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2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，单句语法填空，语法填空，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Can't enter the next American Idl r The Vice singing auditin （试唱）？That's alright!Yu can still shw ff yur vcal skills and cmpete （竞赛） fr recgnitin in ne f the many nline singing cmpetitins acrss the cuntry.Belw are several wrth checking ut!
The Lyndn Oratri-Sl Cmpetitin
Fr the under-30 crwd，this internatinal sl cmpetitin fcuses fully n ratri singing.Initial （最初的） entries and runds are nline.Hwever，finals are held at Carnegie Hall in New Yrk City with cnsiderable cash prizes awarded.
The Hal Lenard Vcal Cmpetitin
The nly singing cmpetitin fr all f Nrth America aimed at yung singers aged 23 and under，this is ne f the first nline singing cmpetitins created.It charges nthing t enter，making it accessible t all qualified （有资格的） Nrth American singers.Vide auditins are all handed in thrugh YuTube.Prizes include cash and gift certificates （证书）.
Singist
Fr thse 18 and up，Singist ffers mnthly nline singing cmpetitins.Yu can auditin t be entered in the mnthly cntest fr free，r sign up fr a "Perfrmer Plan" at ＄4 per mnth and enter yurself.Vides must be riginal，featuring any sng yu chse，and nt psted n any ther site.Registered （注册的） Singist users vte n a mnthly winner，and scial media sharing is encuraged.Small cash prizes in the ＄5 — 25 range are awarded t mnthly winners.
MacrDazzle
MacrDazzle accepts karake，sing-alng，and even self-accmpanied singing frm cmpetitrs f all ages.Thse ver 18 are qualified fr cash prizes，and children are qualified fr gift certificates and nn-mnetary prizes.A ＄16 entry fee is required fr cash cmpetitins.
1.What is special abut the Lyndn Oratria-Sl Cmpetitin？ ______
A. It awards nn-mnetary prizes.
B. It desn't invlve any ffline activity.
C. Nt all its singing cmpetitins are held nline.
D. Online runds are held with cash prizes ffered.
2.Which cmpetitin sets n age limit n entering？ ______
A. The Lyndn Oratri-Sl Cmpetitin.
B. Singist.
C. The Hal Lenard Vcal Cmpetitin.
D. MacrDazzle.
3.What is the purpse f the text？ ______
A. T persuade singers t shw ff their skills.
B. T intrduce sme nline singing cmpetitins.
C. T tell the differences between sme cmpetitins.
D. T give advice n hw t present vcal skills.
B
The year 2023 is called the Year f the Rabbit in China and the Year f the Cat in Vietnam.Hw the cat replaced the rabbit in Vietnam is still the subject f debate （争论）.
Bth cuntries fllw a calendar based n 12 signs f a zdiac （生肖） represented by 12 animals.N ne knws exactly hw the 12 animals came t be named.But ancient strytellers said the Jade Emperr，r the Buddha，rganized a race acrss a river fr all the animals in the wrld.The first 12 t reach the ther side wuld appear in the zdiac.
In the Chinese versin f the stry，the cat and the rat were riding acrss a river n an x when the rat pushed the cat int the water.The rat wn the race，turning the tw animals int enemies.That is why cats have been hunting rats ever since.As t the rabbit，it crssed the river by jumping n the tps f stnes in the river.When the rabbit gt there，n thers were arund，s it went ff t the side and slept.By the time the rabbit wke up， three thers had already arrived.
Hwever，in the Vietnamese versin which did nt have a rabbit，the cat culd swim and ended up arriving furth.The tp twelve finishers which appear in the zdiac were rat，x，tiger，cat （r rabbit），dragn，snake，hrse，gat，mnkey，rster，dg，and pig.
Philippe Papin is an expert n Vietnamese histry at the Ecle Pratique des Hautes Etudes in Paris.He tld the Nrthwest Asian Weekly in 2011 that ne pssible explanatin fr replacing rabbit with cat might have t d with language.
He said in ld Chinese，there is a little-used wrd tied t the sign f the rabbit （卯） that is prnunced like ma.The prnunciatin is similar t mè，the Vietnamese wrd fr cat.
This year，anther website，VNExpress，said many Vietnamese are buying new cat-themed cases fr their mbile phnes.And ne f the tp Ggle searches in Vietnam is "why there is n cat in the Chinese zdiac."
4.The race f animals is mentined t explre ______ .
A. the reasn fr the victry f the cat
B. hw the 12 animals were selected in China
C. hw the rabbit gt replaced by the cat in China's zdiac
D. the reasns behind the difference between the tw zdiacs
5.What des "three thers" in paragraph 3 refer t？ ______
A. The rat，the x and the hrse.B. The tiger，the cat and the x.
C. The rat，the x and the tiger.D. The cat，the rat and the snake
6.What caused the rabbit t be replaced accrding t Papin？ ______
A. The race rganized by the Jade Emperr.
B. The different custms f the tw cuntries
C. The excellent perfrmance f the Vietnamese cat
D. The similar prnunciatin f certain wrds in the tw languages
7.What des the last paragraph imply？ ______
A. The Year f the cat r the rabbit raises public interest in Vietnam.
B. Ggle plays an increasingly imprtant rle in Vietnam.
C. Rabbit-themed cases fr mbile phnes becme a hit in China.
D. Cat-themed cases fr mbile phnes enjy ppularity in China.
C
Gardening's many "rules" have been repeated s ften that they can seem like unquestinable truths.But many have little basis in fact，s fllwing them may be unnecessary at best and culd give yu prer results at wrst.
A classic example is the lng-held idea that watering plants arund nn n a sunny day shuld be avided，since it might harm their leaves.The explanatin is that tiny water drplets can act like lenses （透镜），fcusing the sun's rays nt leaves，resulting in scrched （灼伤的） leaves and reduced plant health.
Fur researchers set ut t learn mre，running experiments n living plants and carrying ut cmputer mdelling.They fund that spreading small glass spheres （球体） ver the surface f smth-leaved plants culd indeed have this effect，causing damage right acrss the leaf surface.But when this was repeated with actual water drplets，such damage didn't ccur.
This is because water behaves rather differently t glass.The shape f a water drplet n a leaf is mre elliptical （椭圆的） than spherical.The cmputer mdelling shwed that the extreme damage thrugh a lens f this shape wuld ccur when the sun was at a lw angle in the sky，that is，in the mrning r in the afternn.Hwever，the sun's strength at these times is t lw t cause any harm.Even if the light f the midday sun did smehw cme at the strngest angle，the heat at this time f day wuld always cause the water drplets t evaprate （蒸发） befre they had an effect.
S，if yur plants need a gd watering，give them sme water.Nt watering thirsty plants n a sunny day fr fear f leaf scrch will almst certainly lead t mre damage frm drught stress than culd be caused by the magnifying glass （放大镜） effect.While it remains generally true that the ideal time t water a plant is in the mrning r evening — t lessen the amunt f water that evaprates befre reaching the plant's rts — the evidence desn't supprt the idea that watering at midday will cause burning.
8.What is the lng-held idea talked abut in the passage! ______
A. Watering plants cunts a lt.
B. Plant leaves might act like lenses.
C. Watering at midday may harm plant health.
D. Sun's rays might be fcused nt water drplets.
9.What did the researchers find in the experiments with actual water drplets？ ______
A. The same degree f damage ccurred.
B. Damage was caused right acrss the leaf surface.
C. Unlike the glass spheres，the water drplets didn't damage leaves.
D. The smth-leaved plants were extremely affected by water drplets.
10.What is paragraph 4 mainly abut？ ______
A. The explanatin fr the finding.B. The prcess f the experiments.
C. The time f evaprating.D. The harm caused by the sunshine.
11.What can we learn frm the last paragraph？ ______
A. The lng-held idea is well wrth advcating.
B. Plants' rts get n water if watering ccurs at nn.
C. Watering in the mrning can prevent water evapratin.
D. Watering thirsty plants n a sunny nn makes sense.
D
"What if I tld yu that I murdered Basil？"
"Yu culdn't murder anyne，Drian.He prbably fell int the Seine frm a bus.By the way，where's that wnderful prtrait he did f yu？Oh!I remember nw.Yu tld me years ag that yu sent it t Selby Manr and that it gt lst r stlen n the way.What a pity!I wanted t buy it.I wish I had nw." Lrd Henry said.
"I never really liked it，" said Drian.
"Hw have yu kept yur yuth，Drian？Yu must have sme secret.I'm nly ten years lder than yu are，and I'm wrinkled and ld.Please，tell me yur secret.T get back my yuth，I'd d anything in the wrld，except take exercise，get up early，r be respectable."
When Drian arrived hme that night，he sent his servant t bed，and sat dwn n the sfa in the library.Then he began t think abut his life.
"I've been an evil influence n my friends，and I've ruined the lives f many gd yung peple，" he thught， "Ah!Why did I pray fr the prtrait t grw ld，and fr me t stay yung？I wrshiped beauty and eternal yuth，but they ruined me.It's better nt t think f the past.Nthing can change that.I must think f the future.James Vane is dead.Alan Campbell is dead，t.He sht himself ne night in his labratry."
"I'm safe nw，" he cntinued. "Basil painted the prtrait that ruined my life.I can't frgive him fr that.Everything is the prtrait's fault."
He began t wnder abut the prtrait. "If I'm gd，maybe the prtrait will becme beautiful again，" he thught. "I'll g and lk."
He tk the lamp frm the table and went upstairs.As he unlcked the dr，he smiled. "Yes，I'll be gd，" he thught， "I wn't be frightened f this prtrait any mre."
He went upstairs t the rm and lcked the dr.Then he pulled the purple clth ff the prtrait.He gave a cry f pain.The prtrait was mre hrrible.His face lked mre evil.There was new bld n the hand and n the feet.
Drian trembled with fear.Drian lked rund the rm and saw the knife that stabbed Basil Hallward.It was bright and shining.
"This knife killed the artist，and nw it will kill the artist's wrk，" he thught.
He grabbed the knife，and then he stabbed the prtrait with it.
12.What d we knw abut Lrd Henry frm the passage？ ______
A. He dubted slightly whether Drian murdered Basil.
B. He wuld d whatever he culd t get back his yuth.
C. The prtrait he wanted t buy was stlen by Selby Manr.
D. The truth abut hw Drian kept his yuth was hidden frm him.
13.What can we infer frm the passage？ ______
A. Drian admitted he was badly affected by his friends.
B. Alan Campbell sht himself ne night in his labratry.
C. Drian blamed his sufferings n the prtrait and Basil.
D. Drian wanted t kill himself s that the prtrait culd becme nrmal.
14.What des the underlined wrd "wrshiped" mean in paragraph 6？ ______
A. Admired.B. Deserved.C. Maintained.D. Ignred.
15.Why did Drian stab the prtrait at the end f the stry？ ______
A. Because the prtrait arused t much curisity f his friends.
B. Because the prtrait reflecting his sul made him suffer great pain.
C. Because he was jealus f the prtrait which wuld never grw ld.
D. Because he thught the prtrait wuld take his yuth and beauty away.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Have yu ever felt a wave f anxiety （焦虑） when ging ut in public？Have yu ever felt as if peple were talking abut yu r laughing at yu？（ 1） ______ .Luckily，here are three tips t help yu vercme this issue.
Understand the sptlight effect （焦点效应）
Many peple assume that they're being judged all the time but actually it may nly be ccasinal.Keeping this in mind，we can lk at thers and think t urselves， "Ah，they're prbably thinking abut themselves right nw".Whenever yu start feeling anxius utside，yu can remind yurself f this. （2） ______ .It will give yu an advantage in scial situatins.
Use cgnitive restructuring （认知重建）
（ 3） ______ .Fr example，yu stutter （结巴） a bit while talking with smene else.Then yu begin t wrry yu've messed up and that this persn nw thinks less f yu.In this situatin.yu can remind yurself that everyne stutters frm time t time.And since the sptlight effect exists，chances are this persn didn't even ntice it.This way f thinking will immediately relax yu.
（ 4） ______
If yu always run away frm a fear，yur bdy and mind will remember it as smething dangerus enugh t run away frm.But if yu face yur fears，ver time yur bdy will start t accept them as smething manageable.And yur anxiety shuld decrease little by little.Yu can take baby steps here.Start ff by saying thank yu t peple yu ften meet，such as cashiers r bus drivers.Then when yu feel cmfrtable enugh，mve n t making small talks with them. （5） ______ .This shuld help yu with yur anxiety.
A.Face yur fears
B.Talk t peple frequently
C.Yu can turn a blind eye t peple arund yu
D.Well，yu might be suffering frm scial anxiety
E.Yu can als try t fcus mre n thers than yurselves
F.Finally，yu can increase the amunt and depth f these talks
G.This is when yu questin the beliefs that cause yur anxiety
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
A by lived with his family n a farm.They had a beautiful dg.T prepare fr the duck hunting seasn （猎鸭季节），the by and the dg kept （1） ______ every day.
Duck hunting seasn finally （2） ______ .At the pnd，nly a few minutes passed befre the tw heard ducks flying verhead.The by （3） ______ three times，killing a duck，which landed in the center f the pnd.The dg，at a signal. （4） ______ tward the pnd.Hwever. （5） ______ swimming in the water，it walked n the （6） ______ .The by was （7） ______ His dg culd walk n water!
He knew seeing is believing，s he returned and led a neighbr t the （8） ______ .Shts fired and a duck killed，the by （9） ______ t his dg again t get the duck.Magically，the dg walked n the water again.
The by was bursting with （10） ______ when asking his neighbr. "Did yu see that？" The neighbr replied， "Yes，yur dg can't （11） ______ swim." The by sat in disbelief as his neighbr pinted ut a weakness f the dg rather than （12） ______ he had witnessed a wnder.
Peple ften dwnplays （轻视）thers' achievements which they're （13） ______ t achieve themselves.Dn't let this bring yu dwn.Just mve n and imprve yurself.Mrever，d give （14） ______ when peple accmplish smething wrthy f it.Pinting ut ther peple's shrtcmings desn't make yu （15） ______ .
21.A. swimmingB. trainingC. playingD. wandering
22.A. tk ffB. ran utC. came arundD. died dwn
23.A. castB. struckC. shtD. aimed
24.A. chargedB. jumpedC. rlledD. fell
25.A. mre thanB. instead fC. apart frmD. due t
26.A. iceB. surfaceC. stnesD. bank
27.A. relaxedB. satisfiedC. inspiredD. astnished
28.A. pndB. birdC. dgD. duck
29.A. wavedB. signaledC. screamedD. respnded
30.A. angerB. curisityC. prideD. cnfidence
31.A. evenB. everC. alwaysD. quite
32.A. questinB. understandC. findD. recgnize
33.A. likelyB. eagerC. unableD. cntent
34.A. adviceB. aidC. permissinD. credit
35.A. betterB. wrseC. selfishD. generus
四、单句语法填空：本大题共5小题，共5分。
36.Many peple came t help， ______ （ dnate） fd and clthes t charities.（所给词的适当形式填空）
37.Remember that yu d nt have t fully understand a pem ______ （ appreciate） it. （所给词的适当形式填空）
38.My daughter just lved her ballet classes，and always fund dance ______ （ relax） after a lng day at schl. （所给词的适当形式填空）
39.______ （ paint） n a five-meter-lng silk scrll，Qingming Scrll is a masterwrk f Chinese art. （所给词的适当形式填空）
40.I turned n the TV fr sme lcal news，nly ______ （ hear） that a hurricane was n its way. （所给词的适当形式填空）
五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
41.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If time travel was pssible，wdwrkers frm the Middle Ages wuld be surprised t see their wdwrking methds （1） ______ （ use） t rebuild Ntre Dame Cathedral （巴黎圣母院） tday
The famus religius center in Paris，France started being built mre than 800 years ag in 1163.It （2） ______ （ cmplete） in1345.A fire in April 2019 caused extensive damage t the rf
Nw，mdern-day wdwrkers are wrking with hand tls like wrkers frm the Middle Ages （3） ______ （ put） tgether the new rf.It has given them a new （4） ______ （ appreciate） f wdwrking methds first used in the 13th century.
The use f hand tls t rebuild the rf was （5） ______ chice，especially since pwer tls wuld have dne the wrk mre quickly.The aim is t remember the skills f the cathedral's builders and t ensure that the centuries-ld art f wdwrking （6） ______ hand lives n.
With the gal t repen the cathedral by December 2024，wrkers are als using cmputer designs and ther mdern （7） ______ （ technlgy） t quicken the rebuilding.Cmputers were used in the drawings f detailed plans fr wdwrkers t help ensure that their hand-made wd pieces fit tgether （8） ______ （ perfect）.
Remi Frmnt，（ 9） ______ created detailed drawings f the riginal frame （框架）in 2012 said the aim was t create the wden frame structure that disappeared during the fire f April 15，2019.
"The rebuilt frame （10） ______ （ be） the same wden frame structure f the 13th century，" he added. "We have exactly the same material：ak.We have the same tls.We have the same knw-hw.And sn，it will return t its same place."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共5分。
42.Our cmfrt fds are highly （1） ______ .They vary frm persn t persn，depending n ur wn unique experiences that have （2） ______ ur lives.If we grw up eating certain fds in ur family，then thse fds tend t be linked with psitive（3） ______ .Fr example，we ften cnnect chicken sup with a happy childhd and its（4） ______ becmes tied up with the feeling f being taken care f.When we eat it again，we（5） ______ memries f a time when we were lved and lked after，and this cheers us up.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
43.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I'm a talker—I have a habit f talking t every persn I see—but that afternn in March 2015，I sat beside my husband Andy n the 45-minute drive hme frm the Marcus Autism Center withut saying a wrd.My tw-and-a-half-year-ld sn Wesley had just been diagnsed（诊断） with autism spectrum disrder （自闭症谱系障碍）.
I'd been given instructins and suggestins and tld t sign up fr classes，but I knew we culd never affrd any.Out f everything the specialists had said，the nly wrd I culd remember was scializatin-key fr Wesley t develp scial skills.In the car，I tried hard t cme up with ways t make his wrld mre scial.Then the strangest idea came t mind，s strange that I blurted （脱口而出） it ut. "We need a dg!"
Andy lked at me as if I were crazy. "What are yu talking abut，Rachel？Yu dn't ever really like dgs." That was true.I had had bad experiences with dgs grwing up. "And hw are we ging t affrd a dg right nw？" Yes，anther big questin.But smehw I culdn't shake the idea.
A cuple f weeks later，I was utside playing with Wesley，when a new neighbr walked ver with a black curly-cated dg.When we were chatting，her medium-sized dg ran and jumped playfully between the bys.He was s gentle；he didn't jump n peple the way I'd seen a lt f dgs d.I watched，amazed.It was as if he knew exactly hw careful t be with each f them.
"What breed （品种） is he？" I asked. "He's an Aussieddle （贵宾澳牧），" She said prudly.Then she cntinued， "He was bred （培育） by a wman called Mary，wh has three autistic （自闭症的） sns.She fund that Aussieddles wrk perfectly as service dgs.I can give yu her phne number if yu want ne."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
"Was this fr real？We need an Aussieddle!" I said.
_______
Then Andy and I drve t Mary's hme，and picked a dg called Berry.
_______
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据The Lyndn Oratri-Sl Cmpetitin部分中Initial （最初的） entries and runds are nline.Hwever，finals are held at Carnegie Hall in New Yrk City with cnsiderable cash prizes awarded.（初始的报名和轮次在线进行。但是，决赛在纽约市的卡内基音乐厅举行，并颁发可观的现金奖励。）可知，这个比赛的特别之处在于并不是所有的歌唱比赛都在线上举行。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据MacrDazzle部分中MacrDazzle accepts karake，sing-alng，and even self-accmpanied singing frm cmpetitrs f all ages.（MacrDazzle接受所有年龄段的参赛者的卡拉OK、合唱，甚至是自己伴奏的歌唱。）可知，MacrDazzle比赛没有设置参赛年龄限制。故选D。
（3）写作意图题。根据第一段中Yu can still shw ff yur vcal skills and cmpete （竞赛） fr recgnitin in ne f the many nline singing cmpetitins acrss the cuntry.（你仍然可以在全国众多的线上歌唱比赛中展示你的声乐技巧，争取认可。）可推知，文章的目的是介绍一些线上歌唱比赛。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章为想要展示声乐技巧获得认可的读者介绍了四个线上的歌唱比赛。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】D、C、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中N ne knws exactly hw the 12 animals came t be named.But ancient strytellers said the Jade Emperr，r the Buddha，rganized a race acrss a river fr all the animals in the wrld.The first 12 t reach the ther side wuld appear in the zdiac.（没有人确切知道这12种动物是如何被命名的。但古代的故事讲述者说，玉皇大帝或佛陀组织了一场世界上所有动物的过河比赛。最先到达另一边的12个将出现在黄道十二宫。）和第三段中In the Chinese versin f the stry，the cat and the rat were riding acrss a river n an x when the rat pushed the cat int the water.（在这个故事的中国版本中，猫和老鼠骑着牛过河，老鼠把猫推到了水里。）和第四段中Hwever，in the Vietnamese versin which did nt have a rabbit，the cat culd swim and ended up arriving furth.（然而，在没有兔子的越南版本中，猫会游泳，最终获得第四名。）可知，文中用动物过河的比赛来探究两个国家生肖不一样的原因。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据第三段中By the time the rabbit wke up， three thers had already arrived.（当兔子醒来的时候，另外三种动物已经到了。）和第四段中The tp twelve finishers which appear in the zdiac were rat，x，tiger，cat （r rabbit），dragn，snake，hrse，gat，mnkey，rster，dg，and pig.（十二生肖中排名前十二的是鼠、牛、虎、猫（或兔）、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗和猪。）可知，句中"three thers"是指排在猫（兔）前面的鼠、牛和虎。A．The rat，the x and the hrse老鼠、牛和马；B．The tiger，the cat and the x老虎、猫和牛；C．The rat，the x and the tiger老鼠、牛和老虎；D．The cat，the rat and the snake猫、老鼠和蛇。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中He said in ld Chinese，there is a little-used wrd tied t the sign f the rabbit （卯） that is prnunced like ma.The prnunciatin is similar t mè，the Vietnamese wrd fr cat.（他说，在古汉语中，有一个很少使用的词与兔子的宫 （卯） 有关，它发音像"ma"。其发音类似于越南语中表示猫的单词"mè"。）可知，Papin认为两种语言中某些词的发音相似导致在越南生肖中兔子被猫替换。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中And ne f the tp Ggle searches in Vietnam is "why there is n cat in the Chinese zdiac."（越南最热门的谷歌搜索之一是"为什么中国十二生肖里没有猫"。）可知，在越南，猫年或兔年引起了公众的兴趣。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了越南生肖与中国生肖的区别。在越南生肖中猫取代了中国生肖中兔子。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中A classic example is the lng-held idea that watering plants arund nn n a sunny day shuld be avided，since it might harm their leaves.（一个经典的例子是，长期以来人们一直认为，应该避免在晴天的中午给植物浇水，因为这可能会伤害它们的叶子。）可知，文中讨论的人们长期持有的观点是中午浇水可能会损害植物健康。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中They fund that spreading small glass spheres （球体） ver the surface f smth-leaved plants culd indeed have this effect，causing damage right acrss the leaf surface.But when this was repeated with actual water drplets，such damage didn't ccur.（他们发现，在光滑叶子的植物表面散布小玻璃球确实会产生这种效果，在叶子表面造成损害。但是，当用真正的水滴重复这个过程时，这种损害没有发生。）可知，研究人员用真正的水滴进行实验发现与玻璃球不同，水滴不会损害树叶。故选C。
（3）段落大意题。根据第四段This is because water behaves rather differently t glass.The shape f a water drplet n a leaf is mre elliptical （椭圆的） than spherical.The cmputer mdelling shwed that the extreme damage thrugh a lens f this shape wuld ccur when the sun was at a lw angle in the sky，that is，in the mrning r in the afternn.Hwever，the sun's strength at these times is t lw t cause any harm.Even if the light f the midday sun did smehw cme at the strngest angle，the heat at this time f day wuld always cause the water drplets t evaprate （蒸发） befre they had an effect.（这是因为水的表现与玻璃大不相同。叶子上水滴的形状与其说是球形，不如说是椭圆形。计算机模拟表明，当太阳处于较低的角度时，即在早晨或下午，这种形状的透镜会产生极大的损伤。然而，这些时候的太阳强度太低，不会造成任何伤害。即使正午的阳光确实以最强的角度照进来，一天中这个时候的热量也总是会导致水滴在产生效果之前蒸发掉。）可知，第四段中说明了为什么真正的水滴不会损害树叶，是对上文研究结果的解释。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中S，if yur plants need a gd watering，give them sme water.Nt watering thirsty plants n a sunny day fr fear f leaf scrch will almst certainly lead t mre damage frm drught stress than culd be caused by the magnifying glass （放大镜） effect.（所以，如果你的植物需要好好浇水，给它们一些水。在阳光明媚的日子里，因为害怕叶子被烧焦而不给口渴的植物浇水，几乎肯定会导致干旱压力，造成比放大镜效应更大的损害。）和最后一句the evidence desn't supprt the idea that watering at midday will cause burning.（证据并不支持中午浇水会引起叶子被烧焦的观点。）可知，在阳光明媚的中午给口渴的植物浇水是可行的。选项D．Watering thirsty plants n a sunny nn makes sense.（在阳光明媚的中午给口渴的植物浇水是有道理的）符合题意。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了研究发现在晴天中午给植物浇水可能会伤害它们的叶子这一观点是错误的。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】D、C、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第四段亨利勋爵所说的话Yu must have sme secret.I'm nly ten years lder than yu are，and I'm wrinkled and ld.Please，tell me yur secret（你一定有什么秘密。我只比你大十岁，而且我又皱又老。请告诉我你的秘密），可知亨利勋爵不知道多里安保持年轻的秘密，所以多里安对亨利勋爵隐藏了保持年轻的秘密，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第七段多里安所说的话Basil painted the prtrait that ruined my life.I can't frgive him fr that.Everything is the prtrait's fault（巴兹尔画的肖像毁了我的生活。我不能原谅他所做的。一切都是肖像画的错），可知多里安认为他所遭受的痛苦都来自巴兹尔和他所画的肖像，故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据上文"Ah!Why did I pray fr the prtrait t grw ld，and fr me t stay yung？I wrshiped beauty and eternal yuth，but they ruined me（啊！为什么我要祈祷这幅肖像变老，让我保持年轻？我崇拜美丽和永恒的青春，但它们毁了我），可知美丽是他所崇尚的，A.admired"被赞美的，被敬仰的"；B．Deserved（不值一提）；C．Maintained（维护）D．Ignred（忽视），所以admired是wrship的近义词，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第十段的Then he pulled the purple clth ff the prtrait.He gave a cry f pain.The prtrait was mre hrrible.His face lked mre evil.There was new bld n the hand and n the feet.（然后他把画像上的紫色布料扯下来。他痛苦地叫了一声。画像更可怕。他的脸看起来更邪恶。手上和脚上都有新血）；第十一段Drian trembled with fear.Drian lked rund the rm and saw the knife that stabbed Basil Hallward.It was bright and shining（多里安吓得浑身发抖。多里安环视了一下房间，看到了刺伤巴兹尔•霍尔沃德的那把刀。它闪闪发光）；第十二段 "This knife killed the artist，and nw it will kill the artist's wrk，" he thught（他想："这把刀杀死了艺术家，现在它将杀死艺术家的作品"）；以及最后一段He grabbed the knife，and then he stabbed the prtrait with it（他抓起刀，然后用刀刺伤了肖像），可知多里安刺穿画像，是因为他觉得这幅反应他的灵魂的画像给他带来了痛苦，故选B。
这是一篇小说节选。作者描述了多里安切对于真正美丽的理解过程。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】D、E、G、A、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据下文Luckily，here are three tips t help yu vercme this issue.（幸运地是，这里有三个技巧可以帮助你克服这个问题。）中"this issue"可知，设空句会提出一个"问题"，结合上文Have yu ever felt a wave f anxiety （焦虑） when ging ut in public？Have yu ever felt as if peple were talking abut yu r laughing at yu？（当你在公共场合外出时，你是否曾感到一阵焦虑？你是否曾经觉得人们在谈论你或嘲笑你？）可知，这一问题社交有关，D项"好吧，你可能患有社交焦虑症"承接上文，提出问题，句中"scial anxiety"即下文中"this issue"。故选D项。
（2）联系上文题。上文Many peple assume that they're being judged all the time but actually it may nly be ccasinal.（许多人认为他们一直在被评判，但实际上可能只是偶尔。）提出焦点效应，指出人们高估周围人对自己外表和行为关注度，这会引起焦虑，E项"你也可以试着多关注别人而不是自己"给出建议：试着多关注别人而不是自己，句中"Yu can als..."与上一条建议"...，yu can remind yurself f this."构成并列关系，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
（3）推理判断题。根据小标题Use cgnitive restructuring （认知重建），可知本段建议重建自己的认知，G项"这是质疑导致你焦虑的观点的时候"解释了什么是重建自己的认知，即对自己的一些观点提出质疑，改变自己的一引起看法。下文Fr example，yu stutter （结巴） a bit while talking with smene else.Then yu begin t wrry yu've messed up and that this persn nw thinks less f yu.In this situatin，yu can remind yurself that everyne stutters frm time t time.（例如，你和别人说话时有点口吃。然后你开始担心你搞砸了，担心这个人现在看不起你了。在这种情况下。你可以提醒自己，每个人都会时不时地结巴。）用具体事例进行举例说明，句中"remind yurself that everyne stutters frm time t time"即一种认知的重建，一种看法的改变。上下文语意一致。故选G项。
（4）段落标题题。设空句是段首小标题，根据段中If yu always run away frm a fear，yur bdy and mind will remember it as smething dangerus enugh t run away frm.But if yu face yur fears，ver time yur bdy will start t accept them as smething manageable.（如果你总是逃避恐惧，你的身体和头脑会记住它是足够危险的东西，需要来逃避。但如果你直面你的恐惧，随着时间的推移，你的身体会开始接受它们，认为它们是可以控制的。）可知，本段讲直面你的恐惧。所以A项"面对你的恐惧"是最佳标题。故选A项。
（5）联系上文题。上文Yu can take baby steps here.Start ff by saying thank yu t peple yu ften meet，such as cashiers r bus drivers.Then when yu feel cmfrtable enugh，mve n t making small talks with them.（你可以从这里开始。从对你经常遇到的人说声谢谢开始，比如收银员或公交车司机。然后当你觉得足够舒服的时候，继续和他们闲聊。）讲如何展开与其它人的对话，遵循"baby steps"的步骤，句中分别用了"Start ff"和"mve n"来表示循序渐近的过程，F项"最后，你可以增加谈话的数量和深度"承接上文，说明最终达到的结果"increase the amunt and depth f these talks"，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何克服社交焦虑症。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、C、C、A、B、B、D、A、B、C、A、D、C、D、A
【解析】（1）考查动名词及语境理解。A.swimming游泳；B.training训练；C.playing玩；D.wandering徘徊。根据上文"T prepare fr the duck hunting seasn"可知，此处指男孩和狗坚持训练为了能准备好即将到来的猎鸭季节。故选B。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.tk ff起飞、脱下；B.ran ut用完、用光；C.came arund发生、再度出现；D.died dwn渐渐消失。根据上文"T prepare fr the duck hunting seasn"可知，此处指猎鸭季到了。故选C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.cast投掷；B.struck打击；罢工；C.sht射击；D.aimed瞄准。根据上文"Duck hunting seasn"及下文"killing a duck"可知，此处指男孩射击了三次，故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.charged向……冲去；B.jumped跳；C.rlled翻滚；D.fell摔倒。根据下文"t his dg again t get the duck"可知，此处指狗冲向池塘去取回男孩刚刚射杀的鸭子。故选A。
（5）考查短语及语境理解。A.mre than不仅仅；B.instead f代替、而不是；C.apart frm除……之外；D.due t由于。根据下文"His dg culd walk n water!"可知，此处是相对于前文理应是游泳去抓鸭子，狗却是走在水面上。故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.ice冰；B.surface表面；C.stnes石头；D.bank岸边。根据下文"His dg culd walk n water!"可知，此处指狗在水面上走。故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.relaxed感到放松的；B.satisfied感到满意的；C.inspired受到鼓舞的；D.astnished感到惊讶的。根据下文"His dg culd walk n water!"可知，此处指看到狗在水面上行走，男孩是感到惊讶的。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.pnd池塘；B.bird鸟；C.dg狗；D.duck鸭子。根据上文"The by （3） three times，killing a duck，which landed in the center f the pnd."下文"Shts fired and a duck killed"可知，此处指男孩把他的邻居带到了猎杀鸭子的那个池塘边。故选A。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.waved挥手；B.signaled发信号；示意；C.screamed尖叫；D.respnded回应。根据上文"The dg，at a signal， （4）tward the pnd"可知，此处指男孩给狗示意，让狗去把鸭子带回来。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.anger愤怒；生气；B.curisity好奇心；C.pride骄傲、自豪；D.cnfidence自信心。根据上文"the dg walked n the water again"可知，男孩向他的邻居展示自己的狗可以在水面上行走，可知男孩是自豪的。故选C。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.even甚至；B.ever曾经；C.always一直、总是；D.quite十分、很。根据空处前后内容可知，这里指男孩的邻居说男孩的狗不会游泳。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.questin询问；B.understand理解；C.find找到；D.recgnize承认，认可。根据上文"his neighbr pinted ut a weakness f the dg rather than "及下文"he had witnessed a wnder"可知，此处指男孩的邻居不认为是一个奇迹，认为这是狗的一个弱点。故选D。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.likely可能的；B.eager渴望的；C.unable不能的；D.cntent满意的。根据上文"Peple ften dwnplays （轻视）thers' achievements "可知，别人取得的成就是自己不能实现的。故选C。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.advice建议；B.aid帮助；C.permissin许可；承诺；D.credit表扬。根据下文"when peple accmplish smething wrthy f it"可知，当人们完成了值得表扬的事情，要表扬。故选D。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.wrse更糟糕的；C.selfish自私的；D.generus慷慨的。根据上文"Just mve n and imprve yurself. "及"Pinting ut ther peple's shrtcmings desn't make yu "可知，这里指人们要不断的改善自己，让自己变得更好，所以指出别人的错误并不能让自己达到更好。故选A。
这篇短文讲述了一个男孩和他的狗在鸭子狩猎季的故事。男孩的狗能够在水上行走，但当他向邻居展示这一奇迹时，邻居却只关注到狗不会游泳这一缺点。文章通过这个故事告诫人们，人们常常会忽视他人的成就，只看到他们的缺点，但我们不能因此而气馁，要继续前进，提高自己。同时，当他人有值得赞扬的成就时，我们也应给予赞扬，指出他人的短处并不能使我们变得更好。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】dnating
【解析】分析句子可知，（dnate） fd and clthes t charities作伴随状语，dnate是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语peple之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动和同时发生。
故填：dnating。
许多人前来帮忙，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
37.【答案】t appreciate
【解析】根据句意和所给动词appreciate分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式t appreciate作目的状语。
故填：t appreciate。
记住，要欣赏一首诗，你不必完全理解它。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
38.【答案】relaxing
【解析】分析句子可知，空处在句中作补语，根据结构：find+ 宾语+ 形容词，所以空处应填入形容词作宾补，对dance进行描述，所以应用-ing的形容词relaxing"令人放松的"。
故填：relaxing。
我女儿非常喜欢她的芭蕾课，在学校度过漫长的一天后，她总是觉得跳舞是一种放松。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
39.【答案】Painted
【解析】句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词作状语，Qingming Scrll和paint之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，句首字母大写。
故填：Painted。
《清明上河图》绘在五米长的丝绸卷轴上，是中国艺术的杰作。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
40.【答案】t hear
【解析】t d sth.作结果状语，表示"意料之外的结果"；ding sth.作结果状语，表示"意料之中的结果"。此处应是前者。
故填：t hear。
我打开电视看一些本地新闻，却听到飓风就要来了。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
41.【答案】【小题1】being used
【小题2】was cmpleted
【小题3】t put
【小题4】appreciatin
【小题5】a
【小题6】by
【小题7】technlgies
【小题8】perfectly
【小题9】wh
【小题10】is
【解析】（1）考查现在分词的被动形式。句意：如果时间旅行是可能的，中世纪的木工会惊讶地看到他们的木工方法被用来重建今天的巴黎圣母院。此处为see+宾语+宾补结构，use与methds构成被动关系且强调今天正在被使用，故用being dne形式。故填being used。
（2）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它于1345年完工。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据in 1345可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填was cmpleted。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：现在，现代的木工像中世纪的工人一样用手工工具组装新屋顶。此处put在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填t put。
（4）考查可数名词的单数。句意：它让他们对13世纪首次使用的木工方法有了新的认识。作宾语，结合不定冠词可知用单数名词appreciatin。故填appreciatin。
（5）考查冠词。句意：使用手动工具重建屋顶是一种选择，特别是因为电动工具可以更快地完成工作。名词chice为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
（6）考查介词。句意：这样做的目的是为了纪念大教堂建造者的技艺，并确保有数世纪历史的手工木工艺术得以延续。表示"手工"短语为by hand。故填by。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：为了在2024年12月之前重新开放大教堂，工人们还使用计算机设计和其他现代技术来加快重建速度。technlgy为可数名词，由ther可知应用复数形式。故填technlgies。
（8）考查副词。句意：计算机被用于绘制木工的详细计划，以帮助确保他们手工制作的木片完美地贴合在一起。修饰动词fit应用副词perfectly，作状语。故填perfectly。
（9）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：Remi Frmnt在2012年绘制了原始框架的详细图纸，他说，这样做的目的是创造在2019年4月15日火灾中消失的木制框架结构。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Remi Frmnt，在从句中作主语，指人，故填wh。
（10）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意："重建的框架与13世纪的木制框架结构相同，"他补充说。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The rebuilt frame，谓语用单数。故填is。
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中世纪的木工方法被用来重建巴黎圣母院。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
42.【答案】【小题1】individual
【小题2】shaped
【小题3】emtins
【小题4】flavur/flavr
【小题5】unlck
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：我们（感到）舒适食物（的态度）是高度个性化的。根据下文"They vary frm persn t persn"可知，对食物的感受是因人而异的，所以空处指"个人的，独特的"，形容词individual"独特的，与众不同的"，故填individual。
（2）考查动词及时态。句意：它们因人而异，取决于我们自己独特的经历，这些经历塑造了我们的生活。结合句意可知，此处指"塑造，形成"，及物动词shape，意为"塑造，形成"符合题意，结合空前助动词have，所以此处的是为现在完成时，故填shaped。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：如果我们在家里吃着某些食物长大，那么这些食物往往与积极的情绪有关。根据句意可知，空处的含义为"情绪"，名词emtin"情绪"为可数名词，结合句中"fds tend t be linked with"可知，此处表示复数含义，故填emtins。
（4）考查名词。句意：例如，我们经常把鸡汤和快乐的童年联系在一起，它的味道和被照顾的感觉联系在一起。根据句意可知，空处的内容为"味道"，名词flavur"味道"，其形式也可以为flavr，为可数名词的单数，故填flavur/flavr。
（5）考查动词和时态。句意：当我们再次吃它的时候，我们就会回忆起一段被爱和被照顾的时光，这让我们高兴起来。根据句意可知，空处的内容为"打开，发现"，动词unlck"发现，揭开"为及物动词，根据前文"eat"可知，时态为一般现在时，故填unlck。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了的人们在成长中食用的某种食物常常和积极的情绪有关，因此当我们再次吃它的时候，我们就会回忆起一段被爱和被照顾的时光，这让我们高兴起来。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
43.【答案】"Was this fr real？We need an Aussieddle!" I said.After getting Mary's number，I flew int the huse and caught her.On the phne，Mary shared with us hw her dg had helped her kids while Andy and I listened with increasingly excitement and hpe.Yet I had t ask Mary t keep ne dg fr us until we gt enugh mney.T ur great surprise，Mary ffered t give us ne fr free，saying she knew exactly what the dg meant t us.【高分句型一】Her genersity brught tears t ur eyes.（我联系到Mary，讲述儿子的情况，以及Mary决定送一只贵宾澳牧）
Then Andy and I drve t Mary's hme，and picked a dg called Berry.Berry run arund Wesley like an energetic black ball.Wesley was bviusly amused when Berry licked his hand friendly.And his eyes lit up when Berry didn't reject his hug.Frm that day n，nbdy culd tear them apart.When they were utdrs，peple ften came t Wesley with questins abut his cute cmpanin.Slwly but surely，I witnessed my by，wh used t shut his dr t thers，becming mre scial and mre cheerful.【高分句型二】Everyne knew it was Berry wh helped pen the dr.（巴里帮助我的儿子逐渐康复）
【解析】本文为记叙文，主要讲述我是一个健谈的人，在得知我两岁半的儿子韦斯利刚刚被诊断出患有自闭症谱系障碍时，我坐在车里一语不发。坐在车里，我冥想着专家们说的社会化的含义。最终我提出我们需要一只狗的想法。丈夫对我的这个想法很惊讶。几周后，当我和韦斯利在外面玩的时候，一个新邻居牵着一只黑色的卷毛狗走了过来。通过聊天我得知这是一只贵宾澳牧。邻居讲到说这只狗是一个叫玛丽的女人培育的，同时提到玛丽有三个患有自闭症的儿子。玛丽发现澳洲贵宾作为服务犬的表现非常好。
高分句型一：T ur great surprise，Mary ffered t give us ne fr free，saying she knew exactly what the dg meant t us.
译文：令我们非常惊讶的是，玛丽主动提出免费给我们一只，说她很清楚这只狗对我们意味着什么。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语saying she knew exactly what the dg meant t us作状语。
高分句型二：Slwly but surely，I witnessed my by，wh used t shut his dr t thers，becming mre scial and mre cheerful.
译文：慢慢但肯定的是，我见证了我的儿子，他过去常常对别人关起门来，变得越来越善于交际，越来越开朗。
分析：这句话使用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词短语becming mre scial and mre cheerful作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Can't enter the next American Idl r The Vice singing auditin （试唱）？That's alright!Yu can still shw ff yur vcal skills and cmpete （竞赛） fr recgnitin in ne f the many nline singing cmpetitins acrss the cuntry.Belw are several wrth checking ut!
The Lyndn Oratri-Sl Cmpetitin
Fr the under-30 crwd，this internatinal sl cmpetitin fcuses fully n ratri singing.Initial （最初的） entries and runds are nline.Hwever，finals are held at Carnegie Hall in New Yrk City with cnsiderable cash prizes awarded.
The Hal Lenard Vcal Cmpetitin
The nly singing cmpetitin fr all f Nrth America aimed at yung singers aged 23 and under，this is ne f the first nline singing cmpetitins created.It charges nthing t enter，making it accessible t all qualified （有资格的） Nrth American singers.Vide auditins are all handed in thrugh YuTube.Prizes include cash and gift certificates （证书）.
Singist
Fr thse 18 and up，Singist ffers mnthly nline singing cmpetitins.Yu can auditin t be entered in the mnthly cntest fr free，r sign up fr a "Perfrmer Plan" at ＄4 per mnth and enter yurself.Vides must be riginal，featuring any sng yu chse，and nt psted n any ther site.Registered （注册的） Singist users vte n a mnthly winner，and scial media sharing is encuraged.Small cash prizes in the ＄5 — 25 range are awarded t mnthly winners.
MacrDazzle
MacrDazzle accepts karake，sing-alng，and even self-accmpanied singing frm cmpetitrs f all ages.Thse ver 18 are qualified fr cash prizes，and children are qualified fr gift certificates and nn-mnetary prizes.A ＄16 entry fee is required fr cash cmpetitins.
1.What is special abut the Lyndn Oratria-Sl Cmpetitin？ ______
A. It awards nn-mnetary prizes.
B. It desn't invlve any ffline activity.
C. Nt all its singing cmpetitins are held nline.
D. Online runds are held with cash prizes ffered.
2.Which cmpetitin sets n age limit n entering？ ______
A. The Lyndn Oratri-Sl Cmpetitin.
B. Singist.
C. The Hal Lenard Vcal Cmpetitin.
D. MacrDazzle.
3.What is the purpse f the text？ ______
A. T persuade singers t shw ff their skills.
B. T intrduce sme nline singing cmpetitins.
C. T tell the differences between sme cmpetitins.
D. T give advice n hw t present vcal skills.
B
The year 2023 is called the Year f the Rabbit in China and the Year f the Cat in Vietnam.Hw the cat replaced the rabbit in Vietnam is still the subject f debate （争论）.
Bth cuntries fllw a calendar based n 12 signs f a zdiac （生肖） represented by 12 animals.N ne knws exactly hw the 12 animals came t be named.But ancient strytellers said the Jade Emperr，r the Buddha，rganized a race acrss a river fr all the animals in the wrld.The first 12 t reach the ther side wuld appear in the zdiac.
In the Chinese versin f the stry，the cat and the rat were riding acrss a river n an x when the rat pushed the cat int the water.The rat wn the race，turning the tw animals int enemies.That is why cats have been hunting rats ever since.As t the rabbit，it crssed the river by jumping n the tps f stnes in the river.When the rabbit gt there，n thers were arund，s it went ff t the side and slept.By the time the rabbit wke up， three thers had already arrived.
Hwever，in the Vietnamese versin which did nt have a rabbit，the cat culd swim and ended up arriving furth.The tp twelve finishers which appear in the zdiac were rat，x，tiger，cat （r rabbit），dragn，snake，hrse，gat，mnkey，rster，dg，and pig.
Philippe Papin is an expert n Vietnamese histry at the Ecle Pratique des Hautes Etudes in Paris.He tld the Nrthwest Asian Weekly in 2011 that ne pssible explanatin fr replacing rabbit with cat might have t d with language.
He said in ld Chinese，there is a little-used wrd tied t the sign f the rabbit （卯） that is prnunced like ma.The prnunciatin is similar t mè，the Vietnamese wrd fr cat.
This year，anther website，VNExpress，said many Vietnamese are buying new cat-themed cases fr their mbile phnes.And ne f the tp Ggle searches in Vietnam is "why there is n cat in the Chinese zdiac."
4.The race f animals is mentined t explre ______ .
A. the reasn fr the victry f the cat
B. hw the 12 animals were selected in China
C. hw the rabbit gt replaced by the cat in China's zdiac
D. the reasns behind the difference between the tw zdiacs
5.What des "three thers" in paragraph 3 refer t？ ______
A. The rat，the x and the hrse.B. The tiger，the cat and the x.
C. The rat，the x and the tiger.D. The cat，the rat and the snake
6.What caused the rabbit t be replaced accrding t Papin？ ______
A. The race rganized by the Jade Emperr.
B. The different custms f the tw cuntries
C. The excellent perfrmance f the Vietnamese cat
D. The similar prnunciatin f certain wrds in the tw languages
7.What des the last paragraph imply？ ______
A. The Year f the cat r the rabbit raises public interest in Vietnam.
B. Ggle plays an increasingly imprtant rle in Vietnam.
C. Rabbit-themed cases fr mbile phnes becme a hit in China.
D. Cat-themed cases fr mbile phnes enjy ppularity in China.
C
Gardening's many "rules" have been repeated s ften that they can seem like unquestinable truths.But many have little basis in fact，s fllwing them may be unnecessary at best and culd give yu prer results at wrst.
A classic example is the lng-held idea that watering plants arund nn n a sunny day shuld be avided，since it might harm their leaves.The explanatin is that tiny water drplets can act like lenses （透镜），fcusing the sun's rays nt leaves，resulting in scrched （灼伤的） leaves and reduced plant health.
Fur researchers set ut t learn mre，running experiments n living plants and carrying ut cmputer mdelling.They fund that spreading small glass spheres （球体） ver the surface f smth-leaved plants culd indeed have this effect，causing damage right acrss the leaf surface.But when this was repeated with actual water drplets，such damage didn't ccur.
This is because water behaves rather differently t glass.The shape f a water drplet n a leaf is mre elliptical （椭圆的） than spherical.The cmputer mdelling shwed that the extreme damage thrugh a lens f this shape wuld ccur when the sun was at a lw angle in the sky，that is，in the mrning r in the afternn.Hwever，the sun's strength at these times is t lw t cause any harm.Even if the light f the midday sun did smehw cme at the strngest angle，the heat at this time f day wuld always cause the water drplets t evaprate （蒸发） befre they had an effect.
S，if yur plants need a gd watering，give them sme water.Nt watering thirsty plants n a sunny day fr fear f leaf scrch will almst certainly lead t mre damage frm drught stress than culd be caused by the magnifying glass （放大镜） effect.While it remains generally true that the ideal time t water a plant is in the mrning r evening — t lessen the amunt f water that evaprates befre reaching the plant's rts — the evidence desn't supprt the idea that watering at midday will cause burning.
8.What is the lng-held idea talked abut in the passage! ______
A. Watering plants cunts a lt.
B. Plant leaves might act like lenses.
C. Watering at midday may harm plant health.
D. Sun's rays might be fcused nt water drplets.
9.What did the researchers find in the experiments with actual water drplets？ ______
A. The same degree f damage ccurred.
B. Damage was caused right acrss the leaf surface.
C. Unlike the glass spheres，the water drplets didn't damage leaves.
D. The smth-leaved plants were extremely affected by water drplets.
10.What is paragraph 4 mainly abut？ ______
A. The explanatin fr the finding.B. The prcess f the experiments.
C. The time f evaprating.D. The harm caused by the sunshine.
11.What can we learn frm the last paragraph？ ______
A. The lng-held idea is well wrth advcating.
B. Plants' rts get n water if watering ccurs at nn.
C. Watering in the mrning can prevent water evapratin.
D. Watering thirsty plants n a sunny nn makes sense.
D
"What if I tld yu that I murdered Basil？"
"Yu culdn't murder anyne，Drian.He prbably fell int the Seine frm a bus.By the way，where's that wnderful prtrait he did f yu？Oh!I remember nw.Yu tld me years ag that yu sent it t Selby Manr and that it gt lst r stlen n the way.What a pity!I wanted t buy it.I wish I had nw." Lrd Henry said.
"I never really liked it，" said Drian.
"Hw have yu kept yur yuth，Drian？Yu must have sme secret.I'm nly ten years lder than yu are，and I'm wrinkled and ld.Please，tell me yur secret.T get back my yuth，I'd d anything in the wrld，except take exercise，get up early，r be respectable."
When Drian arrived hme that night，he sent his servant t bed，and sat dwn n the sfa in the library.Then he began t think abut his life.
"I've been an evil influence n my friends，and I've ruined the lives f many gd yung peple，" he thught， "Ah!Why did I pray fr the prtrait t grw ld，and fr me t stay yung？I wrshiped beauty and eternal yuth，but they ruined me.It's better nt t think f the past.Nthing can change that.I must think f the future.James Vane is dead.Alan Campbell is dead，t.He sht himself ne night in his labratry."
"I'm safe nw，" he cntinued. "Basil painted the prtrait that ruined my life.I can't frgive him fr that.Everything is the prtrait's fault."
He began t wnder abut the prtrait. "If I'm gd，maybe the prtrait will becme beautiful again，" he thught. "I'll g and lk."
He tk the lamp frm the table and went upstairs.As he unlcked the dr，he smiled. "Yes，I'll be gd，" he thught， "I wn't be frightened f this prtrait any mre."
He went upstairs t the rm and lcked the dr.Then he pulled the purple clth ff the prtrait.He gave a cry f pain.The prtrait was mre hrrible.His face lked mre evil.There was new bld n the hand and n the feet.
Drian trembled with fear.Drian lked rund the rm and saw the knife that stabbed Basil Hallward.It was bright and shining.
"This knife killed the artist，and nw it will kill the artist's wrk，" he thught.
He grabbed the knife，and then he stabbed the prtrait with it.
12.What d we knw abut Lrd Henry frm the passage？ ______
A. He dubted slightly whether Drian murdered Basil.
B. He wuld d whatever he culd t get back his yuth.
C. The prtrait he wanted t buy was stlen by Selby Manr.
D. The truth abut hw Drian kept his yuth was hidden frm him.
13.What can we infer frm the passage？ ______
A. Drian admitted he was badly affected by his friends.
B. Alan Campbell sht himself ne night in his labratry.
C. Drian blamed his sufferings n the prtrait and Basil.
D. Drian wanted t kill himself s that the prtrait culd becme nrmal.
14.What des the underlined wrd "wrshiped" mean in paragraph 6？ ______
A. Admired.B. Deserved.C. Maintained.D. Ignred.
15.Why did Drian stab the prtrait at the end f the stry？ ______
A. Because the prtrait arused t much curisity f his friends.
B. Because the prtrait reflecting his sul made him suffer great pain.
C. Because he was jealus f the prtrait which wuld never grw ld.
D. Because he thught the prtrait wuld take his yuth and beauty away.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Have yu ever felt a wave f anxiety （焦虑） when ging ut in public？Have yu ever felt as if peple were talking abut yu r laughing at yu？（ 1） ______ .Luckily，here are three tips t help yu vercme this issue.
Understand the sptlight effect （焦点效应）
Many peple assume that they're being judged all the time but actually it may nly be ccasinal.Keeping this in mind，we can lk at thers and think t urselves， "Ah，they're prbably thinking abut themselves right nw".Whenever yu start feeling anxius utside，yu can remind yurself f this. （2） ______ .It will give yu an advantage in scial situatins.
Use cgnitive restructuring （认知重建）
（ 3） ______ .Fr example，yu stutter （结巴） a bit while talking with smene else.Then yu begin t wrry yu've messed up and that this persn nw thinks less f yu.In this situatin.yu can remind yurself that everyne stutters frm time t time.And since the sptlight effect exists，chances are this persn didn't even ntice it.This way f thinking will immediately relax yu.
（ 4） ______
If yu always run away frm a fear，yur bdy and mind will remember it as smething dangerus enugh t run away frm.But if yu face yur fears，ver time yur bdy will start t accept them as smething manageable.And yur anxiety shuld decrease little by little.Yu can take baby steps here.Start ff by saying thank yu t peple yu ften meet，such as cashiers r bus drivers.Then when yu feel cmfrtable enugh，mve n t making small talks with them. （5） ______ .This shuld help yu with yur anxiety.
A.Face yur fears
B.Talk t peple frequently
C.Yu can turn a blind eye t peple arund yu
D.Well，yu might be suffering frm scial anxiety
E.Yu can als try t fcus mre n thers than yurselves
F.Finally，yu can increase the amunt and depth f these talks
G.This is when yu questin the beliefs that cause yur anxiety
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
A by lived with his family n a farm.They had a beautiful dg.T prepare fr the duck hunting seasn （猎鸭季节），the by and the dg kept （1） ______ every day.
Duck hunting seasn finally （2） ______ .At the pnd，nly a few minutes passed befre the tw heard ducks flying verhead.The by （3） ______ three times，killing a duck，which landed in the center f the pnd.The dg，at a signal. （4） ______ tward the pnd.Hwever. （5） ______ swimming in the water，it walked n the （6） ______ .The by was （7） ______ His dg culd walk n water!
He knew seeing is believing，s he returned and led a neighbr t the （8） ______ .Shts fired and a duck killed，the by （9） ______ t his dg again t get the duck.Magically，the dg walked n the water again.
The by was bursting with （10） ______ when asking his neighbr. "Did yu see that？" The neighbr replied， "Yes，yur dg can't （11） ______ swim." The by sat in disbelief as his neighbr pinted ut a weakness f the dg rather than （12） ______ he had witnessed a wnder.
Peple ften dwnplays （轻视）thers' achievements which they're （13） ______ t achieve themselves.Dn't let this bring yu dwn.Just mve n and imprve yurself.Mrever，d give （14） ______ when peple accmplish smething wrthy f it.Pinting ut ther peple's shrtcmings desn't make yu （15） ______ .
21.A. swimmingB. trainingC. playingD. wandering
22.A. tk ffB. ran utC. came arundD. died dwn
23.A. castB. struckC. shtD. aimed
24.A. chargedB. jumpedC. rlledD. fell
25.A. mre thanB. instead fC. apart frmD. due t
26.A. iceB. surfaceC. stnesD. bank
27.A. relaxedB. satisfiedC. inspiredD. astnished
28.A. pndB. birdC. dgD. duck
29.A. wavedB. signaledC. screamedD. respnded
30.A. angerB. curisityC. prideD. cnfidence
31.A. evenB. everC. alwaysD. quite
32.A. questinB. understandC. findD. recgnize
33.A. likelyB. eagerC. unableD. cntent
34.A. adviceB. aidC. permissinD. credit
35.A. betterB. wrseC. selfishD. generus
四、单句语法填空：本大题共5小题，共5分。
36.Many peple came t help， ______ （ dnate） fd and clthes t charities.（所给词的适当形式填空）
37.Remember that yu d nt have t fully understand a pem ______ （ appreciate） it. （所给词的适当形式填空）
38.My daughter just lved her ballet classes，and always fund dance ______ （ relax） after a lng day at schl. （所给词的适当形式填空）
39.______ （ paint） n a five-meter-lng silk scrll，Qingming Scrll is a masterwrk f Chinese art. （所给词的适当形式填空）
40.I turned n the TV fr sme lcal news，nly ______ （ hear） that a hurricane was n its way. （所给词的适当形式填空）
五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
41.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If time travel was pssible，wdwrkers frm the Middle Ages wuld be surprised t see their wdwrking methds （1） ______ （ use） t rebuild Ntre Dame Cathedral （巴黎圣母院） tday
The famus religius center in Paris，France started being built mre than 800 years ag in 1163.It （2） ______ （ cmplete） in1345.A fire in April 2019 caused extensive damage t the rf
Nw，mdern-day wdwrkers are wrking with hand tls like wrkers frm the Middle Ages （3） ______ （ put） tgether the new rf.It has given them a new （4） ______ （ appreciate） f wdwrking methds first used in the 13th century.
The use f hand tls t rebuild the rf was （5） ______ chice，especially since pwer tls wuld have dne the wrk mre quickly.The aim is t remember the skills f the cathedral's builders and t ensure that the centuries-ld art f wdwrking （6） ______ hand lives n.
With the gal t repen the cathedral by December 2024，wrkers are als using cmputer designs and ther mdern （7） ______ （ technlgy） t quicken the rebuilding.Cmputers were used in the drawings f detailed plans fr wdwrkers t help ensure that their hand-made wd pieces fit tgether （8） ______ （ perfect）.
Remi Frmnt，（ 9） ______ created detailed drawings f the riginal frame （框架）in 2012 said the aim was t create the wden frame structure that disappeared during the fire f April 15，2019.
"The rebuilt frame （10） ______ （ be） the same wden frame structure f the 13th century，" he added. "We have exactly the same material：ak.We have the same tls.We have the same knw-hw.And sn，it will return t its same place."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共5分。
42.Our cmfrt fds are highly （1） ______ .They vary frm persn t persn，depending n ur wn unique experiences that have （2） ______ ur lives.If we grw up eating certain fds in ur family，then thse fds tend t be linked with psitive（3） ______ .Fr example，we ften cnnect chicken sup with a happy childhd and its（4） ______ becmes tied up with the feeling f being taken care f.When we eat it again，we（5） ______ memries f a time when we were lved and lked after，and this cheers us up.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
43.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I'm a talker—I have a habit f talking t every persn I see—but that afternn in March 2015，I sat beside my husband Andy n the 45-minute drive hme frm the Marcus Autism Center withut saying a wrd.My tw-and-a-half-year-ld sn Wesley had just been diagnsed（诊断） with autism spectrum disrder （自闭症谱系障碍）.
I'd been given instructins and suggestins and tld t sign up fr classes，but I knew we culd never affrd any.Out f everything the specialists had said，the nly wrd I culd remember was scializatin-key fr Wesley t develp scial skills.In the car，I tried hard t cme up with ways t make his wrld mre scial.Then the strangest idea came t mind，s strange that I blurted （脱口而出） it ut. "We need a dg!"
Andy lked at me as if I were crazy. "What are yu talking abut，Rachel？Yu dn't ever really like dgs." That was true.I had had bad experiences with dgs grwing up. "And hw are we ging t affrd a dg right nw？" Yes，anther big questin.But smehw I culdn't shake the idea.
A cuple f weeks later，I was utside playing with Wesley，when a new neighbr walked ver with a black curly-cated dg.When we were chatting，her medium-sized dg ran and jumped playfully between the bys.He was s gentle；he didn't jump n peple the way I'd seen a lt f dgs d.I watched，amazed.It was as if he knew exactly hw careful t be with each f them.
"What breed （品种） is he？" I asked. "He's an Aussieddle （贵宾澳牧），" She said prudly.Then she cntinued， "He was bred （培育） by a wman called Mary，wh has three autistic （自闭症的） sns.She fund that Aussieddles wrk perfectly as service dgs.I can give yu her phne number if yu want ne."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
"Was this fr real？We need an Aussieddle!" I said.
_______
Then Andy and I drve t Mary's hme，and picked a dg called Berry.
_______
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据The Lyndn Oratri-Sl Cmpetitin部分中Initial （最初的） entries and runds are nline.Hwever，finals are held at Carnegie Hall in New Yrk City with cnsiderable cash prizes awarded.（初始的报名和轮次在线进行。但是，决赛在纽约市的卡内基音乐厅举行，并颁发可观的现金奖励。）可知，这个比赛的特别之处在于并不是所有的歌唱比赛都在线上举行。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据MacrDazzle部分中MacrDazzle accepts karake，sing-alng，and even self-accmpanied singing frm cmpetitrs f all ages.（MacrDazzle接受所有年龄段的参赛者的卡拉OK、合唱，甚至是自己伴奏的歌唱。）可知，MacrDazzle比赛没有设置参赛年龄限制。故选D。
（3）写作意图题。根据第一段中Yu can still shw ff yur vcal skills and cmpete （竞赛） fr recgnitin in ne f the many nline singing cmpetitins acrss the cuntry.（你仍然可以在全国众多的线上歌唱比赛中展示你的声乐技巧，争取认可。）可推知，文章的目的是介绍一些线上歌唱比赛。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章为想要展示声乐技巧获得认可的读者介绍了四个线上的歌唱比赛。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】D、C、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中N ne knws exactly hw the 12 animals came t be named.But ancient strytellers said the Jade Emperr，r the Buddha，rganized a race acrss a river fr all the animals in the wrld.The first 12 t reach the ther side wuld appear in the zdiac.（没有人确切知道这12种动物是如何被命名的。但古代的故事讲述者说，玉皇大帝或佛陀组织了一场世界上所有动物的过河比赛。最先到达另一边的12个将出现在黄道十二宫。）和第三段中In the Chinese versin f the stry，the cat and the rat were riding acrss a river n an x when the rat pushed the cat int the water.（在这个故事的中国版本中，猫和老鼠骑着牛过河，老鼠把猫推到了水里。）和第四段中Hwever，in the Vietnamese versin which did nt have a rabbit，the cat culd swim and ended up arriving furth.（然而，在没有兔子的越南版本中，猫会游泳，最终获得第四名。）可知，文中用动物过河的比赛来探究两个国家生肖不一样的原因。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据第三段中By the time the rabbit wke up， three thers had already arrived.（当兔子醒来的时候，另外三种动物已经到了。）和第四段中The tp twelve finishers which appear in the zdiac were rat，x，tiger，cat （r rabbit），dragn，snake，hrse，gat，mnkey，rster，dg，and pig.（十二生肖中排名前十二的是鼠、牛、虎、猫（或兔）、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗和猪。）可知，句中"three thers"是指排在猫（兔）前面的鼠、牛和虎。A．The rat，the x and the hrse老鼠、牛和马；B．The tiger，the cat and the x老虎、猫和牛；C．The rat，the x and the tiger老鼠、牛和老虎；D．The cat，the rat and the snake猫、老鼠和蛇。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中He said in ld Chinese，there is a little-used wrd tied t the sign f the rabbit （卯） that is prnunced like ma.The prnunciatin is similar t mè，the Vietnamese wrd fr cat.（他说，在古汉语中，有一个很少使用的词与兔子的宫 （卯） 有关，它发音像"ma"。其发音类似于越南语中表示猫的单词"mè"。）可知，Papin认为两种语言中某些词的发音相似导致在越南生肖中兔子被猫替换。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中And ne f the tp Ggle searches in Vietnam is "why there is n cat in the Chinese zdiac."（越南最热门的谷歌搜索之一是"为什么中国十二生肖里没有猫"。）可知，在越南，猫年或兔年引起了公众的兴趣。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了越南生肖与中国生肖的区别。在越南生肖中猫取代了中国生肖中兔子。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中A classic example is the lng-held idea that watering plants arund nn n a sunny day shuld be avided，since it might harm their leaves.（一个经典的例子是，长期以来人们一直认为，应该避免在晴天的中午给植物浇水，因为这可能会伤害它们的叶子。）可知，文中讨论的人们长期持有的观点是中午浇水可能会损害植物健康。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中They fund that spreading small glass spheres （球体） ver the surface f smth-leaved plants culd indeed have this effect，causing damage right acrss the leaf surface.But when this was repeated with actual water drplets，such damage didn't ccur.（他们发现，在光滑叶子的植物表面散布小玻璃球确实会产生这种效果，在叶子表面造成损害。但是，当用真正的水滴重复这个过程时，这种损害没有发生。）可知，研究人员用真正的水滴进行实验发现与玻璃球不同，水滴不会损害树叶。故选C。
（3）段落大意题。根据第四段This is because water behaves rather differently t glass.The shape f a water drplet n a leaf is mre elliptical （椭圆的） than spherical.The cmputer mdelling shwed that the extreme damage thrugh a lens f this shape wuld ccur when the sun was at a lw angle in the sky，that is，in the mrning r in the afternn.Hwever，the sun's strength at these times is t lw t cause any harm.Even if the light f the midday sun did smehw cme at the strngest angle，the heat at this time f day wuld always cause the water drplets t evaprate （蒸发） befre they had an effect.（这是因为水的表现与玻璃大不相同。叶子上水滴的形状与其说是球形，不如说是椭圆形。计算机模拟表明，当太阳处于较低的角度时，即在早晨或下午，这种形状的透镜会产生极大的损伤。然而，这些时候的太阳强度太低，不会造成任何伤害。即使正午的阳光确实以最强的角度照进来，一天中这个时候的热量也总是会导致水滴在产生效果之前蒸发掉。）可知，第四段中说明了为什么真正的水滴不会损害树叶，是对上文研究结果的解释。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中S，if yur plants need a gd watering，give them sme water.Nt watering thirsty plants n a sunny day fr fear f leaf scrch will almst certainly lead t mre damage frm drught stress than culd be caused by the magnifying glass （放大镜） effect.（所以，如果你的植物需要好好浇水，给它们一些水。在阳光明媚的日子里，因为害怕叶子被烧焦而不给口渴的植物浇水，几乎肯定会导致干旱压力，造成比放大镜效应更大的损害。）和最后一句the evidence desn't supprt the idea that watering at midday will cause burning.（证据并不支持中午浇水会引起叶子被烧焦的观点。）可知，在阳光明媚的中午给口渴的植物浇水是可行的。选项D．Watering thirsty plants n a sunny nn makes sense.（在阳光明媚的中午给口渴的植物浇水是有道理的）符合题意。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了研究发现在晴天中午给植物浇水可能会伤害它们的叶子这一观点是错误的。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】D、C、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第四段亨利勋爵所说的话Yu must have sme secret.I'm nly ten years lder than yu are，and I'm wrinkled and ld.Please，tell me yur secret（你一定有什么秘密。我只比你大十岁，而且我又皱又老。请告诉我你的秘密），可知亨利勋爵不知道多里安保持年轻的秘密，所以多里安对亨利勋爵隐藏了保持年轻的秘密，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第七段多里安所说的话Basil painted the prtrait that ruined my life.I can't frgive him fr that.Everything is the prtrait's fault（巴兹尔画的肖像毁了我的生活。我不能原谅他所做的。一切都是肖像画的错），可知多里安认为他所遭受的痛苦都来自巴兹尔和他所画的肖像，故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据上文"Ah!Why did I pray fr the prtrait t grw ld，and fr me t stay yung？I wrshiped beauty and eternal yuth，but they ruined me（啊！为什么我要祈祷这幅肖像变老，让我保持年轻？我崇拜美丽和永恒的青春，但它们毁了我），可知美丽是他所崇尚的，A.admired"被赞美的，被敬仰的"；B．Deserved（不值一提）；C．Maintained（维护）D．Ignred（忽视），所以admired是wrship的近义词，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第十段的Then he pulled the purple clth ff the prtrait.He gave a cry f pain.The prtrait was mre hrrible.His face lked mre evil.There was new bld n the hand and n the feet.（然后他把画像上的紫色布料扯下来。他痛苦地叫了一声。画像更可怕。他的脸看起来更邪恶。手上和脚上都有新血）；第十一段Drian trembled with fear.Drian lked rund the rm and saw the knife that stabbed Basil Hallward.It was bright and shining（多里安吓得浑身发抖。多里安环视了一下房间，看到了刺伤巴兹尔•霍尔沃德的那把刀。它闪闪发光）；第十二段 "This knife killed the artist，and nw it will kill the artist's wrk，" he thught（他想："这把刀杀死了艺术家，现在它将杀死艺术家的作品"）；以及最后一段He grabbed the knife，and then he stabbed the prtrait with it（他抓起刀，然后用刀刺伤了肖像），可知多里安刺穿画像，是因为他觉得这幅反应他的灵魂的画像给他带来了痛苦，故选B。
这是一篇小说节选。作者描述了多里安切对于真正美丽的理解过程。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】D、E、G、A、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据下文Luckily，here are three tips t help yu vercme this issue.（幸运地是，这里有三个技巧可以帮助你克服这个问题。）中"this issue"可知，设空句会提出一个"问题"，结合上文Have yu ever felt a wave f anxiety （焦虑） when ging ut in public？Have yu ever felt as if peple were talking abut yu r laughing at yu？（当你在公共场合外出时，你是否曾感到一阵焦虑？你是否曾经觉得人们在谈论你或嘲笑你？）可知，这一问题社交有关，D项"好吧，你可能患有社交焦虑症"承接上文，提出问题，句中"scial anxiety"即下文中"this issue"。故选D项。
（2）联系上文题。上文Many peple assume that they're being judged all the time but actually it may nly be ccasinal.（许多人认为他们一直在被评判，但实际上可能只是偶尔。）提出焦点效应，指出人们高估周围人对自己外表和行为关注度，这会引起焦虑，E项"你也可以试着多关注别人而不是自己"给出建议：试着多关注别人而不是自己，句中"Yu can als..."与上一条建议"...，yu can remind yurself f this."构成并列关系，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
（3）推理判断题。根据小标题Use cgnitive restructuring （认知重建），可知本段建议重建自己的认知，G项"这是质疑导致你焦虑的观点的时候"解释了什么是重建自己的认知，即对自己的一些观点提出质疑，改变自己的一引起看法。下文Fr example，yu stutter （结巴） a bit while talking with smene else.Then yu begin t wrry yu've messed up and that this persn nw thinks less f yu.In this situatin，yu can remind yurself that everyne stutters frm time t time.（例如，你和别人说话时有点口吃。然后你开始担心你搞砸了，担心这个人现在看不起你了。在这种情况下。你可以提醒自己，每个人都会时不时地结巴。）用具体事例进行举例说明，句中"remind yurself that everyne stutters frm time t time"即一种认知的重建，一种看法的改变。上下文语意一致。故选G项。
（4）段落标题题。设空句是段首小标题，根据段中If yu always run away frm a fear，yur bdy and mind will remember it as smething dangerus enugh t run away frm.But if yu face yur fears，ver time yur bdy will start t accept them as smething manageable.（如果你总是逃避恐惧，你的身体和头脑会记住它是足够危险的东西，需要来逃避。但如果你直面你的恐惧，随着时间的推移，你的身体会开始接受它们，认为它们是可以控制的。）可知，本段讲直面你的恐惧。所以A项"面对你的恐惧"是最佳标题。故选A项。
（5）联系上文题。上文Yu can take baby steps here.Start ff by saying thank yu t peple yu ften meet，such as cashiers r bus drivers.Then when yu feel cmfrtable enugh，mve n t making small talks with them.（你可以从这里开始。从对你经常遇到的人说声谢谢开始，比如收银员或公交车司机。然后当你觉得足够舒服的时候，继续和他们闲聊。）讲如何展开与其它人的对话，遵循"baby steps"的步骤，句中分别用了"Start ff"和"mve n"来表示循序渐近的过程，F项"最后，你可以增加谈话的数量和深度"承接上文，说明最终达到的结果"increase the amunt and depth f these talks"，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何克服社交焦虑症。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、C、C、A、B、B、D、A、B、C、A、D、C、D、A
【解析】（1）考查动名词及语境理解。A.swimming游泳；B.training训练；C.playing玩；D.wandering徘徊。根据上文"T prepare fr the duck hunting seasn"可知，此处指男孩和狗坚持训练为了能准备好即将到来的猎鸭季节。故选B。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.tk ff起飞、脱下；B.ran ut用完、用光；C.came arund发生、再度出现；D.died dwn渐渐消失。根据上文"T prepare fr the duck hunting seasn"可知，此处指猎鸭季到了。故选C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.cast投掷；B.struck打击；罢工；C.sht射击；D.aimed瞄准。根据上文"Duck hunting seasn"及下文"killing a duck"可知，此处指男孩射击了三次，故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.charged向……冲去；B.jumped跳；C.rlled翻滚；D.fell摔倒。根据下文"t his dg again t get the duck"可知，此处指狗冲向池塘去取回男孩刚刚射杀的鸭子。故选A。
（5）考查短语及语境理解。A.mre than不仅仅；B.instead f代替、而不是；C.apart frm除……之外；D.due t由于。根据下文"His dg culd walk n water!"可知，此处是相对于前文理应是游泳去抓鸭子，狗却是走在水面上。故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.ice冰；B.surface表面；C.stnes石头；D.bank岸边。根据下文"His dg culd walk n water!"可知，此处指狗在水面上走。故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.relaxed感到放松的；B.satisfied感到满意的；C.inspired受到鼓舞的；D.astnished感到惊讶的。根据下文"His dg culd walk n water!"可知，此处指看到狗在水面上行走，男孩是感到惊讶的。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.pnd池塘；B.bird鸟；C.dg狗；D.duck鸭子。根据上文"The by （3） three times，killing a duck，which landed in the center f the pnd."下文"Shts fired and a duck killed"可知，此处指男孩把他的邻居带到了猎杀鸭子的那个池塘边。故选A。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.waved挥手；B.signaled发信号；示意；C.screamed尖叫；D.respnded回应。根据上文"The dg，at a signal， （4）tward the pnd"可知，此处指男孩给狗示意，让狗去把鸭子带回来。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.anger愤怒；生气；B.curisity好奇心；C.pride骄傲、自豪；D.cnfidence自信心。根据上文"the dg walked n the water again"可知，男孩向他的邻居展示自己的狗可以在水面上行走，可知男孩是自豪的。故选C。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.even甚至；B.ever曾经；C.always一直、总是；D.quite十分、很。根据空处前后内容可知，这里指男孩的邻居说男孩的狗不会游泳。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.questin询问；B.understand理解；C.find找到；D.recgnize承认，认可。根据上文"his neighbr pinted ut a weakness f the dg rather than "及下文"he had witnessed a wnder"可知，此处指男孩的邻居不认为是一个奇迹，认为这是狗的一个弱点。故选D。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.likely可能的；B.eager渴望的；C.unable不能的；D.cntent满意的。根据上文"Peple ften dwnplays （轻视）thers' achievements "可知，别人取得的成就是自己不能实现的。故选C。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.advice建议；B.aid帮助；C.permissin许可；承诺；D.credit表扬。根据下文"when peple accmplish smething wrthy f it"可知，当人们完成了值得表扬的事情，要表扬。故选D。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.wrse更糟糕的；C.selfish自私的；D.generus慷慨的。根据上文"Just mve n and imprve yurself. "及"Pinting ut ther peple's shrtcmings desn't make yu "可知，这里指人们要不断的改善自己，让自己变得更好，所以指出别人的错误并不能让自己达到更好。故选A。
这篇短文讲述了一个男孩和他的狗在鸭子狩猎季的故事。男孩的狗能够在水上行走，但当他向邻居展示这一奇迹时，邻居却只关注到狗不会游泳这一缺点。文章通过这个故事告诫人们，人们常常会忽视他人的成就，只看到他们的缺点，但我们不能因此而气馁，要继续前进，提高自己。同时，当他人有值得赞扬的成就时，我们也应给予赞扬，指出他人的短处并不能使我们变得更好。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】dnating
【解析】分析句子可知，（dnate） fd and clthes t charities作伴随状语，dnate是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语peple之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动和同时发生。
故填：dnating。
许多人前来帮忙，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
37.【答案】t appreciate
【解析】根据句意和所给动词appreciate分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式t appreciate作目的状语。
故填：t appreciate。
记住，要欣赏一首诗，你不必完全理解它。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
38.【答案】relaxing
【解析】分析句子可知，空处在句中作补语，根据结构：find+ 宾语+ 形容词，所以空处应填入形容词作宾补，对dance进行描述，所以应用-ing的形容词relaxing"令人放松的"。
故填：relaxing。
我女儿非常喜欢她的芭蕾课，在学校度过漫长的一天后，她总是觉得跳舞是一种放松。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
39.【答案】Painted
【解析】句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词作状语，Qingming Scrll和paint之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，句首字母大写。
故填：Painted。
《清明上河图》绘在五米长的丝绸卷轴上，是中国艺术的杰作。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
40.【答案】t hear
【解析】t d sth.作结果状语，表示"意料之外的结果"；ding sth.作结果状语，表示"意料之中的结果"。此处应是前者。
故填：t hear。
我打开电视看一些本地新闻，却听到飓风就要来了。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
41.【答案】【小题1】being used
【小题2】was cmpleted
【小题3】t put
【小题4】appreciatin
【小题5】a
【小题6】by
【小题7】technlgies
【小题8】perfectly
【小题9】wh
【小题10】is
【解析】（1）考查现在分词的被动形式。句意：如果时间旅行是可能的，中世纪的木工会惊讶地看到他们的木工方法被用来重建今天的巴黎圣母院。此处为see+宾语+宾补结构，use与methds构成被动关系且强调今天正在被使用，故用being dne形式。故填being used。
（2）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它于1345年完工。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据in 1345可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填was cmpleted。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：现在，现代的木工像中世纪的工人一样用手工工具组装新屋顶。此处put在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填t put。
（4）考查可数名词的单数。句意：它让他们对13世纪首次使用的木工方法有了新的认识。作宾语，结合不定冠词可知用单数名词appreciatin。故填appreciatin。
（5）考查冠词。句意：使用手动工具重建屋顶是一种选择，特别是因为电动工具可以更快地完成工作。名词chice为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
（6）考查介词。句意：这样做的目的是为了纪念大教堂建造者的技艺，并确保有数世纪历史的手工木工艺术得以延续。表示"手工"短语为by hand。故填by。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：为了在2024年12月之前重新开放大教堂，工人们还使用计算机设计和其他现代技术来加快重建速度。technlgy为可数名词，由ther可知应用复数形式。故填technlgies。
（8）考查副词。句意：计算机被用于绘制木工的详细计划，以帮助确保他们手工制作的木片完美地贴合在一起。修饰动词fit应用副词perfectly，作状语。故填perfectly。
（9）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：Remi Frmnt在2012年绘制了原始框架的详细图纸，他说，这样做的目的是创造在2019年4月15日火灾中消失的木制框架结构。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Remi Frmnt，在从句中作主语，指人，故填wh。
（10）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意："重建的框架与13世纪的木制框架结构相同，"他补充说。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The rebuilt frame，谓语用单数。故填is。
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中世纪的木工方法被用来重建巴黎圣母院。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
42.【答案】【小题1】individual
【小题2】shaped
【小题3】emtins
【小题4】flavur/flavr
【小题5】unlck
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：我们（感到）舒适食物（的态度）是高度个性化的。根据下文"They vary frm persn t persn"可知，对食物的感受是因人而异的，所以空处指"个人的，独特的"，形容词individual"独特的，与众不同的"，故填individual。
（2）考查动词及时态。句意：它们因人而异，取决于我们自己独特的经历，这些经历塑造了我们的生活。结合句意可知，此处指"塑造，形成"，及物动词shape，意为"塑造，形成"符合题意，结合空前助动词have，所以此处的是为现在完成时，故填shaped。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：如果我们在家里吃着某些食物长大，那么这些食物往往与积极的情绪有关。根据句意可知，空处的含义为"情绪"，名词emtin"情绪"为可数名词，结合句中"fds tend t be linked with"可知，此处表示复数含义，故填emtins。
（4）考查名词。句意：例如，我们经常把鸡汤和快乐的童年联系在一起，它的味道和被照顾的感觉联系在一起。根据句意可知，空处的内容为"味道"，名词flavur"味道"，其形式也可以为flavr，为可数名词的单数，故填flavur/flavr。
（5）考查动词和时态。句意：当我们再次吃它的时候，我们就会回忆起一段被爱和被照顾的时光，这让我们高兴起来。根据句意可知，空处的内容为"打开，发现"，动词unlck"发现，揭开"为及物动词，根据前文"eat"可知，时态为一般现在时，故填unlck。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了的人们在成长中食用的某种食物常常和积极的情绪有关，因此当我们再次吃它的时候，我们就会回忆起一段被爱和被照顾的时光，这让我们高兴起来。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
43.【答案】"Was this fr real？We need an Aussieddle!" I said.After getting Mary's number，I flew int the huse and caught her.On the phne，Mary shared with us hw her dg had helped her kids while Andy and I listened with increasingly excitement and hpe.Yet I had t ask Mary t keep ne dg fr us until we gt enugh mney.T ur great surprise，Mary ffered t give us ne fr free，saying she knew exactly what the dg meant t us.【高分句型一】Her genersity brught tears t ur eyes.（我联系到Mary，讲述儿子的情况，以及Mary决定送一只贵宾澳牧）
Then Andy and I drve t Mary's hme，and picked a dg called Berry.Berry run arund Wesley like an energetic black ball.Wesley was bviusly amused when Berry licked his hand friendly.And his eyes lit up when Berry didn't reject his hug.Frm that day n，nbdy culd tear them apart.When they were utdrs，peple ften came t Wesley with questins abut his cute cmpanin.Slwly but surely，I witnessed my by，wh used t shut his dr t thers，becming mre scial and mre cheerful.【高分句型二】Everyne knew it was Berry wh helped pen the dr.（巴里帮助我的儿子逐渐康复）
【解析】本文为记叙文，主要讲述我是一个健谈的人，在得知我两岁半的儿子韦斯利刚刚被诊断出患有自闭症谱系障碍时，我坐在车里一语不发。坐在车里，我冥想着专家们说的社会化的含义。最终我提出我们需要一只狗的想法。丈夫对我的这个想法很惊讶。几周后，当我和韦斯利在外面玩的时候，一个新邻居牵着一只黑色的卷毛狗走了过来。通过聊天我得知这是一只贵宾澳牧。邻居讲到说这只狗是一个叫玛丽的女人培育的，同时提到玛丽有三个患有自闭症的儿子。玛丽发现澳洲贵宾作为服务犬的表现非常好。
高分句型一：T ur great surprise，Mary ffered t give us ne fr free，saying she knew exactly what the dg meant t us.
译文：令我们非常惊讶的是，玛丽主动提出免费给我们一只，说她很清楚这只狗对我们意味着什么。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语saying she knew exactly what the dg meant t us作状语。
高分句型二：Slwly but surely，I witnessed my by，wh used t shut his dr t thers，becming mre scial and mre cheerful.
译文：慢慢但肯定的是，我见证了我的儿子，他过去常常对别人关起门来，变得越来越善于交际，越来越开朗。
分析：这句话使用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词短语becming mre scial and mre cheerful作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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