the Happy Wheels prgram？ ______
A. Cncerned.B. Appreciative.C. Dissatisfied.D. Dubtful.
15.Hw d the tw prgrams in the text help？ ______
A. By bringing patients cmfrt and cheer.
B. By changing peple's attitude t illness.
C. By telling peple the imprtance f play.
D. By guiding parents t better cmfrt kids.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Cmmunicate Effectively？
Having gd cmmunicatin skills is imprtant.Effective cmmunicatin is a skill yu can learn n matter what yur age，backgrund r experience is.（1） ______ .
Chse the right time.As the saying states，there is a time and a place fr everything.（2） ______ .Avid starting discussins abut heavy tpics late in the evening.Few peple will be thrilled t be faced with issues like finances r lng range scheduling when they are the mst tired.Instead，deliver messages and cnduct discussins abut heavy tpics in the mrnings when peple are watchful and mre likely t be able t respnd clearly.
（ 3） ______ .This shuld be dne befre yu attempt t cmmunicate any ideas.If yu haven't already targeted sme key pints t stick t when cmmunicating，yur ideas may becme cnfusing.Key pints will act as anchrs （锚），bringing fcus and clarity t yur cmmunicatin.
Thank yur listener（s）.Thank the persn r grup fr the time taken t listen and respnd. （4） ______ ，even if the respnse t yur talk r discussin has been ther than yu had hped，end it plitely by prperly respecting everyne's input and time.
Cmmunicate eye t eye.Eye cntact builds relatinship，helps t cnvince peple that yu're trustwrthy and display s interest.During a cnversatin r presentatin，it is imprtant t lk int the ther persn's eyes if pssible and maintain cntact fr a reasnable amunt f time.（5） ______ .
A.Take care nt t verd it
B.Cmmunicating is n different
C.Organize key pints in yur mind
D.N matter what the utcme f yur cmmunicatin
E.If yu have already targeted sme key pints t stick t
F.The basics f cmmunicatin belw will help get yur pint acrss easily
G.Ignring any single persn can easily be taken as a sign f disrespect fr them
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peple cme in all clrs，shapes，and sizes.We're all brn t be ur wn（1） ______ .Fr Sarah White，a yung baby girl，she was brn with the cngenital melancytic nevus （CMN）（先天性黑色素细胞痣） n her face.
Sarah's mther，Ariel White，（2） ______ thught her baby just had a small bruise （瘀伤）.Hwever，she later fund ut it was a（n）（3） ______ birthmark.Knwing the trubles her daughter might （4） ______ with such a terrible birthmark，therefre，Ariel has been n a missin t change hw the wrld （5） ______ beauty.In an effrt t raise awareness abut Sarah's（6） ______ ， the mther set up a scial media page where she shares （7） ______ n Sarah's day-t-day life.
Ariel said， "Many peple have never seen a birthmark like Sarah's and that's part f why I was（8） ______ t share.This is a gd platfrm fr parents and their children t see kids have （9） ______ ." She has fcused n spreading understanding f the CMN.Surprisingly，（ 10） ______ scial media and Ariel's passin，the family has been able t （11） ______ ther kids just like Sarah n the ther side f the wrld.
Ariel added the tughest thing fr Sarah in the future culd be her mental health. "She may （12） ______ bullying （欺凌） and the similar kind f experiences.Hnestly，I think that just mainly cmes frm peple's lack f the related knwledge.It desn't （13） ______ me that thers haven't seen it.Instead，I really （14） ______ the mre peple can see these differences，the mre（15） ______ the differences will seem t be，thrugh my effrts."
21.A. abilitiesB. pprtunitiesC. thughtsD. characters
22.A. bviuslyB. riginallyC. recentlyD. quickly
23.A. prettyB. tinyC. uncmmnD. unreal
24.A. meetB. ignreC. predictD. remve
25.A. acceptsB. createsC. spreadsD. views
26.A. dutyB. caseC. giftD. ptin
27.A. questinsB. cmmentsC. updatesD. suggestins
28.A. regretfulB. unwillingC. frightenedD. determined
29.A. differencesB. intentinsC. advantagesD. prblems
30.A. apart frmB. thanks tC. in spite fD. in return fr
31.A. surrundB. bserveC. cnnectD. threaten
32.A. stir upB. g thrughC. give way tD. keep track f
33.A. upsetB. cnfuseC. satisfyD. excite
34.A. rememberB. pretendC. expectD. discver
35.A. appealingB. energeticC. humrusD. nrmal
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is an instrument catching peple's heart with（1） ______ （ it） lasting sund，irregular rhythm and a carrier f gentle emtin.This is the musical language f guqin，a plucked（拨）seven string instrument （2） ______ （create） in ancient China.
The earliest piece f guqin in China，unearthed in Hubei Prvince in 2016，（3） ______ （date）back t the Zhu Dynasty （1046-256 BC）.The bdy f a guqin is made f lacquered wd and the strings f twisted silk.Unlike its seemingly simple appearance，（ 4） ______ （ make） a guqin is extremely challenging.An utstanding guqin，（5） ______ can take tw t several decades t craft，is a final prduct f art and time.
The guqin was favred by the literati （文人学士） in ancient China.Of all the guqin musicians，the（6） ______ （ famus） was B Ya in the Spring and Autumn （770-476 BC） and Warring States （475-221 BC） perids.As he played his guqi n in the muntains，a wdcutter named Zhng Ziqi heard the music and understd（7） ______ （ exact） what Yu wanted t express.This deep understanding frmed a strng relatinship （8） ______ them，and they became clse friends.This is the famus tale behind the guqi n masterpiece，Flrwing Water，High Muntains.（9） ______ piece has been passed dwn thrugh generatins and is cnsidered ne f the mst famus and imprtant （10） ______ （ cmpsitin） in Chinese guqin music.This graceful dialgue，flwing frm brushed fingertips and travelling fr thusands f years，is cntinuing t this day.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，你创作的英文短剧在校园文化艺术节上获奖。请你写一篇发言稿参加颁奖会，内容包括：
（1）获奖感受；
（2）经验分享；
（3）表示感谢。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hell，everyne.______
Thank yu!
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Daniel gt a jb as a delivery man t wrk his way thrugh cllege.His parents culdn't save up all the mney he needed t get int law schl，s since he was 16，he has been taking summer jbs t earn extra mney.
The by usually wakes up at 5 am in summer r winter，riding his rusty （生锈的） ld bike delivering packages.It isn't an easy jb，especially during winter.Besides that，his ld bike is slw，making things harder.But that isn't a prblem fr Daniel. "Cme n，by!We can d this，"he says t himself.
Daniel's rute is always the same and peple in the neighbrhd have already knwn him.He calls them by their names，and they ften wave and greet him as he passes.
One day，Daniel came t McReynlds' huse.He parked his bike at the drstep.He rang the drbell but n ne answered.He tried again，still n answer.Then he left the parcel at the drstep.
As Daniel jumped back n his bike，he nticed his bike brken dwn. "Bad luck!"But as he turned arund，he saw a strange man secretly lked arund and placed a package under his jacket.Daniel shuted at the man，"Hey there!What are yu ding？That's nt yurs!"
The man saw Daniel and started t run.Daniel lked at his brken bike helplessly and ran fast after the man，shuting， "Stp!Thief!"When the man saw that Daniel was gaining n him，he threw the package at him.Daniel caught it，but he didn't give up the chase.Then the man tripped ver a stne and fell n the flr.Daniel came a few secnds later and gt him.
The ruckus（喧闹） alarmed all the neighbrs.Then the plice were called.McReynlds came ut frm the huse， "I culdn't get the dr when yu rang because I was taking a shwer.Thank yu fr stpping him!" Daniel smiled back at her and was turning arund t leave.
注意：
续写词数应为 150 左右；
When Daniel was t pick up his bike，he heard a vice behind him， "Wait!"___________
Minutes later，McReynlds returned，with a beautiful blue bike.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Kauai is the ldest and furth largest f Hawaiian Islands.Mst f this island lies in the mist （雾气） all year rund.（考艾岛是夏威夷群岛中最古老、面积第四大的岛屿。这个岛的大部分地区终年笼罩在雾中。）可知，Kauai气候特点是多雾。A.Sunny桑尼；B.Dry干燥；C.Fggy很模糊；D.Changeable变化无常。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Fur types f endangered sea turtles（龟） live here.The rising sea levels and the pllutin f the ceans can destry the beach，where the female sea turtles lay eggs.（这里生活着四种濒临灭绝的海龟。海平面上升和海洋污染会破坏海滩，而海滩是雌海龟产卵的地方。）以及The temperature fr female sea turtles t hatch is abve 31 ℃，and male belw 27.7 ℃.（雌海龟的孵化温度在31°C以上，雄海龟在27.7°C以下。）可知，海平面的上升及海洋污染会破坏海滩，而雌雄海龟会的孵化温度不同。由此推知，全球变暖导致气温变化，进而影响海龟的产卵率。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Even the tiny fall r rise f the sea level will cause large changes n the island，which put the island's ecsystem under severe stress.（即使是海平面的微小下降或上升也会引起岛上的巨大变化，这将使岛上的生态系统面临严重压力。）和第三段Scientists wrry the cut f male turtles can threaten the species' survival.（科学家担心雄性海龟的死亡会威胁到这个物种的生存。）第四段The reduce f cral reefs（珊瑚礁） als expses the whle city t flding.（珊瑚礁的减少也使整个城市暴露在洪水之中。）以及最后一句In the cming years，Chicag will suffer frm gradual increase in heat waves and flding.（在未来几年，芝加哥将遭受逐渐增加的热浪和洪水。）可知，这些景点均在沿海地区，且因各种原因而濒临灭绝。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章列举了四个著名景点的名单，并表示由于各种原因，这些景点未来可能都不复存在。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中Ding the same thing in the three decades was simply t lng fr her，accrding t Lucy. "I was n lnger interested in my jb and wanted t d smething mre useful and purpseful with my life，"Lucy explains. "（露西说，在30年里做同样的事情对她来说太长了。露西解释说："我对自己的工作不再感兴趣，我想做一些更有用、更有意义的事情。"） 可知，露西想换工作是因为她对这份工作感到厌烦。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段中I was then aged fifty-seven and had spent almst my whle adult life ding ne thing."（那时我57岁，几乎整个成年生活都在做一件事。）以及划线单词句中 and discvered there was n maximum age （发现没有最高年龄可推知，此处为露西试着拨打政府的帮助热线，发现培训教师没有最高年龄限制。故可猜测，划线单词restraint为"限制"的意思，结合选项D项Limit"限制"意思一致。A.Advantage有利条件；B.Cncern担心；C.Difference区别；D.Limit限制。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段中We're delighted by its success.The best aspect f my jb that the prgram brings me is that it makes me ptimistic abut the future and smetimes makes me feel I'm making a big difference t their lives."Lucy ges n，"We have helped 650 peple with all srts f backgrunds t bring their varius experiences t secndary schls."（"我们为它的成功感到高兴。这个项目给我的工作带来的最好的方面是，它让我对未来感到乐观，有时让我觉得我对他们的生活产生了很大的影响。"露西继续说道："我们已经帮助了650名不同背景的人把他们不同的经历带到中学。） 可推知，露西对Nw Teach这个项目的看法是认为它是非常有意义的。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段中Fr anyne interested in teaching，Lucy tells them t experience schl life first. "G and visit tw schls.Spend quality time in the classrms f the subjects yu think yu may teach and find ut if it seems right fr yu. （对于任何对教学感兴趣的人，露西告诉他们先体验一下学校生活。 "去参观两所学校。花时间在你认为你可能教的科目的教室里，看看它是否适合你。）可知，露西想为那些考虑成为老师的人提供建议。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公露西凯拉维（Lucy Kellaway）在做了大约30年的记者之后，在将近60岁的时候离开家去接受教师培训，这让她走到了极致。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】D、A、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Objects in the night sky are disappearing frm view because f light pllutin，accrding t a new study.Outdr lighting frm street lamps，ffice buildings and vehicle headlights leads t sky less bright，which is when the night sky gets brighter.The brighter it is at night，the harder it is t see stars and planets frm Earth.（根据一项新的研究，由于光污染，夜空中的物体正在从视野中消失。街灯、办公楼和汽车前灯的室外照明会使天空变得不那么明亮，这时夜晚的天空变得更加明亮。夜晚的光线越亮，就越难从地球上看到星星和行星。）可推知，作者通过提出问题---光污染来引出文章主题---灯光让人们看不见星星。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段中Kyba所说的话"If the brightening f the night sky cntinues at the current rate，" Kyba said， "a child brn in a place where 250 stars are visible will nly be able t see 100 stars by the time he r she turned 18."（"如果夜空继续以目前的速度变亮，"Kyba 说，"一个出生在能看到250颗星星的地方的孩子，到18岁时只能看到100颗星星。"）可推知，光污染日益严重。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中Light pllutin makes it harder fr astrnmers t study stars and planets.It als causes prblems fr animals.Animals active at night like bats becme cnfused and crash int bjects.（光污染使天文学家更难研究恒星和行星。它也会给动物带来麻烦。像蝙蝠一样在夜间活动的动物会感到困惑并撞向物体。）可知，光污染或许使蝙蝠在飞行中迷路。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中The brighter it is at night，the harder it is t see stars and planets frm Earth.（夜晚的光线越亮，就越难从地球上看到星星和行星。）和第二段中Christpher Kyba，an astrnmer with the GFZ German Research Center fr Gesciences，led his team studying ver 50，000 star bservatins between 2011 and 2022.（GFZ 德国地球科学研究中心的天文学家克里斯托弗•凯巴（Christpher Kyba）带领他的团队在2011年至2022年间研究了5万多个恒星观测数据。）以及第三段中The issue is glbal but particularly cmmn in Nrth America，where 80% f peple cannt see the Milky Way galaxy （银河系）.（这个问题是全球性的，但在北美尤其普遍，那里80%的人看不到银河系。）可知，文章主要介绍了灯光让人们看不见星星， C项"光让星星变得不可观测"适合做文章标题。A.A New Origin f Light Pllutin光污染的新来源；B.Ways t Deal with Light Pllutin处理光污染的方法；C.Light Is Making Stars Unbserved光让星星变得不可观测；D.Light Causes Human Sleep Issues光线导致人类睡眠问题。故选C。
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了灯光让人们看不见天上的星星。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Due t a prgram called Dgs On Call prvided by the nn-prfit rganizatin Center fr Human-Animal Interactin，at the Children's Hspital f Richmnd，the sund f dgs cming dwn the hallway creates an atmsphere f excitement amng child patients.（由于非营利组织人与动物互动中心在里士满儿童医院提供了一个名为"狗随叫随到"的项目，狗穿过走廊的声音在儿童患者中创造了一种兴奋的气氛。）可知，狗的叫声从医院的走廊上传来，为儿童患者营造了激动人心的气氛。由此可推知，该项目为儿童患者提供了心理安慰。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段"When a patient interacts with a dg，it can decrease bld pressure and reduce pain，"says Nancy R.Gee，executive directr f the center. "Their faces change just fr a mment.They're nt thinking abut their health situatin r their pain.Just fr that mment，they're just kids with a dg."（该中心的执行主任南希•R•吉说："当病人与狗互动时，它可以降低血压，减轻疼痛。""他们的表情变化只是一瞬间。他们没有考虑他们的健康状况或他们的痛苦。就在那一刻，他们只是带着狗的孩子。"）可知，当孩子们和小狗玩时，他们的情绪被调动起来。他们不再担心自己的身体状况，变得很快乐。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段"It's an pprtunity fr the children t be children and t get excited abut a new ty cming in their rms，" says Laura Gepfrd，child life specialist at St.Mary's Hspital."Besides the fevers，the medicine and all the difficult things that ccur in the hspital，they have the shining f happy mments.That's what peple hld nt."（圣玛丽医院的儿童生活专家劳拉•格普福特说："这是一个机会，让孩子们做回自己，并为他们房间里的新玩具感到兴奋。"。"除了发烧、药物和医院里发生的所有困难之外，它们还有幸福时刻的光辉。这就是人们所坚持的。"）可知，她对 Happy Wheels 这个项目持赞赏的态度。A.Cncerned.关心的；B.Appreciative.赞赏的；C.Dissatisfied.不满意的；D.Dubtful.怀疑的。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第二段Due t a prgram called Dgs On Call prvided by the nn-prfit rganizatin Center fr Human-Animal Interactin，at the Children's Hspital f Richmnd，the sund f dgs cming dwn the hallway creates an atmsphere f excitement amng child patients.（由于非营利组织人与动物互动中心在里士满儿童医院提供了一个名为"狗随叫随到"的项目，狗穿过走廊的声音在儿童患者中创造了一种兴奋的气氛。）和倒数第二段All f the items fund in the cart are dnated t the prgram and handed ut t families in all children's care units.（在购物车中找到的所有物品都将捐赠给该项目，并分发给所有儿童护理单位的家庭。）可知这两个项目的介绍可知，这两个项目都为儿童患者带来了安慰和快乐。故选A。
本文是说明文。生病住院期间，患者容易产生紧张、焦虑的情绪。美国弗吉尼亚州里士满市的一些医院创办了很多为儿童患者减压的项目，给他们带去快乐。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】F、B、C、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Having gd cmmunicatin skills is imprtant.Effective cmmunicatin is a skill yu can learn n matter what yur age，backgrund r experience is（拥有良好的沟通技巧是很重要的。有效的沟通是一种无论你的年龄、背景或经历如何都能学到的技能）；以及后文介绍的方法，可知表示"下面的沟通基础知识将有助于轻松表达你的观点"的选项F可以承接前文有效沟通的话题，引出后文介绍的沟通基础知识，故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Chse the right time.As the saying states，there is a time and a place fr everything（选择合适的时间。俗话说，凡事都有时间和地点）；以及后文Avid starting discussins abut heavy tpics late in the evening.Few peple will be thrilled t be faced with issues like finances r lng range scheduling when they are the mst tired.Instead，deliver messages and cnduct discussins abut heavy tpics in the mrnings when peple are watchful and mre likely t be able t respnd clearly（避免在晚上晚些时候开始讨论重大话题。很少有人会在最累的时候面对财务或长期日程安排等问题时感到兴奋。相反，在早上，当人们保持警惕，更有可能做出明确回应时，就重大话题发信息和进行讨论），可知表示"沟通也没什么不同"的选项B可以承接前文凡事都有时间和地点的俗语，引出后文对于沟通也要选择合适的时间的具体介绍，故选B。
（3）主题判断题。根据后文This shuld be dne befre yu attempt t cmmunicate any ideas.If yu haven't already targeted sme key pints t stick t when cmmunicating，yur ideas may becme cnfusing.Key pints will act as anchrs （锚），bringing fcus and clarity t yur cmmunicatin（这应该在你尝试交流任何想法之前完成。如果你在交流时还没有针对一些关键点，你的想法可能会变得混乱。关键点会起到锚的作用，为你的沟通带来专注和清晰），可知表示"整理你头脑中的要点"的选项C可以作为本段的主题---在尝试交流任何想法之前整理头脑中的要点，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句Thank the persn r grup fr the time taken t listen and respnd（感谢对方或小组花时间倾听和回应）；以及后半句even if the respnse t yur talk r discussin has been ther than yu had hped，end it plitely by prperly respecting everyne's input and time（即使对你的谈话或讨论的反应不是你所希望的，也要礼貌地结束，适当尊重每个人的意见和时间），可知表示"无论你的沟通结果如何"的选项D可以承接前文表达倾听的话题，介绍无论沟通结果如何，都要礼貌地结束，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句During a cnversatin r presentatin，it is imprtant t lk int the ther persn's eyes if pssible and maintain cntact fr a reasnable amunt f time（在谈话或演讲中，如果可能的话，看着对方的眼睛，并在合理的时间内保持联系是很重要的），可知表示"注意不要老是这样做"的选项A可以承接前文，虽然在谈话或演讲中要看着对方的眼睛，但是注意不要老是这样做，故选A。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了有效沟通的四种方法。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】D、B、C、A、D、B、C、D、A、B、C、B、A、C、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.abilities能力；B.pprtunities机会；C.thughts想法；D.characters性格，特征。句意：我们生来就有我们自己的特征。根据上文"Peple cme in all clrs，shapes，and sizes."可知，每个人生来都有自己的特征。故选D。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.bviusly明显地；B.riginally原始地；C.recently最近地；D.quickly迅速地。句意：萨拉的母亲阿里尔•怀特（Ariel White）最初以为她的孩子只是有一个小瘀伤。根据上文"Fr Sarah White，a yung baby girl，she was brn with the cngenital melancytic nevus （CMN）（先天性黑色素细胞痣） n her face."可知，最开始母亲阿里尔•怀特（Ariel White）以为先天性黑色素细胞痣只是小瘀伤。故选B。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.pretty漂亮的；B.tiny极小的，微小的；C.uncmmn不常见的，罕见的；D.unreal不真实的。句意：然而，她后来发现这是一个不寻常的胎记。根据上文"thught her baby just had a small bruise"和"Hwever"可知，这不是一个小瘀伤，而是一个不同寻常的胎记。故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.meet遇见；B.ignre忽视；C.predict预测；D.remve去除，移除。句意：因此，Ariel知道女儿可能会因为这样一个可怕的胎记而遇到麻烦，因此，她一直致力于改变世界对美的看法。根据下文""She may（12）_______ bullying （欺凌） and the similar kind f experiences"可知，Ariel知道女儿会因为胎记遇到一些麻烦。故选A。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.accepts接受；B.creates创造；C.spreads传播；D.views把……视为，看待。句意：因此，Ariel知道女儿可能会因为这样一个可怕的胎记而遇到麻烦，因此，她一直致力于改变世界对美的看法。根据下一段"Many peple have never seen a birthmark like Sarah's"可知，Ariel想改变世界对美的看法。故选D。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.duty职责；B.case案例；C.gift礼物，天赋；D.ptin选择。句意：为了引起人们对莎拉案例的关注，这位母亲建立了一个社交媒体页面，在那里她分享了莎拉的日常生活。根据下一段"Many peple have never seen a birthmark like Sarah's"可知，建立社交媒体网页是为了让人们了解女儿可怕胎记的案例。故选B。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.questins问题；B.cmments评论；C.updates最新消息，最新进展；D.suggestins建议。句意：为了引起人们对莎拉案例的关注，这位母亲建立了一个社交媒体页面，在那里她分享了莎拉的日常生活。根据下文"n Sarah's day-t-day life."可知，Ariel建立一个社交媒体网页分享女儿的日常消息。故选C。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.regretful后悔的；B.unwilling不愿意的；C.frightened感到害怕的；D.determined有决心的。句意：阿里尔说："很多人从来没有见过像萨拉这样的胎记，这也是我决定分享的原因之一。"根据上文"In an effrt t raise awareness abut Sarah's（6）_______ "可知，为了提高人们对女儿这种胎记的认识，Ariel决定在社交媒体上分享女儿的日常生活。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.differences差异，差别；B.intentins意图，打算；C.advantages优势；D.prblems问题。句意：这是一个很好的平台，让父母和孩子看到孩子之间的差异。根据下文"I really （14）_______ the mre peple can see these differences"可知，此处是信息词difference的词汇复现。故选A。
（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.apart frm除……之外；B.thanks t幸亏，由于；C.in spite f尽管；D.in return fr作为……的回报。句意：令人惊讶的是，由于社交媒体和Ariel的热情，这个家庭已经能够联系到世界另一端像Sarah一样的其他孩子。根据下文"Surprisingly"和"the family has been able t（11）_______ ther kids just like Sarah n the ther side f the wrld."可知，空处解释原因，由于社交媒体和Ariel的热情，这个家庭与其他与Sarah一样的孩子取得联系。故选B。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.surrund环绕，包围；B.bserve观察；C.cnnect连接；D.threaten威胁，恐吓。句意：令人惊讶的是，由于社交媒体和Ariel的热情，这个家庭已经能够联系到世界另一端像Sarah一样的其他孩子。根据上文"the mther set up a scial media page where she shares （7）_______ n Sarah's day-t-day life."和"ther kids just like Sarah n the ther side f the wrld. "可知，由于Ariel在社交媒体网页上的日常分享，这个家庭与其他与Sarah一样的孩子取得联系。故选C。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stir up搅拌；B.g thrugh经历；C.give way t让位于，对……让步；D.keep track f追踪，记录。句意：她可能会经历欺凌和类似的经历。根据下文"bullying （欺凌） and the similar kind f experiences"可知，Ariel担心女儿可能会经历欺凌或者类似的事情。故选B。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.upset使生气，使心烦意乱；B.cnfuse使迷惑；C.satisfy使满意；D.excite使兴奋。句意：别人没看到我也不难过。根据上文"Hnestly，I think that just mainly cmes frm peple's lack f the related knwledge."可知，她认为女儿遭受欺凌可能是因为人们的无知，因此人们没有看到她分享的社交媒体网页她也不会生气。故选A。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.remember记得；B.pretend假装；C.expect期待；D.discver发现。句意：相反，我真的希望通过我的努力，越多的人看到这些差异，这些差异就会变得越正常。根据下文"the mre peple can see these differences"可知，Ariel期待更多的人能看到这些差异。故选C。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。句意同上。A.appealing吸引人的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.humrus幽默的；D.nrmal正常的。句意：相反，我真的希望通过我的努力，越多的人看到这些差异，这些差异就会变得越正常。根据上文"the mre peple can see these differences"可知，Ariel认为越多的人能看到这些差异，这些差异就显得越正常。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ariel White因为自己女儿脸上长了先天性黑色素细胞痣，害怕女儿收到欺凌，因此建立了一个社交媒体页面，分享女儿的日常生活，希望更多的人关注孩子的差异。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】its
【小题2】created
【小题3】dates
【小题4】making
【小题5】which
【小题6】mst famus
【小题7】exactly
【小题8】between
【小题9】The
【小题10】cmpsitins
【解析】（1）考查代词。句意：有一种乐器以其持久的声音，不规则的节奏和温柔的情感载体抓住了人们的心。修饰名词sund用形容词词性物主代词作定语，故填its。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：这是古琴的音乐语言，古琴是一种中国古代创造的七弦乐器。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是is，create用非谓语动词形式作定语，修饰instrument，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填created。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：中国最早的古琴于2016年在湖北省出土，可追溯到周朝（公元前1046-256年）。分析句子可知，date是谓语动词，根据句意，用一般现在时，主语"The earliest piece f guqin"是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填dates。
（4）考查动名词。句意：与它看似简单的外表不同，制作古琴是极具挑战性的。分析句子可知，"（make）a guqin"作主语，用动名词形式，故填making。
（5）考查连词。句意：一把优秀的古琴，可以花上两到几十年的工艺，是艺术和时间的最终产物。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词guqin，从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。
（6）考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有的古琴音乐家中，最著名的是春秋（公元前770-476年）和战国（公元前475-221年）时期的伯雅。分析句子可知，famus作定语，修饰musician，musician承前省略了，由"Of all the guqin musicians"可知用形容词最高级，故填mst famus。
（7）考查副词。句意：当他在山上弹奏古琴时，一位名叫钟子奇的樵夫听到了音乐，并完全理解了他想表达的意思。修饰动词understd用副词作状语。故填exactly。
（8）考查介词。句意：这种深刻的理解在他们之间形成了牢固的关系，他们成为了亲密的朋友。根据句意，此处用介词between，表示"在……之间"，故填between。
（9）考查冠词。句意：这首曲子代代相传，被认为是中国古琴音乐中最著名、最重要的作品之一。此处特指上文提到的"the guqin masterpiece，Flwing Water，High Muntains"，用定冠词修饰，故填The。
（10）考查可数名词复数。句意：这首曲子代代相传，被认为是中国古琴音乐中最著名、最重要的作品之一。ne f the+最高级+名词复数，是固定短语，故填cmpsitins。
本文是应用文。介绍了中国的古琴以及著名的古琴名曲——高山流水。
做语法填空时要求考生对语法知识有较好的掌握，做题时结合句意和语法规则有针对性的仔细分析，从而填上正确答案。
37.【答案】Hell，everyne.It is my great hnr t deliver a speech here.I am verjyed that my shrt play is recgnized.【高分句型一】I wuld like t share my experience f the creatin with yu.（获奖感受）
T begin with，what matters mst is that we are suppsed t have a cmmand f English language，including accumulating as many wrds and expressins，the grammar and their practical usage as pssible.What's mre，we shuld make full use f every pssible chance t aruse ur ptential creativity.【高分句型二】（经验分享）
Finally，I'd like t say：never hesitate t turn t thers arund fr help.I we my achievement especially t my English teacher，wh kept extending a helping hand.（表示感谢）
Thank yu!
【解析】高分句型一：I am verjyed that my shrt play is recgnized.
翻译：我很高兴我的短剧得到认可。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：What's mre，we shuld make full use f every pssible chance t aruse ur ptential creativity.
翻译：更重要的是，我们应该充分利用一切可能的机会来激发我们潜在的创造力。
分析：本句使用了不定式t aruse ur ptential creativity作后置定语。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】When Daniel was t pick up his bike，he heard a vice behind him， "Wait!" He turned arund and saw McReynlds was running twards him.Daniel was thinking she had already expressed her appreciatin t him fr what he did.He thught he was ding the right thing.Therefre，he said， "That was n big deal，Miss McReynlds.I have t get my bike repaired nw. "McReynlds smiled， "Please wait right here，Daniel.I'll be back in a minute. "Daniel wndered what else she wanted him t d. 【高分句型一】（麦克雷诺兹叫住丹尼尔，让他等会）
Minutes later，McReynlds returned，with a beautiful blue bike.She said t Daniel， "I bught this bike but I have never used it.I have been cnsidering giving it t smene wh is in need.Nw I want yu t have it，please!" Daniel was shcked，in disbelief.Daniel appreciated her genersity and kindness with tears in his eyes.He tuched the bike，admiring its beauty，and it was light，t. 【高分句型二】With the incredible bike，nw the by can deliver his packages mre effectively and still have sme time left fr his studies.（麦克雷诺兹将她的新自行车送给丹尼尔）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了靠打工赚学费的丹尼尔这天早上依旧骑他的旧自行车送包裹，丹尼尔的车坏了，而且还有一个人偷了他要给麦克雷诺兹送的包裹，丹尼尔最终追上小偷并将他绳之以法，麦克雷诺兹后来将她的新自行车送给丹尼尔的故事。
高分句型一
Daniel wndered what else she wanted him t d.
翻译：丹尼尔不知道她还想让他做什么。
分析：这句话运用了what引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二
He tuched the bike，admiring its beauty，and it was light，t.
翻译：他摸了摸自行车，欣赏它的美丽，而且它也很轻。
分析：这句话运用了现在分词短语admiring its beauty作伴随状语。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。